JP6101890B2 - Dust removal equipment such as dredging water utilizing fluid creeping action - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention makes it possible to roughly separate only a fluid by roughly separating a heavy or solid having a high specific gravity from a liquid or gas utilizing a fluid creeping action capable of performing rough separation and removal of solid matter scattered in the liquid at high speed. It is related to a separation device that can be easily collected by the device, and separates and collects only the gas from water containing dust, generally water intake equipment from water intake equipment and rivers, and gas mixed with dust. The present invention relates to a dust separation technique characterized by enabling daily maintenance and significant cost reduction by applying to equipment.

  Amid the increasing momentum of utilizing rainwater in light of the recent promotion of global warming countermeasures, maintenance work for removing dust such as dead leaves has become an obstacle to long-term continuous use of rainwater.

  As a method for removing dust, trapping and removal using a net or slit is common, but it is necessary to periodically remove the dust trapped on the net in a short cycle. Although a method of natural removal or a method of restricting the intake of rainwater with a lot of dust in the early stage of rain has been devised and put into practical use, once it has been captured, it cannot be easily removed naturally, and it can be used in light rain. There was a problem with the poor water intake rate, which caused distress.

Patent Application Publication 9-500215 Patent Application Publication Hei 11-131537 Patent Application Publication 2002-70086 Patent Application Publication 2003-293401 Patent Application Publication 2003-96996 Patent Application Publication 2005-9155 Patent Application Publication 2006-507927 Patent P4395041 Patent P44223505

Takeo Kikuoka “Problems in the design of intake weirs (continued)” Published in 1995

  In promoting rainwater utilization, there will be no problem if it is possible to prevent the introduction of dust, which is an obstacle to water introduction, storage, and utilization after rainwater intake. The problem is how to take in only rainwater, etc.

  The general method using a fine mesh or a thin slit can remove dust corresponding to the finer mesh, but it must suffer from a decrease in water intake rate and removal of trapped dust. In water transfer, storage, and utilization, solids with a diameter of 2 mm or less, and floating materials such as thin fibers that bend freely can move by natural flow in the water transfer path and settle on the bottom of the storage tank. Many can be easily removed by opening mud plugs attached to the bottom, and even if the heads are clogged due to rare occasions when manual watering is used, they can be easily removed artificially. .

  In the conventional dust trapping device, it is often raining when it is discovered that maintenance is required, and if it is found, it is often necessary to immediately perform removal work. It is not easy to disassemble and disassemble the water intake device to remove the dust and reattach it. Even if fine solids or flowable fibers are rarely mixed due to the installation of this device, in the case of automatic sprinkling, clogging of the sprinkling head etc. can be done by using a dedicated filtration network in a place where maintenance is easy. It is possible to prevent it, and it is not a problem compared to work in the rain.

  The first point is not to catch the dust, and the rainwater in the inclined direction at the time of precipitation of the diagonal cut portion of the main pipe, which was found in the rain gutter installation work, considering the workability of the temporary flexible pipe connection of the gutter was found. Utilizing the extreme bending phenomenon, the solid material is used for the automatic instantaneous separation function, in which the solid falls straightly by inertial action and gravity action, and only rainwater is taken in by this creeping bending action.

  The second point is that the dust removal mechanism has a simple structure and can be easily removed and disassembled, and it is not a problem in the intake and storage of rainwater. The removal of the objects is not carried out at the outdoor dredging site where maintenance work is difficult, but it is carried out with a mud drain plug of a water tank or a specially installed filtration device that is always easy to handle.

FIG. 1 is a typical cross-sectional schematic view of a rainwater dredging apparatus utilizing a fluid creeping action, taking into account an example in which a universal joint is mounted as a water intake port on the cross section B-b shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1 of the water intake device passing through the slit portion having the fluid creeping curved action inclined surface 1b and the water intake 4 in FIG. 1, and (a) is a typical cylindrical rain gutter. (B) shows a rectangular tube gutter, and (c) and (d) show an irregular application example. FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an arrangement shape of a slanted slit or a slanted hole in which the dust / rain water separating / capturing cylinder is developed in a plane, and (a) has a cross-sectional slant angle θ in the water intake direction of the circular cylinder. It is a developed view when the slit is easily processed and the strength of the cylindrical body is ensured. (B), (c), (d), and (e) show some examples of other inclined slits or inclined holes. It is a thing. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion K shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a schematic diagram of a progress situation when a large solid having the same or larger diameter as the inclined slit width or the inclined hole diameter enters along with the original rainwater, and (b) is a leaf of the tree (C) shows an example in which a solid material smaller than the inclined slit width or the inclined hole enters, and (d) shows an example in which a soft fibrous or hard fibrous dust enters. Fig. 5 shows an example in which this principle mechanism is adopted at a water intake from a river, etc., and when a light gas and a heavy gas are separated and purified by removing powder from a mixed gas containing dust, etc. It is each cross-sectional outline figure which adopted this principle mechanism. FIG. 6 shows the basic principle of the present invention when the liquid moves along a smooth lyophilic creeping surface at a predetermined speed at a uniform thickness, when the creeping surface recedes at an angle θ that suddenly forms with respect to the traveling direction. This is an example in which the bending motion of a moving liquid is theoretically expressed by mathematical formulas and the strength is expressed by a graph.

