JP6018965B2 - Foreign body capture device in body cavity - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、管状器官等の人体の体腔内に生成された異物を捕捉するための、体腔内の異物捕捉具に関する。 The present invention relates to a foreign body capturing tool in a body cavity for capturing a foreign body generated in a body cavity of a human body such as a tubular organ.
胆管、膵管、尿管、血管等の管状器官や、その他の人体の体腔内には、胆石や膵石、血栓等の異物が生成されることがあった。そのため、このような異物を捕捉して体腔内から取り除くことが行われている。 Foreign bodies such as gallstones, pancreatic stones, and blood clots may be generated in tubular organs such as bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, ureters, blood vessels, and other body cavities. For this reason, such foreign substances are captured and removed from the body cavity.
例えば、下記特許文献1には、チューブと、該チューブ内に挿通されるワイヤと、金属線材を編み組みして筒状に形成され、その基端部を束ねてチューブ先端部に連結されると共に、先端部を束ねてワイヤ先端部に連結されたバスケットと、チューブの基端部を保持すると共に、ワイヤの基端部をチューブに対して相対移動可能に保持するハンドル部とを備えた管状器官の治療具が記載されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a tube, a wire inserted into the tube, and a metal wire are braided to form a cylindrical shape, and its proximal end is bundled and connected to the distal end of the tube. A tubular organ comprising a basket that is bound to the distal end portion of the wire by bundling the distal end portion, and a handle portion that holds the proximal end portion of the tube and that holds the proximal end portion of the wire relative to the tube. The treatment tool is described.
前記バスケットは、その先端部側が複数の金属線材からなるメッシュ状をなしていると共に、基端部側において、金属線材が複数本ずつ束ねられて複数の集束部が形成され、これらの集束部がチューブの先端部に接合されて、集束部どうしの間に開口部が形成されている。 The basket has a mesh shape with a plurality of metal wires on the tip side, and a plurality of metal wires are bundled on the base end side to form a plurality of converging portions. Joined to the tip of the tube, an opening is formed between the converging parts.
そして、上記治療具の実際の使用に際しては、バスケットを縮径した状態でカテーテル先端内に収容して、同カテーテルを介して治療具を胆管等の体腔内に挿入し、所定位置でカテーテル先端からバスケットを突出させて、体腔内の異物を超えた位置までバスケットを移送し、その位置でハンドル部を操作してワイヤを手元側に引張ってバスケットを拡径させることで、バスケットの基端部側の開口部から異物を受け入れて、先端部側のメッシュ部分で異物が捕捉されるようになっている。 In actual use of the treatment device, the basket is stored in the distal end of the catheter with a reduced diameter, and the treatment device is inserted into a body cavity such as a bile duct via the catheter, and is inserted from the distal end of the catheter at a predetermined position. By projecting the basket and transferring the basket to a position beyond the foreign body in the body cavity, operating the handle at that position and pulling the wire toward the proximal side expands the diameter of the basket. The foreign matter is received from the opening of the first and the foreign matter is captured by the mesh portion on the tip side.
その後、治療具を手元側に引張って、バスケットを十二指腸等の管状器官の大径部分まで移動させ、その部分でハンドル部を操作して、バスケットの拡径・縮径動作を適宜繰り返すことで、バスケットの基端部側の開口部から異物が排出されるようになっている。 After that, by pulling the treatment tool toward the hand side, the basket is moved to the large diameter part of the tubular organ such as the duodenum, and the handle part is operated at that part, and the diameter expansion / contraction operation of the basket is repeated as appropriate. Foreign matter is discharged from the opening on the base end side of the basket.
上記特許文献1の場合、複数の金属線材が、バスケットの先端部側で、編み組みされてメッシュ状をなしている。しかしながら、メッシュを形成する金属線材は、バスケットの基端部側において、複数本ずつ束ねて集束部とされ、更にこれら複数の集束部の基端部が、チューブ先端部に接合されているので、バスケットを拡径させたときに、集束部どうしの間の開口幅が狭いというデメリットがあった。 In the case of the above-mentioned patent document 1, a plurality of metal wires are braided on the tip end side of the basket to form a mesh shape. However, the metal wire forming the mesh is bundled by a plurality on the base end side of the basket to form a converging portion, and further, the base end portions of the plurality of converging portions are joined to the tube distal end portion. When the basket was expanded in diameter, there was a demerit that the opening width between the converging parts was narrow.
そのため、バスケットを拡径して、基端部側の開口部を通して異物を捕捉する場合に、大きな異物を捕捉しにくく、また、開口部から異物を排出しにくいという不都合があった。更に、バスケットが複数の金属線材から形成されているので、捕捉された異物が網目に詰まって排出できなくなったり、バスケットの剛性が比較的高く変形しにくいため、管状器官等の体腔の内周にバスケット外周が密着しにくく、バスケット外周と体腔内周との間を異物が通過して、バスケットで異物を捕捉しきれない場合があった。 Therefore, when the basket is enlarged in diameter and foreign matter is captured through the opening on the base end side, there is a problem that it is difficult to capture large foreign matter and it is difficult to discharge the foreign matter from the opening. Furthermore, since the basket is formed from a plurality of metal wires, the trapped foreign matter is clogged and cannot be discharged, or the basket is relatively rigid and difficult to deform. In some cases, the outer periphery of the basket is difficult to adhere, and foreign matter passes between the outer periphery of the basket and the inner periphery of the body cavity, and the foreign matter cannot be completely captured by the basket.
