JP6029005B2 - Fluid purification device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid purification device including a reaction tank for decomposing an organic substance in a purification target fluid by an oxidation reaction while pressurizing and heating the purification target fluid and an oxidant accommodated therein. is there.

  As this type of fluid purification device, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. This fluid purification device heats and pressurizes the water to be purified, which is the fluid to be purified, and the air, which is the oxidant, in the reaction tank, so that the water to be purified becomes supercritical water. Supercritical water is water having a property intermediate between liquid and gas, and the state occurs when the temperature exceeds the critical temperature of water and the pressure exceeds the critical pressure of water. In the reaction tank, organic matter is instantly oxidized and decomposed in supercritical water.

  In this way, in the configuration where the water to be purified and air are supercritical under high temperature and high pressure, respectively, the organic matter in the water to be purified is oxidatively decomposed. It can be purified well. In addition, plastic fine particle-containing wastewater and persistent organic matter-containing wastewater that could not be obtained by biological treatment with activated sludge can be purified well.

  As a reaction tank in such a fluid purification apparatus, the pressure balance type reaction tank described in Patent Document 1 is generally used. As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure balance type reaction tank 900 has a double cylinder structure including a cylindrical outer cylinder 901 and a cylindrical inner cylinder 902 disposed inside thereof. It has become. The outer cylinder body 901 is made of a stainless material that is sufficiently thick to withstand high pressure. The inner cylinder 902 is made of a highly corrosion-resistant metal such as a nickel alloy. In the inner cylinder 902, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are generated along with the oxidative decomposition of organic matter. Therefore, when a general metal such as iron or stainless steel is used as the material of the inner cylinder 902, the inner cylinder 902 is very short. It will corrode in time. For this reason, a highly corrosion-resistant metal such as a nickel alloy is used as the material of the inner cylindrical body 902.

  In the pressure balance type reaction tank 900, the air as the oxidant moves as follows. That is, the air is pressure-fed into an inter-cylinder space between the outer cylinder 901 and the inner cylinder 902 via an air supply pipe 903 provided on the lower lid of the outer cylinder 901, and then in the inter-cylinder space. Is moved from the lower side toward the upper side to reach the vicinity of the upper lid of the outer cylindrical body 901. Then, after flowing into the inner cylinder 902 through a gap between the through-hole 902a provided in the upper end wall of the inner cylinder 902 and the inflow pipe 904 inserted into the through-hole 902a, the water to be purified And move in the inner cylinder 902 from the upper side to the lower side.

  Since the inter-cylinder space between the outer cylinder 901 and the inner cylinder 902 and the inner cylinder 902 communicate with each other, the internal pressure of the inter-cylinder space and the internal pressure of the inner cylinder 902 are substantially the same. Become. For this reason, it is possible to apply a large pressure to the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 902 without generating a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the inner cylinder 902. This makes it possible to reduce the cost by making the inner cylinder 902 made of an expensive high corrosion-resistant metal into a non-breakdown pressure specification with a small thickness.

  However, in the fluid purification device described in Patent Document 1, there is a risk that the purified water transport pipe 905 that receives and transports purified water discharged from the pressure balanced reaction tank 900 may be ruptured by internal pressure. Specifically, the purified water transfer pipe 905 extending from the end of the pressure balance type reaction tank 900 is formed integrally with the inner cylinder 902, and is expensive nickel alloy or the like like the inner cylinder 902. Because it consists of, it is thin. Since the purified water transport pipe 905 and the inner cylinder 902 in the pressure balance type reaction tank 900 are in communication with each other, the purified water transport pipe 905 has an extremely high internal pressure as with the inner cylinder 902. ing. Nevertheless, unlike the inner cylinder 902, the purified water transport pipe 905 is not covered with the high-pressure gas, and therefore, there is a possibility that the purified water transfer pipe 905 may burst immediately when a large load is applied by the internal pressure. In order to prevent the occurrence of such rupture and realize a long life, if the purified water carrying pipe 905 made of a highly corrosion-resistant metal is made thick enough to withstand high pressure, the cost will increase.

  Therefore, the present inventors are developing a novel fluid purification device as follows. That is, the purified water transport pipe has a double pipe structure including an outer pipe and an inner pipe contained therein, and the inner pipe is made of a thin highly corrosion-resistant metal and the outer pipe is thick. A material composed of a pressure-resistant metal is used. A pressurizing fluid such as pressure balancing water is pumped between the outer tube and the inner tube. According to such a configuration, as in the case of the balance-type reaction tank, an expensive corrosion resistance is obtained by interposing the pressurizing fluid between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the purified water carrying pipe to balance the inner pressure of the inner pipe. The life of the purified water transport pipe can be extended without making the inner pipe made of metal thick. Therefore, the life extension of the purified water transport pipe can be realized at a low cost.

  However, the fluid purification device under development may cause the following new problem. That is, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the like are discharged from the inner cylindrical body (for example, 902 in FIG. 1) of the balanced reaction tank together with the purified water. All of these are in a supercritical state of high temperature and pressure, but are finally separated into purified water in a liquid state and oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. in a gaseous state by a gas-liquid separator. There is a need. In order to quickly perform the separation, it is desirable to cool the fluid containing purified water or oxygen in the purified water reaction tank 905. Therefore, when the purified water transport pipe having a double-pipe structure is cooled from the outside, the purified water, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid that existed in the supercritical state in the inner cylinder of the purified water transport pipe are each liquid. It becomes the state of. Then, since the elements such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are present as ions in liquid water, these acids exhibit strong corrosiveness. And even if it is an inner pipe | tube consisting of a highly corrosion-resistant metal, it is gradually corroded, and a through hole and a crack may be generated in an inner pipe before long. When a through hole or crack occurs in the inner pipe, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid leaks between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and the outer pipe having poor corrosion resistance is rapidly corroded. As a result, it has been found that the outer tube may be ruptured even though the outer tube is thick and has excellent pressure resistance.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above background, The place made into the objective is providing the following fluid purification apparatuses. In other words, the fluid purification device can prevent the rupture of the purified fluid transport pipe from occurring while realizing the speeding up of the purification process and extending the life of the purified fluid transport pipe at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reaction tank for decomposing an organic substance in a purification target fluid by an oxidation reaction while pressurizing and heating the purification target fluid and an oxidant accommodated therein. And a purified fluid transport pipe for receiving and transporting the purified fluid discharged from the reaction tank, the purified fluid transport pipe comprising at least an inner tube and an outer tube containing the purified fluid transport tube. In order to pressurize the inner pipe from the outside into the space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe while allowing the purified fluid discharged from the reaction vessel to be received in the inner pipe with a multi-pipe structure. The pressurizing fluid pumping means for pumping the pressurizing fluid, the cooling means for cooling the purified fluid in the inner pipe, and the purification from the inside of the inner pipe through the corrosion damage portion of the inner pipe into the space between the pipes Finished fluid Heating a leak detection means for detecting a leak, an alarm transmitter means for leakage of purifying spent fluid by said leakage detection means is the alert based on the sensed, the cleaning subject fluid and oxidant within the reaction vessel A heating means, a cooling fluid pumping means for pumping a cooling fluid into the inner pipe, a pre-purification fluid pumping means for pumping a purification target fluid before purification toward the reaction tank, and the leakage detection means. Based on the detection of fluid leakage, the pumping of the fluid to be purified by the pre-purification fluid pumping unit is stopped, the heating by the heating unit is stopped, and the cooling fluid pumping by the cooling fluid pumping unit is stopped. And a control means for performing a process for starting the process .

