JP6030465B2 - Sliding member and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、摺動部材およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a sliding member and a manufacturing method thereof.
例えば真空ポンプにおいては、乾燥雰囲気下でベーンが摺動する。このような乾燥雰囲気下で摺動する摺動部材には、炭素材料が用いられる。具体的には、主として黒鉛粉末にバインダーを加えてそれらを混練、成型および焼成することにより摺動部材が作製される(例えば、特許文献1)。黒鉛粉末は自己潤滑性が高いので、摺動部材が接触する被摺動部材の損傷および磨耗が抑制される。 For example, in a vacuum pump, a vane slides in a dry atmosphere. A carbon material is used for the sliding member that slides in such a dry atmosphere. Specifically, a sliding member is produced mainly by adding a binder to graphite powder and kneading, molding and firing them (for example, Patent Document 1). Since graphite powder has high self-lubricating property, damage and wear of the sliding member with which the sliding member contacts are suppressed.
しかしながら、一般的に、炭素材料からなる摺動部材は被摺動部材に比べて磨耗しやすい。そのため、定期的に摺動部材を交換する必要があり、コストが増大する。 However, in general, a sliding member made of a carbon material is more easily worn than a sliding member. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the sliding member periodically, which increases the cost.
本発明の目的は、耐摩耗性が向上された摺動部材およびその製造方法を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding member with improved wear resistance and a method for manufacturing the same.
第1の発明に係る摺動部材は、黒鉛、バインダーおよび潤滑剤を含む黒鉛基材と、黒鉛基材中に分散的に存在する球状炭化物粒子とを備え、球状炭化物粒子は球状樹脂粉末の焼成物であり、球状炭化物粒子の残炭率は40%以上90%以下であり、黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.042以上0.36以下であり、黒鉛、潤滑剤および球状樹脂粉末の全体を100重量部とした場合のバインダーの添加量は30重量部以上100重量部以下であり、黒鉛基材は、被摺動部材の被摺動面に対して摺動可能な摺動面を有し、FC200の鋳鉄からなる被摺動部材の算術平均粗さが0.04以下である被摺動面に摺動面を0.2MPaの圧力で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させた場合に、磨耗によって減少する摺動部材の厚みが0.095mm以下であるものである。 A sliding member according to a first invention includes a graphite base material containing graphite , a binder, and a lubricant, and spherical carbide particles dispersedly present in the graphite base material . The spherical carbide particles are obtained by firing a spherical resin powder. The residual carbon ratio of spherical carbide particles is 40% or more and 90% or less, and the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to graphite is 0.042 or more and 0.36 or less, and graphite, lubricant, and spherical resin When the total amount of powder is 100 parts by weight, the amount of binder added is 30 parts by weight or more and 100 parts by weight or less, and the graphite base material is slidable with respect to the sliding surface of the sliding member. In a state where the sliding surface is pressed against a sliding surface having a surface and an arithmetic average roughness of a sliding member made of cast iron of FC200 being 0.04 or less at a pressure of 0.2 MPa, 8.1 m / Reduced by wear when slid at 100 s for 100 hours That the thickness of the sliding member is not more than 0.095 mm.
その摺動部材においては、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材中に球状炭化物粒子が分散的に存在する。それにより、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。 In the sliding member, spherical carbide particles exist in a dispersed manner in a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder. Thereby, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
球状炭化物粒子の粒径は、1μm以上150μm以下の範囲であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。
第2の発明に係る摺動部材は、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材と、黒鉛基材中に分散的に存在する球状炭化物粒子とを備え、球状炭化物粒子は、黒鉛およびバインダーと混練された状態の球状樹脂粉末の焼成物であるものである。
球状炭化物粒子の粒径は、1μm以上150μm以下の範囲であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。
The particle size of the spherical-shaped carbide particles may be 150μm or less the range of 1 [mu] m. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
A sliding member according to a second invention includes a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder, and spherical carbide particles dispersedly present in the graphite base material, and the spherical carbide particles are kneaded with graphite and a binder. It is a fired product of spherical resin powder in a state.
