JP6029175B2 - Ship - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration isolation technique for marine equipment in a ship.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a vibration isolator that is provided between a hull and a prime mover installed on the hull and suppresses transmission of vibration from the prime mover to the hull. This vibration isolator has a vibration isolating structure that absorbs vertical vibrations by a coil spring and absorbs horizontal vibrations by a mesh spring.

JP 2011-196441 A

  In the vibration isolator as described above, since the structure is complicated, it is difficult to finely adjust the vibration generator (prime mover) and correct it after installation. For this reason, when changing the anti-vibration structure of the marine equipment in the existing ship, there is a problem that a large construction is required on the hull side and the processing cost increases. In addition, since the overall height of the vibration isolator increases, the height fluctuation due to creep increases, and there is a problem that the repair interval for height adjustment of marine equipment is shortened.

  In view of the above, the present invention provides a technique capable of making fine adjustments according to the vibration force of marine equipment serving as a vibration generator mounted on an existing ship and improving creep properties.

In Claim 1, in the ship provided with the vibration proof structure installed between the marine equipment and the hull, the vibration proof structure is in a state where a gap is provided between the marine equipment and the mounting base of the hull. A vibration isolating material configured by pouring a liquid synthetic rubber into the gap and then curing it, and the marine equipment is fixed to the hull by a fastener via the vibration isolating material, and the vibration isolating material Is constructed by pouring liquid synthetic rubber into a mold installed on the installation base side of the hull with a mounting bolt as a fastener installed, and curing the mold. The bottom surface of the mold is placed on the installation base side, and the shape of the mold determines the plane shape and thickness of the anti-vibration material, and the gap between the marine equipment and the hull is predetermined. If it is larger than the dimensions, Without changing the dimensions of the thickness is obtained by the construction of arranging a spacer between the mounting base and the vibration damping material of the hull.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the marine equipment is an engine and a generator driven by the engine, and the vibration isolator is provided so as to maintain a positional relationship in the height direction of the engine and the generator. is there.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the contact area of the vibration isolator to the mounting surface of the marine equipment and the hull is set so that the natural frequency of the vibration isolator does not resonate with the vibration in the acoustic range generated by the marine equipment. Is.

  According to the present invention, it becomes possible to make fine adjustments according to the vibration generating force of marine equipment that is a vibration generating device mounted on an existing ship, and the total height of the vibration isolating material included in the vibration isolating structure is reduced to perform creep. Can be improved.

It is a figure which shows the attachment part to the hull of marine equipment, and shows embodiment which installed the main engine and generator supported by the common platform on the hull. It is an expanded sectional view of an attaching part. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that a vibration isolator is installed in an attaching part in 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view of a vibration isolator. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that a vibration isolator is installed in an attaching part in 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view of a vibration isolator. It is a figure which shows embodiment of the vibration isolator according to the magnitude | size of the clearance gap between marine equipment and a hull. It is a figure which shows piping of the main engine. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the main engine (or main power generation engine) and the hull frame of a ship. It is a figure which shows another form of marine equipment, and shows embodiment which installed the vibration isolator in the model in which a main generator engine and a main generator (or a main engine and a deceleration reverse rotation machine) are directly connected to the fuselage. It is a figure which shows another form of marine equipment, and shows embodiment which installed the vibration isolator in the exhaust pipe fixing | fixed part of the engine (main engine or main power generation engine). It is a figure which shows another form of marine equipment, and embodiment which installed the vibration isolator in the support part of the ventilation fan of an engine room is shown. It is a figure which shows another form of marine equipment, and shows embodiment which installed the vibration isolator in the piping fixing | fixed part of the pump. It is an expanded sectional view which shows another form of an attaching part.

  The marine equipment provided in the marine vessel refers to a device that becomes a vibration generation source by vibrating force unique to the marine equipment. That is, marine equipment is equipment that is required to have a vibration-proof structure that suppresses transmission of vibration to the hull in the ship. The marine equipment of the present embodiment includes a prime mover such as a main engine that drives a propeller via a speed reducer, a main generator engine that drives a main generator, or an auxiliary engine that drives an electric motor, and a prime mover (main engine, main generator). Engine or auxiliary engine) exhaust pipe, engine room ventilation fan, piping connected to pumps, or air conditioning equipment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the marine equipment 1 is installed on the hull 2 via a vibration isolator 3. The vibration isolator 3 is made of synthetic rubber. As a kind of synthetic rubber, what is necessary is just to be able to be used for marine equipment. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the marine equipment 1 here is a main engine 11 and a generator 12 installed on a common floor 10. The anti-vibration material 3 is sandwiched in a gap provided between the lower surface of the common platform 10 that is the mounting surface on the marine equipment 1 side and the upper surface of the mounting table 20 that is the mounting surface on the hull 2 side, so that the marine equipment An anti-vibration structure is provided between 1 and the hull 2. Then, with the vibration isolator 3 disposed, the common platform 10 is fastened and fixed to the installation base 20 using the installation bolts 4 and nuts 5 and 5, and the marine equipment 1 is directly fastened to the hull 2. Thus, the marine equipment 1 is directly attached to the hull 2.

