JP6060441B2 - Algae-containing composition production system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to algae containing composition production system.

In recent years when the issue of global warming has been highlighted, it is not possible to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide gas, one of the greenhouse gases, or to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by fixing carbon dioxide. It has become a big issue.
Under such circumstances, the use of fossil fuel containing immobilized carbon dioxide as energy is an environmental problem because it leads to releasing the immobilized carbon dioxide into the atmosphere again. In addition, since fossil fuel is a finite resource, there is a problem of depletion.
In order to solve the above problems, fuel sources other than fossil fuels are required, and expectations for the development of biofuels using higher plants and algae as raw materials are increasing.

Higher plants that can be candidates for biofuels include soybeans, corn, and palm. However, when edible crops are used as raw materials, there is a concern of causing food shortages. Production from non-edible plants such as jatropha and camelina is also being promoted, but these non-edible plants have a problem of low fuel production per unit area.
On the other hand, algae such as photosynthetic microorganisms and protozoa that live widely in ponds and swamps have the same photosynthetic ability as plants, biosynthesize carbohydrates and lipids from water and carbon dioxide, and accumulate these in cells. The production amount is higher than that of higher plants. For example, it is known that the production amount is 10 times or more per unit area as compared with palm.

Many techniques have been proposed for suitably using such algae for biofuel production.
For example, Patent Document 1 proposes an additive for microbial culture that contains all or part of the components contained in algae.
Patent Document 2 discloses a method of aggregating and separating algae dispersed in a liquid, in which an alkaline inorganic flocculant is added to a liquid having a pH of 2.0 to 4.0 in which algae are dispersed, Methods have been proposed that include adding cationic polymeric flocculants.
Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a technique using chitosan as a flocculant for a method for recovering microalgae from a solution.

JP2011-229439A JP 2011-212624 A Flock of of algae using chisan, Journal of Applied Physology, Volume 14, Number 5, pp. 419-422.

The technology according to Patent Document 1 is a technology that improves the fermentation efficiency of microorganisms using algae, and the technology according to Patent Document 2 is a technology that efficiently separates algae, and both technologies produce biofuel. It is common in that it is a technology that makes effective use of algae at times.
However, when using algae as a biofuel, the fat and oil content of algae varies depending on the species and the culture environment, but is about 20 to 70%. Cells are generated as extraction residues. And this extraction residue contains components useful for humans, animals and plants, such as proteins, pigments, and vitamins.
Therefore, since the techniques according to Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Non-Patent Document 1 are not techniques that take this extraction residue into account, there is room for further improvement regarding effective use of algae.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and to provide a algae-containing composition manufacturing system is Ru can be used effectively microalgae.

To solve the previous SL problems, algae containing composition manufacturing system according to the present invention, a culture means for culturing a culture medium microalgae, a dissolving means to dissolve a solution of chitosan, it was cultured in the culture unit By stirring the culture solution containing microalgae and the lysis solution containing chitosan dissolved by the dissolution means at a predetermined speed gradient, the mixture is stirred at a speed gradient less than the predetermined speed gradient. Agitation means for forming flocs of algae and chitosan; recovery means for recovering flocs formed by the agitation means; return means for returning the solution not recovered by the recovery means to the culture means as a culture solution; Extraction of oils and fats from the microalgae constituting the floc recovered by the recovery means, extraction residue of microalgae after extraction of the oils and fats, Characterized in that it comprises a fat extraction means for recovering the emission, the laden algae containing composition.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a algae-containing composition production system that can be utilized effectively microalgae.
Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the algae containing composition manufacturing system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the algae containing composition manufacturing system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
≪Algae-containing composition≫
The algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention includes chitosan and microalgae, and the microalgae is an extraction residue after oils and fats that can be converted into biofuel are extracted. It is characterized by that. Also, the algae-containing composition is used as an additive for food, feed, or fertilizer.
Since the algae-containing composition is used as an additive for foods, feeds or fertilizers, the use is not limited to biofuel. It can be greatly improved.
In addition, the feed in this application shows what is given as a food to animals raised, such as livestock, poultry, and fish farming.