  In the present invention, the purified fluid in the inner pipe of the purified fluid transport pipe is cooled by the cooling means, so that the gas-liquid separation process for separating the purified fluid and the gas such as carbon dioxide is facilitated thereafter. Thus, the speed of the purification process can be increased.

  In the present invention, among the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the purification fluid transport pipe, the inner pipe that requires the use of an expensive corrosion-resistant metal is used by the pressurizing fluid between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. By applying pressure from the outside, the occurrence of rupture due to internal pressure is suppressed without increasing the thickness. Moreover, about the outer tube | pipe which does not need to use an expensive corrosion-resistant metal, generation | occurrence | production of the burst by an internal pressure can be suppressed by enlarging the thickness and making it a high pressure | voltage resistant specification. With this configuration, it is possible to extend the life of the purified fluid transport pipe at a low cost.

  Further, in the present invention, the inner cylinder of the purification fluid transport pipe is gradually corroded and damaged by the strong corrosiveness of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid obtained by ionizing elements in the inner pipe, and the fluid in the inner cylinder passes through the damaged portion. Suppose that it leaked into the space between cylinders between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. Then, the leak is detected by the leak detection means and an alarm is issued. This alarm stops the fluid purification device, removes the pressurizing fluid containing acid interposed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the purified fluid transport pipe, or replaces the inner pipe. By prompting workers and the like, the time for contacting the acid with the outer pipe of the purified fluid transport pipe is shortened. Thereby, rupture of the outer pipe | tube of a purification fluid conveyance pipe | tube can be prevented beforehand.

Sectional drawing which shows the pressure balance type | mold reaction tank of patent document 1. FIG. The schematic block diagram which shows the fluid purification apparatus which concerns on a reference form. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the feed double pipe of the fluid purification apparatus. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the reaction tank and purification fluid conveyance pipe of the fluid purification apparatus. The flowchart which shows each process of the emergency measure process implemented by the programmable sequencer of the fluid purification apparatus which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, before describing an embodiment of a fluid purification apparatus to which the present invention is applied, a fluid purification apparatus according to a reference form that is helpful in understanding the present invention will be described .
First, a basic configuration of the fluid purification device according to the reference embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fluid purification device according to a reference embodiment. The fluid purification device according to the reference form includes a raw water tank 1, a stirrer 2, a raw water supply pump 3, a raw water pressure gauge 4, a raw water outlet valve 5, an oxidant pressure feed pump 6, an oxidant pressure gauge 7, an oxidant outlet valve 8, and heat. An exchanger 9, a heat medium tank 10, a heat exchange pump 11, an outlet pressure gauge 12, and the like are provided. Moreover, the outlet valve 13, the feed double pipe 15, the purification fluid transport pipe 16, the reaction tank 20, the reaction tank heater 23, the reaction tank thermometer 24, the raw water tank valve 30, the fresh water tank 31, the fresh water tank valve 32, and the preheating A heater 33, a heat medium valve 34, and the like are also provided. The first pressure equalizing water tank 47, the first pressure equalizing water tank valve 48, the first pressure equalizing water pump 49, the first pressure equalizing water valve 50, the first pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 45, and the first pressure adjusting valve 46. The second equalized water tank 35 is also provided. Moreover, the 2nd equalized water tank valve 36, the 2nd equalized water pump 37, etc. are also provided. Furthermore, a second pressure equalizing water valve 38, a pressure equalizing water cooling device 39, a second pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 40, a second pressure adjusting valve 41, a leak detection sensor 42, a control unit (not shown), and the like are also provided.

  The control unit has a power feeding circuit composed of a combination of an earth leakage breaker, a magnet switch, a thermal relay, and the like for the drive system devices. Then, by turning on and off the magnet switches of the power supply circuits of the drive system devices individually according to a control signal from the programmable sequencer, the power on / off of the drive system devices is individually controlled.

  The raw water pressure gauge 4, the oxidant pressure gauge 7, the outlet pressure gauge 12, the first pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 45, and the second pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 40 each output a voltage having a value corresponding to the pressure detection result. Moreover, the reaction vessel thermometer 24 detects the temperature of the tip side region of the inner cylinder described later in the reaction vessel 20 and outputs a voltage corresponding to the detection result. Moreover, the leak detection sensor 42 detects the leak of the fluid from the inner tube | pipe of the purification fluid conveyance pipe 16 mentioned later, and outputs the detection signal. The voltages output from these measuring devices are individually converted into digital data by an A / D converter (not shown) and then input to the programmable sequencer as sensing data. The programmable sequencer controls driving of various devices based on the sensing data.

  In the raw water tank 1, waste water containing organic substances having a relatively large molecular weight is stored in an untreated state. The waste water is composed of at least one of organic solvent waste water, paper making waste water generated in the paper manufacturing process, and toner manufacturing waste water generated in the toner manufacturing process. Papermaking wastewater and toner manufacturing wastewater may contain persistent organic substances.

  The stirrer 2 stirs the wastewater as the fluid to be purified to uniformly disperse suspended solids contained in the wastewater, thereby achieving a uniform organic substance concentration. A raw water tank 1 is connected to a raw water supply pump 3 composed of a high-pressure pump for pumping waste water through a raw water tank valve 30. A fresh water tank 31 is also connected via a fresh water tank valve 32. The raw water tank valve 30 and the fresh water tank valve 32 are composed of motor valves, which can be opened and closed automatically by commands from the control unit. During normal operation, the fresh water tank valve 32 is closed and the raw water tank valve 30 is opened. As a result, the raw water supply pump 3 sucks the waste water in the raw water tank 1 and pumps it toward the feed double pipe 15 described later.

  The raw water outlet valve 5 connected to the discharge pipe of the raw water supply pump 3 plays a role of a check valve, and the waste water pumped from the raw water supply pump 3 is supplied later from the raw water supply pump 3 side. While allowing flow to the double pipe 15 side, reverse flow is blocked.

  The oxidant pressure feed pump 6 composed of a compressor feeds air taken in as oxidant to the feed double pipe 15 through the oxidant outlet valve 8 while compressing the air to a pressure similar to the inflow pressure of waste water. The oxidant outlet valve 8 plays a role of a check valve, and allows the air fed from the oxidant pressure feed pump 6 to flow from the oxidant pressure feed pump 6 side to the feed double pipe 15 side. On the other hand, the reverse flow is blocked.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the feeding double pipe 15 has a double pipe structure including an outer pipe 15a and an inner pipe 15b disposed inside the outer pipe 15a. Then, the waste water W pumped from the raw water supply pump (3 in FIG. 2) is received in the space between the inner tube 15b and the outer tube 15a, and flows into a reaction tank (20 in FIG. 2) described later. . Moreover, the air pumped from the oxidant pump (6 in FIG. 2) is received in the inner tube 15b and flows into the reaction tank described later.