[First embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 3, the vibration isolator 3 is molded into a shape that can be inserted between the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2 while avoiding the installation bolt 4 with the installation bolt 4 (fastener) installed. ing. The anti-vibration material 3 is a flat plate member having a predetermined thickness, and is provided with a notch from the center to the center of one side of the square. This notch has a shape that is cut out linearly toward the circle so that the circle corresponding to the outer peripheral shape (cross-sectional shape) of the installation bolt 4 is located at the center, and is installed in the notch. By passing the bolts 4, the installation bolts 4 are provided so as to be positioned at the center of the vibration isolator 3. That is, the anti-vibration material 3 is installed in a state (cured state) that is preliminarily shaped according to the shape of the attachment portion that attaches the marine equipment 1 to the hull 2.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the natural frequency of the vibration isolator 3 is determined by the contact area of the vibration isolator 3 with the common floor 10 and the installation base 20. This natural frequency is set to a value according to the vibration force of the marine equipment 1. More specifically, it is set to a value that does not resonate with the vibration in the acoustic range generated by the marine equipment 1, and is set to ensure soundproofing by attenuating the vibration in the acoustic range.

  As described above, when the vibration isolator 3 is molded, the surface shape can be changed to finely adjust the area of the contact surface, and the natural frequency can be set to an arbitrary continuous value. it can. Thereby, it is possible to provide the optimal vibration isolator 3 for preventing the vibration generated by the marine equipment 1. In particular, it is possible to effectively reduce the noise in the living room space by reducing the vibration in the acoustic range that leads to noise.

  When the vibration isolator 3 is installed, the marine equipment 1 is separated from the hull 2 and inserted into the gap. At this time, by setting the shape of the vibration isolator 3 along the outer peripheral shape of the installation bolt 4 as described above, positioning of the vibration isolator 3 is facilitated and workability is improved. Thus, assembling property can be improved by installing after isolating the vibration isolator 3 into a desired shape. Since it is not necessary to finish the mounting surface on which the vibration isolator 3 is installed, it is possible to reduce the work process. By forming the vibration isolator 3 before installation, the thickness of the vibration isolator 3 can also be arbitrarily adjusted. For this reason, in consideration of the weight distribution of the marine equipment 1, etc., an optimum mounting structure is obtained by partially increasing or decreasing the thickness according to the arrangement of the vibration isolator 3 or partially changing the hardness. Can be realized. Further, by adding or removing the vibration isolator 3 after installation, fine adjustment can be easily performed, and matching with the marine equipment 1 can be easily improved.

  Moreover, weather resistance and oil resistance are securable by comprising the vibration isolator 3 with a synthetic rubber. And since vibration-proof property can be ensured with the simple structure which arrange | positions the vibration-proof material 3 between the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2, the number of parts required for a vibration-proof structure can be reduced. Furthermore, since the thickness of the vibration-proof material 3 can be reduced by molding the vibration-proof material 3 with a synthetic rubber having a high vibration-proof capability, the amount of creep proportional to the thickness can be reduced.

[Second Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 5, the vibration isolator 3 is provided with a gap between the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2 with the installation bolts 4 (fasteners) installed on the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2, and the hull 2 side. Molding is performed by pouring liquid synthetic rubber into a mold 6 provided on the (mounting table 20) and curing it. The mold 6 has an arbitrarily designed enclosure shape, and is a molding mold installed on the lower surface side, that is, on the installation base 20 side, and determines the three-dimensional shape (planar shape and thickness) of the vibration isolator 3. To do. The mold 6 is removed after the vibration isolator 3 is molded. In the mounting table 20, the surface of the portion into which the liquid synthetic rubber is poured is subjected to a surface treatment for peeling the cured vibration isolator 3. Similarly, the inner surface of the mold 6 is subjected to a surface treatment for facilitating peeling when the mold 6 is removed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the natural frequency of the vibration isolation material 3 is determined by the contact area of the vibration isolation material 3 with the common floor 10 and the installation base 20. This natural frequency is set to a value according to the vibration force of the marine equipment 1. More specifically, it is set to a value that does not resonate with the vibration in the acoustic range generated by the marine equipment 1, and is set to ensure soundproofing by attenuating the vibration in the acoustic range. Moreover, it is good also as a shape which provided the notch toward the one side of the vibration isolator 3 from the installation bolt 4 in order to make it easy to remove the vibration isolator 3 in the case of re-construction.