したがって、本発明の目的は、管状器官等の体腔の内周にバスケットを密着しやすくして異物の捕捉性を高めると共に、大きな異物でも捕捉することができ、更に捕捉した異物をバスケットから容易に排出することができる、体腔内の異物捕捉具を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to make it easier to closely attach a basket to the inner periphery of a body cavity such as a tubular organ, thereby enhancing the trapping ability of foreign matter, and also capable of catching large foreign matter. An object of the present invention is to provide a foreign body capturing device in a body cavity that can be discharged.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の体腔内の異物捕捉具は、チューブと、該チューブ内に挿通された操作ワイヤと、前記チューブの先端部に基端部を連結され、前記操作ワイヤの先端部に先端部を連結され、前記操作ワイヤが所定の操作位置にあるとき、放射状に広がる複数の骨格線材と、前記複数の骨格線材に外周を固定され、中心部に前記操作ワイヤが挿通され、前記複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がった状態で、基端部側が開口して異物を捕捉可能なバスケット形状をなす樹脂製のカバーとを備え、前記複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がった状態で、前記各骨格線材の前記カバーが固定された部分より先端部側には、前記カバーの先端部側の外側面に近接する凹状湾曲部が設けられており、前記操作ワイヤを前記チューブに対して更に基端部側に引くと、前記骨格線材の凹状湾曲部が、前記カバーの先端部側の外側面を押すように構成されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a foreign body capturing tool in a body cavity of the present invention comprises a tube, an operation wire inserted into the tube, a proximal end portion connected to the distal end portion of the tube, and a distal end of the operation wire. When the operation wire is in a predetermined operation position, the outer periphery is fixed to the plurality of skeleton wires and the outer periphery is fixed to the plurality of skeleton wires, and the operation wire is inserted into the center portion. In a state where the plurality of skeletal wire rods are radially spread, the base end side is open and a resin cover having a basket shape capable of catching foreign matters, and the plurality of skeleton wire rods are radially spread, A concave curved portion adjacent to the outer surface on the distal end side of the cover is provided on the distal end side of the portion of the skeleton wire rod to which the cover is fixed, and the operation wire is further connected to the tube. Base Pulling on the side, a concave curvature of the backbone wire, characterized in that it is configured to press the outer surface of the distal end portion side of the cover.
本発明に係る体腔内の異物捕捉具においては、前記複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がった状態で、前記各骨格線材の前記カバーが固定された部分より先端部側は、先端部側に突出して基端部側に戻る凸状湾曲部と、基端部側に戻って再び先端部側に突出する凹状湾曲部とが設けられ、全体としてS字状に湾曲していることが好ましい。 In the foreign body capturing tool in the body cavity according to the present invention, in a state where the plurality of skeletal wires spread radially, the distal end side protrudes toward the distal end side from the portion where the cover of each skeletal wire is fixed. It is preferable that a convex curved portion that returns to the proximal end portion side and a concave curved portion that returns to the proximal end portion side and protrudes toward the distal end portion side again are provided, and is curved in an S shape as a whole.
本発明に係る体腔内の異物捕捉具においては、前記カバーは、ポリウレタンから形成されており、その厚さが2〜200μmとされていることが好ましい。 In the foreign body capturing tool in a body cavity according to the present invention, the cover is preferably made of polyurethane and has a thickness of 2 to 200 μm.
本発明によれば、操作ワイヤが所定の操作位置にあるとき、複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がり、樹脂製のカバーが広がってバスケット形状をなすようにしたので、比較的軟らかいカバーの周縁が体腔の内周に密着して、異物の捕捉性を高めることができる。また、カバーを広げたときの開口を大きくして、大きな胆石などの異物でも捕捉しやすくすることができる。 According to the present invention, when the operation wire is in a predetermined operation position, the plurality of skeletal wires spread radially and the resin cover spreads to form a basket shape, so that the peripheral edge of the relatively soft cover is the body cavity. It is possible to improve the trapping property of the foreign matter by closely adhering to the inner periphery of the material. Moreover, the opening when the cover is expanded can be enlarged so that foreign objects such as large gallstones can be easily captured.
更に、その状態で操作ワイヤをチューブに対して更に基端部側に引くと、骨格線材の凹状湾曲部が、カバーの先端部側の外側面を押すように構成されているので、カバー内に捕捉された胆石等の異物をカバーの基端部側の開口部から押し出すことができ、捕捉して取り出した異物を容易に排出することができる。 Further, when the operation wire is further pulled toward the proximal end side with respect to the tube in this state, the concave curved portion of the skeletal wire is configured to push the outer surface on the distal end side of the cover. The trapped foreign matter such as gallstones can be pushed out from the opening on the base end side of the cover, and the trapped foreign matter can be easily discharged.
以下、図1〜11を参照して、本発明に係る体腔内の異物捕捉具の一実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-11, one Embodiment of the foreign material trap in the body cavity which concerns on this invention is described.
図1に示すように、この実施形態における体腔内の異物捕捉具10(以下、「異物捕捉具10」という)は、チューブ15と、このチューブ15内に挿通された操作ワイヤ20と、チューブ15の先端部に基端部31を連結され、操作ワイヤ20の先端部に先端部32を連結され、操作ワイヤ20が所定の操作位置にあるとき、放射状に広がる複数の骨格線材30と、複数の骨格線材30に外周を固定され、中心部に操作ワイヤ20が挿通され、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、基端部側が開口して異物G(図8参照)を捕捉可能なバスケット形状をなす樹脂製のカバー40と、前記チューブ15を収容する筒状のシース45と、このシース45の基端部に装着され、前記操作ワイヤ20を押し引き操作する操作具50とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a foreign body capturing tool 10 (hereinafter referred to as “foreign body capturing tool 10”) in a body cavity in this embodiment includes a tube 15, an operation wire 20 inserted into the tube 15, and a tube 15. When the operation wire 20 is in a predetermined operation position, the base end portion 31 is connected to the distal end portion of the operation wire 20, and the plurality of skeletal wire rods 30 that spread radially when the operation wire 20 is in a predetermined operation position, The outer periphery is fixed to the skeletal wire 30, the operation wire 20 is inserted in the center, and the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially, the base end side is opened and the foreign matter G (see FIG. 8) can be captured. A basket-shaped resin cover 40, a cylindrical sheath 45 that accommodates the tube 15, and an operation tool 50 that is attached to the base end portion of the sheath 45 and pushes and pulls the operation wire 20. To have.