  In FIG. 2, the inflow pressure of the wastewater by driving the raw water supply pump 3 is detected by the raw water pressure gauge 4 disposed upstream of the raw water outlet valve 5 and is input to the programmable sequencer of the control unit as sensing data. The The inflow pressure of the waste water when the raw water supply pump 3 is driven and the pressure in the reaction tank 20 are substantially the same.

  The inflow pressure of air generated by driving the oxidant pump 6 is detected by an oxidant pressure gauge 7 disposed upstream of the oxidant outlet valve 8 and input to the programmable sequencer of the control unit as sensing data. . The inflow pressure of air when the oxidant pressure gauge 7 is driven and the pressure in the reaction tank 20 are substantially the same.

  The amount of air pumped by driving the oxidant pump 6 is determined based on the stoichiometric amount of oxygen necessary to completely oxidize the organic matter in the wastewater. Specifically, oxygen required for complete oxidation of organic matter based on organic matter concentration, nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, etc. in wastewater W, such as wastewater COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) The amount is calculated, and the pumping amount of air is set based on the result.

  The inflow of air is set by the worker, but the type of organic matter contained in the wastewater W is stable over time, and the physical properties such as turbidity, light transmittance, electrical conductivity, specific gravity, etc. When the correlation with the amount of oxygen is relatively good, the following may be performed. That is, the programmable sequencer may be configured to perform the process of automatically correcting the above-described control range based on the result of detecting the physical property by a sensor or the like.

  As the oxidizing agent, in addition to air, any one of oxygen gas, ozone gas, hydrogen peroxide water, or a mixture of two or more of them can be used.

  A preheating heater 33 for preheating the air A and waste water W in the feeding double pipe 15 is attached to the outer surface of the feeding double pipe 15. The air A and waste water W in the feeding double pipe 15 are preheated by the preheating heater 33 and then pumped into the reaction tank 20.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the reaction tank 20 and the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The reaction tank 20 has a double cylinder structure including an outer cylinder 21 and an inner cylinder 22 disposed inside thereof. The feeding double pipe 15 and the end of the outer cylinder 21 of the reaction tank 20 on the left side in the figure are connected by an inlet coupling 17. In the reaction tank 20, the feeding double pipe 15 communicates with the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20, but does not communicate with the inter-cylinder space between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21. It has become.

  The inner cylinder 22 is a cylinder made of acid-resistant titanium (Ti). Instead of titanium, those made of Ta, Au, Pt, Ir, Rh, Pd, Zr, V, Ni, Co, and Mo may be used. Moreover, you may use what consists of an alloy containing at least any one among Ti, Ta, Au, Pt, Ir, Rh, Pd, Zr, V, Ni, Co, and Mo. Moreover, you may use what consists of ceramics or quartz glass.

  The outer cylinder 21 is a cylinder made of a metal material having excellent strength, such as stainless steel (SUS304, SUS316), Inconel 625, and nickel alloy. The pressure inside the reaction tank 20 is controlled to a high pressure of 0.5 to 30 MPa, desirably 5 to 30 MPa. The outer cylinder 21 is thick so that it can withstand such a high pressure. On the other hand, since the inner cylinder 22 is required to have corrosion resistance rather than pressure resistance, titanium that exhibits excellent corrosion resistance is adopted as a material.

  Waste water W pumped toward the reaction tank 20 in the space between the inner pipe 15b and the outer pipe 15a of the feed double pipe 15 or the reaction tank 20 in the inner pipe 15b of the feed double pipe 15 The air A pumped toward the inside flows into the left end portion in the figure in the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20. The waste water A and the air A move from the left side to the right side in the figure while being mixed with each other to form a mixed fluid.

  The outer cylinder 21 of the reaction tank 20 is formed with an equalized water inflow portion 21a and an equalized water discharge portion 21b. The equalized water inflow portion 21 a is for receiving equalized water sent from the outside in the inter-cylinder space between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 of the reaction tank 20. Moreover, the equalized water discharge part 22b is for discharging equalized water out of the reaction tank 20 from the space between the cylinders.

  In FIG. 2, the first pressure equalizing water pump 49 is a pressure equalizing water made of fresh water stored in the first pressure equalizing water tank 47 and an inter-cylinder space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the reaction tank 20. The pressure-equalized water discharged from the tank is sucked and pumped into the inter-cylinder space of the reaction tank 20. The pressure-equalized water that has been pumped flows through the first pressure-equalized water valve 50, which is a check valve, and then flows into the inter-cylinder space of the reaction tank 20.

  The equalized water flowing along the cylinder longitudinal direction in the inter-cylinder space of the reaction tank 20 is eventually discharged from the inter-cylinder space and goes out of the reaction tank 20. Then, after passing through the first pressure regulating valve 46, it is sucked again by the first pressure equalizing water pump 49 and returned into the inter-cylinder space of the reaction tank 20.

  During normal operation, the first pressure equalizing water tank valve 48 interposed between the first pressure equalizing water tank 47 and the first pressure equalizing water pump 49 is closed. When the pressure of the pressure equalized water detected by the first pressure equalized water pressure gauge 45 is higher than the predetermined second threshold and lower than the first threshold, the programmable sequencer determines that the pressure is lower than the first threshold. The first pressure equalizing water tank valve 48 consisting of a motor valve is opened until it becomes higher. Thereby, a certain amount of equalized water is replenished to the equalized water circulation path including the inter-cylinder space of the reaction tank 20 and the first equalized water pump 49.

  In FIG. 4, in the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20, as the organic matter in the waste water W is decomposed, hydrochloric acid derived from the chloro group of the organic chloride and sulfuric acid derived from the sulfonyl group such as an amino acid. Occurring and placing the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22 under strong acidity. For this reason, a cylinder made of titanium having excellent corrosion resistance is adopted as the inner cylinder 22. However, since titanium is a very expensive material, if the thickness of the inner cylinder 22 is increased to a value that can withstand high pressure, the cost becomes very high. Therefore, the outer cylinder 21 is disposed outside the inner cylinder 22, and the required pressure resistance is exhibited by the outer cylinder 21 made of stainless steel or the like that is cheaper than titanium. The pressure equalizing water pressure in the inter-cylinder space between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 21 is maintained at the same value as the pressure of the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 or a value close to the pressure of the mixed fluid. It is desirable to do. As long as the difference between the pressure of the pressure equalized water and the pressure of the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 is maintained within an allowable range, the pressure of the pressure equalized water may be higher or lower than the pressure of the mixed fluid. .

  Examples of the pressure applied to the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 include a range of 0.5 to 30 MPa (desirably 5 to 30 MPa). The pressure in the inner cylinder 22 is adjusted by an outlet valve (13 in FIG. 2). When the pressure in the inner cylinder 22 becomes higher than a predetermined threshold, the outlet valve composed of a back pressure valve automatically opens the valve and discharges the mixed fluid from the inner pipe of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 described later. Thus, the pressure in the inner cylinder 22 and the inner tube is maintained near the threshold value.

  In addition to the high pressure, the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 is at a high temperature. The temperature is 100 to 700 ° C, desirably 200 to 550 ° C. When the operation of the fluid purification device is started, the mixed fluid of the waste water W and the air A in the inner cylinder 22 is under pressure, but the temperature is not so high. Therefore, at the start of operation, the programmable sequencer causes the reaction tank heater (23 in FIG. 3) to generate heat, and raises the temperature of the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 to 200 to 700 ° C.