  As described above, when the vibration isolator 3 is molded, the surface shape can be changed to finely adjust the area of the contact surface, and the natural frequency can be set to an arbitrary continuous value. it can. Thereby, it is possible to provide the optimal vibration isolator 3 for preventing the vibration generated by the marine equipment 1. In particular, it is possible to effectively reduce the noise in the living room space by reducing the vibration in the acoustic range that leads to noise.

  By forming the vibration isolator 3 at the time of installation, the thickness of the vibration isolator 3 can also be arbitrarily adjusted. For this reason, considering the weight distribution of the marine equipment 1, etc., the thickness is partially increased or decreased according to the arrangement of the vibration isolator 3, or the mold 6 is divided to partially increase the hardness. By changing, an optimal mounting structure can be realized. Furthermore, fine adjustment can also be easily performed by adding or removing the vibration isolator 3 after construction, and matching with the marine equipment 1 can be easily improved. In addition, by performing a peeling treatment on the surface on which the vibration isolator 3 is applied, the re-installation of the vibration isolator 3 is simplified and readjustment is facilitated, and the vibration isolator 3 is replaced. The effort at the time can also be reduced.

  Moreover, weather resistance and oil resistance are securable by comprising the vibration isolator 3 with a synthetic rubber. And since vibration-proof property can be ensured with the simple structure which arrange | positions the vibration-proof material 3 between the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2, the number of parts required for a vibration-proof structure can be reduced. Furthermore, since the thickness of the vibration-proof material 3 can be reduced by molding the vibration-proof material 3 with a synthetic rubber having a high vibration-proof capability, the amount of creep proportional to the thickness can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the allowable maximum thickness of the vibration isolator 3 considering creep is assumed to be H. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the gap h1 between the marine equipment 1 (common platform 10) and the hull 2 (installation table 20) is larger than the thickness H, the spacer 7 is arranged on the hull 2 side. Thus, it is possible to cope with the vibration isolator 3 without changing the thickness to H or less. That is, in the existing ship, even when the gap between the mounting surfaces of the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2 is wide, it is possible to arrange the vibration isolator 3 that exhibits a desired effect. Moreover, the vibration isolator 3 can be arrange | positioned, without changing the height of the marine equipment 1, by changing the thickness of the spacer 7. FIG. For example, the positional relationship in the height direction between the main engine 11 and the generator 12 in the first embodiment or the positional relationship in the height direction between the main engine 11 and the generator 12 and the propeller in the second embodiment is maintained. By providing the anti-vibration material 3, the positional relationship in the height direction of each device need not be changed greatly. In this way, it is easy to change the vibration isolation structure on the existing ship. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7C, when the gap h2 between the marine equipment 1 (common platform 10) and the hull 2 (installation table 20) is smaller than the thickness H, the volume of the vibration isolator 3 It can also be spread to the side to earn money. Even in this case, the contact area between the vibration isolator 3 and the marine equipment 1 is set such that the natural frequency of the vibration isolator 3 is a value corresponding to the vibration generating force of the marine equipment 1. As described above, even when the vibration isolator 3 of the present embodiment is applied to an existing ship, it is possible to exhibit the optimum vibration isolating effect and sound insulating effect with simple construction.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the amount of creep of the vibration isolator 3 can be reduced, and the vibration isolating effect of the vibration isolator 3 can be sufficiently expected. Therefore, the fixed pipe 11 a can be employed for the main engine 11. . Thereby, cost can be reduced compared with the case where flexible piping is used.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the marine equipment 1 in the engine room of the marine vessel is attached via installation bolts provided at positions separated from the frames 21, 22, and 23 of the hull 2. The frames 21, 22, and 23 are main frames that are passed in the width direction of the hull 2, and have a skeleton structure provided over the entire hull 2. The mounting table 20 is provided between the frames 21, 22, and 23. By arranging the marine equipment 1 at a position away from the frames 21, 22, and 23, it is possible to avoid direct vibration transmission to the frames 21, 22, and 23, and to reduce the living room by the damping effect at the frames 21, 22, and 23 It is difficult to transmit vibration to the space. Thus, the anti-vibration effect can be enhanced by disposing the marine equipment 1 away from the frames 21, 22, and 23.

  FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which the marine equipment 1 in which the main generator engine and the main generator are directly connected to the fuselage is installed on the hull 2 via the vibration isolator 3. In this embodiment, the main power generation engine and the main generator are directly connected to the fuselage, so that the positional relationship in the height direction does not change. Also in this case, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment including the common platform 10 are obtained. In addition, the marine equipment 1 in which the main engine 11 and the speed reducer / reverse gear are directly connected to the fuselage also have the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment including the common platform 10.

  FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the exhaust pipe 40 of the main engine 11 (or the main power generation engine) is installed on the hull 2 via the vibration isolator 3. The marine equipment here is an exhaust pipe 40 fixed to the main engine 11 (or main power generation engine), and vibrates when the main engine 11 (or main power generation engine) vibrates. And the vibration-isolating material 3 is arrange | positioned in the attachment part to the hull 2 of the exhaust pipe 40, and it can suppress that the vibration of the exhaust pipe 40 is transmitted to the hull 2. FIG. Furthermore, the natural frequency (contact area with the exhaust pipe 40) of the vibration isolator 3 at this time is set to a value that does not resonate with the natural frequency of the exhaust pipe 40. Thereby, the sound region can be improved by suppressing the vibration in the acoustic range caused by the vibration of the exhaust pipe 40. The same configuration can be applied to the exhaust pipes of other prime movers such as the main power generation engine and the auxiliary engine.

  FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the ventilation fan 50 in the engine room is installed on the hull 2 via the vibration isolator 3. The marine equipment here is a ventilation fan 50 for exhausting air in the engine room. The shape of the vibration isolator 3 at this time is formed in an annular shape according to the shape of the flange that supports the ventilation fan 50, and the natural frequency of the vibration isolator 3 (with the flange that supports the ventilation fan 50). The contact area) is set to a value that does not resonate with the natural frequency of the ventilation fan 50. Thereby, the sound region can be improved by suppressing the vibration in the acoustic range caused by the vibration of the ventilation fan 50.

  FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which a pipe 61 of a pump 60 for circulating cooling water, lubricating oil or the like is installed on a mounting portion of a hull 2 (for example, a ceiling surface of an engine room) via a vibration isolator 3. The marine equipment here is a pipe 61 of the pump 60. The piping 61 extends upward from the side of the pump 60, further extends downward from the upper side of the tank 62, and is connected to the upper surface of the tank 62. The natural frequency (contact area with the pipe 61) of the vibration isolator 3 at this time is set to a value that does not resonate with the natural frequency of the pipe 61. Thereby, the sound region can be improved by suppressing the vibration in the acoustic range caused by the vibration of the pipe 61.

  In addition to marine equipment as described above, it is also possible to install the vibration isolator 3 in a vibration generating device such as an auxiliary engine for driving an electric motor or an air outlet of an air conditioner. The anti-vibration structure including the anti-vibration material 3 can be applied to all marine equipment that can be a vibration generation source. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, in addition to disposing the vibration isolator 3 between the marine equipment 1 and the hull 2, the vibration isolator is attached to the mounting portion on the hull 2 side, that is, the nut 5 fastening portion to the installation bolt 4. Material 3 may be arranged. In this case, vibration from the marine equipment 1 to the hull 2 is vibrated by the vibration isolator 3 disposed between them, and vibration transmitted to the hull 2 side via the installation bolt 4 is transmitted to the hull 2 and the nut. The vibration isolating material 3 disposed between 5 can prevent vibrations, and the effect of preventing vibration transmission to the hull 2 side can be enhanced.

  1: Marine equipment, 2: Hull, 3: Damping material, 4: Installation bolt (fastener), 7: Spacer, 10: Common bed, 20: Installation table

Claims (3)

In a ship having a vibration isolation structure installed between the marine equipment and the hull,
The vibration-proof structure, in a state in which a gap is provided between the mountings of the hull and the marine equipment, together comprising a vibration-proof material constituted by curing after pouring the synthetic rubber of the liquid in the gap ,
The marine equipment is fixed to the hull by a fastener through the vibration isolator,
The vibration isolator is constituted by pouring liquid synthetic rubber into a mold installed on the installation base side of the hull in a state where installation bolts that are fasteners are installed, and curing it.
The mold is an enclosure shape, and a lower surface side is a molding mold placed on the installation base side, and the shape of the mold frame determines the planar shape and thickness dimension of the vibration isolator,
When a gap between the marine equipment and the hull becomes larger than a predetermined dimension, a spacer is disposed between the mounting base of the hull and the vibration isolator without changing the thickness dimension of the vibration isolator. A ship characterized by having a configuration .   The marine equipment is an engine and a generator driven by the engine, and the vibration isolator is provided so as to maintain a positional relationship in the height direction of the engine and the generator. The listed ship.   The contact area of the anti-vibration material with respect to the mounting surface of the marine equipment and the hull is set so that the natural frequency of the anti-vibration material is a value that does not resonate with acoustic vibration generated by the marine equipment. Item 1. A ship according to item 1 or 2.

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