The particle size of the spherical carbide particles may be in the range of 1 μm to 150 μm. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
黒鉛基材は、潤滑材をさらに含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。 Black Namarimotozai may further comprise a lubricant. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
摺動部材は、被摺動部材の被摺動面に対して摺動可能な摺動面を有し、FC200の鋳鉄からなる被摺動部材の算術平均粗さが0.04以下である被摺動面に摺動面を0.2MPaの圧力で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させた場合に、磨耗によって減少する摺動部材の厚みが0.095mm以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の摺動面の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。 Sliding member has a slidable sliding surface with respect to the sliding surface of the sliding member, the arithmetic mean roughness of the sliding member made of cast iron FC200 is 0.04 or less to be When the sliding surface is pressed against the sliding surface at a pressure of 0.2 MPa and sliding at a speed of 8.1 m / s for 100 hours, the thickness of the sliding member that decreases due to wear is 0.095 mm or less. It may be. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding surface of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
第3の発明に係る摺動部材の製造方法は、黒鉛および球状樹脂粉末を含む混合粉末とバインダーとを混練することにより混合基材を作製する工程と、作製された混合基材を成形する工程と、成形された混合基材に含まれる球状樹脂粉末が球状炭化物粒子となる焼成温度で、当該成形された混合基材を焼成する工程とを備えるものである。 The manufacturing method of the sliding member according to the third invention includes a step of producing a mixed base material by kneading a mixed powder containing graphite and spherical resin powder and a binder, and a step of forming the produced mixed base material When, at a firing temperature of spherical resin powder contained in the mixed base material molded it becomes globular carbide particles, in which obtain Bei and a step of firing the shaped mixture substrate.
この製造方法により製造された摺動部材においては、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材中に球状炭化物粒子が分散的に存在する。それにより、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。 In the sliding member manufactured by this manufacturing method, spherical carbide particles exist in a dispersed manner in a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder. Thereby, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
球状樹脂粉末は、球状フェノール樹脂粉末であり、焼成する工程における焼成温度は、700℃以上1300℃以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。 Spherical shaped resin powder is spherical phenol resin powder, the firing temperature in the step of firing may be of 700 ° C. or higher 1300 ° C. or less. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合基材は、混合粉末100重量部に対して4重量部以上の球状樹脂粉末を含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。 Mixing substrate in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may comprise 4 or more parts by weight of spherical resin powder the mixed powder 100 parts by weight. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合基材は、混合粉末100重量部に対して25重量部以下の球状樹脂粉末を含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。 Mixing substrate in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may include 25 parts by weight or less of spherical resin powder the mixed powder 100 parts by weight. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.042以上であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。 The proportion by weight of spherical resin powder to graphite mixed powder in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may be of 0.042 or more. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.36以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。 The proportion by weight of spherical resin powder to graphite mixed powder in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may be 0.36 or less. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.065以上であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより十分に向上される。 The proportion by weight of spherical resin powder to graphite mixed powder in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may be of 0.065 or more. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is more sufficiently improved.
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.067以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより十分に向上される。 The proportion by weight of spherical resin powder to graphite mixed powder in the step of preparing a mixed Gomotozai may be of 0.067 or less. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is more sufficiently improved.
混合粉末は、潤滑材をさらに含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。 Mixed-powder may further comprise a lubricant. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
本発明によれば、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。 According to the present invention, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
互いに接触した状態で相対的に移動する2つの部材のうち一方の部材を摺動部材と呼び、他方の部材を被摺動部材と呼ぶ。 Of the two members that move relatively in contact with each other, one member is called a sliding member, and the other member is called a sliding member.
以下、本発明の一実施の形態に係る摺動部材について図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, a sliding member according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(1)構成
本実施の形態では、摺動部材は可動部材であり、被摺動部材は固定部材である。例えば、ベーンポンプでは、ベーンが摺動部材であり、ケーシングが被摺動部材である。摺動部材および被摺動部材は、互いに接触した状態で摺動可能な面(以下、それぞれ摺動面および被摺動面と呼ぶ)を有する。
(1) Configuration In the present embodiment, the sliding member is a movable member, and the sliding member is a fixed member. For example, in a vane pump, the vane is a sliding member and the casing is a sliding member. The sliding member and the sliding member have surfaces that can slide in contact with each other (hereinafter, referred to as a sliding surface and a sliding surface, respectively).
本実施の形態に係る摺動部材は、黒鉛粉末に球状樹脂粉末を添加してそれらを混練、成形および焼成することにより作製される。図1は、摺動部材について説明するための模式図である。図1に示すように、摺動部材においては、主として黒鉛およびバインダーからなる黒鉛基材B中に球状炭化物Pが分散的に存在する。球状炭化物Pは、黒鉛基材B中の他の材料よりも硬度が高いことが好ましい。 The sliding member according to the present embodiment is manufactured by adding spherical resin powder to graphite powder and kneading, molding and firing them. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a sliding member. As shown in FIG. 1, in the sliding member, spherical carbides P exist in a dispersed manner in a graphite base material B mainly composed of graphite and a binder. The spherical carbide P is preferably higher in hardness than other materials in the graphite base material B.
被摺動部材は、例えば、鋳鉄、ステンレス、アルミ合金またはクロームめっきからなる。被摺動部材の摺動面の表面粗さ(算術平均粗さRa;JIS B 0601−2001)は、例えば0.025μm以上0.8μm以下であり、0.025μm以上0.2μm以下であることが好ましい。 The sliding member is made of, for example, cast iron, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or chrome plating. The surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness Ra; JIS B 0601-2001) of the sliding surface of the sliding member is, for example, 0.025 μm to 0.8 μm, and 0.025 μm to 0.2 μm. Is preferred.
