JP6041672B2 - Closed circulation channel for power generation and power generation equipment using this channel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a closed circulation channel for power generation that enables hydroelectric power generation in a place where there is no natural water as well as a place where there is no river, for example, a polar region such as a desert, the South Pole or the North Pole, and this circulation channel. It relates to the power generation equipment used.

In the polar regions where there is no water, such as deserts, the South Pole, and the North Pole, there is no practical level of hydropower generation. This is because there is no water available for power generation.
On the other hand, in ordinary areas where general generated power can be used, for example, in the aluminum smelting industry, electric furnace steel industry, or various electrolysis industries that use a large amount of electricity, the amount of power used is compared to other industries. Because of this, the electricity usage charges are extremely high, and as a result, the ratio of electricity charges to the product cost becomes extremely large, which is a problem in price competition.

Industrial power in normal areas is created by huge power facilities such as hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power, etc., so the price of the power provided is high reflecting the power facility cost and running cost. This is a major factor in the fact that industrial power charges that use large amounts of power are extremely high.
For example, in hydroelectric power generation, power generation facilities such as power plants and substations are constructed by building huge dams in places that are in severe geographical environments such as in the mountains. For this reason, it is essential that there is a river suitable for building a dam, and that the terrain on which the dam can be built is necessary. Therefore, a normal hydropower plant can only be built far away from the power consumption area.
In addition, long power transmission facilities are indispensable from such power plants to power consumption areas such as factories, and the equipment costs and maintenance costs are added to the equipment costs for power plant construction. It is a cause to do.

  However, if there is power generation equipment in the same place as the power consumption area that consumes a large amount of power, such as an aluminum refining factory, at least the power generation equipment and power transmission equipment in the current power system will be completely unnecessary. It is considered that the power cost can be significantly reduced. On the other hand, if hydroelectric power generation at a practical level is possible in the polar regions such as deserts and Antarctica where there is no water available for power generation, it is considered extremely useful in various aspects.

  Therefore, an artificial waterway for power generation that circulates sealed water is built in a power consumption area, for example, a factory site, and an appropriate amount of water is circulated and circulated through the artificial waterway. If a generator that can be operated by a water stream is installed, a power generation facility of a practical level may be installed in a power consuming area that requires a large amount of power, such as an aluminum smelting factory, or in polar regions such as the desert, the South Pole, and the North Pole. it can. In this power generation facility, the artificial water channel is a sealed water channel, so there is no pollution or transpiration of the water that circulates. Therefore, power generation that can be used even in polar regions such as deserts with little maintenance of circulating water. It becomes possible to obtain electric power.

  By the way, in the construction of conventional hydroelectric power plants, water rights and fishing rights problems, and the installation of dams destroy the sacrificial environment and natural environment of natural monuments such as river fish, fireflies and other insects, small animals and mountain fish. In addition to having to solve economic problems such as environmental problems such as huge construction costs and eviction costs for residents, there were various problems such as several decades from planning to completion.

  In addition, conventional hydroelectric power generation is a power generation facility that uses dams and natural waterways, so in addition to the inflow of scattered materials due to natural disasters such as typhoons, tornadoes, floods, etc., garbage and driftwood that usually accumulate in dams and waterways It was indispensable to remove it, and normal maintenance was also large.

  On the other hand, for the purpose of obtaining electric power without constructing a dam, a small-scale waterway type in which a turbine-type generator is installed in an open waterway where water is circulated or simply formed to flow down water. Are known from Patent Documents 1 to 7 and the like.

However, since a known water channel type power generation device has a small water channel size, it cannot obtain a power generation amount that can be practically used for general life or industrial use. Even if the size of the waterway is large, it is an open type where the waterway is open to the outside, so it does not flow frozen in the polar regions. There is a concern that the power generation efficiency will not increase due to obstruction of water flow by microorganisms and microorganisms.
Also, because it is an open-type waterway, sand, gravel, houses, tiles, glass, trees, cars, animals, etc. that are blown or rolled up by typhoons or tornadoes usually enter the waterway. This causes damage to pumps and water turbines, and the amount of water usually decreases due to evaporation, so there are a number of problems, such as purifying the flowing water and making maintenance such as adding water indispensable.

