JP6032557B2 - Agricultural methods that use weeds to prevent weeds - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a weed countermeasure method that does not use agricultural chemicals in farmland.

Conventionally, pesticides are sometimes used as countermeasures for weeds in farmland.
However, recently, there is a problem with the application of agricultural chemicals that are harmful to the human body, and from the viewpoint of food safety, there is a tendency to prefer crops with added value without agricultural chemicals.

Conventionally, a farming method using grazing of antibiotic-free pigs is known as a countermeasure against weeds in farmland (Patent Document 1). According to the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, no weeds such as antibiotics are used in the feed of pigs raised for grazing, and the weeds grow again when the pigs bite not only the weeds on the surface but also the roots. This eliminates the need to use pesticides that were conventionally used as a countermeasure against weeds.
In addition, mineral fertilizer extracted from seawater is used in rice fields planted with rice, and the nutritional balance is disrupted by having a fine effect on the growth of rice with a delicate balance of both the large and minor elements of the mineral component. There is known a method for growing rice without causing the application of pesticides to increase the resistance to pests and the like (Patent Document 2).

  Moreover, it is pH 3 such as synthetic strongly acidic water up to pH 2-4 obtained by adjusting minerals such as calcium harmless to the human body and various bases with ordinary tap water or natural water having a pH of around 5-7. Pesticides that use pesticides mixed with natural water before and after, natural oils and crystals of tropolones extracted from vines of trees, natural oils such as beta-drabrin, or synthetic synthetic oils and crystals. A pest control method that is not used is known (Patent Document 3).

JP 2010-154826 A JP 2003-038047 A JP 07-069825 A

In the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, grazing of antibiotic-free pigs is necessary, but in a vast farmland, grazing of many antibiotic-free pigs is necessary. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult for the pigs to bite the weeds and roots on the surface of the earth without farmland.
In addition, the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 have a problem that it is difficult to effectively eliminate weeds, although they are pest control measures.
In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a weed countermeasure method that does not use agricultural chemicals in farmland and an agricultural method using the method.

  The present inventor is engaged in agriculture, and before the planting of agricultural crops, a number of examinations such as pretreatment of burning the farmland with flames and administration of chemicals that do not harm the human body to the paddy fields of the farmland As a result of diligently diluting a natural resin (hereinafter referred to as “rosin” in this specification) mainly composed of rosin acid obtained from pine sap, which is a sap of a pine family plant, with water. Then, it was found that it was possible to take measures against weeds without using pesticides by pouring into the paddy field after planting rice and leaving it until white to yellow powder appeared in the paddy field.

That is, the farming method of the present invention is a paddy field after planting rice by diluting a natural resin (rosin) mainly composed of rosin acid obtained from pine sap, which is a sap of a pine family plant, with water. It is characterized by taking measures against weeds by pouring into a paddy field and allowing it to stand until white to yellow powder appears in the paddy field.
Here, rosin is obtained by collecting pine resin (Matsuya) directly from standing trees and distilling and separating them (gum rosin), obtained by extracting from roots of felled pine trees (wood rosin), and kraft pulp at a paper mill. Those made by distilling crude tall oil produced as a by-product when making it (tall rosin) can be used.
In the agricultural method of the present invention, a salt obtained by neutralizing a disproportionated rosin composition that is liquid at room temperature with an alkali can be preferably used in place of the natural resin .
In the agricultural method of the present invention, an alkaline soap aqueous solution of a mixture of a disproportionated rosin composition and a fatty acid which is liquid at room temperature can be preferably used in place of the natural resin .

Here, normal temperature means a temperature of about 15 to 30 ° C., but is not limited to this temperature range, and may be a temperature range of about 10 to 45 ° C.
The rosin contains a resin acid having a conjugated double bond in a molecule such as abietic acid, parastrinic acid, levopimaric acid, or neoabietic acid, and has high reactivity. When an alkali salt of rosin containing a resin acid having a conjugated double bond is used as an emulsion polymerization agent, polymerization is inhibited. Therefore, when rosin is used as an emulsion polymerization agent, rosin is disproportionated and converted into a derivative having no conjugated double bond.

  Here, in the agricultural method of the present invention, the salt obtained by neutralizing the rosin composition with an alkali is specifically a disproportionated rosin potassium salt. Disproportionated rosin potassium salt is excellent in stability under normal conditions.

Moreover, in the agricultural method of this invention, it is preferable that the density | concentration of said salt is 10 to 40 weight%.
The concentration of the salt is preferably approximately 25% by weight. If the salt concentration is lower than 10% by weight, the weed control effect is low, and if it is higher than 40% by weight, there is a risk of affecting the growth of the original seedling.