(2)製造方法
摺動部材の製造工程の一例について説明する。まず、黒鉛粉末に球状樹脂粉末および潤滑材を添加することにより混合粉末を調製し、さらに混合粉末とバインダーとを加熱しながら混練することにより混合基材を作製する。球状樹脂粉末の添加量は、混合粉末100重量部に対して、例えば1重量部以上30重量部以下であり、4重量部以上25重量部以下であることが好ましい。球状樹脂粉末の粒径は、例えば1μm以上150μm以下であり、5μm以上100μm以下であることが好ましい。また、球状樹脂粉末の平均粒径は、10μm以上30μm以下であることが好ましい。
(2) Manufacturing method An example of the manufacturing process of a sliding member is demonstrated. First, a mixed powder is prepared by adding a spherical resin powder and a lubricant to graphite powder, and a mixed base material is prepared by kneading the mixed powder and a binder while heating. The addition amount of the spherical resin powder is, for example, from 1 part by weight to 30 parts by weight, and preferably from 4 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. The particle size of the spherical resin powder is, for example, 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less, and preferably 5 μm or more and 100 μm or less. The average particle size of the spherical resin powder is preferably 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
黒鉛粉末としては、人造黒鉛粉末、天然黒鉛粉末、鱗状黒鉛粉末またはスート(すす)等を用いることができ、これらのうち複数を混合して用いてもよい。例えば、真比重が2.1以上2.2以下で平均粒径が20μm以上40μm以下である人造黒鉛粉末(以下、人造黒鉛粉末Aと呼ぶ)および真比重が2.25以上で平均粒径が20μm以上40μm以下である人造黒鉛粉末(以下、人造黒鉛粉末Bと呼ぶ)が混合されて用いられる。球状樹脂粉末としては、非融解性を有し、焼成後にも球状の炭化物として残存する樹脂材料が用いられる。焼成後の樹脂材料の残炭率は、例えば40%以上90%以下であり、60%以上70%以下であることが好ましい。例えば、樹脂粉末として、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アミノ樹脂(例えば、メラニン樹脂または尿素樹脂等)、スチレン−ジビニルベンゼン共重合体、またはポリイミド樹脂等を用いることができ、これらのうち複数を混合して用いてもよい。 As the graphite powder, artificial graphite powder, natural graphite powder, scaly graphite powder, soot or the like can be used, and a plurality of these may be mixed and used. For example, artificial graphite powder (hereinafter referred to as artificial graphite powder A) having a true specific gravity of 2.1 or more and 2.2 or less and an average particle size of 20 μm or more and 40 μm or less, and a true specific gravity of 2.25 or more and an average particle size of Artificial graphite powder (hereinafter referred to as artificial graphite powder B) having a size of 20 μm or more and 40 μm or less is mixed and used. As the spherical resin powder, a resin material that is non-melting and remains as a spherical carbide even after firing is used. The residual carbon ratio of the resin material after firing is, for example, 40% or more and 90% or less, and preferably 60% or more and 70% or less. For example, as the resin powder, phenol resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, amino resin (for example, melanin resin or urea resin), styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, polyimide resin, or the like can be used. A plurality of them may be mixed and used.
バインダーとしては、ピッチ、タールまたは熱硬化性樹脂等を用いることができ、これらのうち複数を混合して用いてもよい。バインダーの添加量は、混合粉末100重量部に対して、例えば30重量部以上100重量部以下であり、50重量部以上80重量部以下であることが好ましい。 As the binder, pitch, tar, thermosetting resin, or the like can be used, and a plurality of these may be mixed and used. The added amount of the binder is, for example, 30 parts by weight or more and 100 parts by weight or less, and preferably 50 parts by weight or more and 80 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder.
混練時における加熱温度は、例えば100度以上300度以下である。 The heating temperature at the time of kneading is, for example, not less than 100 degrees and not more than 300 degrees.
潤滑材としては、タルク(Mg3Si4O10(OH)2)、カオリン(Al2O3・2SiO2・2H2O)またはベントナイト等を用いることができ、これらのうち複数を混合して用いてもよい。潤滑材の添加量は、上記混合粉末100重量部に対して、例えば1重量部以上10重量部以下であり、2重量部以上5重量部以下であることが好ましい。混合粉末が潤滑材を含むことにより、摺動部材の摺動面と被摺動部材の被摺動面との間の摩擦を小さくすることができる。また、混合粉末が潤滑材を含むことにより、被摺動部材の被摺動面に炭素皮膜が付着しても、摺動部材の摺動によってその炭素皮膜を削り取ることができる。 As the lubricant, talc (Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2 ), kaolin (Al 2 O 3 .2SiO 2 .2H 2 O), bentonite, or the like can be used. It may be used. The amount of the lubricant added is, for example, from 1 part by weight to 10 parts by weight and preferably from 2 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. When the mixed powder contains the lubricant, the friction between the sliding surface of the sliding member and the sliding surface of the sliding member can be reduced. Moreover, even if a carbon film adheres to the sliding surface of a to-be-slid member because mixed powder contains a lubricant, the carbon film can be scraped off by sliding of a sliding member.