JP-A-56-129770 JP 58-186368 A JP-A-8-42440 JP 2002-106457 A JP 2005-299434 A Japanese Patent No. 4533257 US Pat. No. 5,420,463

  In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention is generally used in medium-sized to large-scale stores such as airports, schools, factories, hospitals, department stores, supermarkets, farmland, golf courses, and ball game fields. , Parks such as racetracks, theme parks, hotels such as hot springs, circuit sites, railroad tracks, and the surrounding land, and the surrounding land, and in the polar regions such as deserts and Antarctica, were blocked from the outside The first problem is to provide a closed circulation channel that forms a closed water channel of the shape and allows water for operating the turbine-type generator to circulate in the closed water channel. It is a second problem to provide a power generation facility that can take out a large-scale generated power by installing a plurality of generators.

The structure of the closed circulation water channel of the present invention made for the purpose of solving the above first problem is a sealed type having a substantially U-shaped cross section and having an openable / detachable canopy and having an appropriate unit length. A water channel unit provided with a water wheel inside , or a water channel unit having a substantially cross-sectional shape with a closed cross-section with the water channel unit and a ceiling closed, is connected to form a circular water channel that is appropriately closed and has a full length. In addition, the water channel unit is provided with a downward slope on the surface of the circulating water channel so that the water stored in the circulating water channel flows down by gravity, and at least the starting point of the circulating water channel. It is characterized in that a pump is arranged at the boundary of the end point so as to energize the flowing water.

Moreover, the configuration of the power generation facility using the above-described hermetic circulation channel for the purpose of solving the above second problem is that a channel unit having a substantially U-shaped cross section having an openable / detachable canopy is installed in a factory, an airport. , Schools, hospitals, medium to large stores, farmland, golf courses, ballparks, racetracks, parks, hotels, circuits, and circular tracks connected to the grounds of railway tracks , forming a circular waterway with a downward slope, A water wheel that fits within a cross-section including the canopy of the water channel unit and has a plurality of water wheels connected to the rotating shaft of the water wheel and the rotor shaft of the generator in the circulating water channel, and at least a starting point of the circulating water channel While installing a pump at the boundary of the end point, this circulating water channel circulates and distributes the water stored by the action of the descending slope and the pump by storing water at a depth where a part of the lower half of the water wheel sinks Let the water flow through The car is rotated coupled to the shaft of the water wheel is power to each generator, it is characterized in that they were taken out and put together these power generation.

  In the present invention, at least one water wheel may be provided for each water channel unit, or at least one water wheel unit may be provided for each water channel unit. Further, the circulating water channel is formed with a gentle downward slope along the water channel at the bottom, and a vertical-shaft diagonal flow pump is installed as an example at the boundary between the start point and the end point of the downward slope. A pump other than the pump may be provided at an intermediate portion of the circulating water channel. The circulating water channel can have a multilayer water channel structure that is spiral in the vertical direction. Multi-layered circulation channels can be installed at least twice or twice as many generators as single-layer channels with the same projected area as single-layer channels. Is possible. This multi-layered circulation channel can be installed on the ground or underground. Moreover, the circulating water channel of the multilayer structure on the ground or underground can be formed in a hierarchical building shape as a whole.

  The circulating water channel is preferably formed in an annular shape having a substantially circular shape, a substantially zero shape, or a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from above. However, depending on the land to be installed and the land area of the place, it may be possible to increase the space efficiency by forming the middle part of the circular waterway so as to present a zigzag shape in plan view. When the intermediate part of the circulation channel is formed so as to have a plurality of zigzag parallel channel parts in plan view, more generators with a smaller occupied area than the number of installed generators in the example described above Therefore, it is advantageous to install a circulation channel on a limited area of land and extract a large amount of power generation.

