JP6012106B2 - Oil processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil processing apparatus for converting waste such as plastic into oil.

  One method of chemical recycling to produce recycled oil by thermally decomposing waste such as plastic (hereinafter referred to as waste plastic) is called “oilification”. An equipment that produces recycled oil using this method. It is called “oilification processing device”.

  As an example of a conventional oil treatment apparatus, one described in Patent Document 1 (hereinafter referred to as a conventional apparatus) is known. In this conventional apparatus, the thermal decomposition means for thermally decomposing waste plastic is constituted by a heating furnace and a transfer heating member, and the transfer heating member is constituted by a transfer member for transferring waste plastic and a temporary storage heating member. The waste plastic supplied from the supply means is transported while being temporarily stagnated by the temporary storage heating member, and continuously oiled.

  In the paragraph [0040] of the same document, “the heating furnace 6 is provided with a burner 16. The burner 16 burns oil obtained by converting waste plastic into oil, and heats the main body 5A. "...", so "burner type".

  In addition, the thermal decomposition of the conventional apparatus is described in paragraph [0045] of the same document, “When this catalyst member 14 is connected, the thermal decomposition steam sent from the heating pot 5 can be effectively dry-distilled and discharged smoothly. "", So it is a "dry distillation type".

  Furthermore, the waste plastic supply of the conventional apparatus is “continuous”. This is described in paragraph [0050] of the same document as “the supply tube 22 is vertically disposed so that the waste plastic can be dropped and supplied to the thermal decomposition means 1 as shown in FIG. The supply cylinder 22 shown in this figure is connected to a gas shut-off valve 9 in three stages in series.The gas shut-off valve 9 shuts off air and melts the container 4. 10 can be used, and the gas shut-off valve of the apparatus shown in Fig. 10 is composed of an uppermost gate valve 9A and a rotary valve 9B provided in two stages in series therebelow. It is because it is described.

JP-A-5-263079

In the burner type, a sufficient amount of heat cannot be transmitted to the cracking furnace, so that a muddy oil residue is likely to be produced, and this residue is generally only incinerated, which may damage the natural environment.
In the dry distillation method, since heating, cooling, and heating cannot be repeated, it is difficult to separate oil (separation of medium oil, heavy oil, etc.).
Furthermore, the continuous type has an opening at the time of waste plastic charging, so that the gas component during thermal decomposition may flow backward and be discharged from the charging port, and there is a safety vulnerability such as ignition.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil processing apparatus that can easily dispose of residues and separate oil components, and that is sufficiently considered in terms of safety such as ignition.

The invention of claim 1, wherein, in the Yuka processing apparatus for producing a product oil waste plastics by thermal decomposition, Rutotomoni using an electric furnace as a means of the thermal decomposition, the electric furnace was filled with the waste plastic An embodiment for heating a kettle, wherein the kettle is detachable from the electric furnace, and the kettle is attached to the electric furnace and heated by the electric furnace, and the heating Two modes to be attached to the cooling tower later and cooled by the cooling tower, and three modes to be attached to the pot reversing mechanism after the cooling and inclining the pot by the pot reversing mechanism to take out the residue inside the pot. It is possible to use in the oil treatment apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to a second aspect of the invention, further, to claim 1, further comprising a distillation unit for producing a product oil by separating the reclaimed oil from the gas taken out from the pot, which is heated by the electric furnace It is an oil-ized processing apparatus of description.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an oil processing apparatus that can easily dispose of residues and separate an oil component and that is sufficiently considered in terms of safety such as ignition.

It is a whole block diagram of the oil treatment apparatus in embodiment. 1 is an external view of an electric furnace 201. FIG. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a primary distiller 401. It is a connection conceptual diagram of the primary distiller 401, the secondary distiller 402, and the tertiary distiller 403.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an oil treatment apparatus according to an embodiment. In this figure, the oil treatment apparatus 100 is schematically composed of a thermal decomposition section 200, a residue processing section 300, a reclaimed oil purification section 400, an exhaust gas processing section 500, a cooling water supply section 600, and a storage tank section. 700.