<Microalgae>
The microalgae are microalgae, which are algae that accumulate fats and oils and carbohydrates inside and outside the cell. Euglena can be mentioned as this microalgae. Euglena is a group of flagellates, including Euglena, which is famous as a motile algae. Most Euglena has a chloroplast and photosynthetizes for an autotrophic life, but some are predatory and some are absorptive.
Euglena is a genus classified into both zoology and botany.

In zoology, there are Euglenida in the eyes belonging to Protozoa's Mastigophorea and Phytomastigophore, which are the three sub-orders, Euglenodina, Peranemido. And Petalomonadoidina.
Euglenoida includes genus Euglena, Tracelemonas, Strombonas, Phacus, Lepocinelis, Astasia, and Colacium.

  In botany, there is Euglenophyta, and underneath it is Euglenophyceae and Euglenaes, and the genus included in this eye is similar to that of the animal classification table besides Euglena. is there.

  Other microalgae include cyanobacteria, green algae and treboxya, prasino algae (green algae), primordial red algae, diatoms, boulder algae, dinoflagellates, true eyed algae, golden algae, etc. One type or two or more types can be selected and used from those including the Euglena genus.

Examples of cyanobacteria include Chroococcacae, Stigonematacae, Mastigocladacae, and Oscillatoricaae. In addition, the other also, Synechococcus lividus and Synechococcus and such as Synechococcus elongatus, and Synechocystis such as Synechocystis minervae, and Mastigocladus such as Mastigocladus laminosus, and Phormidium such as Phormidium laminosus, and Symploca such as Symploca thermalis, Ya Aphanocapsa such as Aphanocapsa thermalis , Fisherella and the like.
Furthermore, examples of cyanobacteria include Anabanena variabilis ATCC 29413, Cyanothese sp. Belonging to the genus Anathena. ATCC 51142, Synechococcus sp. Belonging to the genus Synechococcus. PCC 7942, Anacystis nidulans belonging to the genus Anacystis, thermophilic cyanobacteria and the like can be mentioned.

  Examples of green algae and treboxya include aerial algae such as chlorella (including phylogenetically separated parachlorella), Chlamydomonas, Donariella, Senedesmus, Botryococcus, Sticococcus, Nannochloris, Desmodesmus it can. Specifically, chlorella such as Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella saccharophila (Chlorella), Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella such as Dunaliella teriolecta, and the basic properties such as photosynthesis are the same, but they are classified as a phylogenetic analysis. Parachlorella kessleri (Chlorella kessleri). In addition, Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas) Chlamydomonas line Hull di (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) belonging to the genus Chlamydomonas Moebushii (Chlamydomonas moewusii), Chlamydomonas Yugametasu (Chlamydomonas eugametos), Chlamydomonas Segunisu (Chlamydomonas segnis), Scenedesmus belonging to Scenedesmus (Senedesmus) genus Obelicus, Sticococcus ampliformis belonging to the genus Sticococcus, Nannochloris Nan'nokurorisu-Bashirarisu belonging to the genus (Nannochloris bacillaris), Desumodesumusu (Desmodesmus) Desumodesumusu-Subusupikatsusu (Desmodesmus subspicatus) belonging to the genus, and the like.

  In addition, examples of the plasino algae (green algae) include tetracermis, and examples of the primordial red algae include cyanidiozone, cyanidium, gardi area, porphyridium, and the like.

  The microalgae that can be used in the present invention are not limited to those described above as long as they can produce fats and carbohydrates by photosynthesis, accumulate inside and outside cells, and do not produce toxic substances. Absent.

<Chitosan>
Chitosan is a kind of polysaccharide and is a polymer of glucosamine. Chitosan is preferably made from shells of crustaceans such as shrimp and crab, and it is preferable that protein of the raw material organism is removed in the production process of chitosan. The chitosan is preferably a high molecular chitosan having a molecular weight of 1,000,000 or more. By using 1 million or more polymeric chitosan, a sufficient aggregation effect can be secured.

  The algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may contain nutrients that can be used as foods, feeds, and fertilizers in addition to the above-mentioned microalgae and chitosan.