  As a water channel unit that forms a circulation water channel, there is a concrete unit that is formed on a U-shaped channel by performing on-site construction with civil engineering work. In addition, a block type channel unit such as a concrete block such as a block U-shaped groove, a cast iron, an FRP containing an appropriate synthetic resin, or an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, or a ceramic plate can be used. . In principle, the water channel unit has a lid, but a simple passage portion without a lid may be used. If the circulation channel of the present invention is formed with such a channel unit, it is considered reasonable in terms of transportation and storage of materials or handling convenience during construction.

  The circulating water channel of the present invention has a slope (down slope) for generating a water flow on the surface of the water channel, and, as an example, a pump such as a vertical shaft diagonal flow pump is provided at the boundary between the starting point and the end point of the circulating water channel. By arranging it, a downwardly inclined water flow is created as a forced circulation flow. Although humans and animals fall into the water flow created in this way, it is extremely dangerous. However, in the present invention, each water channel unit is a sealed type that does not allow humans and animals to enter, and therefore there is no such danger. Since there is no situation such as power generation stop due to occurrence of such an accident, it is preferable for stable continuous power generation and stable power supply.

  As an example, a vertical-shaft oblique water flow pump is disposed at the boundary between the start point and the end point of the circulation channel of the present invention, and a water turbine connected to a generator is disposed inside each channel unit. However, since the circulation channel of the present invention is formed of a channel unit having a canopy and the entire channel is a sealed type, it is effective to effectively prevent the operation noise in the channel from leaking outside. Can do.

  In addition, in order to enhance the soundproofing effect, a coating film containing hollow beads as an example can be formed on the outer surface of the circulating water channel. This coating film has not only a soundproofing effect but also a touchproofing effect and a heat insulating effect on the wall surface of the water channel unit. Further, it is desirable to make the inner surface of the water channel smooth by a silicon-based or fluorine-based coating film to reduce water flow resistance. Furthermore, in the sealed circulation channel of the present invention installed in the polar region, a heating source such as a heater is provided in the channel to prevent freezing.

  Since the circulation channel of the present invention is hermetically sealed, there is no room for water in the channel to evaporate or for unwanted materials such as dust to enter from the outside. For this reason, since the water in the water channel does not decrease or increase due to external factors such as the weather, the temperature of the outside air, and the season, it is extremely advantageous for realizing a stable water flow.

Next, in this invention, the generator couple | bonded with the rotating shaft of a water turbine may be couple | bonded with the rotating shaft of a water turbine through the gearbox-shaped gear box comprised by the gear train as an example. This is useful when it is necessary to match the rotational speed of the water turbine to that required for the generator rotor.

  In the present invention, the electric power generated in each generator is sent to an electric power consumption place by a power transmission system including substation equipment after being collected in one place in the form of being temporarily stored in a storage battery. A storage battery that stores the generated power can use a part of its output as a power source for a motor for driving a pump disposed in a circulation channel. As a driving force of the pump, in addition to the storage battery, an output of an internal combustion engine, electric power generated by a solar battery or wind power generation can be used.

  Each turbine installed in the circulation channel needs to perform maintenance of components such as blades and bearings. For this maintenance, open the lid of each water channel unit, remove the lid, and a maintenance man enters the inside of each water channel unit to perform maintenance on the necessary parts, or remove the entire water turbine from the water channel unit. Maintenance can be performed outside the circulation channel.

  The present invention provides a power generation facility having a configuration in which a water turbine is provided in a closed circulation water channel, and at least two generators are coupled and installed on the shaft of the water turbine, and the water turbine is rotated by the flow of water contained in the water channel Since the generator operates, there is no destruction of the natural environment in the installation and operation of the equipment, and the operation state is not affected by the natural environment such as the weather such as the typhoon and the temperature of the outside air, and the weather such as the typhoon. There is an advantage that the power generation equipment is not likely to be damaged depending on the situation.