この実施形態の場合、前記チューブ15は円筒状をなしている。そして、このチューブ15内に挿通される操作ワイヤ20は、チューブ15よりも長く伸び、チューブ15内に挿通された状態で、チューブ15の先端から所定長さ突出すると共に、基端からも所定長さ突出している。よって、操作ワイヤ20の基端部を押し引き操作することによって、操作ワイヤ20の先端部の、チューブ15先端からの突出長さを変化させることが可能となっている。 In this embodiment, the tube 15 has a cylindrical shape. The operation wire 20 inserted into the tube 15 extends longer than the tube 15 and protrudes a predetermined length from the distal end of the tube 15 while being inserted into the tube 15 and also has a predetermined length from the proximal end. Protruding. Therefore, by pushing and pulling the proximal end portion of the operation wire 20, the protruding length of the distal end portion of the operation wire 20 from the distal end of the tube 15 can be changed.
なお、上記のチューブ15又は操作ワイヤ20は、例えば、ステンレス、Ta、Ti、Pt、Au、Wや、Ni−Ti系合金、Co−Cr系合金、Co−Cr−Ni系合金、Cu−Zn−X(X=Al,Fe等)合金、Ni−Ti−X(X=Fe,Cu,V,Co等)合金等の形状記憶合金などから形成されている。なお、チューブ15としては、例えば、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ナイロン等のポリアミド系樹脂、ポリウレタン、フッ素系樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリイミド系樹脂などの合成樹脂チューブも用いることもできる。 The tube 15 or the operation wire 20 includes, for example, stainless steel, Ta, Ti, Pt, Au, W, Ni—Ti alloy, Co—Cr alloy, Co—Cr—Ni alloy, Cu—Zn. It is formed from a shape memory alloy such as a -X (X = Al, Fe, etc.) alloy, a Ni-Ti-X (X = Fe, Cu, V, Co, etc.) alloy, or the like. As the tube 15, for example, a synthetic resin tube such as a polyolefin resin, a polyamide resin such as nylon, a polyurethane, a fluorine resin, a polyether ether ketone, or a polyimide resin can be used.
図1及び図2に示すように、前記骨格線材30は、前記チューブ15及びその先端から突出される操作ワイヤ20の外周に、均等な間隔を設けて複数本(この実施形態では3本)配置されている。なお、骨格線材30は、2〜8本であることが好ましく、3〜5本であることがより好ましい。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of the skeleton wire rods 30 (three in this embodiment) are arranged on the outer periphery of the tube 15 and the operation wire 20 protruding from the tip thereof with an equal interval. Has been. The number of skeleton wires 30 is preferably 2 to 8, and more preferably 3 to 5.
複数の骨格線材30の各基端部31は、前記チューブ15の先端部外周にそれぞれ配置され、その外周に配置された筒状の連結部材18をカシメることで、チューブ15の先端部外周にそれぞれ連結されている。一方、複数の骨格線材30の各先端部32は、操作ワイヤ20の先端部外周に配置され、その外周に配置された筒状の連結部材21をカシメることで、操作ワイヤ20の先端部外周にそれぞれ連結されている。 Each base end portion 31 of each of the plurality of skeleton wires 30 is disposed on the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the tube 15, and the cylindrical connecting member 18 disposed on the outer periphery thereof is caulked to thereby form an outer periphery of the distal end portion of the tube 15. Each is connected. On the other hand, each distal end portion 32 of the plurality of skeleton wires 30 is disposed on the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the operation wire 20, and the outer peripheral portion of the distal end portion of the operation wire 20 is caulked by the cylindrical connecting member 21 disposed on the outer periphery thereof. Respectively.
なお、各骨格線材30の基端部31及び先端部32は、接着剤や、ロウ付け、はんだ付け、紐状体等によって、チューブ15の先端部や操作ワイヤ20の先端部に連結してもよく、特に限定されない。 The base end portion 31 and the distal end portion 32 of each skeleton wire rod 30 may be connected to the distal end portion of the tube 15 or the distal end portion of the operation wire 20 by an adhesive, brazing, soldering, string-like body, or the like. Well, not particularly limited.
図3〜6に示すように、複数の骨格線材30は、操作ワイヤ20の操作位置によって、引き伸ばされて縮径した状態から(図3及び図5参照)、放射状に広がった状態(図4及び図6参照)に変化するようになっている。また、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、各骨格線材30の最外周に相当する部分に、樹脂製のカバー40が固定されている。なお、骨格線材30とカバー40との固定は、例えば、接着剤、ロウ付け、はんだ付け、紐状体による縫着や、カバー40を射出成形したときに、カバー40に骨格線材30を埋設させる等の手段で行うことができる。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the plurality of skeleton wires 30 are radially expanded from a state where the skeleton wire rods 30 are stretched and reduced in diameter depending on the operation position of the operation wire 20 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). (See FIG. 6). In addition, a resin cover 40 is fixed to a portion corresponding to the outermost periphery of each skeleton wire 30 in a state where the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially. The skeleton wire 30 and the cover 40 are fixed by, for example, bonding the skeleton wire 30 to the cover 40 when an adhesive, brazing, soldering, sewing with a string-like body, or when the cover 40 is injection-molded. Or the like.