The thermal decomposition unit 200 includes an electric furnace 201 having a heating temperature of about 450 to 800 degrees, a thermal decomposition pot 202, a stirring motor 203, and a stirring blade 204.
The residue processing unit 300 includes a cooling tower 301, a treated pot 302, a cooling fan 303, a pot reversing mechanism 304, and a residue accumulation box 305.

  The regenerated oil refining unit 400 includes a primary distiller 401 that oils by a heat treatment of about 140 degrees, a secondary distiller 402 that oils by a heat treatment of about 210 degrees, and oily by a heat treatment of about 210 degrees. A tertiary distiller 403, a safety valve seal pod 404, a first water drain 405, a first cooling pipe 406, an oil-water separator 407, a second water drain 408, and a second cooling pipe 409; Two-stone seal pod 410, third drain 411, third cooling pipe 412, three-stone seal pod 413, fourth drain 414, off-gas seal pod 415, and fifth drain Unit 416, waste water coagulation sedimentation processing unit 417, stirring motor 418, stirring blade 419, scrubber 420, sixth draining unit 421, first backfire preventer 422, vaporizer 423, second Backfire preventer 424 To.

The exhaust gas treatment unit 500 includes an exhaust fan 501, a seed-fire type ignition heater 502, a platinum catalyst 503, a flare stack 504, and an exhaust cylinder 505.
The cooling water supply unit 600 includes a cooler (chiller) 601, a first pump 602, a cooling water tank 603, and a second pump 604.
The storage tank unit 700 includes a two-stone storage tank 701, a two-stone oil pump 702, a two-stone external tank 703, a three-stone storage tank 704, a three-stone oil pump 705, and a three-stone external tank 706. And have.

  Here, in the illustrated oil processing apparatus 100, there are three kettles, that is, a pyrolysis kettle 202 set in the electric furnace 201, a treated kettle 302 set in the cooling tower 301, and a kettle reversing mechanism 304. The set processing pot 302 is shown. If these three kettles are referred to as kettle A, kettle B, and kettle C for convenience, these kettles A to C become pyrolysis kettles 202 in the state of being set in electric furnace 201, respectively, In the set state, it becomes the processed hook 302, and in the state set in the hook reversing mechanism 304, it becomes the processed hook 302 after cooling. That is, the hooks A, B, and C are a plurality of hooks having the same shape, and become the pyrolysis kettle 202, the treated kettle 302, or the treated kettle 302 after cooling depending on where they are set.

  The number of hooks is not limited to the three shown. It is good also as four including the waiting pot before setting to the electric furnace 201. FIG. Alternatively, the number of electric furnaces 201 is one in the illustrated example, but a plurality of electric furnaces 201 may be provided. Any number of electric furnaces 201 can be added as desired. In this case, the number of hooks increases according to the number of electric furnaces 201.

  In this way, by providing a plurality of kettles corresponding to the number of treatments such as pyrolysis, cooling and kettle reversal, put the thing to be treated in advance in the empty kettle during the oil treatment, and use a crane at the end of heat treatment By replacing the kettle of the electric furnace 201, so-called batch processing can be performed to increase processing efficiency. In addition, after the heat treatment, each pot can be replaced with the cooling tower 301 and the pot reversing mechanism 304 for taking out the residue in the pot can be moved, so that the work can be safely performed with a small number of people.

  Moreover, the continuous type of the prior art described at the beginning is dangerous because the inlet is opened even during gasification, and there is a possibility of explosion if the gas is ignited. On the other hand, since the batch processing of this embodiment is a closed type and does not open the kettle until the gasification is completely completed, such danger does not occur at all.

  FIG. 2 is an external view of the electric furnace 201. In this figure, an electric furnace 201 is provided with a plurality of heaters 201 a, 201 b, 201 c, 201 d, 201 e, 201 f at important points in the furnace and on the bottom of the wall surface, respectively. 202 can be uniformly heat-treated at a required temperature (450 to 800 degrees). The number and arrangement of the heaters shown are merely examples. Any number and arrangement of heaters may be used so that the pyrolysis kettle 202 can be uniformly heated with a necessary and sufficient amount of heat.