Next, the algae-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
≪Algae-containing composition production system≫
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an algal-containing composition manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The algae-containing composition manufacturing system 1 includes a culture means 10, a dissolution means 11, a stirring means 12, a recovery means 13, a return means 14, and an oil and fat extraction means 15.

<Culture means>
The culture means 10 is a means for cultivating microalgae, and includes a culture solution (medium) and a culture tank that holds the culture solution.
In addition, when it is necessary to perform a plurality of culture treatments (for example, pre-culture and main culture), the culture means 10 includes a culture solution suitable for each culture treatment and a culture tank.

For example, when Euglena is used as the microalgae, the culture solution of the culture means 10 may be a culture solution to which nutrient salts such as a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source, and a mineral are added. Specifically, as a culture solution, modified Cramer-Myers medium ((NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ : 1.0 g / L, KH ₂ PO ₄ : 1.0 g / L, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O: 0.2 g / L L, CaCl ₂ · 2H ₂ O: 0.02 g / L, Fe ₂ (SO ₂ ) ₃ · 7H ₂ O: 3 mg / L, MnCl ₂ · 4H ₂ O: 1.8 mg / L, CoSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O : 1.5 mg / L, ZnSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O: 0.4 mg / L, Na ₂ MoO ₄ · 2H ₂ O: 0.2 mg / L, CuSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O: 0.02 g / L, thiamine hydrochloride Salt (vitamin B1): 0.1 mg / L, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12): 0.0005 mg / L, (pH 3.5)) can be used. Here, (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ can be converted into (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ or NH ₃ aq.
In addition, the culture solution of the culture means 10 should just use the culture solution suitable for the micro algae to be used, and it cannot be overemphasized that it is not limited to this.

  In addition, the pH of the culture solution of the culture means 10 is preferably 3.0 to 6.0, and more preferably 3.0 to 4.5. Thus, by adjusting the pH to be acidic, microalgae can grow more predominately than other microorganisms, and thus contamination can be suppressed. As a result, in addition to the batch culture method, a continuous culture method can be applied.

In addition, adjustment of pH of the culture solution of the culture | cultivation means 10 can be performed using a powder reagent and reagent aqueous solution suitably. Examples of the powder reagent include sodium bicarbonate, and examples of the reagent aqueous solution include acidic solutions such as sulfuric acid and acetic acid and basic solutions such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
Moreover, depending on the culture solution used for culture | cultivation, it is also possible to maintain pH to the acidity of 3.0-4.0 by absorption of the nutrient source by a micro algae.

<Dissolution means>
The dissolution means 11 is a means for dissolving chitosan, and includes a solution for dissolving chitosan and a dissolution tank for holding the solution.
Chitosan is insoluble in water and alkali, but dissolves in low concentrations of mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid and organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid. Therefore, in order to dissolve chitosan, it is preferable to use an acid as the dissolving solution of the dissolving means 11, more preferably a 0.5% acetic acid solution or a 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution.
Then, chitosan is added to the dissolving solution of the dissolving means 11 so that the final concentration is about 0.5% by weight, and the chitosan is in a solution state by being gently stirred by a stirrer or the like.

The timing of the addition of the lysis solution (chitosan) to the culture solution (microalgae) is not a problem as long as it is before stirring by the stirring means 12 described later, but the flow of feeding the culture solution from the culture means 10 to the stirring means 12 It is preferably added in the passage 21.
If the amount of chitosan added to the culture solution is 0.10 wt% or more with respect to the alga body concentration (dry weight basis) in the culture solution, the sedimentation property of the alga bodies can be improved. More preferably, the sedimentation property is further improved when the concentration is 0.35 wt% to 0.50 wt% with respect to the algal body concentration (dry weight basis) in the culture solution.

  In addition, about the measurement of the chitosan density | concentration in a solution, the structure which a concentration measurement means may be provided in the melt | dissolution means 11 and an operator calculates chitosan density | concentration from chitosan addition amount may be sufficient. And about the addition of the solution (chitosan) to a culture solution (micro algae), the dissolution means 11 is equipped with the addition means which determines an addition amount automatically based on the result of the chitosan density | concentration of a solution, and adds. The structure may be sufficient and the structure which an operator determines the addition amount and adds may be sufficient.