なお、黒鉛粉末および球状樹脂粉末により摺動部材の摺動面と被摺動部材の被摺動面との間の潤滑性が確保される場合には、混合粉末が潤滑材を含まなくてもよい。 In addition, when the lubricity between the sliding surface of the sliding member and the sliding surface of the sliding member is ensured by the graphite powder and the spherical resin powder, the mixed powder does not include a lubricant. Good.
次に、混練によって得られた混合基材を粉砕機により粒状に粉砕する。粉砕後の粒状の混合基材の平均粒径は、10μm以上100μm以下であることが好ましい。続いて、粉砕後の粒状の混合基材を成形した後に焼成する。これにより、球状樹脂粉末が球状炭化物となる。球状炭化物は、主として炭素からなり、樹脂を焼成することにより得られる中間生成物を含んでもよい。このようにして、摺動部材が完成する。混合基材の成形は、例えば、金型を用いた成形であってもよく、またはCIP(Cold Isostatic Pressing)成形であってもよい。焼成温度は、例えば500℃以上1500℃以下であり、700℃以上1300℃以下であることが好ましい。 Next, the mixed base material obtained by kneading is pulverized into granules by a pulverizer. The average particle diameter of the granular mixed base material after pulverization is preferably 10 μm or more and 100 μm or less. Subsequently, the pulverized granular mixed base material is molded and then fired. Thereby, spherical resin powder turns into a spherical carbide. The spherical carbide is mainly composed of carbon, and may include an intermediate product obtained by baking a resin. In this way, the sliding member is completed. Molding of the mixed base material may be, for example, molding using a mold or CIP (Cold Isostatic Pressing) molding. A calcination temperature is 500 degreeC or more and 1500 degrees C or less, for example, and it is preferable that they are 700 degreeC or more and 1300 degrees C or less.
(3)効果
本実施の形態に係る摺動部材においては、黒鉛基材中に球状炭化物粉末が分散的に含まれることにより、摺動面の耐摩耗性が向上される。これは、摺動面に存在する球状炭化物粉末が被摺動部材の被摺動面に点接触するため、摩擦係数が低くなることによると考えられる。
(3) Effect In the sliding member according to the present embodiment, the spherical carbide powder is dispersedly contained in the graphite base material, so that the wear resistance of the sliding surface is improved. This is presumably because the spherical carbide powder present on the sliding surface makes point contact with the sliding surface of the sliding member, so that the friction coefficient is lowered.
後述するように、製造工程における混合粉末中の球状樹脂粉末の割合が4重量部以上25重量部以下であることが好ましい。また、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.042以上0.36以下であることが好ましい。これらの場合には、摺動面の対磨耗性が十分に向上する。例えば、摺動部材の摺動面を鋳鉄製の被摺動部材の被摺動面に0.2MPaの荷重で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させる摺動試験の結果、厚み減少量が0.095mm以下となる。 As will be described later, the ratio of the spherical resin powder in the mixed powder in the production process is preferably 4 parts by weight or more and 25 parts by weight or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite in the mixed powder in a manufacturing process is 0.042 or more and 0.36 or less. In these cases, the wear resistance of the sliding surface is sufficiently improved. For example, a sliding test in which a sliding surface of a sliding member is slid for 100 hours at a speed of 8.1 m / s while being pressed against a sliding surface of a sliding member made of cast iron with a load of 0.2 MPa. As a result, the thickness reduction amount is 0.095 mm or less.
また、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.065以上0.067以下であることが好ましい。この場合には、摺動面の対磨耗性がさらにより十分に向上する。例えば、上記の摺動試験の結果、厚み減少量が0.045mm以下となる。 Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite in the mixed powder in a manufacturing process is 0.065 or more and 0.067 or less. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding surface is further improved sufficiently. For example, as a result of the above sliding test, the thickness reduction amount is 0.045 mm or less.