  Compared to the burner type of the prior art described at the beginning, the electric furnace type of the embodiment can secure a sufficient amount of heat, so that the pyrolysis kettle 202 can be heated sufficiently and contains an excess oil in the residue. The residue can be made into a smooth carbon form. On the other hand, the burner type cannot perform sufficient heating, and oil remains in the residue, resulting in a muddy residue. Since it can be used as a residue, it can be recycled for various purposes.

  FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the primary distiller 401. In this figure, the primary distiller 401 has a heater 401b disposed on the bottom of a box 401a formed of a heat insulating material, and a separation tower 401c disposed on the heater 401b. The separation tower 401c includes a tank 401d, a pyrolysis gas pipe 401e that introduces pyrolysis gas into the tank 401d, a stirrer 401f that stirs the liquid in the tank 401d, and a liquid in the tank 401d. A discharge pipe 401g that discharges to 402, a cylindrical body 401h that protrudes from the upper portion of the tank 401d, a rectifying plate 401i that is provided below the cylindrical body 401h, and a substantially middle portion of the cylindrical body 401h. The band heater 401j provided in the unit, the one stone collecting funnel 401k and one stone pod 401m provided in the upper part of the cylindrical body 401h, and the liquid accumulated in the one stone pod 401m are discharged to the first cooling pipe 406. A discharge pipe 401n, a valve 401o for opening and closing the discharge pipe 401n, and a shell and tube attached to the upper end of the tubular body 401h. Having a cooler 401p of the probe type, and a discharge pipe 401q for discharging the gas that has been cooled by the cooler 401p in offgas seal pod 415.

  FIG. 4 is a connection conceptual diagram of the primary distiller 401, the secondary distiller 402, and the tertiary distiller 403. The primary distiller 401 separates 1 stone and off-gas from the pyrolysis gas, and the secondary distiller 402 separates 2 stones and 3 stones. The tertiary distiller 403 is a distiller for separating the remainder that could not be liquefied by the secondary distiller 402.

The operation method of the oil treatment apparatus 100 of the embodiment is generally as follows.
First, the lid of the empty kettle (the pyrolysis kettle 202 before being set in the electric furnace 201) is opened with a hoist. Next, after filling the empty pot with waste plastic, the lid is closed. At this time, the lid is held down by a clamp or the like so that the lid does not open carelessly.

  Next, the pot filled with waste plastic (pyrolysis pot 202) is set in the electric furnace 201, and heating of the pyrolysis pot 202 by the electric furnace 201 is started. When the internal pressure of the pyrolysis kettle 202 increases, the water level in the off-gas seal pod 415 starts to fluctuate. This means that the waste plastic has melted and gas (pyrolysis gas) has come out.

  The pyrolysis gas is separated into a gas equivalent to kerosene and gasoline component oil in the primary distiller 401. The gasoline component oil enters the oil / water separator 407 and is divided into moisture and oil. The gasoline component oil is sent to the vaporizer 423, and the gas component is heated and burned in the flare stack 505.

  The heavy oil equivalent oil accumulated in the primary distiller 401 is sent to the secondary distiller 402 due to overflow and separated into kerosene equivalent oil and vaporized gas. After the kerosene equivalent oil is cooled in the second cooling pipe 409, 2 It is collected in the external stone tank 703.

  Gas discharged from the upper part of the primary distiller 401 (gas that becomes liquid in the minus region, such as butane and methane) is washed with water by the off-gas seal pod 415 and the scrubber 420 to remove dust, and the first flashback prevention device. After passing through 422, it is burned in the exhaust gas treatment unit 500 and purified by the platinum catalyst 503.

  The kerosene-equivalent gas that could not be recovered by the secondary distiller 402 is again fractionated by the tertiary distiller 403, and the kerosene-equivalent oil is recovered in the indoor tank (two-stone storage tank 701). Other heavy oil equivalent oil is stored in the indoor tank (three-stone storage tank 704) by overflow.