また、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、各骨格線材30の、カバー40が固定された部分33(以下、「固定部33」)より先端部側は、固定部33から先端部32側に突出した後、基端部31側に戻る凸状湾曲部34と、該凸状湾曲部34から基端部31側に戻った後、再び先端部32側に突出し、カバー40の先端部側の外側面に近接する凹状湾曲部35とが設けられ、全体としてS字状に湾曲した形状をなしている。 Further, in a state where the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially, the distal end side of the portion 33 (hereinafter, “fixed portion 33”) of each skeleton wire 30 to which the cover 40 is fixed is connected to the distal end portion from the fixed portion 33. A convex curved portion 34 that returns to the proximal end 31 side after projecting to the 32 end side, and returns to the proximal end portion 31 side from the convex curved portion 34 and then projects again to the distal end portion 32 side, and the distal end of the cover 40 A concave curved portion 35 that is close to the outer surface on the part side is provided, and has a shape that is curved in an S shape as a whole.
各骨格線材30は、例えば、Ni−Ti系合金、Co−Cr系合金、Co−Cr−Ni系合金、Cu−Zn−X(X=Al,Fe等)合金、Ni−Ti−X(X=Fe,Cu,V,Co等)合金等の形状記憶合金や、ステンレス、Ta、Ti、Pt、Au、Wなどから形成されており、その中でも、形状記憶合金から形成されていることが好ましい。 Each skeletal wire 30 includes, for example, a Ni—Ti alloy, a Co—Cr alloy, a Co—Cr—Ni alloy, a Cu—Zn—X (X = Al, Fe, etc.) alloy, Ni—Ti—X (X = Fe, Cu, V, Co, etc.) formed from a shape memory alloy such as an alloy, stainless steel, Ta, Ti, Pt, Au, W, etc. Among them, it is preferable to be formed from a shape memory alloy. .
そして、各骨格線材30は、上記のように、放射状に広がると共に、凸状湾曲部34及び凹状湾曲部35を有するS字状に湾曲した形状に、予め付形されていることが好ましい。また、各骨格線材30として形状記憶合金を用い、上記形状に形状記憶処理しておくことがより好ましい。 Each skeleton wire 30 is preferably preliminarily shaped into a S-shaped shape having a convex curved portion 34 and a concave curved portion 35 as well as radially spreading as described above. Moreover, it is more preferable to use a shape memory alloy as each skeleton wire 30 and to perform shape memory processing to the above shape.
図1及び図6(a)に示すように、樹脂製のカバー40は、複数の骨格線材30の前記固定部33にて外周を固定され、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、基端部側が開口して異物G(図8参照)を捕捉可能なバスケット形状をなす。この実施形態の場合、先端部側が閉塞した曲面状をなすと共に、基端部側に向けて緩やかに湾曲しつつ次第に広がり、基端部側が開口した略ドーム形状となっている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 (a), the resin cover 40 is fixed at the outer periphery by the fixing portions 33 of the plurality of skeleton wires 30, and the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially. The base end side opens to form a basket shape that can catch foreign matter G (see FIG. 8). In the case of this embodiment, it has a curved surface shape in which the distal end side is closed, and gradually expands while gradually curving toward the proximal end side, and has a substantially dome shape with the proximal end side opened.
更に、カバー40の先端部の中心部には、図示しない挿通孔が形成されており、この挿通孔に前記操作ワイヤ20が挿通されると共に、同操作ワイヤ20の外周に配置された一対の固定部材41,41が、カバー40の先端部を挟持するように、図示しない挿通孔の表側周縁及び裏面側周縁に配置されて、カシメや、接着剤、ロウ付け、はんだ付け等により固定されている。 Further, an insertion hole (not shown) is formed at the center of the front end portion of the cover 40, and the operation wire 20 is inserted into the insertion hole and a pair of fixings disposed on the outer periphery of the operation wire 20. The members 41, 41 are arranged on the front side periphery and the back side periphery of an insertion hole (not shown) so as to sandwich the tip of the cover 40 and are fixed by caulking, adhesive, brazing, soldering, or the like. .
また、このカバー40は、操作ワイヤ20の操作によって、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がって拡径したときに、それに伴って拡径してバスケット状に広がって、基端側開口が大きく開き(図4及び図6参照)、複数の骨格線材30が引き伸ばされて縮径したときに、それに伴って縮径して基端側開口が閉じるようになっている(図3及び図5参照)。 In addition, when the plurality of skeletal wires 30 are radially expanded and expanded by the operation of the operation wire 20, the cover 40 expands and expands in a basket shape accordingly, and the proximal end side opening is greatly opened. (Refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6) When the plurality of skeletal wire rods 30 are stretched to reduce the diameter, the diameter is reduced accordingly and the proximal end side opening is closed (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 5). .
更に、このカバー40は、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がったときにバスケット状をなすと共に、その外周が、複数の骨格線材30の軸方向途中の固定部33に部分的に固定され、その先端部の中心部は、固定部材41,41により操作ワイヤ20に固定されている。そのため、カバー40の開口部側には、複数の骨格線材30だけが配置されることになり、異物Gや流体が通過可能な大きな開口部をなしている。 Further, the cover 40 has a basket shape when the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially, and the outer periphery thereof is partially fixed to the fixing portion 33 in the middle of the plurality of skeleton wires 30 in the axial direction. The central portion of the distal end portion is fixed to the operation wire 20 by fixing members 41 and 41. Therefore, only the plurality of skeleton wires 30 are disposed on the opening side of the cover 40, and a large opening through which foreign matter G and fluid can pass is formed.