  When the reaction tank heater is turned on, the heat is transferred to the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 via the outer cylinder 21, the equalized water in the inter-cylinder space, and the inner cylinder 22. At the start of operation, in a state where a constant pressure is applied to the equalized water in the inter-cylinder space, the first equalized water pump (49 in FIG. 2) is stopped to stop the circulating conveyance of the equalized water. For this reason, the heat transmitted from the outer cylinder 21 to the equalized water in the inter-cylinder space is efficiently transmitted to the inner cylinder 22 and the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22.

  When the oxidative decomposition of the organic substance is started in the waste water W in the inner cylinder 22, heat is generated along with the oxidative decomposition. When the waste water W contains an organic substance at a high concentration, the waste water W or the air A in the inner cylinder 22 may be heated to a desired temperature only by a large amount of heat generated when a large amount of the organic substance is oxidized and decomposed. In this case, heating by the reaction vessel heater (23) is performed only at the time of starting up the apparatus, and after the oxidative decomposition is started, the power supply to the reaction vessel heater (23) can be turned off. Therefore, the programmable sequencer turns off the reaction vessel heater (23) when the detection result by the reaction vessel thermometer (24) becomes a desired temperature or higher.

  A catalyst 25 is introduced into the inner cylinder 22. The catalyst 25 promotes oxidative decomposition of organic substances in the inner cylinder 22. As the catalyst 25, a catalyst containing at least one element of Ru, Pd, Rh, Pt, Au, Ir, Os, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Ce, Ti, Mn, and C is used. It is desirable. In the mixed fluid that moves the inner cylinder 22 from the left side to the right side in the drawing, the oxidative decomposition of the organic matter proceeds rapidly. The mixed fluid (W + A) that has moved to the vicinity of the right end of the inner cylinder 22 in the drawing is in a state in which organic substances and inorganic compounds are almost completely oxidized and decomposed.

  Note that the following conditions may be adopted as conditions for the temperature and pressure in the inner cylinder 22. That is, the temperature is a relatively high pressure condition of 200 ° C. or higher (desirably 374.2 ° C. or higher) and a pressure of less than 21.8 MPa (desirably 10 MPa or higher). Under such conditions, the waste water in the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 22 becomes superheated steam (superheated steam state). Even in the case of using heated steam, oxidative decomposition of the organic matter can be performed efficiently.

  The purified fluid purified in the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20 passes through the purified fluid transport pipe 16 communicating with the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20 and then reaches the resin pipe 55. In the purified fluid transport pipe 16, the purified fluid is cooled by the heat exchanger (9 in FIG. 2), so that the resin pipe 55 that receives the purified fluid from the purified fluid transport pipe 16 can withstand the temperature. is there. However, it needs to be a pressure resistant resin. The detailed description of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 will be described later.

  An outlet pressure gauge 12 and an outlet valve 13 shown in FIG. 2 are connected to the resin pipe 55. The purified fluid that has passed through the outlet valve 13 is separated into purified water and gas by a gas-liquid separator (not shown) while being rapidly decompressed, and the purified water is stored in a treated water tank (not shown). Gas is also released into the atmosphere.

  Purified water contains almost no suspended solids or organic matter because hardly decomposed organic matter such as phenol that cannot be removed by biological treatment with activated sludge is almost completely oxidized and decomposed. It only contains minerals that cannot be oxidized. Even as it is, it can be reused as industrial water depending on the application. Further, if a filtration process using an ultrafiltration membrane is performed, it can be diverted to an LSI cleaning liquid or the like. The gas separated by the gas-liquid separator is mainly composed of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen gas.

In FIG. 4, the purified fluid transport pipe 16 has a double pipe structure including an inner pipe 16a and an outer pipe 16b containing the inner pipe 16a. The inner tube 16a is formed integrally with the inner tube 22 of the reaction tank 20, and is connected to and communicates with the inner tube 22 seamlessly. And the purified fluid discharged | emitted from the inner cylinder 22 of the reaction tank 20 is received in its inside, and is sent toward the right side from the left side in the figure.

  A uniform pressure water inflow portion 16 c and a uniform pressure water discharge portion 16 d are formed on the outer tube 16 b of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The equalized water inflow part 16c is for receiving equalized water sent from the outside in the inter-tube space between the inner pipe 16a and the outer pipe 16b. The equalized water discharge portion 16d is for discharging the equalized water from the space between the cylinders to the outside of the purified fluid transport pipe 16.

  In FIG. 2, the second pressure equalizing water pump 37 is formed by the pressure equalizing water stored in the second pressure equalizing water tank 35, the inner pipe (16 a) and the outer pipe (16 b) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The equalized water discharged from the inter-pipe space is sucked and pumped to the inter-pipe space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The pressure-equalized water that has been pumped passes through the second pressure-equalized water valve 38, which is a check valve, and then flows into the inter-tube space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16.

  The equalized water flowing in the inter-tube space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 along the longitudinal direction of the pipe is eventually discharged from the equalized water discharge portion (16d) of the outer pipe (16b) and out of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. Get out. Then, after passing through the pressure equalizing water cooling device 39 and the second pressure regulating valve 41, it is sucked again by the second pressure equalizing water pump 37 as the pressurizing fluid pumping means, and the inter-space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 Return inside.

  During normal operation, the second equalized water tank valve 36 interposed between the second equalized water tank 35 and the second equalized water pump 37 is closed. When the pressure of the pressure equalized water detected by the second pressure equalized water pressure gauge 40 is higher than the predetermined second threshold and lower than the first threshold, the programmable sequencer determines that the pressure is lower than the first threshold. The second equalized water tank valve 36 consisting of a motor valve is opened until it becomes higher. Thus, a certain amount of equalized water flows through the equalized water circulation path including the inter-space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 and the second equalized water pump 37.

  In FIG. 2, the pressure equalizing water cooling device 39 for cooling the pressure equalized water discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is stopped during normal operation. For this reason, the equalized water discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is retransmitted into the inter-tube space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 without being cooled only by passing through the equalized water cooling device 39. .

  A heat exchanger 9 is mounted on the outer wall of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The main body of the heat exchanger 9 is composed of an outer tube that covers the outer wall of the purified fluid transport pipe 16, and a space between the outer tube and the outer wall of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is filled with a heat exchange fluid such as water. And the heat exchanger 9 as a cooling means performs heat exchange with the outer wall of the purification fluid conveyance pipe | tube 16, and a heat exchange fluid. During operation of the reaction tank 20, a very high temperature purified fluid flows into the inner pipe 16 a of the purified fluid transport pipe 16. The heat of the purified fluid moves to the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchanger (9) through the inner pipe 16a, the pressure equalized water in the inter-tube space, and the outer pipe 16b. Thereby, the purified fluid in the inner pipe 16a is cooled. The transport direction of the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchanger (9) is opposite to the transport direction of the purified fluid in the purified fluid transport pipe 16 so as to perform so-called countercurrent heat exchange.

  In FIG. 2, the heat exchange fluid heated through the heat exchanger 9 is sent to the power generation facility. In a power generation facility, power generation is performed by rotating a turbine with an air flow generated when a heat exchange fluid whose pressure is increased by being heated is changed from a liquid to a gas state.