The typical sectional side view for demonstrating the principal part of the electric power generation part in an example of this invention power generation equipment. The typical sectional side view of the principal part in another example of this invention power generation equipment. FIG. 3 is a front sectional view taken along the line AA in FIGS. 1 and 2. The typical front sectional view of the other example of the power generation part in the present invention power generation equipment. The schematic plan view for demonstrating an example of the form of this invention electric power generation whole. The front sectional view of another example of the circulation channel in the present invention power generation equipment. It is a front sectional view of other examples of a circulation channel.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a water channel unit formed as a unit-shaped block having a substantially U-shaped cross section as an example, and the circulation water channel in the present invention is connected to the water channel unit 1 so as to form an annular shape. 5 is formed in an annular circulation water channel WR. The size of the channel unit 1 having a U-shaped cross section is, for example, a width of 2 m to 3 m, a depth of about 3 to 4 m, and a length of about 6 to 9 m in terms of inner dimensions. As an example, the cross section is formed in a staircase shape (or a crank shape) for connection with the water channel unit 1. In addition, since the example of the numerical value of the water channel unit 1 is an example until it gets tired, the size of the water channel unit 1 in the present invention is arbitrary.

  Reference numeral 2 denotes a lid body that is detachably or removably attached to an opening on the ceiling side of the water channel unit 1, and is a water channel unit that is sealed in a block shape by the water channel unit 1 and the canopy 2. In the present invention, the canopy 2 is installed in all the channel units 1 that form the circulation channel WR, and when the canopy 2 is installed in a required channel main body 1, for example, a water channel main body 1 provided with a water turbine 3 described later. There are two patterns. In this case, the water channel unit 1 without the canopy 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a closed cross-sectional shape such as the canopy 2 and the unit 1 which are integrally formed from the beginning. In addition to the canopy 2 whose cross section is formed by the flat lid member illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, as an example, there is a canopy 2 formed by a lid member having an inverted U-shaped cross section.

  In the present invention, a water channel unit 1 in which a water turbine 3 to be described later is installed, and a water channel unit 1 in which the water turbine 3 connected to the unit 1 is provided have the same cross-section (see FIG. 1) and are illustrated in FIG. As described above, there is a water channel unit 1 ′ provided with the water turbine 3 having a larger cross-sectional shape of the water channel unit 1 connected thereto (see FIG. 2). If the form of FIG. 2 is used, the cross section of the water channel unit 1 not provided with the water turbine 3 can be formed small, so that the installation work for embedding the water channel unit becomes easy. It is also advantageous in terms of material transportation and management.

  In the present invention, the water channel unit 1, 1 ′ having the canopy 2 and the water channel unit 1 not having the canopy 2 are watertightly connected so that a large number of them are formed in an annular shape as viewed from the top as shown in FIG. 5. A circulation channel WR is formed. Among the water channel units 1 and 1 ′ forming the circulation water channel WR, for example, the water wheel 3 is attached in the form illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. Will be described. There is also an aspect in which the water turbine 3 is provided in all the water channel units constituting the circulation water channel WR. Hereinafter, the water channel unit 1, 1 ′ is indicated as the water channel unit 1.

  The water turbine 3 includes a shaft 31 that passes through the left and right side walls 11 and 12 of the water channel unit 1 through bearings 11a and 12a, is watertight and rotatable, and is supported on the side walls 11 and 12, and water attached to the shaft 31. It is formed by the vehicle body 32. As an example, the water body 32 includes a cylindrical base rotor 32a, a large number of blades 32b radially provided on the outer periphery of the base rotor 32a, and a side surface of each blade 32b so as to support each blade 32b. It is formed by a support rotor 32c that also serves as a current plate arranged in the middle.

