JP6010217B2 - Heat exchanger with supply channel - Google Patents

Description

  The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle according to the features of the superordinate concept of claim 1.

  From the prior art it is known to use heat exchangers, in particular in motor vehicles, in order to cool parts with media and / or to take up heat intentionally from the media. For example, this makes it possible to intentionally cool the cooling water of the combustion engine of a motor vehicle with a second medium, in particular air. However, it is also possible to cool the exhaust gas of an automobile, for example to supply the cooled exhaust gas itself to the combustion process again.

  From Patent Document 1, for example, a pipe-stacked heat exchanger is known. Here, the medium is supplied at one end, reaches the bottom of the tube and collects at the bottom of the tube and is then guided through a heat exchange pipe present at the bottom of the tube. In the cross flow principle, the second medium is supplied outside the cover of the heat exchanger. This medium flows through the heat exchanger and leaves the heat exchanger again at the outlet opposite the inlet of the second medium.

  Here, it is disadvantageous that the tube bottom is exposed, at least locally, to the high temperature of the flowing exhaust gas, especially when such a tube stack heat exchanger is used as an exhaust gas heat exchanger.

German Patent Application Publication No. 434 34 05 A1

  The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a heat exchanger for an automobile. This heat exchanger has better resistance of the internal component elements against the high temperature of the media fed through, at least with the cooling pipes unchanged.

  The above-mentioned problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 with a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle.

  Advantageous implementation variants of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

  A heat exchanger according to the invention for an automobile, wherein the heat exchanger has an outer cover, the heat exchanger pipe is arranged without the outer cover, and at the front side without the cover. The heat exchanger in which the first medium can be discharged and the second medium can be supplied through the side of the cover is formed with a single channel in the cover that at least partially circulates outside. In this case, the second medium can be supplied from the supply pipe to the circulating channel, and reaches the inner chamber of the cover through the opening in the cover.

  In this way, the front plate or the hole plate, which is also known as the tube bottom, in the heat exchanger itself, in particular as a pipe stack heat exchanger, particularly preferably as an exhaust gas heat exchanger for automobiles, is more Cools well. This plate is fitted with a heat exchanger pipe. The first medium is now fed into the heat exchanger from the front side and discharged again from the opposite front side. The first medium is then cooled by the heat exchanger pipe. The second medium is then supplied to the heat exchanger from one side of the cover according to the backflow principle or according to the crossflow principle or according to the direct current principle. However, in accordance with the invention, the second medium is directed from one side to a certain point, or from one side to the other through the heat exchanger cover, to the heat exchange pipes present in the heat exchange cover. Not only is it intended, but it is first intended to be guided towards the cover via the supply pipe, particularly preferably towards the end of the cover. It is intended here according to the invention. A channel is formed which at least partially circulates in the radial direction, in particular a complete circulatory channel, in which the second medium is first flowed and distributed therethrough around the cover. The

  An opening is provided in the channel itself. In so doing, the second medium distributed in the channel enters the inside of the cover through the opening. This not only allows the second medium to reach the heat exchanger pipe only on one side or to a certain point, but ideally from all sides outside the cover, in particular simultaneously and / or substantially equal. It enters the heat exchanger cover at a moderate temperature, in particular at the flow temperature. Thereby, the tube bottom is first circulated through the second medium in the same way in a channel arranged in the region of the end of the cover. In this case, the second medium is in particular a cooling medium, particularly preferably cooling water.

  The first medium, which is supplied to the heat exchanger from the front side and thereby reaches the bottom of the tube, is exposed to intense heating of the bottom of the tube. Here, in particular, exhaust gas is guided as a first medium through a heat exchanger. This exhaust gas has an exhaust gas temperature that is higher than 600 degrees, and even primarily higher than 800 degrees. Substantially even cooling of the tube bottom by the second medium prevents overheating of the tube bottom, and at the same time, such heat exchangers are often thermally bonded, especially soldered, so that different thermal expansions occur. One-sided delay based is prevented. This increases the density and life of the heat exchanger. In so doing, the better cooled tube bottom eliminates the need for cost intensive and temperature resistant materials for help. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the heat exchanger clearly and inexpensively with improved cooling performance.