上記カバー40の材質としては、例えば、ポリエーテル系ポリウレタン、ポリエステル系ポリウレタン、ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタン、ポリカブロラクトン系ポリウレタン等のポリウレタンや、ポリウレタンエラストマー、ナイロン、ナイロンエラストマー、ポリブタジエン等のオレフィン系エラストマー、スチレン系エラストマー、シリコーン、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンなどが採用でき、その中でもポリウレタンが好ましく採用される。 Examples of the material of the cover 40 include polyurethane such as polyether polyurethane, polyester polyurethane, polycarbonate polyurethane, and polycabrolactone polyurethane, olefin elastomer such as polyurethane elastomer, nylon, nylon elastomer, and polybutadiene, and styrene. Elastomers, silicones, polyimide resins, polyether ketones, polyether ether ketones and the like can be employed, and among them, polyurethane is preferably employed.
また、カバー40の厚さは、2〜200μmであることが好ましく、5〜100μmであることがより好ましい。カバー40の厚さが、2μm未満だと、カバー40を拡径又は縮径させたときに破れやすくなり、200μmを超えると、柔軟性に乏しく体腔内周に密接させにくくなり(図9参照)、異物Gの捕捉性能が低下する。 Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of the cover 40 is 2-200 micrometers, and it is more preferable that it is 5-100 micrometers. If the thickness of the cover 40 is less than 2 μm, the cover 40 is easily broken when the diameter of the cover 40 is expanded or reduced, and if it exceeds 200 μm, the flexibility is poor and it is difficult to closely contact the inner periphery of the body cavity (see FIG. 9). The trapping performance of the foreign matter G is lowered.
上記カバー40は、例えば、複数の骨格線材30を金型に予めセットした状態で、ポリマー溶液をキャスティングしたり、複数の骨格線材30を金型にセットして、ポリマー溶液にディッピングしたりすること等によって形成することができる。
また、この実施形態におけるカバー40は、略ドーム形状をなしているが、この形状に限定されず、例えば、円錐形状や、角錐形状、籠状等をなしていてもよく、先端側が閉塞すると共に基端側が開口して異物Gを補足可能なバスケット形状であればよい。更に、カバー40には、異物が通過しない、流体流通用の微小な孔を複数設けてよい。
The cover 40 is, for example, casted with a polymer solution in a state where a plurality of skeleton wires 30 are set in advance in a mold, or set a plurality of skeleton wires 30 in a mold and dipped into the polymer solution. Etc. can be formed.
Further, the cover 40 in this embodiment has a substantially dome shape, but is not limited to this shape. For example, the cover 40 may have a conical shape, a pyramid shape, a bowl shape, etc. Any basket may be used as long as the proximal end is open and the foreign matter G can be captured. Further, the cover 40 may be provided with a plurality of minute holes for fluid circulation through which foreign matter does not pass.
この実施形態の場合、チューブ15の外周には、更にシース45が配置されている。図5,6に示すように、シース45は、第1ルーメン46及び第2ルーメン47を有しており、第1ルーメン46に前記チューブ15が挿通される一方、シース45の基端部外周に形成されたガイドワイヤ挿通部48(図1参照)を通じて、第2ルーメン47内に、ガイドワイヤ1(図7参照)を挿通可能となっている。 In the case of this embodiment, a sheath 45 is further arranged on the outer periphery of the tube 15. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the sheath 45 has a first lumen 46 and a second lumen 47, and the tube 15 is inserted through the first lumen 46, while the sheath 45 has a proximal end outer periphery. The guide wire 1 (see FIG. 7) can be inserted into the second lumen 47 through the formed guide wire insertion portion 48 (see FIG. 1).
上記操作ワイヤ20を押し引き操作する操作具50は、図1、図3及び図4に示すように、前記チューブ15の基端部が接続された筒状の本体51と、該本体51の先端部外周にスライド可能に装着され、前記シース45の基端部が接続されたシース操作部52と、本体51の基部側にスライド可能に装着され、前記操作ワイヤ20の基端部に接続されたワイヤ操作部53とから主として構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the operation tool 50 that pushes and pulls the operation wire 20 includes a cylindrical main body 51 to which the proximal end portion of the tube 15 is connected, and a distal end of the main body 51. A sheath operating portion 52 slidably mounted on the outer periphery of the unit and connected to the base end of the main body 51 and a sheath operating unit 52 connected to the base end of the sheath 45 and connected to the base end of the operation wire 20 The wire operation unit 53 is mainly configured.
図3(a)に示すように、シース操作部52を本体51に対して先端側にスライドさせた状態では、チューブ15と、その先端から突出する操作ワイヤ20と、カバー40とが縮径された状態でシース45内に収容されるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 3A, in a state where the sheath operation portion 52 is slid toward the distal end side with respect to the main body 51, the tube 15, the operation wire 20 protruding from the distal end, and the cover 40 are reduced in diameter. In such a state, it is accommodated in the sheath 45.
そして、図3(b)に示すように、シース操作部52を、本体51に対して基端側にスライドさせると、チューブ15と、その先端から突出する操作ワイヤ20と、カバー40とがシース45の先端部から突出するようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 3B, when the sheath operating portion 52 is slid to the proximal end side with respect to the main body 51, the tube 15, the operation wire 20 protruding from the distal end, and the cover 40 are sheathed. It protrudes from the tip of 45.
また、図3(a)、(b)に示すように、ワイヤ操作部53を、本体51に対して先端側にスライドさせた状態では、チューブ15に対して操作ワイヤ20が押出され、各骨格線材30が伸ばされて縮径すると共に、カバー40は縮径して折り畳まれた状態になっている。 In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, in a state where the wire operation portion 53 is slid to the distal end side with respect to the main body 51, the operation wire 20 is pushed out with respect to the tube 15, and each skeleton The wire 30 is stretched and contracted, and the cover 40 is contracted and folded.