  Here, the front width of the base rotor 32a is, for example, a size that fits within the cross-sectional inner width of the water channel unit 1, and the diameter of the water turbine 3 including the blade 32b is within the depth of the water channel unit 1. It was formed to fit. The diameter of the water wheel 3 in the present invention is determined by the depth of the water channel unit 1. In the present invention, the width, depth, and length of the water channel unit 1 and the number of water wheels installed in the water channel unit 1, the blade width of the water wheel, the diameter of the water wheel, The total length of the circulation channel WR can be set. Incidentally, the diameter of the water turbine 3 is approximately 4 m, the blade width is approximately 3 m, and the distance between the axes of the water turbine 3 in FIG. 5 is 12 m. The circulating water channel WR in FIG. 5 is an example in which the water turbine 3 is provided.

3 and 4, reference numerals 41a, 42b, 42a, 42b, and 41, 42 are generators that are arranged by connecting the rotary shaft 4a to the outer ends of the left and right sides of the shaft 31 of the water turbine 3. is there. The generators 41 a, 41 b and 42 a, 42 b and 41, 42 in each water turbine 3 are positioned outside the left and right side walls 11, 12 in the water channel unit 1. 3 and 4, the generators 41 a, 41 b, 42 a, 42 b, 41, 42 are placed on the left and right platforms 4 b in order to align the height of the generators 41 with the shaft 31 of the water turbine 3. . In addition, it is set as the structure which inserted the gear box (not shown) formed by the gear train etc. between the rotating shaft 31 of the water turbine 3, each generator 41a, 42a, and the rotating shaft 4a of 41,42. be able to.
Further, the mounting table 4b is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be other than the illustrated one as long as the generators 41a to 42b, 41, and 42 can be mounted and fixed. Furthermore, although not shown, the mounting bases 4b of the generators 41a to 42b, 41, 42 may be formed integrally with the side walls 11, 12 of the water channel unit 1. 1-4 and FIG. 6, 5 is the foundation which supports the baseplate 13 in the channel unit 1 from the lower surface side, for example, is formed with a reinforced concrete plate. 6 is a ballast made of crushed stones, chestnuts, cobblestones, etc. arranged under the concrete plate 5 of the foundation.

  In the present invention, as illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 5, the water channel unit 1 includes a plurality of water channel units 1 including a water channel unit 1 having a water wheel 3 and a connecting water channel unit 1 having no water wheel 3 as a whole. They are arranged in a ring so as to be connected to each other to form an annular sealed circulation water channel WR. In addition, in FIG. 5, 1R is a water channel bending part for connecting a bending part, and is formed with the elbow-shaped water channel unit made from another. In the circulating water channel WR of FIG. 5, all the water channel units 1 may each include one water turbine 3 and two generators 41 and 42 for the water wheel 3. As an example, if 13 water channel units 1 having a length of 6 m having a water turbine 3 provided with two generators 41 and 42 are incorporated on one side of the longitudinal water channel in FIG. 5, the water channel unit 1 having a length of 6 m is provided. 26 are connected on both sides of the longitudinal water channel in FIG. 5, the length of the longitudinal water channel straight line portion is about 160 m. The total number of generators 41 and 42 is 26 × 2 = 52 units. If each of the generators 41 and 42 has a power generation capacity of 100 KW as an example, the circulation water channel WR in FIG. 5 is a power generation facility that exhibits a power generation capacity of 5200 KW.

  In the present invention, when the water channel shape of the entire circulation water channel WR is viewed from the plane, and the layout is a substantially quadrangle as illustrated in FIG. 5, the water channels WR-1 and WR-2 that form each side of the quadrangle. , WR-3, WR-4 at the bottom, shallow downhill in the direction of circulation (direction of water flow), for example, about 1.5m to 3.0m down to 160m of waterway WR-1 or WR-3 In addition to providing a gradient, in the example of FIG. 3, suction water tank Su and discharge water tank Ex are provided in water paths WR-2 and WR-4 in this circulating water path WR, and vertical shaft diagonal flow pumps 7 and 8 extending between the two water tanks are installed. . Then, the water flowing through the circulation water channel WR in FIG. 5 rotates the water turbines 3 in the water channels WR-1 and WR-3 on each side, and the water flow for driving the power generators 41 and 42 is transferred to the pumps 7, You can continue as long as you don't stop 8. Note that. An axial pump (see FIGS. 6 and 7) may be installed in the middle of the water channels WR1 to WR4.