In the agricultural method of the present invention, the rosin composition preferably includes at least 10 to 23% by weight of dehydroabietic acid, 5 to 30% by weight of secodehydroabietic acid, and 20 to 45% by weight of linear octadecenoic acid. .
Dehydroabietic acid and secodehydroabietic acid are compounds having excellent emulsion polymerization properties, and linear octadecenoic acid has a low melting point and excellent liquid property retention at room temperature.

  Here, the reason why the respective concentrations are set within the predetermined range is as follows. First, in the case of dehydroabietic acid, there is a problem that crystal precipitation tends to occur when the concentration contained in the disproportionated rosin increases, and it is necessary to adjust the concentration within a predetermined concentration range. Secodehydroabietic acid is a low crystalline resin acid having emulsion polymerization equivalent to that of dehydroabietic acid, and can be contained at a high concentration of 30% by weight. In order to maintain liquid properties and high emulsion polymerization properties, it is necessary to adjust the total amount, and linear octadecenoic acid is in the range of 20 to 45% by weight.

  According to the farming method of the present invention, it is possible to dispense with the application of agricultural chemicals that are harmful to the human body, and it is possible to produce safe agricultural products that are free of agricultural chemicals.

Weed countermeasure processing flow diagram in the agricultural method of the present invention Image of weed countermeasures in the agricultural method of the present invention

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples and illustrated examples, and many changes and modifications can be made.

FIG. 1 shows a weed countermeasure processing flow in the agricultural method of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a natural resin mainly composed of rosin acid obtained by distilling pine sap, which is a sap of a pine family plant, is diluted with water (step S1).
Here, rosin acid is not a single substance, but a general main component is called abietic acid, and is composed of about 20 kinds of other components such as parastrinic acid and isopimaric acid.
As mentioned above, rosin can be obtained by collecting pine resin (Matsuya ni) directly from standing trees and distilling and separating them (gum rosin), by extracting and collecting them from the roots of felled pine trees (wood rosin), and crafting at paper mills. Although it is possible to use what is obtained by distilling crude tall oil produced as a by-product when making pulp (tall rosin), pine resin (matsuya) is collected directly from standing trees, and obtained by distillation and separation.

  A solution obtained by diluting rosin with water (rosin: 25% by weight, water: 75% by weight) was poured into the paddy field after rice planting (step S2). FIG. 2 shows an image of pouring into a paddy field after rice planting. In FIG. 2, 1 is a can containing a solution obtained by diluting rosin with water, 2 is a solution poured into a paddy field, 3 is a seedling planted in rice, and 4 is a paddy field.

The paddy field after the rice planting is left in the state where the rosin diluted with water is poured, and left for about 10 to 15 days until white to yellow powder appears in the paddy field (step S3). Other than this, it is the same as the normal farming method. By uniformly spreading the rosin on the paddy field, weeding can be suppressed considerably.
The number of days to be left varies depending on the weather, temperature, and humidity, but is generally within 30 days.

In Example 1, pine resin (Matsuya) was collected directly from standing trees and used by distillation separation.
In Example 2, a salt obtained by neutralizing a disproportionated rosin composition that is liquid at room temperature with an alkali, specifically, a disproportionated rosin potassium salt, was used in the same manner as the flow of FIG. Measures were taken.
As a method for producing a disproportionated rosin, a method using a palladium-activated carbon catalyst or an iodine-based catalyst is known (US Pat. No. 2,177,530, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 49-5360, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-34896). ), You can use them.
In addition, a method for preparing a disproportionated rosin potassium salt is described in detail in Examples of Japanese Patent No. 4441049 (see the paragraphs 0030 to 0047 of the specification, especially Examples 7 to 12).

  The present invention is useful for agricultural chemical-free farming methods.

1 Can with rosin diluted with water 2 Liquid poured into paddy field 3 Planted seedling 4 Paddy field

Claims (6)

  A natural resin based on rosin acid obtained from pine sap, a pine sap, is diluted with water and poured into rice fields after rice planting. Agricultural methods that take measures against weeds by leaving them to appear. The farming method according to claim 1, wherein countermeasures for weeds are carried out using a salt obtained by neutralizing a disproportionated rosin composition in liquid form at normal temperature with an alkali instead of the natural resin . The agricultural method according to claim 1, wherein a countermeasure against weeds is carried out using an alkaline soap aqueous solution of a mixture of a disproportionated rosin composition and a fatty acid that is liquid at room temperature instead of the natural resin .   The agricultural method according to claim 2, wherein the salt is a disproportionated rosin potassium salt.   The agricultural method according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the concentration of the salt is 10 to 40% by weight.   4. The rosin composition according to claim 2, wherein the rosin composition contains at least 10-23 wt% dehydroabietic acid, 5-30 wt% secodehydroabietic acid, and 20-45 wt% linear octadecenoic acid. The farming method described.