そして、図4(a)に示すように、ワイヤ操作部53を、本体51に対してやや基部側にスライドさせると、操作ワイヤ20が引張られて、図6(a)に示すように、各骨格線材30が放射状に広がり、カバー40がバスケット形状に広がるようになっている。 Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the wire operation portion 53 is slid slightly toward the base side with respect to the main body 51, the operation wire 20 is pulled, and as shown in FIG. The skeletal wire 30 spreads radially, and the cover 40 spreads in a basket shape.
更に、図4(b)に示すように、ワイヤ操作部53を、本体51に対して更に基部側にスライドさせると、操作ワイヤ20が更に引張られて、図6(b)に示すように、各骨格線材30の凹状湾曲部35が、カバー40の先端側の外側面を押して、カバー40が偏平に押し潰された形状になるようにされている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the wire operation portion 53 is further slid toward the base side with respect to the main body 51, the operation wire 20 is further pulled, and as shown in FIG. The concave curved portion 35 of each skeleton wire rod 30 is configured to push the outer surface on the tip side of the cover 40 so that the cover 40 is flattened.
なお、上記のように、カバー40が偏平に押し潰された状態(図6(b)参照)から、ワイヤ操作部53を、本体51に対して更に基部側にスライドさせることで、操作ワイヤ20が更に引張られて、各骨格線材30の凹状湾曲部35によって、カバー40の先端側の外面側が更に押圧されて反対側にひっくり返るように変形して、カバー40は、基端部側が閉塞し先端部側が開口したドーム形状となる。 As described above, the operation wire 20 is further slid to the base side with respect to the main body 51 from the state in which the cover 40 is flattened (see FIG. 6B). Is further pulled, and the outer curved surface side of the cover 40 is further pressed by the concave curved portion 35 of each skeleton wire rod 30 so that the cover 40 is turned over to the opposite side. It becomes the dome shape which the part side opened.
次に上記構成からなる本発明の異物捕捉具10の使用方法の一例について説明する。 Next, an example of a method for using the foreign material capturing tool 10 of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described.
図7に示すように、この実施形態の異物捕捉具10は、人体の体腔、例えば、胆管や、膵管、尿管、気管、脳内血管、胸部大動脈、腹部大動脈等の血管等の、管状器官V2に生成された胆石等の異物Gを捕捉して、比較的内径の大きな十二指腸等の管状器官V1まで移動させて、排出するために用いられる。また、この異物捕捉具10の適用箇所は特に限定されないが、特に、胆管内の胆石や、膵管内の膵石を排出する際に好適に用いることができる。。 As shown in FIG. 7, a foreign body capturing device 10 of this embodiment is a tubular organ such as a body cavity of a human body, for example, a bile duct, a pancreatic duct, a ureter, a trachea, a blood vessel in a brain, a blood vessel such as a thoracic aorta or an abdominal aorta. It is used for capturing foreign matter G such as gallstones generated in V2, moving it to a tubular organ V1 such as a duodenum having a relatively large inner diameter, and discharging it. Moreover, although the application location of this foreign material capture | acquisition tool 10 is not specifically limited, It can use suitably, especially when discharging | emitting a gallstone in a bile duct and a pancreatic stone in a pancreatic duct. .
この異物捕捉具10の使用に際しては、まず、図3(b)及び図5(b)に示すように、操作具50のワイヤ操作部53を本体51に対して先端側にスライドさせて、チューブ15に対して操作ワイヤ20を押出すことにより、複数の骨格線材30及びカバー40を縮径させる。 When using the foreign object capturing tool 10, first, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 5B, the wire operating portion 53 of the operating tool 50 is slid toward the distal end side with respect to the main body 51, and the tube The plurality of skeleton wires 30 and the cover 40 are reduced in diameter by extruding the operation wire 20 with respect to 15.
この状態で、図3(a)及び図5(a)に示すように、シース操作部52を本体51に対して先端側にスライドさせて、シース45の第1ルーメン46内に複数の骨格線材30及びカバー40を収容する。また、ガイドワイヤ挿通部48から、シース45の第2ルーメン47内にガイドワイヤ1を挿入しておく。 In this state, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 5A, the sheath operating portion 52 is slid toward the distal end side with respect to the main body 51, and a plurality of skeletal wire rods are placed in the first lumen 46 of the sheath 45. 30 and the cover 40 are accommodated. In addition, the guide wire 1 is inserted into the second lumen 47 of the sheath 45 from the guide wire insertion portion 48.
そして、図7に示すように、周知の方法によって、内視鏡5を、口腔から胃等を通して十二指腸等の大径の管状器官V1まで移動させ、同内視鏡5の先端部を、管状器官V2,V3の分岐部N(乳頭)の近傍に配置する。 Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the endoscope 5 is moved from the oral cavity through the stomach or the like to a large-diameter tubular organ V1 such as the duodenum by a known method, and the distal end portion of the endoscope 5 is moved to the tubular organ. It arrange | positions in the vicinity of the branch part N (nipple) of V2 and V3.
その後、内視鏡5の図示しないルーメン内に異物捕捉具10を挿入すると共に、異物捕捉具10のシース45の第2ルーメン47の先端開口を介して、内視鏡5のルーメンの先端開口からガイドワイヤ1を挿出させ、このガイドワイヤ1を、胆管V2に挿入し、複数の異物Gが存在しているF(以下、「異物存在部F」)を通過させて、その先端部を異物存在部Fを通り越えた位置まで到達させる。その後、ガイドワイヤ1に沿って内視鏡5で視認しつつシース45を移動させて、その先端部を、異物存在部Fの手前まで到達させる(図7参照)。 Thereafter, the foreign object capturing tool 10 is inserted into a lumen (not shown) of the endoscope 5 and from the distal end opening of the lumen of the endoscope 5 through the distal end opening of the second lumen 47 of the sheath 45 of the foreign object capturing tool 10. The guide wire 1 is inserted, the guide wire 1 is inserted into the bile duct V2, and the F in which a plurality of foreign matters G are present (hereinafter referred to as “foreign matter existing portion F”) is allowed to pass, and the tip portion is made to be a foreign matter. A position that passes through the existence part F is reached. Thereafter, the sheath 45 is moved while visually recognizing with the endoscope 5 along the guide wire 1, and the tip portion thereof reaches the front of the foreign substance existing portion F (see FIG. 7).