  In the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 3, two generators 41 a, 41 b, 42 a, 42 b are coaxially coupled to the left and right outer ends of the rotating shaft 31 of one turbine 3. Can be provided. When this configuration is adopted, when the number of installed water turbines 3 is the same as that in the above example, the total number of generators is doubled, so that the total power generation capacity can be doubled.

  When the number of generators coupled to one turbine increases as in the above example, it is desirable to make the water flow in this circulation channel WR stronger. Therefore, in the present invention, for example, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, two units for energizing the water flow disposed in the water channel unit 1 not provided with the water turbine 3 forming the circulation water channel WR or Three axial flow pumps 71, 72 and 81 to 83 are arranged in parallel with respect to the cross section of the unit 1. If it carries out like this, the force which pushes the water of the circulating water flow forward will become 2 times and 3 times compared with the case where there is one pump regarding the cross section of the water flow. Then, as shown in the example of FIG. 3, when four or more generators 41 and 42 are combined and deployed for one turbine 3, the total power generation capacity of the power generation facility of the present invention is further increased. Can do.

  In the present invention, as a means for generating a water flow in the circulating water channel WR, or a means for circulating the water, the downward slope of the bottom 13 of the water channel WR, the pumps 7 and 8 and 71 to 83 in the above example, When the shaft 31 of the water turbine 3 attached to any one of the water channel units 1 is selected, a motor (not shown) is attached in place of the generators 41 and 42, and the water turbine 3 is rotated by this motor, the water in the water channel It is possible to generate a flow or to energize an already flowing water flow. This water turbine 3 with a motor is good also as an aspect provided about the water channel unit 1 which has the at least 1 water wheel 3 in each water channel WR-1 to WR-4 in the circulation water channel WR of FIG. The water turbine 3 with a motor may be used together with the pumps 7 and 8 or may be used alone.

  Further, in the present invention, the generated power obtained by the power generation facility of the present invention is directly converted into direct current in the case of direct current and converted into direct current in the case of alternating current, and stored in a battery (storage battery) or the like (not shown), and includes power transformation equipment. Send to the required place (place where power is required) by the power transmission system. In this case, a part of the electric power stored in the battery may be used as the power supply for the pumps 7 and 8 and 71 to 83 in the power generation facility of the present invention.

Furthermore, since the circulating water channel WR in the present invention circulates water in a sealed water channel space, there is an advantage that there is almost no water evaporation or water contamination, and water maintenance is almost unnecessary. In addition, the type in which the heat source is provided in the water channel enables hydroelectric power generation even in extremely low temperature polar regions such as the South Pole and the North Pole.
In the present invention, when the circulating water channel WR is provided on the ground surface, the generators 41 and 42 (41a, 41b, 42a, 42b) are exposed to the outside, so that natural objects such as stones and lightning come in, or It is necessary to protect the generators 41 and 42 and the water channel unit 1 from artificial mischief. For this reason, as an example, a panel-shaped protective cover 10 made of, for example, concrete panel, shown by phantom lines in FIG. 4 is provided to protect the water channel unit 1, the lid 2 and the generators 41, 42. Incidentally, when the circulating water channel WR and the generators 41 and 42 are installed underground or in the ground, these WR, 41 and 42 are originally installed so as to be covered by the protective cover 10 serving as a ground cover.

