JP6052141B2 - Work reversing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a work reversing device.

  There is known a work reversing device in which a detachable work gripper is attached to the tip of a spindle of a processing machine (Patent Document 1). The work gripper incorporates an actuator that is supplied with power from a power source such as air, hydraulic pressure, or electricity. The work gripper of the work gripper is moved by the actuator to grip the work, and the work can be reversed by rotating the spindle while gripping the work.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-257866

The work reversing device described in Patent Document 1 requires an actuator for moving the gripping claw and piping or wiring corresponding to the type of power source of the actuator, and the cost increases due to an increase in the number of parts.
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a simple work reversing device capable of gripping and reversing a work with one power source.

The work reversing device of the present invention is
A work reversing device that is attached to a spindle of a processing machine and that inverts the work by rotating the spindle in accordance with the rotation of the spindle by sandwiching the work between gripping claws,
Claw opening / closing means for converting rotation of the main shaft into opening / closing operation of the gripping claw;
Switching means for switching between the opening and closing operation of the gripping claw and the rotation operation of the gripping claw synchronized with the phase of the spindle,
The switching means is
When the torque by the main shaft exceeds the threshold during the opening / closing operation, switching from the opening / closing operation to the rotating operation,
When the phase of the main shaft matches the index phase during the rotation operation, the rotation operation is switched to the opening / closing operation.

In the present invention,
The claw opening / closing means includes
A claw operating pin provided on the gripping claw;
A claw support member that supports the grip claw so as not to rotate together with the main shaft and is openable and closable;
A scroll plate that rotates with the main shaft and has a claw operating groove into which the claw operating pin is inserted, and
The claw operating groove preferably has a closed end of the gripping claw near the center of the scroll plate, an open end near the outer peripheral portion, and is connected in an arc shape from the closed end to the open end.

Furthermore, in the present invention,
The switching means is
A switching pin that is housed in a pin hole provided in the claw support member and is applied with a force to be pushed out from the inside of the pin hole by an elastic body,
An indexing boss that does not rotate with the main shaft and is in contact with the claw support member and that includes the switching pin;
When the claw actuating pin reaches the closed end or the open end during the opening / closing operation, and further rotating the main shaft as it is, the switching pin comes out of the index boss and the claw support member rotates, It is preferable that the gripping claw is switched to the rotation operation.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple workpiece reversing device that can grip and reverse a workpiece with a single power source.

It is a front view which shows the structure of the workpiece reversing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a work reversing device according to a first embodiment. In the work reversing device according to the first embodiment, it is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration when a gripping claw is a closed end. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the configuration of the scroll plate when the gripping claw is at the closed end in the work reversing device according to the first embodiment. In the work reversing device according to the first embodiment, it is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration when a gripping claw is an open end. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the configuration of the scroll plate when the gripping claw is an open end in the work reversing device according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows an internal structure when the workpiece | work is reversed using the workpiece reversing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1. FIG.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of the work reversing device 100, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the work reversing device 100. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the work reversing device 100 when the gripping claws 110a and 110b are at the closed ends.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the work reversing device 100 includes gripping claws 110a and 110b, a scroll plate 120, a claw support member 130, a connecting member 140, switching pins 161a and 161b, and an index boss 142a. , 142b and a phase reference pin 150. The processing machine 200 includes a head 210, a main shaft 211, and a holder 212. The workpiece reversing device 100 is attached to the head 210 of the processing machine 200 and reverses the workpiece by rotating the workpiece 211 in synchronization with the rotation of the main shaft 211 while sandwiching the workpiece between the gripping claws 110a and 110b.

  The processing machine 200 can process a workpiece by attaching a processing tool (not shown) such as a drill or an end mill to the holder 212 and rotating the spindle 211. The head 210 of the processing machine 200 includes a main shaft 211 and a main shaft motor (not shown). The head 210 can be moved by the NC action shaft. The processing machine 200 rotates the main shaft 211 to generate power for processing. The spindle 211 is rotated by a spindle motor (not shown) provided on the head 210. The holder 212 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 211, and the work reversing device 100, a processing tool, or the like can be attached thereto.