<Agitating means>
The agitation means 12 is a predetermined solution of a culture solution containing microalgae supplied from the culture means 10 via the flow path 21 and a solution containing chitosan supplied from the dissolution means 11 via the flow path 22. The flocs of microalgae and chitosan are obtained by stirring at a speed gradient (hereinafter referred to as rapid stirring as appropriate) and then stirring at a speed gradient less than the predetermined speed gradient (hereinafter referred to as slow stirring as appropriate). It is a means to form.
And the stirring means 12 is comprised including the stirring bar and the stirring tank (tank) holding the solution stirred with the said stirring bar.

(Rapid stirring)
According to the rapid stirring of the stirring means 12, the microalgae contained in the culture solution and the chitosan contained in the solution can be uniformly mixed by rapidly stirring the culture solution and the solution. And it is preferable that the rapid stirring of the stirring means 12 is stirred until the microalgae and chitosan become uniform.

The rapid stirring of the stirring means 12 has a larger speed gradient G value [1 / s] than the slow stirring described later. Here, the velocity gradient G value can be calculated by the following equation (1).
G [1 / s] = ((C _D × A _p × v ³ ) / (2 × ν × Vol)) ^1/2
Where, C _D : Stirring blade resistance coefficient (≈1.5), A _p : Stirring blade cross-sectional area, v: Stirring blade tip speed, ν: Kinematic viscosity coefficient of the solution, Vol: Stirring tank volume

In the rapid stirring of the stirring means 12, the stirring strength GT value (= speed gradient G value [1 / s] × residence time T value [s]) is preferably about 10,000 to 80,000. If the GT value is less than 10,000, it is difficult to mix the microalgae and chitosan uniformly, and if it exceeds 80,000, the cells of the microalgae may be damaged due to shear stress generated by stirring. is there. However, since the strength and mixing properties of the cells differ depending on the microalgae used and the cell concentration in the culture solution, it is preferable to examine an appropriate GT value in advance.
If the velocity gradient G value can be increased, the residence time T value can be shortened.

  In addition, since rapid agitation is intended to uniformly mix microalgae and chitosan, in-line agitation performed in a downstream channel 21 into which a solution containing chitosan is injected. A configuration in which rapid stirring is performed by (stirring with a stirring bar such as a screw provided in the flow path 21) may be employed. In this case, the stirring means 12 indicates a stirring bar such as a screw in the flow path 21 and the flow path 21.

(Slow stirring)
According to the slow agitation of the agitation means 12, the culture solution and the solution are gently agitated to promote contact between the microalgae and chitosan, and the flocs of the microalgae and chitosan are formed and the flocs are coarsened. be able to. As a result, it becomes difficult for the microalgae to exist in a dispersed state in the solution, and the microalgae can be easily settled in the floc state in the collection means 13 described later.
In addition, the slow stirring of the stirring means 12 has a smaller velocity gradient G value [1 / s] than the rapid stirring described above.

The slow stirring of the stirring means 12 preferably has a stirring strength GT value (= speed gradient G value [1 / s] × residence time T value [s]) of about 20,000 to 100,000.
The slow stirring of the stirring means 12 preferably prevents the velocity gradient G value [1 / s] to be 100 [1 / s] or less in order to prevent the floc from being broken by the shear stress generated by stirring. By performing gentle stirring and securing a residence time T value [s], flocs having good sedimentation properties can be formed.

  The stirring means 12 may be configured to perform rapid stirring and slow stirring with a single device, or may be configured with two devices: a device that performs rapid stirring and a device that performs slow stirring. May be.

<Recovery means>
The collection means 13 is a means for collecting flocs of microalgae and chitosan from the solution, and can be separated into a collection target (floc) and a non-collection target (solution).
And the collection | recovery means 13 is preferably a sedimentation-separation means using natural sedimentation which can be concentrated with low power, and comprises at least a sedimentation tank for holding the solution. Here, as the recovery means 13 that performs sedimentation separation using natural sedimentation, for example, a thickener type sedimentation tank or an ultra-high speed sedimentation apparatus can be used.
The collecting means 13 can also be referred to as a concentrating means because it concentrates microalgae in the form of flocs and reduces the water content in the flocs when collecting flocs.