  The present invention is as described above. A place where there is no water source such as a river or a lake, a place where a power generation dam cannot be constructed topographically even if there is water, or a desert, the South Pole, the North Pole, or other places Even in places where there is no water, such as in polar regions, the circulation water channel of the present invention is installed, water is put into the water channel, the water wheel is forced to circulate and the water wheel is moved, and the power generation coupled to the water wheel Since the power generation facility can be formed by operating the machine, it is extremely useful as a power generation facility in places or regions where the energy situation such as electric power is quite poor because there is no electric power.

  Also, unlike conventional natural water channel type power generation facilities, typhoons, tornadoes, or weather conditions such as rain and snow will not cause deterioration or contamination of waterways, and damage to pumps and turbines. There is an advantage that the power generation state can be maintained in a good state and the management thereof is easy and simple.

WR Circulating water channel 1,1 'Water channel unit 2 Lid 3 Water wheel 41, 42 Generator 5 Foundation 6 Crushed stone 7, 8 Vertical shaft diagonal flow pump

Claims (12)

A water channel unit having a substantially U-shaped cross-section and having a canopy that can be freely opened and closed or formed to an appropriate unit length, and having a water wheel inside , or a cross-section that has a closed water channel unit and a ceiling. A plurality of water channel units are connected so as to form an annularly closed circulation water channel having an appropriate overall length by connecting a plurality of water channel units. A downward slope is applied to the surface of the circulating water channel so as to flow down by the action, and a pump is arranged at least at the boundary between the starting point and the ending point of the circulating water channel to urge the flowing water flow. A closed circulation channel for power generation equipment.   The circulating water channel according to claim 1, wherein the water channel unit forming the circulating water channel is formed into a block shape made of concrete, cast iron, steel plate, synthetic resin, stainless steel, or ceramic.   The circulating water channel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water channel unit is provided with heat insulation and / or sound insulation or vibration absorption.   The circulation channel according to claim 3, wherein the water channel unit finishes the inner surface of the inner and outer wall surfaces to be a smooth surface, and imparts heat insulation to the inside of the wall or to the inner and outer surfaces.   The circulating water channel according to claim 1, wherein the circulating water channel is provided with a heat source inside the water channel.   The circulating water channel according to claim 1, wherein the water flowing in the circulating water channel contains an antifreeze liquid. The circulating water channel according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the circulating water channel is formed so as to have a plurality of parallel water channel portions having a zigzag shape when viewed from a plane. The circulation channel according to claim 7 , wherein the circulation channel having the zigzag parallel channel portion is installed on the ground or underground. A U-shaped waterway unit with a canopy that can be opened and closed or attached to a factory, airport, school, hospital, medium- to large-scale store, farmland, golf course, ballpark, racetrack, park, hotel, circuit, It is a water wheel that is connected to the inside of the railway track in a ring and formed into a circulating water channel having a downward slope, and is fitted in the cross section including the canopy of the water channel unit, and the shaft of the generator rotor is coupled to the rotating shaft of the water wheel A plurality of water turbines are provided in the circulating water channel, and a pump is installed at the boundary between at least the start point and the end point of the circulating water channel, and the water depth at which a part of the lower half of the water wheel is submerged in the circulating water channel. Circulates and circulates the water stored by the action of the downward slope and the pump, and causes the generators coupled to the shafts of the water turbines to generate electric power by rotating the water wheels with the circulating water. Collect the power generation of Power plant of the sealed water circulation passage type, characterized in that the Suyo. The power generator according to claim 9 , wherein the generator is provided on one end side or both end sides of the rotating shaft of the water turbine. The power generation facility according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein the output of the generator is stored in a storage battery for use. At least one water wheel in a water turbine provided in the circulating water channel, water wheel motor with attached the motor in place of the generator coupled to the water wheel, or the water wheel motor with attached the motor to the rotation shaft of the water wheel The power generation facility according to claim 9 , wherein the power generation facility is provided in the water channel instead of a water turbine coupled with a generator.

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