  Within the framework of the invention, in particular the cover of the heat exchanger is an outer cassette or a cover surface that goes around the outside. It can also be formed in the cross section as a circle, ellipse or other square, in particular a quadrangle, particularly preferably a rectangle or a square.

  The cover itself is more preferably covered by a flange from the outside within the frame of the invention, where the flange can be formed as a tube member, as a fitting member, or as an angle member. The flange has in particular a supply or discharge line for the first medium. The channel that circulates in the radial direction according to the invention is formed with features (flange features) directed outward in the radial direction. In that case, the outwardly directed feature is formed as a curved part that is directed outwardly in the radial direction. Therefore, a hollow space is formed between the inside of the curved portion and the outer cover surface of the cover. The channel then again connects the supply line for the second medium to the flange. In particular, a short tube is formed and / or a notch is formed in the region of the curved portion. This forms a supply line for the inventive channel. Thereby, the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, particularly preferably the cooling water, is guided into the channel and distributed around the cover in a radial direction from the outside. The medium reaches the internal chamber of the heat exchanger through the opening in the cover or enters the internal chamber of the cover.

  In particular, the opening itself is thus formed by a plurality of holes spaced apart from each other, wherein the plurality of holes circulate in the cover and are formed in the channel region. In that case, within the frame of the present invention, it is possible to arrange, for example, a plurality of holes in the cover by turning around in the radial direction at the same interval. Here, for example, the plurality of holes first have a relatively large distance from each other in the region of the supply pipe, and then the distance between the plurality of holes decreases with an increasing distance from the supply pipe in the channel flow direction. It can be intended to be. Here, for example, a relatively small percentage of the second medium is relatively small in the region of the supply pipe where the higher pressure and / or higher flow rate of the second medium dominates as a result of the first intended number of holes. As the medium only penetrates into the cover and the distance from the supply pipe increases, the decrease in the spacing, the concomitant increase in the number of holes, but at the same time the decreasing pressure of the second medium and Under a decreasing flow rate, a sufficient part of the second medium likewise enters the interior chamber of the cover.

  Furthermore, within the framework of the present invention, the plurality of holes are intended to have different opening cross sections. In that case, the opening cross section is formed such that the opening cross section of the openings spaced apart from each other increases from the supply pipe in the channel flow direction. The opening therefore has a smaller opening cross section in the region of the supply pipe than the opening away from the supply pipe in the flow direction. The size of the opening cross section of each opening is thus reduced in the channel flow direction. This further ensures that there is sufficient medium since the second medium has a higher pressure and / or higher flow rate in the region of the supply piping, with the pressure and / or flow rate being reduced in the flow direction of the channel. As a result of being transported from the channel into the interior chamber of the cover, it is possible to circulate in the radial direction and cause an even inflow into the cover.

  Within the framework of the present invention, it is further possible to variably (change) the channel cross section. In particular, the cross section decreases in the flow direction from the channel supply piping. The decreasing cross-section is again counteracted by a decreasing pressure in the flow direction of the channel of the second medium and / or a decreasing flow rate of the second medium. By reducing the cross-section, the pressure and / or flow rate of the second medium is maintained or increased substantially in the flow direction of the channel. As a result, a substantially uniform flow is formed inside the cover through the opening.

  Furthermore, in the frame of the present invention, a guide thin plate is provided in the cover following the opening in the cover in the first fluid flow direction. In this case, the guide lamina is inserted with a heat exchanger pipe and preferably has a central notch for passing the second medium in the flow direction of the cover.

  By means of the guide sheet itself, first the second medium and thus the cooling fluid does not flow or flow directly into the interior chamber of the cover, either radially or axially, after entering the cover. It is ensured that the faceplate or pipe stack is only cooled inadequately. This first causes a stagnation of the second medium in the area of the front plate. As a result, the second medium cools, in particular, the front plate and the heat exchanger pipe in the inflow region of the first medium. Furthermore, the second medium flows axially, in particular through an opening arranged centrally in the guide lamina or into the interior of the cover through a notch.