  In the vicinity of the outlet valve 13, an outlet thermometer (not shown) that detects the temperature of the resin pipe described above is provided. The programmable sequencer of the control unit controls the drive of the heat exchange pump 11 so that the detection result by the outlet thermometer is below a predetermined upper limit temperature. Specifically, when the detection result by the outlet thermometer reaches a predetermined upper limit temperature, the amount of heat exchange fluid supplied to the heat exchanger 9 is increased by increasing the drive amount of the heat exchange pump 11, The cooling function by the exchanger 9 is enhanced. Accordingly, the liquid is caused to flow into the heat exchanger 9 in a state where the temperature is equal to or lower than the upper limit temperature.

  A heat exchange thermometer (not shown) that detects the temperature of the heat exchange fluid immediately after passing through the heat exchanger 9 is provided in the vicinity of the heat exchanger 9. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid immediately after passing through the heat exchanger 9 is preferably equal to or higher than a predetermined lower limit temperature. Therefore, the programmable sequencer of the control unit controls the driving of the heat exchange pump 11 so that the detection result by the heat exchange thermometer is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit temperature.

  Specifically, when the detection result by the heat exchange thermometer decreases to a predetermined lower limit temperature, the amount of heat exchange fluid supplied to the heat exchanger 9 is decreased by decreasing the drive amount of the heat exchange pump 11. Thereby, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid immediately after passing through the heat exchanger 9 is raised. However, the adjustment of the drive amount of the heat exchange pump 11 based on the detection result by the outlet thermometer is prioritized over the adjustment of the drive amount of the heat exchange pump 11 based on the detection result by the heat exchange thermometer. For this reason, when the detection result by the outlet thermometer is equal to or higher than the predetermined upper limit temperature and the detection result by the heat exchange thermometer is equal to or lower than the predetermined lower limit temperature, the driving amount based on the former detection result The driving amount is increased by prioritizing the adjustment.

  In such a configuration, the purified fluid in the inner pipe (16a) in the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is cooled by the heat exchanger 9, so that the gas for separating the purified fluid and the gas such as carbon dioxide thereafter. The liquid separation process can be facilitated to speed up the purification process. Of the inner pipe (16a) and the outer pipe (1b) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16, the inner pipe made of expensive titanium is outside the inner pipe by pressure equalization water between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. By applying pressure from, the occurrence of rupture due to internal pressure is suppressed without increasing the thickness. On the other hand, for the outer tube that does not require the use of an expensive corrosion-resistant metal, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rupture due to the internal pressure by increasing the thickness of the outer tube to a high pressure resistance specification. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the rupture of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 due to the internal pressure at a lower cost than the case where the purified fluid transport pipe having a single tube structure made of an expensive corrosion-resistant metal is made thick and has a high pressure resistance specification.

  However, according to the experiments by the present inventors, in the purified fluid transport pipe 16 having such a configuration, although the inner pipe (16a) is made of highly corrosion-resistant titanium, the inner wall of the inner pipe is partially corroded. It turns out that it causes a new problem to occur. And it turned out that this partial corrosion has generate | occur | produced for the following reasons. That is, water, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like are in a liquid state at room temperature, but are supercritical or heated in the reaction tank 20. In the supercritical or heated vapor state where the dielectric constant is low, the various elements constituting the liquid do not exist as ions, so even hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid does not exhibit very strong corrosivity. For this reason, the inner wall of the inner cylinder (22) of the reaction tank 20 is not corroded in a short time by hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. However, in the purification fluid transport pipe 16, the hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid cooled for speeding up the purification process are in a liquid state, and the elements constituting those acids are present as ions in the water in the liquid state. As a result, the acids are highly corrosive. For this reason, in the purified fluid transport pipe 16, although the inner pipe (16a) is made of titanium, partial corrosion occurs on the inner wall.

  In the purified water carrying pipe 16 having a double pipe structure, as described above, since the inner pipe (16a) is not subjected to a large pressure, the inner pipe is ruptured even if partial corrosion occurs in the inner pipe. There is nothing to do. However, when partial corrosion progresses and through-holes or cracks occur in the inner pipe, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in the inner pipe leaks into the space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, resulting in corrosion resistance. Inferior outer pipes are rapidly corroded. And when a through-hole, a crack, etc. generate | occur | produce in an outer tube | pipe by rapid corrosion, there exists a possibility that high-temperature / high pressure pressurized water may jet out of an outer tube | pipe violently.

Therefore, in the fluid purification device according to the reference embodiment, means for quickly detecting the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 to the inter-tube space is provided. Specifically, the second pressure equalizing water pump 37 pumps pressure equalizing water into the inter-tube space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 as already described. The pressure-equalized water that has been pumped moves through the inter-tube space of the purified fluid transport pipe 16, then exits the inter-tube space and passes through the second pressure regulating valve 41. Thereafter, the predetermined characteristics of the equalized water before being sucked into the second equalized water pump 37 again are detected by the leakage detection sensor 42. In the fluid purification apparatus according to the embodiment, the leak detection sensor 42 is composed of an electrical conductivity meter that detects electrical conductivity.

  In FIG. 4, it is assumed that the corrosion of the inner tube 16a gradually proceeds with long-term operation, and partial damage (through hole or crack) occurs in the inner tube 16a. Then, a part of the purified fluid in the inner tube 16a enters the inter-tube space between the inner tube 16a and the outer tube 16b through the damaged portion. The purified fluid may be mixed with liquid sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid as described above. When sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in the purified fluid that has entered the space between the tubes touches the outer tube 16b, the outer tube 16b made of stainless steel or the like is rapidly corroded.

However, in the fluid purification device according to the reference embodiment, it is possible to detect the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner tube 16a into the inter-tube space prior to the corrosion. Specifically, since the pressure equalizing water is usually composed only of fresh water, the electric conductivity is extremely low. When sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is mixed into this equalized water, the electrical conductivity detected by the leak detection sensor 42 shown in FIG. Thereby, the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that leakage has occurred based on the fact that the electrical conductivity detected by the leakage detection sensor 42 has become higher than a predetermined threshold. When a leak occurs, an alarm is issued. More specifically, the leakage alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on. An operator who knows that leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) has occurred due to this lighting, stops the fluid purification device, or between the inner pipe (16a) and the outer pipe (16b). Equal pressure water containing sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid is removed from the inter-tube space. As a result, the occurrence of damage to the outer pipe (16b) due to contact with pressure equalized water containing sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is reduced, and high-temperature and high-pressure fluid is ejected from the corrosion damaged portion of the outer pipe of the purification fluid transport pipe 16. The possibility of being lost can be reduced. In addition, as an electrical conductivity meter used for the leak detection sensor 42, CM-30R made by Toa DKK Co., Ltd. can be illustrated.

  Although the example in which the reaction tank 20 and the purified fluid transport pipe 16 are arranged in a horizontal orientation that extends in the horizontal direction has been described, they may be arranged in a vertical orientation that extends in the vertical direction. Moreover, you may arrange | position with the inclination attitude | position inclined from the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, respectively. In a vertically installed posture or an inclined posture, the mixed fluid may flow from above to below, or the mixed fluid may flow from below to above against gravity.