  The oil accumulated in the indoor oil tank (two-stone storage tank 701, three-stone storage tank 704) is sent to the outdoor oil tank (two-stone external tank 703, three-stone external tank 706) by a pump.

  When the plastic inside the pyrolysis kettle 202 is melted after about 1 to 2 hours from the start of operation, the stirring motor 203 can be operated. When the agitation motor 203 is turned on, the agitation blades 204 rotate in a certain direction or rotate forward / reversely. This agitation promotes oiling, and the residue also becomes a sand-like carbon state with no stickiness. Collection becomes easy.

  The pressure gauge / gas outlet temperature drops near the end of one batch of operation. If the input amount is managed, the target of the approximate operation time of one batch can be understood. If the temperature information is recorded, the operation time can be calculated, the operation status can be grasped, and the record at the time of abnormality can be analyzed based on the weight and the input product.

  When the oil conversion operation is completed, the electric furnace 201 is turned off, the treated kettle 302 is set in the cooling tower 301, and the cooling fan 303 is turned on. Cool until the internal temperature of the treated kettle 302 is below approximately 100 ° C.

  After the cooling is completed, the treated pot 302 is moved to the pot reversing mechanism 304, and the treated pot 302 is tilted to scrape the internal residue.

  By repeating the above operation, waste plastics for a total of 3 kettles can be processed in 3 batches per day in at least one electric furnace 201.

  When the temperature is raised in the primary distiller 401, naphtha gasoline is first produced (from 100 ° C. or higher). The temperature of the pyrolysis kettle 202 starts gasification from 400 ° C. and rises to 800 ° C. The oilification is completed at 120 ° C. to 350 ° C., but in order to completely remove the oil component remaining in the residue, it is necessary to raise the temperature further. When the temperature is raised to about 800 ° C., the residue becomes carbon and the disposal (or recycling) of the residue becomes easy.

  The conventional oil making apparatus can process only plastic, but since the oil treatment apparatus 100 of the embodiment is an oil making / carbonizing apparatus, processing other than plastic is also possible. For example, a metal mixed plastic (a mobile phone, a confectionery bag with aluminum affixed to the inside, a bank card, or the like) leaves a metal in the residue, but according to the oil treatment apparatus 100 of the embodiment. Not only can plastics be taken out as oil, but metal residues can be taken out by mixing with carbon and others, and can be reused as metal after separation.

In addition, although oil cannot be removed, processing can be performed without touching anyone's hands when applied to processing confidential documents or data storage media.
Also, plastic that cannot be processed by container and packaging recycling can be processed without being burned or buried.

  The power source of the electric furnace 201 can be handled not only by a commercial power source but also by private power generation. In the case of in-house power generation, the cost of electricity can be saved by moving the generator with the regenerated oil produced by the oil processing apparatus 100 of the embodiment.

  In addition, as the purchase price of kerosene and heavy fuel oil A soars, the sales of recycled oil has a high social contribution, and the degree of attention of this device is immeasurable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Oil processing apparatus 201 Electric furnace 202 Pyrolysis pot (pot)
401 Primary distiller

Claims (2)

In Yuka processing apparatus for producing a product oil waste plastics by thermal decomposition, Rutotomoni using an electric furnace as a means of the thermal decomposition,
The electric furnace heats a pot filled with the waste plastic, and the pot is detachable from the electric furnace.
And the pot is
One aspect mounted on the electric furnace and heated in the electric furnace;
Two aspects that are mounted on a cooling tower after the heating and cooled by the cooling tower;
An oil processing apparatus that can be used in the third aspect in which the hook is attached to the hook reversing mechanism after cooling and the hook is tilted by the hook reversing mechanism to remove the residue inside the pot . Furthermore, Yuka processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a distillation unit for producing a product oil by separating the reclaimed oil from the gas taken out from the pot, which is heated by the electric furnace.

Images