その状態で、図3(b)及び図5(b)に示すように、操作具50のシース操作部52を、本体51に対して基端側にスライドさせると、シース45の第1ルーメン46の先端開口から、複数の骨格線材30及びカバー40が突出する。 In this state, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 5 (b), when the sheath operating portion 52 of the operating tool 50 is slid to the proximal end side with respect to the main body 51, the first lumen 46 of the sheath 45. The plurality of skeleton wires 30 and the cover 40 protrude from the front end opening.
そして、図8に示すように、異物捕捉具10全体を押し込んで、複数の骨格線材30及びカバー40を、異物存在部Fを通過させた位置まで移動させる。 Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the entire foreign material capturing tool 10 is pushed in, and the plurality of skeleton wires 30 and the cover 40 are moved to a position where the foreign material existing portion F has passed.
上記状態で、図4(a)及び図6(a)に示すように、操作具50のワイヤ操作部53を本体51に対して基端側にスライドさせると、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がると共に、カバー40がバスケット状に広がって、その基端側開口が開く。 In the above state, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 6 (a), when the wire operation portion 53 of the operation tool 50 is slid toward the base end side with respect to the main body 51, the plurality of skeleton wires 30 are radially formed. As the cover 40 spreads, the cover 40 spreads in a basket shape, and its proximal end opening opens.
この状態で異物捕捉具10全体を引き寄せると、図9に示すように、カバー40の基端開口からカバー40内に異物Gを受け入れて、異物Gを捕捉することができる。 When the entire foreign matter catching tool 10 is pulled in this state, the foreign matter G can be received into the cover 40 from the proximal end opening of the cover 40 and captured as shown in FIG.
このとき、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がると共に、樹脂製のカバー40が広がってバスケット形状をなすようにしたので、比較的軟らかいカバー40の周縁が、管状器官V2の内周に密着して、異物Gの捕捉性を高めることができる。 At this time, since the plurality of skeleton wires 30 spread radially and the resin cover 40 spreads to form a basket shape, the peripheral edge of the relatively soft cover 40 is in close contact with the inner periphery of the tubular organ V2. The trapping property of the foreign matter G can be improved.
また、カバー40は、骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、基端部側が大きく開口したバスケット状をなすと共に、複数の骨格線材30の間隙も広く空いた状態になっているので、大きな胆石などの異物Gでもカバー40内にスムーズに捕捉することができる。 In addition, the cover 40 has a basket shape in which the base end portion side is greatly opened in a state where the skeleton wire 30 is spread radially, and a gap between the plurality of skeleton wires 30 is widely open. Even foreign matter G such as can be smoothly captured in the cover 40.
なお、前記カバー40がポリウレタンから形成され、その厚さが2〜200μmとされている場合には、操作ワイヤ20の押し引き操作により、カバー40を拡径又は縮径させたときに、カバー40を破れにくくすることができると共に、カバー40を柔軟に変形させて、管状器官V2の内周により密接させやすくすることができる。 When the cover 40 is made of polyurethane and has a thickness of 2 to 200 μm, when the cover 40 is expanded or contracted by pushing and pulling the operation wire 20, the cover 40 Can be made difficult to tear, and the cover 40 can be flexibly deformed to make it more intimately contacted with the inner periphery of the tubular organ V2.
上記のように、カバー40により異物Gを捕捉した後、異物捕捉具10全体を更に手元側に引き戻して、管状器官V2よりも大径の管状器官V1(例えば十二指腸など)まで、複数の骨格線材30及びカバー40を移動させる(図10参照)。 As described above, after the foreign matter G is captured by the cover 40, the entire foreign matter capturing tool 10 is further pulled back to the proximal side, and a plurality of skeletal wire rods up to the tubular organ V1 having a larger diameter than the tubular organ V2 (for example, the duodenum). 30 and the cover 40 are moved (see FIG. 10).
そして、その位置で、図4(b)及び図6(b)に示すように、操作具50のワイヤ操作部53を本体51に対して更に基端側にスライドさせると、複数の骨格線材30の軸方向中間部がより大きく拡径して、凹状湾曲部35がカバー40の先端部外周と中心部との間の外側面を押して、カバー40を偏平な状態に押し潰す。その結果、カバー40内に捕捉された異物Gが、カバー40の基端側開口からスムーズに押し出され、図11に示すように、管状器官V1内に排出することができる。なお、上記操作で異物Gを十分に排出できない場合には、ワイヤ操作部53を本体51に対して、軸方向に繰り返し往復スライドさせることにより、カバー40を開閉させて、異物Gをカバー40内から効果的に排出することができる。 Then, at that position, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 6B, when the wire operation portion 53 of the operation tool 50 is further slid toward the base end side with respect to the main body 51, a plurality of skeleton wires 30 are obtained. The diameter of the axially intermediate portion of the cover 40 is further increased, and the concave curved portion 35 presses the outer surface between the outer periphery and the center portion of the front end portion of the cover 40, thereby squeezing the cover 40 into a flat state. As a result, the foreign matter G captured in the cover 40 is smoothly pushed out from the proximal end opening of the cover 40 and can be discharged into the tubular organ V1 as shown in FIG. If the foreign matter G cannot be sufficiently discharged by the above operation, the cover 40 is opened and closed by repeatedly reciprocatingly sliding the wire operation portion 53 with respect to the main body 51 in the axial direction, so that the foreign matter G is placed inside the cover 40. Can be effectively discharged.