(4)実施例および比較例
(4−1)実施例
(4−1−1)実施例1
比較的真比重が小さい人造黒鉛粉末A82重量部と人造黒鉛粉末Aより真比重が大きい人造黒鉛粉末B10重量部とからなる合計92重量部の黒鉛粉末に、球状樹脂粉末として6重量部の球状フェノール樹脂粉末および潤滑材として2重量部のタルクを添加し、混合粉末を調製した。さらに、その混合粉末にバインダーとして75重量部のピッチを加えて、混合粉末およびバインダーを250℃で加熱しながら混練した。混練によって得られた混合基材を粉砕機により粒状に粉砕した。この場合、混合基材全体のうち60重量%以上70重量%以下の混合基材の粒径が63μmより小さくなるように、粉砕機の回転数および粉砕時間等の粉砕条件を調整した。
(4) Examples and Comparative Examples (4-1) Examples (4-1-1) Example 1
A total of 92 parts by weight of graphite powder composed of 82 parts by weight of artificial graphite powder A having a relatively small true specific gravity and 10 parts by weight of artificial graphite powder B having a true specific gravity larger than that of artificial graphite powder A, and 6 parts by weight of spherical phenol as spherical resin powder. 2 parts by weight of talc was added as a resin powder and a lubricant to prepare a mixed powder. Further, 75 parts by weight of a pitch was added as a binder to the mixed powder, and the mixed powder and the binder were kneaded while being heated at 250 ° C. The mixed base material obtained by kneading was pulverized into granules by a pulverizer. In this case, pulverization conditions such as the number of revolutions of the pulverizer and the pulverization time were adjusted so that the particle size of the mixed base material of 60% by weight or more and 70% by weight or less of the entire mixed base material was smaller than 63 μm.
その後、金型成形により、100MPaの圧力で混合基材を約170×340×80mmの略直方体形状に成形し、約900℃で焼成して摺動部材を得た。 Thereafter, the mixed base material was formed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a size of about 170 × 340 × 80 mm by molding at a pressure of 100 MPa, and fired at about 900 ° C. to obtain a sliding member.
(4−1−2)実施例2
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を80重量部とし、タルクの割合を4重量部とした点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-1-2) Example 2
A sliding member was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the artificial graphite powder A was 80 parts by weight and the ratio of the talc was 4 parts by weight.
(4−1−3)実施例3
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を70重量部とし、球状フェノール樹脂粉末の割合を25重量部とし、タルクの割合を5重量部とし、人造黒鉛粉末Bを用いない点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-1-3) Example 3
The ratio of the artificial graphite powder A is 70 parts by weight, the ratio of the spherical phenol resin powder is 25 parts by weight, the ratio of talc is 5 parts by weight, and the artificial graphite powder B is not used. A sliding member was prepared.
(4−1−4)実施例4
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を84重量部とし、球状フェノール樹脂粉末の割合を4重量部とした点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-1-4) Example 4
A sliding member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the proportion of the artificial graphite powder A was 84 parts by weight and the proportion of the spherical phenol resin powder was 4 parts by weight.
(4−1−5)実施例5
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を80重量部とし、人造黒鉛粉末Bの割合を5重量部とし、さらに真比重が2.26である天然黒鉛粉末5重量部を加え、タルクの割合を4重量部とした点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-1-5) Example 5
The proportion of artificial graphite powder A is 80 parts by weight, the proportion of artificial graphite powder B is 5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of natural graphite powder having a true specific gravity of 2.26 is added, and the proportion of talc is 4 parts by weight. Except for this point, a sliding member was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
(4−2)比較例
(4−2−1)比較例1
人造黒鉛粉末A88重量部と真比重が2.25である天然黒鉛粉末7.5重量部とからなる合計95.5重量部の黒鉛粉末に4.5重量部のタルクを添加し、混合粉末を調製した。さらに混合粉末にバインダーとして55重量部のピッチを加えた。その後、実施例1と同様に混合粉末およびバインダーを混練、粉砕、成形および焼成することにより摺動部材を得た。
(4-2) Comparative Example (4-2-1) Comparative Example 1
4.5 parts by weight of talc is added to a total of 95.5 parts by weight of graphite powder consisting of 88 parts by weight of artificial graphite powder A and 7.5 parts by weight of natural graphite powder having a true specific gravity of 2.25. Prepared. Further, 55 parts by weight of pitch was added as a binder to the mixed powder. Then, the sliding member was obtained by knead | mixing, grind | pulverizing, shape | molding and baking the mixed powder and the binder similarly to Example 1.
(4−2−2)比較例2
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を80重量部とし、タルクの割合を10重量部とし、球状フェノール樹脂粉末を用いない点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-2-2) Comparative Example 2
A sliding member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the proportion of the artificial graphite powder A was 80 parts by weight, the proportion of talc was 10 parts by weight, and the spherical phenol resin powder was not used.
(4−2−3)比較例3
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を84重量部とし、タルクの割合を6重量部とし、球状フェノール樹脂粉末を用いない点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-2-3) Comparative Example 3
A sliding member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the proportion of artificial graphite powder A was 84 parts by weight, the proportion of talc was 6 parts by weight, and spherical phenol resin powder was not used.