  Moreover, although the example which provided the heat exchanger 9 as a cooling means was demonstrated, you may use the equalized water cooling device 39 as a cooling means, without providing the heat exchanger 9. FIG. In this case, during the operation of the apparatus, the equalized water cooling apparatus 39 is operated even if no leakage is detected.

Next, the fluid purification device of each reference example in which a part of the configuration of the fluid purification device according to the reference embodiment is replaced with another configuration will be described. Unless otherwise specified, the configuration of the fluid purification device according to each reference example is the same as that of the reference embodiment.
[ Reference Example 1]
In the fluid purification device according to the reference example 1, the leak detection sensor 42 includes a pH meter. An example of such a pH meter is a 9794 type manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.

  If damage due to corrosion occurs in the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 and the purified fluid in the inner pipe (16a) leaks into the space between the pipes, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are mixed in the pressure equalized water. Since the equalized water usually consists only of fresh water, the pH is around 7. When sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is mixed in this pressure equalized water, the pH detected by the leak detection sensor 42 suddenly decreases. Thereby, the leakage of the mixed fluid from the inner pipe (16a) to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that the purified fluid has leaked based on the fact that the pH detected by the leak detection sensor 42 has become lower than a predetermined threshold. When a leak occurs, the leak occurrence alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on to transmit an alarm.

[ Reference Example 2]
In the fluid purification device according to the reference example 2, the leak detection sensor 42 is composed of an absorptiometer. If the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is damaged by corrosion and the purified fluid in the inner cylinder (inner pipe 16a) leaks into the inter-tube space, the inorganic solids are mixed in the pressure equalized water. Become. This inorganic solid is derived from the waste water W. Since the pressure equalizing water is usually only clean water and has high transparency, the absorbance detected by the leak detection sensor 42 is a very low value. When an inorganic solid is mixed in this pressure equalized water, the absorbance detected by the leak detection sensor 42 suddenly increases. Thereby, the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that the purified fluid has leaked based on the fact that the absorbance detected by the leak detection sensor 42 is higher than a predetermined threshold. When a leak occurs, the leak occurrence alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on to transmit an alarm.

[ Reference Example 3]
In the fluid purification device according to Reference Example 3, the leak detection sensor 42 is composed of an ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) emission analyzer. The ICP emission analyzer analyzes the composition of elements contained in a test liquid. When damage due to corrosion occurs in the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 and the purified fluid in the inner pipe (16a) leaks into the inter-tube space, a small amount of titanium is mixed into the pressure equalized water. . This is because the titanium constituting the inner pipe (16a) is dissolved in the purified fluid by sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and flows out into the pressure equalized water.

  The pressure equalizing water is usually only fresh water and does not contain any titanium. When titanium in the inner pipe (16a) is dissolved in the purified fluid and mixed with the pressure equalized water, the leakage detection sensor 42 detects titanium. Thereby, the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that the purified fluid has leaked based on the detection of titanium by the leak detection sensor 42. When a leak occurs, the leak occurrence alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on to transmit an alarm.

[ Reference Example 4]
In the fluid purification device according to the reference example 4, the dedicated leak detection sensor 42 for detecting the leak is not provided. Instead, the second equalized water pressure gauge 40 is also used as a leak detection sensor.

Further, in the fluid purification device according to Reference Example 4, the pressure of the equalized water in the inter-tube space between the inner pipe (16a) and the outer pipe (16b) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is purified in the inner pipe. The pressure is kept slightly higher than the pressure of the spent fluid. For this reason, the first threshold value related to the pressure equalizing water is set to a value slightly higher than the target pressure value of the purified fluid in the inner pipe.

  When damage due to corrosion occurs in the inner pipe (16a) and the inter-tube space and the inner pipe communicate with each other at the damaged portion, a large amount of equalized water begins to flow into the inner cylinder from the inter-tube space having a higher pressure. The pressure equalized water that has flowed into the inner pipe is eventually discharged from the inner pipe to the resin pipe described above. When the equalized water is discharged in this manner, the pressure detected by the second equalized water pressure gauge 40 is rapidly reduced.

  As described above, when the pressure detected by the second pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 40 falls below the first threshold value, the second pressure equalizing water tank valve 36 is opened, and the pressure equalizing water enters the pressure equalizing water circulation path. Will be replenished. However, when the inner pipe (16a) is damaged and the equalized water flows out into the inner pipe, the amount of the equalized water replenished in the circulation path of the equalized water is larger than the amount of the equalized water in the inner pipe. The amount of pressure-equalized water that flows into the water increases. For this reason, the pressure detected by the second pressure equalizing water pressure gauge 40 continues to decrease and eventually falls below a predetermined second threshold value lower than the first threshold value. Thereby, the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that the purified fluid has leaked based on the fact that the pressure detected by the leak detection sensor 42 has become lower than the predetermined second threshold value. When a leak occurs, the leak occurrence alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on to transmit an alarm.

[ Reference Example 5]
In the fluid purification device according to Reference Example 5, as in the fluid purification device according to Modification Example 4, the pressure of the equalized water in the inter-space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the purification fluid transport pipe 16 is changed to The pressure is maintained slightly higher than the pressure of the purified fluid in the pipe. Further, the leak detection sensor 42 is composed of a flow meter. As described in Reference Example 4, if damage due to corrosion occurs in the inner pipe and the inter-tube space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe communicates with the inner pipe at the damaged portion, the inter-pipe space with higher pressure is used. Many equal pressure waters begin to flow into the inner pipe. Then, the amount of the equalized water that flows out from the inter-tube space into the inner pipe becomes larger than the amount of the equalized water that is replenished from the second equalized water tank 35 into the equalized water circulation path. As a result, the flow rate of the equalized water in the circulation path is rapidly reduced.

  The programmable sequencer grasps that the purified fluid has leaked based on the fact that the flow rate detected by the leak detection sensor 42 is less than a predetermined threshold. When a leak occurs, the leak occurrence alarm lamp on the control panel is turned on to transmit an alarm.

Then, the fluid purifying apparatus according to the reference embodiment and the reference example will be described the fluid purifying apparatus of the embodiment obtained by adding more characteristic configuration. Incidentally, unless otherwise noted below, the configuration of the fluid purifying apparatus according to the embodiment is similar to the reference embodiment and the reference example.
In the fluid purification device, the size of the reaction tank 20 is determined based on the amount of waste water discharged from the facility where the fluid purification device is installed, the operation time per day of the fluid purification device, and the like. The shorter the operation time per day, the greater the amount of waste water that must be treated per unit time, so the reaction tank 20 needs to be enlarged. From the viewpoint of cost, it is desirable to drive at night and make the driving time per day as long as possible.

  However, there are no workers at night. For this reason, when the leakage of the purified fluid to the inter-tube space due to damage to the inner pipe (16a) occurs at night, the operation of removing the purified fluid leaking into the inter-tube space from the inter-tube space is not performed until the next morning. In addition, the corrosion of the outer tube (16b) may be greatly advanced.