  More preferably, one front plate is provided in front of the opening in the cover through the cover in the first fluid flow direction. In this case, the front plate is inserted into the heat exchanger pipe for guiding the passage of the first medium. Within the framework of the invention, the front plate is in particular the tube stack or the tube bottom. This is, firstly, resistant to high temperatures and thus does not have to be formed from cost intensive materials, and its thickness, and hence the total material usage, is formed thin and low It is possible. Thereby, the manufacturing cost for manufacturing is reduced by the material cost. Within the framework of the invention, the connection between the front plate in the tube bottom and the heat exchanger pipe (for example a connection that can be made by soldering) can be produced with great tolerances. This is because the thermal delay is not compromised in terms of denseness and, consequently, longevity, based on the clearly improved cooling characteristics in the area of the faceplate. is there.

  For the production of the heat exchanger according to the invention, at least one material-bonded connection, in particular a solder connection, in particular a solder connection, in particular between the flange and the cover, particularly preferably between the outside of the cover and the inside of the flange. A temporary connection is made. However, it is also possible within the framework of the present invention to connect both members, i.e. the flange and the cover, to each other by a welded connection or by an adhesive connection. In particular, the cover or the flange can also be manufactured from a single metal material. This is for example a steel material, preferably a light metal material. In doing so, the soldering process occurs with a high degree of freedom during joining. This is because, although basically not weldable, solderable materials can be joined together in a material-bonding and thereby liquid-tight manner.

  In particular, the channel is formed by two mutually spaced circumferential contact surfaces between the flange and the outside of the cover. In doing so, the contact surfaces are in particular thermally joined together in a liquid-tight manner. It is therefore possible to first provide a plurality of holes in the cover in a predetermined manner, then shift the flange over the cover and subsequently make a fluid-tight thermal connection between the two members.

  Other advantageous features, characteristics and aspects of the invention are the subject of the subsequent description. Preferred implementation variations are represented in the simplified diagram. These are used for a simple understanding of the invention.

A perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention Partial view of the heat exchanger according to the invention Detailed partial view of the functional principle for the production of a circulating channel Partial view of the heat exchanger according to the invention Front thin plate according to the invention The end of the cover according to the invention

  In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts. The repeated description is omitted from the viewpoint of simplification.

  FIG. 1a shows a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. This heat exchanger has a cover 2 and a flange 3. This flange is placed on the cover 2 on the end side. The flange 3 has an exhaust gas pipe 4 for inflow of flowing exhaust gas guide and a supply pipe 5 for supplying a second medium. In this case, the second medium reaches the channel 7 that goes around the outside via the supply pipe 5 itself. This channel is formed in the flange 3 itself by a curved portion 8 directed outward.

  According to the invention, the channel 7 orbiting the outside has an opening 9 towards the cover 2. Through this opening, each medium 6 flows into the collection chamber 12 shown in FIG. 3 and from here through the notch 15 into the internal chamber of the heat exchanger.

  FIG. 1b shows the heat exchanger 1 in a perspective partial view.

  FIG. 2 shows in detail a channel 7 that goes around the outside according to the invention. The curved portion 8 directed outwardly forms a channel 7 that goes around the outside in the flange 3 between the cover 2 and the flange 3. In this channel 7, the second medium 6 flows around the cover 2 from the outside and then enters the internal chamber I of the cover 2 via the opening 9 in the cover 2 itself. The medium is then isolated from the inflow side 10 of the exhaust gas A by the front plate 11.