(4−2−4)比較例4
人造黒鉛粉末Aの割合を80重量部とし、人造黒鉛粉末Bの割合を15重量部とし、タルクの割合を5重量部とし、球状フェノール樹脂粉末を用いない点を除いて、実施例1と同様に摺動部材を作製した。
(4-2-4) Comparative Example 4
The ratio of the artificial graphite powder A is 80 parts by weight, the ratio of the artificial graphite powder B is 15 parts by weight, the ratio of talc is 5 parts by weight, and the spherical phenol resin powder is not used. A sliding member was prepared.
(4−3)評価
表1には、実施例1〜5および比較例1〜4における黒鉛粉末、球状樹脂粉末、タルクおよびバインダーの割合、黒鉛粉末に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合(以下、重量割合と呼ぶ)、ならびに焼成後のかさ密度および硬さ(HSD)が示される。
(4-3) Evaluation Table 1 shows the ratio of graphite powder, spherical resin powder, talc and binder in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to the graphite powder (hereinafter, weight). As well as the bulk density and hardness (HSD) after firing.
図2は、光学顕微鏡により観察される実施例1の摺動部材の断面を示す図である。図2に示すように、実施例1の摺動部材においては、周囲の組織と構成が異なる球状の焼成体の存在が確認された。また、他の実施例2〜5の摺動部材の断面を光学顕微鏡により観察したところ、実施例1と同様に、周囲の組織と構成が異なる球状の焼成体の存在が確認された。この焼成体が、球状樹脂粉末を焼成することにより得られる球状炭化物に相当する。 FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section of the sliding member of Example 1 observed with an optical microscope. As shown in FIG. 2, in the sliding member of Example 1, the presence of a spherical fired body having a configuration different from that of the surrounding tissue was confirmed. Moreover, when the cross section of the sliding member of other Examples 2-5 was observed with the optical microscope, presence of the spherical sintered body from which a structure differs from the surrounding structure | tissue was confirmed similarly to Example 1. FIG. This fired body corresponds to a spherical carbide obtained by firing a spherical resin powder.
また、実施例1〜5および比較例1〜4で得られた摺動部材を12.5×20×32mmの略直方体形状に加工し、さらに20×5mmの摺動面を形成することにより摺動試験用のサンプルを作製した。 Further, the sliding members obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were processed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape of 12.5 × 20 × 32 mm, and a sliding surface of 20 × 5 mm was formed to further slide the sliding member. A sample for a dynamic test was prepared.
被摺動部材として鋳鉄製リングを用い、作製されたサンプルの摺動試験を行った。図3は、摺動試験について説明するための模式図である。図3の鋳鉄製リング1の外径は90mmであり、被摺動面である外周面1aの表面粗さRaは、摺動試験前で0.04μmであった。摺動面2aが鋳鉄製リング1の外周面に接触するように、作製されたサンプル2が支持部材3に取り付けられる。支持部材3は、支点3aを軸に揺動可能に設けられる。支持部材3の先端部に分銅4が取り付けられる。分銅4の重さは、サンプル2の摺動面2aが鋳鉄製リング1の外周面1aに0.2MPaの荷重で押し当てられるように設定される。
A cast iron ring was used as the sliding member, and a sliding test of the manufactured sample was performed. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the sliding test. The outer diameter of the
この状態で、鋳鉄製リング1が回転されることにより、サンプル2と鋳鉄製リング1とが相対的に摺動される。本試験は、大気中において室温で行い、鋳鉄製リング1の周速度を8.1m/sとし、回転速度を1730rpmとし、摺動時間を100時間とした。
In this state, when the
表2には、摺動試験におけるサンプルの摺動面の摩擦係数、摺動試験時における室温と摺動部材の温度との差(以下、摺動温度差と呼ぶ)、磨耗によって減少した摺動部材の厚み(以下、厚み減少量と呼ぶ)、および摺動試験後における鋳鉄製リングの外周面の表面粗さRaが示される。 Table 2 shows the coefficient of friction of the sliding surface of the sample in the sliding test, the difference between the room temperature and the temperature of the sliding member in the sliding test (hereinafter referred to as the sliding temperature difference), and the sliding decreased due to wear. The thickness of the member (hereinafter referred to as thickness reduction amount) and the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral surface of the cast iron ring after the sliding test are shown.
表2に示されるように、実施例1〜5においては、厚み減少量が0.033mm以上0.095mm以下となった。一方、比較例1〜4においては、厚み減少量が0.111mm以上0.184mm以下となった。これにより、製造工程における混合粉末が球状樹脂粉末を含むことにより、製造工程における混合粉末が球状樹脂粉末を含まない場合に比べて、厚み減少量が低減されることがわかる。 As shown in Table 2, in Examples 1 to 5, the thickness reduction amount was 0.033 mm or more and 0.095 mm or less. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1-4, the thickness reduction amount became 0.111 mm or more and 0.184 mm or less. Thereby, it turns out that thickness reduction amount is reduced compared with the case where the mixed powder in a manufacturing process does not contain a spherical resin powder because the mixed powder in a manufacturing process contains a spherical resin powder.