When it is desired to reduce the moisture content in the floc, an apparatus such as a centrifugal separator or a filter press using a filter cloth may be applied as the collecting means 13.
Further, when it is desired to further reduce the moisture content in the floc, the moisture may be evaporated by applying a dryer as the collecting means 13. In this case, it is desirable that the temperature during drying is less than the boiling point of the fat inside and outside the cell. In addition, although drying can also be performed by sun drying, hot air drying, freeze-drying, etc., it is good to use the waste heat which the waste gas and exhaust steam discharged | emitted from a factory, an incinerator, etc. have. This is because the drying can be suitably performed quickly, reliably, and without requiring additional energy.
The collecting means 13 may apply one device (means) from the above means in consideration of a desired floc moisture content, or may combine a plurality of devices (means) from the above means. May be applied.

<Return means>
The return means 14 is a means for returning a solution that has not been collected by the collection means 13 (a solution that is not a collection target), that is, a solution that is not a collection target that hardly contains floc, to the culture means 10 as a culture solution. .
The return means 14 includes a pipe that communicates with the recovery means 13 and the culture means 10 and distributes the solution.

  The collection means 13 separates the floc that is the collection target and the solution that hardly contains the floc that is not the collection target, but the microalgae that could not form the floc in the solution that is not the collection target And may contain chitosan. Therefore, by adding a nutrient salt or the like necessary for the culture to the solution that is not to be collected and returning it to the culture means 10 by the return means 14, the solution can be circulated and used as a culture solution.

  In addition, when the microalga is contained in the solution returned to the culture | cultivation means 10, culture | cultivation will be performed based on the said microalgae. In addition, when chitosan is contained, the chitosan has an action of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Therefore, in the culture solution containing chitosan, the growth of other microorganisms and fungi is suppressed, that is, the effect of suppressing contamination. Is obtained. In particular, when Euglena is used as a microalgae, Euglena does not show growth inhibition by low-molecular chitosan, so even if the added high-molecular chitosan is degraded by some factor to become low-molecular chitosan, growth is inhibited. Euglena can proliferate without being done.

<Oil extraction means>
The fat and oil extraction means 15 is a means for extracting the fats and oils accumulated inside and outside the cells by the microalgae. The fat and oil extraction means 15 contains the algae containing the extraction residue of the microalgae after extraction of the fats and oils and chitosan. A means for recovering the composition.
And when extracting fats and oils by the solvent extraction method, the fats and oils extraction means 15 is comprised including the organic solvent and the extraction tank holding the said organic solvent.

Examples of the organic solvent of the oil extraction unit 15 include hexane. This is because hexane after extraction of fats and oils can be used again for solvent extraction by distillation, and therefore has great merit in terms of environment and cost.
Oils and fats that are dissolved in the organic solvent of the oil and fat extraction means 15 are recovered as biofuel, and microalgae (extraction residue) that have not been dissolved in the organic solvent after the oils and fats are extracted and chitosan are algae-containing compositions. Collected.
In addition, when not extracting fats and oils from microalgae, the fat extracting means 15 does not need to be provided.

≪Operation of algae-containing composition production system≫
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a flowchart of the operation of the algal-containing composition production system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The algae-containing composition production system performs a microalgae culture step S1, a chitosan addition step S2, a rapid stirring step S3, a slow stirring step S4, and a recovery step S5 in this order, and a solution (not recovered in the recovery step S5) The return process S6 is performed on the non-collection target), and the oil and fat extraction process S7 is performed on the flock collected in the collection process S5 (collection target).

  The operation of the algae-containing composition production system may be controlled by an operator or electronically controlled by an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), but in the following description, it is controlled by the ECU. Explain the case.