また、この実施形態では、複数の骨格線材30が放射状に広がった状態で、凸状湾曲部34と凹状湾曲部35とが設けられ、全体としてS字状に湾曲した形状をなしているため、上記のように、ワイヤ操作部53を軸方向基端側にスライドさせると、各骨格線材30の凹状湾曲部35が、カバー40の先端部外周と中心部との間の外側面を押すので、図4(b)及び図6(b)に示すように、カバー40が偏平な形状となり、内部に捕捉された異物Gをより排出しやすくすることができる。 Further, in this embodiment, since the plurality of skeleton wires 30 are radially spread, the convex curved portion 34 and the concave curved portion 35 are provided, and the entire curved shape is curved in an S shape. As described above, when the wire operation portion 53 is slid to the proximal side in the axial direction, the concave curved portion 35 of each skeleton wire 30 pushes the outer surface between the outer periphery and the center portion of the distal end portion of the cover 40. As shown in FIGS. 4B and 6B, the cover 40 has a flat shape, and the foreign matter G trapped inside can be more easily discharged.
なお、図6(b)及び図11に示すように、カバー40が偏平な形状に押し潰された状態から、ワイヤ操作部53を、本体51に対して更に基部側にスライドさせると、カバー40の外面側が反対側にひっくり返るように変形するので、カバー40内に捕捉した異物Gをより効果的に排出することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 6B and 11, when the wire operating portion 53 is further slid toward the base side with respect to the main body 51 from the state in which the cover 40 is crushed into a flat shape, the cover 40 Since the outer surface side is deformed so that it is turned over to the opposite side, the foreign matter G captured in the cover 40 can be discharged more effectively.
図12には、本発明に係る体腔内の異物捕捉具の他の実施形態が示されている。なお、前記実施形態と実質的に同一部分には同符号を付してその説明を省略する。 FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the foreign body capturing tool in a body cavity according to the present invention. Note that substantially the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
図12(a)及び(b)に示すように、この実施形態における体腔内の異物捕捉具10a(以下、「異物捕捉具10a」という)は、骨格線材30が、前記チューブ15及びその先端から突出される操作ワイヤ20の外周に、均等な間隔を設けて4本配置されており、これらの骨格線材30に、固定部33を介してバスケット状のカバー40が固定されている。 As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the foreign body capturing tool 10a in the body cavity in this embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “foreign body capturing tool 10a”) is configured such that the skeletal wire 30 extends from the tube 15 and the tip thereof. Four are arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the protruding operation wire 20, and a basket-like cover 40 is fixed to these skeleton wire rods 30 via fixing portions 33.
この実施形態においては、バスケット状のカバー40の外周に、均等な間隔を設けて4本の骨格線材30が配置されているので、カバー40を安定してバスケット形状に広げることができる。また、操作ワイヤ20を操作して、凹状湾曲部35でカバー40の先端側の外側面を押すときに、カバー40の周方向の4箇所を均等な押圧力で押すことでき、カバー40内に捕捉された異物Gをよりスムーズに排出することができる。 In this embodiment, since the four skeleton wire rods 30 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the basket-like cover 40, the cover 40 can be stably spread into a basket shape. Further, when the operation wire 20 is operated to push the outer surface of the front end side of the cover 40 with the concave curved portion 35, the four circumferential positions of the cover 40 can be pushed with an equal pressing force. The captured foreign matter G can be discharged more smoothly.
10,10a 体腔内の異物捕捉具(異物捕捉具)
15 チューブ
20 操作ワイヤ
30 骨格線材
31 基端部
32 先端部
34 凸状湾曲部
35 凹状湾曲部
40 カバー
45 シース
50 操作具
10, 10a Foreign body capturing device in a body cavity (foreign material capturing device)
15 Tube 20 Operation wire 30 Skeletal wire 31 Base end portion 32 Tip portion 34 Convex curved portion 35 Concave curved portion 40 Cover 45 Sheath 50 Operating tool
Claims (3)
該チューブ内に挿通された操作ワイヤと、
前記チューブの先端部に基端部を連結され、前記操作ワイヤの先端部に先端部を連結され、前記操作ワイヤが所定の操作位置にあるとき、放射状に広がる複数の骨格線材と、
前記複数の骨格線材に外周を固定され、中心部に前記操作ワイヤが挿通され、前記複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がった状態で、基端部側が開口して異物を捕捉可能なバスケット形状をなす樹脂製のカバーとを備え、
前記複数の骨格線材が放射状に広がった状態で、前記各骨格線材の前記カバーが固定された部分より先端部側には、前記カバーの先端部側の外側面に近接する凹状湾曲部が設けられており、
前記操作ワイヤを前記チューブに対して更に基端部側に引くと、前記骨格線材の凹状湾曲部が、前記カバーの先端部側の外側面を押すように構成されていることを特徴とする体腔内の異物捕捉具。 Tubes,
An operation wire inserted through the tube;
A plurality of skeletal wires extending radially when the proximal end is coupled to the distal end of the tube, the distal end is coupled to the distal end of the operation wire, and the operation wire is in a predetermined operation position;
The outer periphery is fixed to the plurality of skeleton wires, the operation wire is inserted in the center, and the plurality of skeleton wires are radially spread, and the base end side opens to form a basket shape capable of catching foreign matters. With a resin cover,
In a state where the plurality of skeleton wires are radially spread, a concave curved portion that is close to the outer surface of the cover on the tip side is provided on the tip side of the portion of the skeleton wire that is fixed to the cover. And
When the operation wire is further pulled toward the proximal end side with respect to the tube, the concave curved portion of the skeletal wire is configured to push the outer surface on the distal end side of the cover. Inside foreign material capture tool.
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