  FIG. 3 further shows a further transition through the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention of the flowing exhaust gas A and the second medium 6. The second medium 6 gathers around the cover 2 from the outside via a channel 7 that circulates outside, and then flows into the internal chamber I of the cover 2 first into the collection chamber 12. The collection chamber 12 is first bounded by the front plate 11. At this time, the front plate 11 is inserted with the heat exchanger pipe 13, so that the flowing exhaust gas A can flow through the heat exchanger pipe 13. . The collection chamber 12, however, is further separated by a single guide sheet 14 in the flow direction. At that time, the heat exchanger pipe 13 is inserted on the guide thin plate 14. The guide thin plate 14 itself has a central notch 15 in particular. The second medium 6 can flow from the collection chamber 12 into the inner chamber of the cover 2 through the notch.

  FIG. 4 shows the guide thin plate 14 in a front view. In that case, the individual heat exchanger pipes 13 or the openings for the heat exchanger pipes 13 and the central notch 15 can be seen well.

  FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the cover 2 according to the invention. At this time, the cover 3 is not covered with the flange 3. At the end of the cover 2, the individual openings 9 that circulate in the radial direction at a distance a between each other, that is, the openings 9 for flowing the second fluid into the collection chamber can be seen well.

  2 (not shown), it can be clearly seen that a material-bonding connection 16 is formed between the cover 2, the flange 3 and the front plate 11, respectively.

  In FIG. 5, a guide thin plate 14 is further arranged in the cover 2. The medium can thereby flow into the collection chamber 12 through the opening 9 and from there into the internal chamber I through the notch 15.

1-Heat exchanger 2-Cover 3-Flange 4-Exhaust gas piping 5-Supply piping 6-Second medium 7-Channel 8-Curved portion 9-Opening portion 10-Inflow side 11-Front plate 12-Collection chamber 13- Heat exchanger pipe 14-Guide thin plate 15-Notch 16-Material connection A-Exhaust gas I-Inner chamber a-Spacing

Claims (12)

A heat exchanger for an automobile, in which the heat exchanger (1) has an outer cover (2), and the heat exchanger pipe (13) is in the outer cover (2). The medium can be supplied on the front side in the cover (2) and discharged on the opposite side, and the second medium (6) is supplied via the side of the cover (2) In heat exchangers that are possible,
The cover (2) is formed with one flange (3) on the end side, this flange (3) surrounds the cover (2) on the outside, and one channel (7) has a flange ( 3), wherein the flange (3) has a curved portion (8) directed radially outwards, so that the channel (7) is between the cover (2) and the flange (3). In this case, the second medium (6) can be supplied from the supply pipe (5) of the flange (3) to the circulating channel (7), and the opening in the cover (2) ( 9) through the channel (7) to the inner chamber (I) of the cover (2) via the flange (3) for further guiding the first medium into the cover (2) on the front side. ) Is provided with an exhaust gas pipe (4). The openings (9) are a plurality of holes spaced apart from each other, wherein the plurality of holes circulate in the cover (2) and are formed in the region of the channel (7). The heat exchanger according to claim 1. The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of holes have mutually different opening cross sections. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein cross sections of the openings of the plurality of holes spaced apart from each other are formed to increase from the supply pipe (5) in the channel flow direction. 5. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the channel (7) has a varying cross section. 6. A heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the cross section decreases in the flow direction from the supply pipe (5) to the channel (7). In the flow direction of the first medium, a guide thin plate (14) is arranged in the cover (2) following the opening (9). At this time, the guide thin plate (14) is disposed on the heat exchanger pipe (13). The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat exchanger is inserted. 8. A heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide lamina (14) has a central notch (15) for the passage of the second medium (6). In the flow direction of the first medium, a front plate (11) is disposed in front of the opening (9), and the front plate (11) then guides the first medium through. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchanger pipe (13) is inserted. A material-bonded connection is formed between the flange (3) and the cover (2) or between the flange (3) and the outside of the cover (2), the connection being soldered and brazed The heat exchanger according to claim 1, comprising a connection. 11. Channel according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (7) is formed by two circumferentially spaced contact surfaces between the flange (3) and the outside of the cover (2). The heat exchanger according to one item. The heat exchanger according to claim 11, characterized in that the outer sides of the flange (3) and the cover (2) are thermally bonded to each other in a liquid-tight manner.

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