When the operator adds microalgae to the culture means 10 and turns on a start switch (not shown), the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 starts. Specifically, an ECU (not shown) that detects the ON signal of the start switch supplies the culture solution to the culturing means 10 through the supply pump at a predetermined flow rate, and agitates at the same flow rate after a predetermined time has elapsed. The culture means 10 (specifically, the supply pump and the discharge pump) is controlled so as to discharge the culture solution to the means 12 side via the discharge pump. By this treatment, microalgae can be cultured in the culture means 10 (microalgae culture step S1).
In addition, when it is necessary to perform a plurality of culture treatments (for example, pre-culture and main culture), the plurality of culture means 10 connected by piping or the like may be controlled in the same manner as described above.

The ECU that has detected the ON signal of the start switch, after a predetermined time has elapsed from the detection of the ON signal, dissolves the eluting means 11 (specifically, the discharging means 11) so as to add the dissolving liquid to the flow path 21 through the discharge pump at a predetermined flow rate. The pump). By this treatment, a lysis solution can be added to the culture solution, that is, chitosan can be added to the microalgae (chitosan addition step S2).
In addition, even if melt | dissolution to the melt | dissolution liquid of chitosan is performed in advance, you may be performed in parallel with the said each process.

  The culture solution from the culture means 10 and the solution from the dissolution means 11 flow into the stirring means 12 via the flow path 21. The ECU performs rapid stirring on the flowed culture solution and lysate (rapid stirring step S3), and controls the stirring means 12 to perform slow stirring after a predetermined time (slow stirring step S4). . By this treatment, flocs of microalgae and chitosan are formed in the culture solution and the lysis solution (solution).

  A solution containing floc flows from the stirring means 12 into the recovery means 13. The ECU controls the recovery means 13 (specifically, the flock recovery pump and the discharge pump) so as to recover the flock settled in the lower part through the flock recovery pump and discharge the upper solution through the discharge pump. The solution can be discharged from the upper part to the return means 14 using the difference in height. In this case, the upper part of the recovery means 13 may be structured to have an overflow weir.

  The solution containing almost no floc discharged from the collection means 13 by the discharge pump (not subject to collection) is returned to the culture means 10 by the return means 14 (return process S6). Here, the solution containing almost no floc means a solution containing unreacted chitosan flocculant and unreacted microalgal cells, although it does not contain flocs with high sedimentation. Since these microalgae can grow again in the culture means 10, continuous culture can be performed in the culture means 10. In addition, the structure to which nutrient salt etc. required for culture | cultivation are added during this process may be sufficient.

  The floc (recovery object) collected from the collecting means 13 by the flock collecting pump flows into the oil extraction means 15. The ECU extracts and collects fats and oils from the organic solvent layer, and collects the fats and oils so as to collect the algae-containing composition containing the microalgae (extraction residue) after extraction of the fats and oils from layers other than the organic solvent and chitosan. The extraction means 15 is controlled (oil extraction process S7).

The algae-containing composition production system according to the embodiment of the present invention may include other means in addition to the above means as long as no adverse effects are caused. For example, a reforming unit that modifies the oil and fat extracted by the fat and oil extraction unit 15 may be provided.
Further, for the algal-containing composition production system according to the embodiment of the present invention, each means is provided with various measuring devices for temperature, pH, concentration, etc., and the ECU determines based on the result of the measuring device and signals to each means May be configured to send.
In addition, in the algae-containing composition production system, for conditions and configurations that are not explicitly described, conventionally known conditions and configurations may be used, and the conditions and configurations are as long as the effects obtained by the treatment of each means are exerted. Needless to say, it can be changed as appropriate.

Next, effects of the algal-containing composition and the algal-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
≪Effect of algae-containing composition≫
For biomass such as microalgae, there are 5F, namely, Food, Fiber, Feed, Fertilizer, and Fuel in this order. Going down. Considering this, in order to improve the economics of biofuel production using microalgae and to make effective use of microalgae, the extraction residue generated after the extraction of fuel is used in multiple stages for the above fields. There is a need.
Since the algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention uses, as microalgae, an extraction residue after extraction of oils and fats that can be converted into biofuels, first, the microalgae oils and fats are used as biofuels. In addition, extraction residues that have not been used in the past can be used as high-value food, feed, and fertilizer additives. That is, according to the algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to use microalgae in a multistage manner, and to add high added value to the residue of microalgae, which is a byproduct of biofuel. Therefore, the economical efficiency and effective utilization of microalgae can be greatly improved.