また、製造工程における混合粉末中の球状樹脂粉末の割合が4重量部以上25重量部以下である場合には、厚み減少量が0.095mm以下となった。それにより、製造工程における混合粉末中の球状樹脂粉末の割合が4重量部以上25重量部以下であることが好ましいことがわかる。 Moreover, when the ratio of the spherical resin powder in the mixed powder in the production process was 4 parts by weight or more and 25 parts by weight or less, the thickness reduction amount was 0.095 mm or less. Thereby, it turns out that it is preferable that the ratio of the spherical resin powder in the mixed powder in a manufacturing process is 4 to 25 weight part.
また、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛粉末に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.042以上0.36以下である場合には、厚み減少量が0.095mm以下となった。それにより、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛粉末に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.042以上0.36以下であることが好ましいことがわかる。 Moreover, when the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to the graphite powder in the mixed powder in the manufacturing process was 0.042 or more and 0.36 or less, the thickness reduction amount was 0.095 mm or less. Thereby, it turns out that it is preferable that the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite powder in the mixed powder in a manufacturing process is 0.042 or more and 0.36 or less.
さらに、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛粉末に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.065以上0.067以下である場合には、厚み減少量が0.045mm以下となった。それにより、製造工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛粉末に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合が0.065以上0.067以下であることがより好ましいことがわかる。
(5)参考形態
参考形態に係る摺動部材は、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材と、黒鉛基中に分散的に存在する球状炭化物粒子とを備えるものである。
その摺動部材においては、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材中に球状炭化物粒子が分散的に存在する。それにより、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。
球状炭化物粒子の粒径は、1μm以上150μm以下の範囲であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。
黒鉛基材は、潤滑材をさらに含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。
摺動部材は、被摺動部材の被摺動面に対して摺動可能な摺動面を有し、FC200の鋳鉄からなる被摺動部材の算術平均粗さが0.04以下である被摺動面に摺動面を0.2MPaの圧力で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させた場合に、磨耗によって減少する摺動部材の厚みが0.095mm以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の摺動面の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。
参考形態に係る摺動部材の製造方法は、黒鉛および球状樹脂粉末を含む混合粉末とバインダーとを混練することにより混合基材を作製する工程と、作製された混合基材を成形する工程と、成形された混合基材を焼成する工程とを備え、球状樹脂粉末は焼成する工程における焼成温度で球状炭化物粒子となるものである。
この製造方法により製造された摺動部材においては、黒鉛およびバインダーを含む黒鉛基材中に球状炭化物粒子が分散的に存在する。それにより、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。
球状樹脂粉末は、球状フェノール樹脂粉末であり、焼成する工程における焼成温度は、700℃以上1300℃以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合基材は、混合粉末100重量部に対して4重量部以上の球状樹脂粉末を含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合基材は、混合粉末100重量部に対して25重量部以下の球状樹脂粉末を含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.042以上であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.36以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が十分に向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.065以上であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより十分に向上される。
混合基材を作製する工程における混合粉末中の黒鉛に対する球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.067以下であってもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性がより十分に向上される。
混合粉末は、潤滑材をさらに含んでもよい。この場合、摺動部材の耐摩耗性が向上される。
Furthermore, when the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to the graphite powder in the mixed powder in the manufacturing process was 0.065 or more and 0.067 or less, the thickness reduction amount was 0.045 mm or less. Thereby, it turns out that it is more preferable that the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite powder in the mixed powder in a manufacturing process is 0.065 or more and 0.067 or less.
(5) Reference form
The sliding member according to the reference form includes a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder, and spherical carbide particles that are dispersed in the graphite group.
In the sliding member, spherical carbide particles exist in a dispersed manner in a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder. Thereby, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
The particle size of the spherical carbide particles may be in the range of 1 μm to 150 μm. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
The graphite substrate may further contain a lubricant. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
The sliding member has a sliding surface slidable with respect to the sliding surface of the sliding member, and the sliding member made of FC200 cast iron has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.04 or less. When the sliding surface is pressed against the sliding surface at a pressure of 0.2 MPa and sliding at a speed of 8.1 m / s for 100 hours, the thickness of the sliding member that decreases due to wear is 0.095 mm or less. It may be. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding surface of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
The manufacturing method of the sliding member according to the reference form includes a step of producing a mixed base material by kneading a mixed powder containing graphite and spherical resin powder and a binder, a step of forming the produced mixed base material, And the step of firing the molded mixed base material, and the spherical resin powder becomes spherical carbide particles at the firing temperature in the step of firing.