  The connecting member 140 is a member that connects the head 210 and the claw support member 130. The connecting member 140 includes a phase reference boss 141 and index bosses 142a and 142b. The phase reference boss 141 is a hole for inserting the phase reference pin 150. By inserting the phase reference pin 150 into the phase reference boss 141 of the connecting member 140 and the phase reference boss 213 of the head 210, the connecting member 140 and the head 210 are fixed, and the connecting member 140 is synchronized with the rotation of the spindle 211. Do not rotate. The index bosses 142a and 142b are holes for inserting the tips of the switching pins 161a and 161b.

  The claw support member 130 is a member that supports the gripping claws 110a and 110b in a state that can be opened and closed. The claw support member 130 is coupled to the coupling member 140 via the switching pins 161a and 161b. The claw support member 130 is provided with pin holes 131a and 131b for accommodating the switching pins 161a and 161b. One ends of springs 162a and 162b are fixed to the back of the pin holes 131a and 131b, and the other ends of the springs 162a and 162b are connected to the switching pins 161a and 161b. The springs 162a and 162b are examples of elastic bodies, and other elastic bodies may be used. Further, the claw support member 130 has claw support holes 132a and 132b. The grip claws 110a and 110b are supported by the claw support member 130 through the claw support holes 132a and 132b.

  The switching pins 161 a and 161 b switch between the opening / closing operation of the grip claws 110 a and 110 b and the rotation synchronized with the phase of the main shaft 211. The switching pins 161a and 161b are held by the springs 162a and 162b so as to be movable in the pin holes 131a and 131b. A force is applied to the switching pins 161a and 161b from the inside of the pin holes 131a and 131b by the springs 162a and 162b. The switching pins 161a and 161b are configured such that their tips are removed from the index bosses 142a and 142b when a torque greater than a threshold value is applied in the rotation direction of the main shaft 211. For example, the switching pins 161a and 161b have hemispherical tips on the index bosses 142a and 142b side. Instead of the switching pins 161a and 161b and the springs 162a and 162b, for example, a ball plunger can be used.

  The grip claws 110a and 110b are claws for gripping with a workpiece sandwiched therebetween. The grip claws 110a and 110b are supported by the claw support member 130 in a state in which the grip claws 110a and 110b can move in one direction perpendicular to the main shaft 211. Claw operating pins 111 a and 111 b are provided at one ends of the gripping claws 110 a and 110 b, and the tips of the claw operating pins 111 a and 111 b are fitted into claw operating grooves 121 a and 121 b provided in the scroll plate 120.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the scroll plate 120. The scroll plate 120 converts the rotation of the main shaft 211 into an opening / closing operation of the gripping claws 110a and 110b. The scroll plate 120 is attached to the holder 212 and rotates in accordance with the rotation of the main shaft 211. The scroll plate 120 is provided with claw operating grooves 121a and 121b. The claw operating grooves 121a and 121b have the closed ends of the gripping claws 110a and 110b in the vicinity of the center of the scroll plate 120, the open ends in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion, and are connected in an arc shape from the closed ends to the open ends. The claw actuating pins 111a and 111b move along the claw actuating grooves 121a and 121b in accordance with the rotation of the scroll plate 120, and the gripping claws 110a and 110b are opened and closed by changing the interval between the gripping claws 110a and 110b. FIG. 4 shows a state where the claw operating pins 111a and 111b of the gripping claws 110a and 110b are at the closed ends.

  The claw support member 130, the claw operating pins 111a and 111b, and the scroll plate 120 function as claw opening / closing means for converting the rotation of the main shaft 211 into the opening / closing operation of the gripping claws 110a and 110b. Further, the claw support member 130, the pin holes 131a and 131b, the switching pins 161a and 161b, the springs 162a and 162b, and the index bosses 142a and 142b function as switching means.

  The switching unit switches between the opening / closing operation of the gripping claws 110 a and 110 b and the rotation operation of the gripping claws 110 a and 110 b synchronized with the phase of the main shaft 211. The switching means switches from the opening / closing operation to the rotating operation when the torque by the main shaft 211 exceeds the threshold during the opening / closing operation, and from the rotating operation to the opening / closing operation when the phase of the main shaft 211 matches the indexing phase during the rotating operation. Switch. Here, the indexing phase refers to a phase at which the rotation operation and the opening / closing operation are switched, and in the workpiece reversing device 100, refers to a phase where the positions of the switching pins 161a and 161b and the indexing bosses 142a and 142b coincide.