  In addition, since the algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention exhibits an aggregating effect in which chitosan aggregates microalgae, the microalgae recovery apparatus or recovery equipment is reduced, and the recovery time is shortened (production time The cost required for collecting microalgae can be greatly reduced. As a result, the algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the cost of the algae-containing composition itself, and at the same time, can reduce the cost of the biofuel itself composed of the oils and fats of microalgae.

  Furthermore, since the algae-containing composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is easily available and uses algae belonging to the genus Euglena, which is a microalga that can be cultured in large quantities, the algae-containing composition It is possible to reduce the cost of itself and to exhibit the effect of being excellent in industrial properties such as mass production.

≪Effects of algae-containing composition manufacturing system≫
The algae-containing composition production system according to an embodiment of the present invention can extract oils and fats from microalgae by means of oil and fat extraction means, and extract the microalgae after extraction of the oils and fats and chitosan. Since the contained algae-containing composition can be recovered, oils and fats of microalgae can be used as biofuel, and extraction residues that have not been used in the past are highly valuable food, feed, and fertilizer additives. Can be used as That is, according to the algae-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to use microalgae in a multistage manner, and to add high added value to the microalgae residue that is a byproduct of biofuel. Therefore, the economy and effective utilization of microalgae can be greatly improved.

  In the algae-containing composition production system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the culture solution and the lysate are stirred at a predetermined speed gradient (rapid stirring) by the stirring means, and then the speed gradient is less than the predetermined speed gradient. The flocs of microalgae and chitosan can be appropriately formed by stirring (slow stirring). Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the size of the microalgae recovery device or recovery equipment and the recovery time (shortening the production time), and the cost required for recovery of the microalgae can be greatly reduced. As a result, the cost of the algae-containing composition produced by the algae-containing composition production system can be reduced, and at the same time, the cost of the biofuel consisting of the oils and fats of microalgae can be reduced.

Furthermore, the algae-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention failed to form the culture solution and floc by returning the solution that was not recovered by the recovery unit to the culture unit as the culture solution by the return unit. It enables the cyclic use of microalgae. As a result, the cost of the entire algae-containing composition manufacturing system can be reduced.
In addition, the algae-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention uses algae belonging to the genus Euglena, which is a microalga that can be easily obtained and cultured in large quantities. The cost of the containing composition itself can be reduced, and the effect of being excellent in industrial properties such as mass production is exhibited.

  Hereinafter, the algae-containing composition and the algae-containing composition production system according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples as well as the above-mentioned examples. It is also possible to carry out the present invention with appropriate modifications within a range that can be adapted to the gist, and they are all included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Euglena Euglena gracilis was used as the microalgae. And as a culture medium, what produced the AY culture medium of the composition shown in Table 1 using deionized water, and adjusted to pH3.5 using dilute sulfuric acid, and used what performed autoclave sterilization.
The AY medium is an autotrophic medium obtained by removing heterotrophic components such as glucose, malic acid and amino acids from the Koren-Hutner medium generally used as a Euglena heterotrophic medium.

About 2 L of sterilized AY medium was placed in an acrylic culture container having a length of 10 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a height of 27 cm so that the water depth was 20 cm, and Euglena gracilis Z strain was inoculated therein.
The culture vessel was placed in a thermostatic water bath placed on a magnetic stirrer SRSB10LA (ADVANTEC), and stirred at a strength of 300 rpm using a 6 cm stirrer.

A metal halide lamp, Eye Clean Ace BT type (manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.) is installed as a light source directly above the culture water surface, and the height of the light poured onto the culture water surface is about 900 μmo1 / (m ² · s). Adjusted.
The light irradiation was made to be a light / dark cycle in which the light was turned off for 12 hours after being turned on for 12 hours in order to approximate outdoor daytime and night conditions. Further, 15% concentration of CO ₂ was aerated as a carbon source at a flow rate of 0.1 vvm (200 ml / min).