In the sliding member manufactured by this manufacturing method, spherical carbide particles exist in a dispersed manner in a graphite base material containing graphite and a binder. Thereby, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
The spherical resin powder is a spherical phenol resin powder, and the firing temperature in the firing step may be 700 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is further improved.
The mixed base material in the step of preparing the mixed base material may include 4 parts by weight or more of spherical resin powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
The mixed base material in the step of preparing the mixed base material may include 25 parts by weight or less of spherical resin powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
0.042 or more may be sufficient as the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite in the mixed powder in the process of producing a mixed base material. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
The ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to the graphite in the mixed powder in the step of producing the mixed base material may be 0.36 or less. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is sufficiently improved.
0.065 or more may be sufficient as the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite in the mixed powder in the process of producing a mixed base material. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is more sufficiently improved.
0.067 or less may be sufficient as the ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder with respect to the graphite in the mixed powder in the process of producing a mixed base material. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is more sufficiently improved.
The mixed powder may further contain a lubricant. In this case, the wear resistance of the sliding member is improved.
本発明は、種々の摺動部材に有効に利用することができる。 The present invention can be effectively used for various sliding members.
B 黒鉛基材
P 球状炭化物
B Graphite base material P Spherical carbide
Claims (15)
前記黒鉛基材中に分散的に存在する球状炭化物粒子とを備え、
前記球状炭化物粒子は球状樹脂粉末の焼成物であり、前記球状炭化物粒子の残炭率は40%以上90%以下であり、
前記黒鉛に対する前記球状樹脂粉末の重量の割合は、0.042以上0.36以下であり、
前記黒鉛、前記潤滑剤および前記球状樹脂粉末の全体を100重量部とした場合の前記バインダーの添加量は30重量部以上100重量部以下であり、
黒鉛基材は、被摺動部材の被摺動面に対して摺動可能な摺動面を有し、
FC200の鋳鉄からなる被摺動部材の算術平均粗さが0.04以下である被摺動面に前記摺動面を0.2MPaの圧力で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させた場合に、磨耗によって減少する摺動部材の厚みが0.095mm以下である、摺動部材。 A graphite substrate comprising graphite , a binder and a lubricant ;
Comprising spherical carbide particles dispersedly present in the graphite substrate ,
The spherical carbide particles are a fired product of spherical resin powder, and the residual carbon ratio of the spherical carbide particles is 40% or more and 90% or less,
The ratio of the weight of the spherical resin powder to the graphite is 0.042 or more and 0.36 or less,
The amount of the binder added when the graphite, the lubricant, and the spherical resin powder as a whole are 100 parts by weight is 30 parts by weight or more and 100 parts by weight or less,
The graphite substrate has a sliding surface that can slide relative to the sliding surface of the sliding member,
The sliding member made of cast iron of FC200 has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.04 or less and the sliding surface is pressed with a pressure of 0.2 MPa at a speed of 8.1 m / s. A sliding member having a thickness of 0.095 mm or less, which is reduced by wear when sliding for 100 hours .
前記黒鉛基材中に分散的に存在する球状炭化物粒子とを備え、 Comprising spherical carbide particles dispersedly present in the graphite substrate,
前記球状炭化物粒子は、前記黒鉛および前記バインダーと混練された状態の球状樹脂粉末の焼成物である、摺動部材。 The spherical carbide particles are sliding members, which are a fired product of spherical resin powder in a state of being kneaded with the graphite and the binder.
FC200の鋳鉄からなる被摺動部材の算術平均粗さが0.04以下である被摺動面に前記摺動面を0.2MPaの圧力で押し当てた状態で8.1m/sの速度で100時間摺動させた場合に、磨耗によって減少する摺動部材の厚みが0.095mm以下である、請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の摺動部材。 Having a sliding surface slidable relative to the sliding surface of the sliding member;
The sliding member made of cast iron of FC200 has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.04 or less and the sliding surface is pressed with a pressure of 0.2 MPa at a speed of 8.1 m / s. The sliding member according to any one of claims 3 to 5 , wherein the thickness of the sliding member that decreases due to wear when sliding for 100 hours is 0.095 mm or less.
作製された混合基材を成形する工程と、
成形された混合基材に含まれる球状樹脂粉末が球状炭化物粒子となる焼成温度で、当該成形された混合基材を焼成する工程とを備える、摺動部材の製造方法。 A step of producing a mixed base material by kneading a mixed powder containing graphite and spherical resin powder and a binder;
Forming the prepared mixed substrate; and
At a firing temperature of spherical resin powder contained in the molded mixed substrate is spherical carbide particles, El Bei and a step of firing the shaped mixture substrate, a manufacturing method of a sliding member.
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