Therefore, also in the fluid purifying apparatus according to the embodiment, similar to the fluid purifying apparatus according to the reference example 4, the inner tube and (16a) equalizing pressure water pressure in the tube between the space between the outer tube (16b), The pressure is maintained slightly higher than the pressure of the purified fluid in the inner pipe. In the fluid purification device according to the embodiment , the process of removing the purified fluid from the inter-tube space is automatically controlled by the control of the programmable sequencer when leakage of the purified fluid from the inner tube to the inter-tube space is detected. It is supposed to be done with. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing each step of the emergency measure process performed by the programmable sequencer when leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe (16a) to the inter-tube space is detected.

  The programmable sequencer that has started emergency measure processing based on the detection of leakage of the purified fluid into the inter-tube space first closes the raw water tank valve 30 (step 1: hereinafter, step is denoted as S). Then, the fresh water tank valve 32 is opened (S2). Thereby, the fluid pumped into the inner cylinder of the reaction tank 20 by the raw water supply pump 3 is switched from the waste water W to fresh water. By this switching, even if the oxidative decomposition reaction of the organic substance in the reaction tank 20 is stopped, waste water that has not been purified is not discharged.

  Next, a programmable sequencer stops the pumping of the air into the reaction tank 20 by stopping the oxidizing agent pumping pump 6 (S3). Due to this stop, the oxygen in the inner cylinder of the reaction tank 20 will eventually disappear, and the oxidative decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the inner cylinder stops.

  When the programmable sequencer stops the oxidant pump 6, next, the preheating heater 33 and the reaction tank heater 23 are forcibly stopped (S 4). Thereby, it is avoided that the mixed fluid and the equalized water in the reaction tank 20 are heated by heating with the heater.

  Next, the programmable sequencer that has stopped heating from the outside by forcibly stopping the heater operates the equalized water cooling device 39 to start cooling the equalized water in the purified fluid transport pipe 16 (S5). Then, the driving speed of the second equalizing water pump 37 is increased (S6). As a result, the flow rate of the equalized water in the equalized water circulation path for the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is increased, and the equalized pressure from the inter-cylinder space through the damaged portion of the inner pipe (16a) into the inner pipe (16a). Increase the back flow of water. The equalized water in the inter-cylinder space flows back into the inner pipe through the damaged portion of the inner pipe (16a), so that the purified fluid mixed with the equalized water is gradually returned to the inner pipe. At the same time, for the reasons described later, the equalized water in the second equalized water tank 35 is appropriately supplemented to the equalized water in the circulation path, so that the concentration of the mixed fluid in the equalized water gradually decreases. . That is, the purified fluid that has been mixed in the pressure equalized water is gradually removed.

  Next, when the pressure of the equalized water in the equalized water circulation path is lower than the first threshold value described above (Y in S7) for the reaction tank 20 and the purified fluid transport pipe 16, respectively, the programmable sequencer is equalized water Open the tank valves (48, 36). Thereby, fresh water is replenished to the equalized water in the equalized water circulation path (S8). On the other hand, if the pressure of the equalized water is equal to or higher than the first threshold (N in S7), the equalized water tank valve (48, 36) is closed to stop the replenishment of fresh water (S9).

  Thereafter, the programmable sequencer determines whether the temperature in the reaction vessel 20 is 50 ° C. or higher (S10). If it is 50 ° C. or higher (Y in S10), the process flow is looped to S7 described above. On the other hand, when it is not 50 degreeC or more (N in S10), the process after S11 is implemented. With such a processing flow, until the temperature in the reaction tank 20 becomes less than 50 ° C., fresh water continues to be supplied to the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 and the equalized water circulation path.

  When the temperature in the reaction tank 20 becomes less than 50 ° C. (N in S10), the programmable sequencer opens the outlet valve 13 greatly (S11), and releases the pressure restriction by the outlet valve 13, thereby allowing the reaction tank 20 to The internal pressure of the inner cylinder (22) and the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is lowered. Further, the first pressure adjustment valve 46 and the second pressure adjustment valve 41 are opened widely (S12), and the pressure restriction by the pressure adjustment valve is released. As a result, the equalized water pressure in the equalized water circulation path is lowered for each of the reaction tank 20 and the purified fluid transport pipe 16. Thereafter, when the pressure in the inner pipe (16a) of the purified fluid transfer pipe 16 and the pressure in the pressure equalization water circulation path are reduced to normal pressure (Y in S13 and Y in S14), the raw water supply pump 3 and the first The two pressure equalizing water pump 37 is stopped (S15), and a series of processing flow is completed.

  In such a configuration, almost all sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are removed from the equalized water in the space between the tubes, and the pressure and temperature of the equalized water, the mixed fluid, and the purified fluid are lowered for each of the reaction tank 20 and the purified fluid transport pipe 16. In this state, the fluid purification device is automatically stopped. As a result, even if the inner pipe of the purified fluid transport pipe 16 is damaged when no worker is present and the purified fluid leaks to the inter-pipe space, sulfuric acid or Hydrochloric acid is automatically removed, and the occurrence of corrosion of the outer tube (16b) due to acid can be more reliably suppressed.

What has been described above is merely an example, and the present invention has a specific effect for each of the following modes.
[Aspect A]
A reaction tank (for example, an organic substance in the purification target fluid is decomposed by an oxidation reaction while pressurizing and heating a purification target fluid (for example, waste water W) and an oxidant (for example, air A) housed in itself. In a fluid purification apparatus having a reaction tank 20) and a purified fluid transport pipe (for example, purified fluid transport pipe 16) that receives and transports the purified fluid discharged from the reaction tank, the purified fluid transport pipe A multi-tube structure including a tube (for example, the inner tube 16a) and an outer tube (for example, the outer tube 16b) that encloses the tube so that the purified fluid discharged from the reaction tank is received in the inner tube. A pressurizing fluid pumping means (for example, a second pressure equalizing water pump 37) for pumping a pressurizing fluid for pressurizing the inner tube from the outside into a space between the inner tube and the outer tube; Leakage detection for detecting leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the space between the pipes through a cooling means (for example, heat exchanger 9) for cooling the purified fluid in the pipe and a corrosion damaged portion of the inner pipe Means (for example, a leakage detection sensor 42) and alarm transmission means (for example, a programmable sequencer or a control panel) for transmitting an alarm based on the detection of leakage of the purified fluid by the leakage detection means. It is what.

[Aspect B]
Aspect B is the electrical conductivity in the pressurization fluid (for example, pressure equalized water) in the inter-tube space or the pressurization fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-pipe space. The leakage detection means is configured to detect the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space based on the change of the above. With such a configuration, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage of the purified fluid from the inner tube to the inter-tube space using an electric conductivity meter.

[Aspect C]
Aspect C is the aspect A in the inner pipe based on a change in pH in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space. The leak detection means is configured to detect a fluid leak into the space between the pipes. In such a configuration, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space using a pH meter.

[Aspect D]
Aspect D is based on the change in absorbance in aspect A in the pressurization fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurization fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space. The leak detection means is configured to detect a fluid leak into the space between the pipes. In such a configuration, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage of the purified fluid from the inner tube to the inter-tube space using an absorptiometer.

[Aspect E]
Aspect E is the aspect A according to the aspect A, in which the internal pressure is changed based on the change in the elemental composition in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space. The leakage detection means is configured to detect leakage of fluid from the inside of the pipe into the space between the pipes. In such a configuration, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space using the ICP emission analyzer.