The operation of the work reversing device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 3, the work reversing device 100 is in a state where the gripping claws 110 a and 110 b are closed. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the gripping claws 110a and 110b are closed, the claw operating pins 111a and 111b are positioned at the ends (closed ends) of the claw operating grooves 121a and 121b on the center side of the scroll plate 120. . The rotation in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3 is defined as normal rotation, and the rotation opposite to the arrow is defined as reverse rotation. 4 and 6, the forward rotation is counterclockwise and the reverse rotation is clockwise.

  When the main shaft 211 is rotated forward with the switching pins 161a and 161b in the index bosses 142a and 142b, the claw operating pins 111a and 111b move toward the outer periphery of the scroll plate 120 along the claw operating grooves 121a and 121b. Moving. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the claw operating pins 111a and 111b reach the end (open end) on the outer peripheral side of the scroll plate 120, the gap between the gripping claws 110a and 110b is maximized. When the distance between the gripping claws 110a and 110b reaches the maximum, the rotation of the spindle 211 is stopped, and the head 210 is moved so that the workpiece is positioned between the gripping claws 110a and 110b.

  With the workpiece positioned between the gripping claws 110a and 110b, the spindle 211 is reversed. When the main shaft 211 is rotated in the reverse direction with the switching pins 161a and 161b in the indexing bosses 142a and 142b, the claw operating pins 111a and 111b are moved to the center of the scroll plate 120 along the claw operating grooves 121a and 121b. Move towards. When the claw operating pins 111a and 111b come to the closed ends of the claw operating grooves 121a and 121b, the state returns to the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the interval between the gripping claws 110a and 110b is minimized and the workpiece is gripped.

  When the main shaft 211 is further reversed from the position of the closed end of the scroll plate 120, the claw operating pins 111a and 111b cannot move on the claw operating grooves 121a and 121b any more, and thus support the holding claws 110a and 110b. Torque in the reverse direction is applied to the claw support member 130. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the torque applied to the claw support member 130 exceeds a threshold value, the switching pins 161a and 161b are disengaged from the index bosses 142a and 142b, and the claw support member 130 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the main shaft 211. To do. Since the phases of the gripping claws 110a and 110b and the spindle 211 are synchronized and the gripping claws 110a and 110b rotate with the workpiece sandwiched therebetween, the workpiece can be reversed.

  When the main shaft 211 is indexed to a phase where the positions of the indexing bosses 142a and 142b of the connecting member 140 and the switching pins 161a and 161b in the claw support member 130 coincide with each other, the switching pins 161a and 161b are pin holes 131a and 162b by springs 162a and 162b. It is pushed out from 131b and enters the index bosses 142a and 142b. When the switching pins 161a and 161b enter the index bosses 142a and 142b, the claw support member 130 is connected to the connection member 140, and the gripping claws 110a and 110b are fixed in phase and stopped rotating.

A method for machining a workpiece by changing its posture using the workpiece reversing apparatus 100 will be described.
In advance, the processing tool and the work reversing device 100 are attached to the automatic tool changer of the processing machine 200. First, a processing tool is attached to the holder 212 at the tip of the spindle 211 of the processing machine 200. Next, the unprocessed workpiece is attached to the workpiece holding portion of the processing machine 200. After the work is attached to the work holding part, the machining tool is moved to the work holding part by the NC action shaft. And one side of a work is processed with a processing tool. By moving the machining tool on the NC action shaft, machining can be performed while moving one side of the workpiece.

  When machining of one side of the workpiece is finished, move the machining tool away from the workpiece holder. Then, the machining tool attached to the holder 212 at the tip of the spindle 211 is replaced with the workpiece reversing device 100 by the automatic tool changer. After the work reversing device 100 is attached to the holder 212, the spindle 211 is rotated forward to open the gripping claws 110a and 110b of the work reversing device 100.

  When the gripping claws 110a and 110b are opened, the work reversing device 100 is brought close to the work holding unit. Then, the spindle 211 is reversed, and the gripping claws 110a and 110b are closed to grip the workpiece. After gripping the workpiece, the workpiece reversing device 100 is moved to a position where it does not interfere with a jig or the like while holding the workpiece.

  While the gripping claws 110a and 110b grip the workpiece, the spindle 211 is further reversed. Then, the switching pins 161a and 161b come out of the index bosses 142a and 142b, and the work rotates in accordance with the rotation of the main shaft 211. When the work is reversed, the phase of the spindle 211 is determined so that the switching pins 161a and 161b are positioned at the index bosses 142a and 142b.