After pre-culture with AY medium, Euglena cells were centrifuged (2,500 rpm, 5 minutes, room temperature) from 2 L of the culture solution. Thereafter, it was washed once with deionized water and replaced with a nitrogen-deficient AY medium in which the nitrogen source was removed from the AY medium.
The nitrogen-deficient AY medium was a medium having the composition shown in Table 2, and was adjusted to pH 3.5 using dilute sulfuric acid and then autoclaved.

About 4.5 L of the sterilized nitrogen-deficient AY medium was placed in an acrylic culture container having a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a height of 27 cm so that the water depth was 20 cm, and the seed alga body pre-cultured with the AY medium was inoculated. The initial concentration was about 0.3 g / L, and culture conditions such as light irradiation, agitation, and aeration other than the light / dark cycle were carried out in the same manner as the culture conditions in the AY medium.
The light irradiation was performed in a light / dark cycle in which the start of the dark period was 0 hours from the start of culture, the metal halide lamp was turned on after 12 hours, turned off after 24 hours, and turned on again after 36 hours.

  As chitosan, Flowac N (manufactured by Nihon Suisan Co., Ltd.), which is a polymeric chitosan having a molecular weight of 1 million or more, was used. After weighing 0.5 g of this Flownack N, it was added to 100 mL of a 0.5% acetic acid solution and stirred overnight at a strength of 300 rpm on a magnetic stirrer (manufactured by ASONE).

  The culture broth cultured for 72 hours in a nitrogen-deficient AY medium was diluted with a nitrogen-deficient AY medium so that the algal body concentration of the culture broth was 0.3 g / L. Then, a chitosan solution is added so that the weight of chitosan is 0.2 wt% based on the dry weight of the algal cells, and rapid stirring is performed at a GT value of 18,000 using a jar tester, followed by slow stirring. The GT value was 77,000. Then, precipitation by natural sedimentation was performed in an acrylic precipitation tank.

  The precipitated microalgae (floc) were collected, and the algal bodies were further concentrated using a centrifuge (manufactured by Kokusan) at 2500 rpm for 5 minutes at room temperature. Nitrogen gas was passed through the concentrated algae to remove oxygen and store at 29 degrees for 2 days. By this operation, Euglena converts the stored polysaccharide paramylon accumulated in the cells into wax esters, which are fats and oils. Water was removed by freeze-drying, and fats and oils were extracted using hexane to obtain defatted alga bodies.

As mentioned above, according to the algae containing composition manufacturing system which concerns on the Example of this invention, the algae containing composition containing the micro algae (degreasing algae body, extraction residue) which extracted fats and oils, and chitosan can be obtained. all right.
In particular, Euglena is a microorganism that can be easily obtained as used in health foods and the like, and can be cultured in large quantities. Therefore, according to the algae-containing composition manufacturing system according to the embodiment of the present invention, a large amount of good-quality wax ester can be recovered from Euglena. Furthermore, according to the algae-containing composition production system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the microalgae extracted from the fats and oils can be applied to foods and the like, so that clean energy can be stably supplied and Euglena can be supplied. It was found that it can be used effectively in multiple stages.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Algal-containing composition manufacturing system 10 Culture | cultivation means 11 Dissolution means 12 Agitation means 13 Recovery means 14 Return means 15 Oil extraction means

Claims (1)

A culture means for culturing microalgae with a culture solution;
A dissolving means for dissolving chitosan with a dissolving solution;
After the culture solution containing microalgae cultured by the culture means and the solution containing chitosan dissolved by the dissolution means are stirred at a predetermined speed gradient, the speed gradient is less than the predetermined speed gradient. Stirring means for forming flocs of microalgae and chitosan by stirring with
Recovery means for recovering flocs formed by the stirring means;
A return means for returning the solution not recovered by the recovery means to the culture means as a culture solution;
Oil and fat extraction means for extracting oils and fats from the microalgae constituting the floc recovered by the recovery means and recovering the algal-containing composition containing chitosan extraction residue of microalgae after the oils and fats are extracted When,
Equipped with a,
The algae-containing composition manufacturing system , wherein the microalgae are algae belonging to the genus Euglena .

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