[Aspect F]
Aspect F is the pressure adjustment means (for example, the second pressure adjustment valve 41) that adjusts the pressure of the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space to be higher than the pressure of the fluid in the inner pipe. ) And the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space, and from the inner pipe to the inter-tube The leakage detection means is configured to detect leakage of fluid into the space. In such a configuration, it is possible to detect whether or not the purified fluid leaks from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space using the pressure gauge.

[Aspect G]
An aspect G is the aspect A in which the pressurization fluid discharge means (for example, the equalized water discharge portion 16d) for discharging the pressurization fluid in the intertube space to the outside of the intertube space, and the pressurization fluid in the intertube space. Pressure adjusting means (for example, the second pressure adjusting valve 41) for adjusting the pressure of the pressure fluid so as to be higher than the pressure of the fluid in the inner pipe, and pressurizing fluid in the space between the pipes; Alternatively, the leak detection so as to detect leakage of fluid from the inner cylinder into the inter-cylinder space based on a flow rate change in the pressurizing fluid discharged from the reaction tank after passing through the inter-cylinder space. It is characterized by comprising means. In such a configuration, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space using the flow meter.

[Aspect H]
Aspect H is a control according to any one of aspects A to G, in which a process for stopping heating by the heating means (for example, the reaction vessel heater 23) is performed based on detection of fluid leakage by the leakage detection means. Means (for example, a programmable sequencer) is provided. In such a configuration, when leakage is detected, the temperature of the fluid in the reaction vessel can be lowered by stopping the heating means.

[Aspect I]
Aspect I is that in aspect H, a cooling fluid pumping means (for example, raw water supply pump 3) that pumps a cooling fluid into the inner pipe, and a purification that pumps the purification target fluid before purification toward the reaction tank. A pre-fluid pumping means (for example, raw water supply pump 3), and stopping the pumping of the fluid to be purified by the pre-purification fluid pumping means based on detection of fluid leakage by the leak detecting means; and The control unit is configured to perform a process of starting the pumping of the cooling fluid by the cooling fluid pumping unit. In such a configuration, when the leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space is detected, the purification target fluid that is not purified is discharged from the reaction tank by stopping the supply of the purification target fluid to the reaction tank. Without removing the acid from the inter-tube space. Further, by supplying clean water as a cooling fluid into the inner pipe, the temperature of the purified fluid in the inner pipe can be quickly lowered.

[Aspect J]
Aspect J is based on the fact that, in aspect H or I, an oxidant pumping means (for example, an oxidant pump 6) for pumping an oxidant to the reaction tank is provided, and a fluid leak is detected by the leak detector. Then, based on the process of increasing the pumping amount per unit time of the pressurizing fluid by the pressurizing fluid pumping means and the leakage of the fluid detected by the leak detecting means, the oxidizing agent by the oxidizing agent pumping means The control means is configured to perform the process of stopping the pumping. In such a configuration, when the leakage of the purified fluid is detected, the pumping of the oxidant is stopped, so that the oxidative decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the reaction tank is stopped quickly, and the generation of acid accompanying the oxidative differentiation is prevented. Can be stopped. Further, by increasing the pumping amount of the pressurizing fluid per unit time, the backflow of the pressurizing fluid (for example, equalized water) from the inter-tube space to the inner pipe through the damaged portion of the inner pipe is promoted, and the pipe The acid can be removed from the interspace.

3: Raw water supply pump (fluid pre-purification means)
6: Oxidant pump (oxidant pump)
16: Purified fluid transfer pipe 16a: Inner pipe 16b: Outer pipe 16d: Pressure equalizing water discharge section (pressurizing fluid discharge means)
20: Reaction tank 21: Outer cylinder 22: Inner cylinder 23: Reaction tank heater (heating means)
37: Second equalized water pump (pressurizing fluid pumping means)
42: Leak detection sensor (leak detection means)
W: Wastewater (Purified fluid)
A: Air (oxidizer)

JP 2001-170664 A

Claims (8)

A reaction tank for decomposing organic substances in the purification target fluid by an oxidation reaction while pressurizing and heating the purification target fluid and the oxidant contained therein, and a purified tank discharged from the reaction tank In a fluid purification device having a purification fluid transport pipe for receiving and transporting fluid,
The purified fluid transport pipe has a multi-tube structure including at least an inner pipe and an outer pipe containing the inner pipe so that the purified fluid discharged from the reaction tank is received in the inner pipe.
A pressurizing fluid pumping means for pumping a pressurizing fluid for pressurizing the inner pipe from the outside into a space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and a cooling means for cooling the purified fluid in the inner pipe; A leakage detecting means for detecting leakage of the purified fluid from the inner pipe through the corrosion damage portion of the inner pipe into the space between the pipes, and the leakage of the purified fluid detected by the leakage detecting means. An alarm transmitting means for transmitting an alarm based on the above, a heating means for heating the purification target fluid and the oxidant in the reaction tank, a cooling fluid pumping means for pumping a cooling fluid into the inner pipe, and the reaction The pre-purification fluid pumping means for pumping the pre-purification fluid toward the tank, and the pre-purification fluid pumping means for pumping the target fluid to be purified based on the fluid leakage detected by the leak detection means. Stop and Heating by means stops, and the cooling fluid pumping means fluid purification apparatus according to claim the process for starting the pumping of cooling fluid to the provision and control means for implementation by. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
Based on the change in electrical conductivity in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space, or in the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space, A fluid purification apparatus comprising the leakage detection means so as to detect leakage of the purified fluid to the fluid. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
Based on the change in pH in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space, or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space, the inside tube to the inter-tube space A fluid purification apparatus, wherein the leakage detection means is configured to detect fluid leakage. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
Based on the change in absorbance in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or in the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space, the inside pipe is moved into the inter-tube space. A fluid purification apparatus, wherein the leakage detection means is configured to detect fluid leakage. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
Based on the change in the elemental composition of the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space, from the inner tube to the inter-tube space A fluid purification apparatus comprising the leakage detection means so as to detect leakage of fluid. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
While providing a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing fluid in the space between the tubes to be higher than the pressure of the fluid in the inner tube,
Fluid from the inner pipe to the inter-tube space based on a pressure change in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the purified fluid transport pipe after passing through the inter-tube space A fluid purification apparatus, wherein the leakage detection means is configured to detect leakage. The fluid purification device according to claim 1,
A pressurizing fluid discharging means for discharging the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space out of the inter-tube space;
A pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing fluid in the space between the pipes to be higher than the pressure of the fluid in the inner pipe; and
Based on the flow rate change in the pressurizing fluid in the inter-tube space or the pressurizing fluid discharged from the reaction tank after passing through the inter-cylinder space, the fluid from the inner cylinder to the inter-cylinder space A fluid purification apparatus, wherein the leakage detection means is configured to detect leakage. The fluid purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
While providing an oxidant pumping means for pumping the oxidant to the reaction vessel,
Based on the detection of the fluid leakage by the leakage detection means, a process for increasing the pumping amount of the pressurizing fluid per unit time by the pressurizing fluid pumping means, and the fluid detection by the leak detection means On the basis of this, the control means is configured to perform the process of stopping the pumping of the oxidant by the oxidant pumping means.

Images