  When the phase of the main shaft 211 is determined, the claw support member 130 is connected to the connecting member 140, the claw support member 130 stops rotating, and the workpiece also stops rotating. The workpiece reversing device 100 is moved to the workpiece holding portion of the processing machine 200 in a state after the workpiece is reversed. After the work is attached to the work holding part, the main shaft 211 is rotated forward to open the gripping claws 110a and 110b.

  After opening the gripping claws 110a and 110b and releasing the workpiece, the workpiece reversing device 100 is moved to a position where it does not interfere with a jig or the like by the NC action shaft. Then, the spindle 211 is reversed to close the grip claws 110a and 110b, and the phase is returned to the original position. The work reversing device 100 attached to the head 210 is replaced with a machining tool by an automatic tool changer.

  After attaching the machining tool to the spindle 211, the head 210 is moved to bring the machining tool closer to the workpiece. Then, machining of the opposite surface of the workpiece is performed. When the machining of the opposite surface of the workpiece is complete, move the machining tool away from the workpiece holder.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple workpiece reversing device that can grip and reverse a workpiece with a single power.

  Further, in the present invention, since the main shaft and the NC action shaft provided in a general processing machine are used as power, it is not necessary to provide an actuator for opening and closing the gripping claws, and an inexpensive work reversing device can be provided.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, since the work reversing device does not have an actuator and is lightweight, the rigidity and power of the automatic tool changer can be reduced, which contributes to the cost reduction of the machining device.

When an actuator is used to open and close the gripping claws, piping and wiring for the actuator are required, and it is necessary to attach and detach the piping and wiring connection ports each time the work reversing device is detached. Since the interior of the processing machine is an environment in which coolant, mist, and chips are scattered, it is difficult to prevent foreign matter from entering the connection port, and it is difficult to ensure the reliability of the work reversing device.
On the other hand, in the present invention, since the rotation of the main shaft is converted into the opening / closing operation of the grip claw using the scroll plate, it operates normally even if a small foreign matter adheres, and the reliability is improved as compared with using the actuator.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the index bosses 142 a and 142 b are not limited to the mode provided in the connecting member 140, and are provided in a portion of the processing machine 200 that does not rotate with the main shaft 211 and is in contact with the claw support member 130. Just do it.

100 Work reversing device 110a, 110b Grip claw 111a, 111b Claw operating pin 120 Scroll plate 121a, 121b Claw operating groove 130 Claw support member 131a, 131b Pin hole 132a, 132b Claw support hole 140 Connecting member 141, 213 Phase reference boss 142a, 142b Indexing boss 150 Phase reference pins 161a, 161b Switching pins 162a, 162b Spring 200 Processing machine 210 Head 211 Main shaft 212 Holder

Claims (3)

A work reversing device that is attached to a spindle of a processing machine and that inverts the work by rotating the spindle in accordance with the rotation of the spindle by sandwiching the work between gripping claws,
Claw opening / closing means for converting rotation of the main shaft into opening / closing operation of the gripping claw;
Switching means for switching between the opening and closing operation of the gripping claw and the rotation operation of the gripping claw synchronized with the phase of the spindle,
The switching means is
When the torque by the main shaft exceeds the threshold during the opening / closing operation, switching from the opening / closing operation to the rotating operation,
A work reversing device that switches from the rotating operation to the opening / closing operation when the phase of the spindle coincides with the indexing phase during the rotating operation. The work reversing device according to claim 1,
The claw opening / closing means includes
A claw operating pin provided on the gripping claw;
A claw support member that supports the grip claw so as not to rotate together with the main shaft and is openable and closable;
A scroll plate that rotates with the main shaft and has a claw operating groove into which the claw operating pin is inserted, and
The claw operating groove is characterized in that the closed end of the gripping claw is near the center of the scroll plate, the open end is near the outer periphery, and is connected in an arc from the closed end to the open end. Work reversing device. The work reversing device according to claim 2,
The switching means is
A switching pin that is housed in a pin hole provided in the claw support member and is applied with a force to be pushed out from the inside of the pin hole by an elastic body,
An indexing boss that does not rotate with the main shaft and is in contact with the claw support member and that includes the switching pin;
When the claw actuating pin reaches the closed end or the open end during the opening / closing operation, and further rotating the main shaft as it is, the switching pin comes out of the index boss and the claw support member rotates, The work reversing device, wherein the gripping claw is switched to the rotation operation.

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