  The form in which the present invention can be most utilized is to reduce the use of tap water from the viewpoint of resource saving, and the rainwater that has been discharged in the past is used as the middle water, and the self-cleaning action is large when the creeping flow rate flow rate is irregular and the change amount is large. There are few obstacles such as work maintenance work and clogging, and it can be used safely and widely spread by attaching this device with a constant water intake function to the bag.

  By adopting this principle mechanism at water intakes from rivers, etc., a simple and safe water intake facility that has maintenance-free rough separation and removal, constant water intake, and water intake stop functions can be easily built in a minimal space. I can do it. For example, it is possible to provide facilities on a dam by the method shown in the schematic cross-sectional views of FIGS. 5 (a), 5 (b), and 5 (c). Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), when applied to a centrifugal separator for gas containing dust, large-capacity gas high-speed specific gravity separation is possible while removing powder.

  A detailed embodiment will be described with reference to each figure and formulas or tables. In the fluid bending creeping surface 1b exhibiting an angle θ formed with the fluid input side creeping surface 1a provided on the fluid creeping curve input / output wall 1 in the schematic diagram in which the fluid of Formula 1 is regarded as a single block aggregate 1u, 1ud, 1ue, If the fluid 1u has a vertical approach velocity at the fluid bending creepage demarcation point (bending angle) 1c, the force acting at the angle 1c is neglected because the acceleration due to gravity is substantially offset by the creeping drop resistance, and the law of inertia Only the effect of the pressing pressure due to atmospheric pressure is shown in the vector diagram Va. The block has a vacuum portion between the bending function slope 1b, but since the atmospheric pressure Np acts to every corner of the object, the vacuum portion is pressed by the mass of the block portion and the atmospheric pressure by the pressure. It moves so that the vacuum part disappears by the acceleration (force) according to the correlation theory.

  In the enlarged Va (vector) diagram, the value of the actual moving position Xa according to the theoretical value Xp that can be moved under the optimum conditions, the angle θ formed by the inclined creepage surface, and the shape of the acceleration and the moving distance for moving the vacuum part to disappear. Assuming the free fall speed of rainwater, Xp and Xa after an arbitrary short time Δt seconds are expressed with Δt as a variable based on the passing time of the curve, and are shown as solid lines in the graph of FIG. As an extreme reference event, the values of Xp (b) and Xa (b) are assumed when the rainwater in the basin is almost full, the flow rate is 2 m per second, the water flow thickness is 60 mm, and the inclination angle θ is 45 degrees. This is shown as a broken line in FIG.

  What is clarified in Formula 1 and FIG. 6 is that the creeping water flow thickness of 2 mm to 3 mm in rainwater at the time of normal rainfall, and Xp is much larger than Xa, and the creeping bending effect is obtained with certainty. It was theorized that rainwater can be guided and taken to the intake side at a high rate even when irregularly contaminated dust is irregularly mixed. In the case shown by a broken line as an extreme reference example, the value of Xp (b) is not longer than the value of the movement predicted position Xa (b) due to the falling speed and the inclination angle because the value of Xp (b) is bent up to 2 ms. Theorized that it becomes a stable creeping phenomenon. In addition, this unstable phenomenon characteristic matches the necessary function at the intake of the dams such as rivers shown in FIG. 5, especially the micro small hydropower generation facility, and promotes popularization as a promising facility mechanism in the future. I can do it.

  Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view through the central axis of a typical rainwater dredging device. As shown in the figure 2 below, the water droplets or water that flies in the cylinder in a jumping state are completely There is no falling thing parallel to the kite, and it always comes into contact with the wall surface of the cylinder, and once it starts to contact and flow on the wall surface, if it flows on a smooth surface, unless there is an element that jumps, the curtain of water or oil Even if you try to pull the suction cup at a right angle to the surface while pressing the vacuum suction cup against the existing lubrication surface, it cannot be pulled away unless a force stronger than the atmospheric pressure is applied, but it is parallel to the lubrication surface. It is the same as moving easily, and there is no resistance to flowing on the surface, but in order to leave the surface, the water flow thickness is more than the surface tension and the protruding part is enlarged. Only by doing so, the fluid will naturally stop creeping and scatter.

  The original rainwater flowing down the inner wall of the dust / rain coarse rough separation cylinder 1w of the entry / exit wall element is taken into the water intake side by the function described above by the fluid creeping bend action slant slit or slant hole 1s provided in the middle and dropped. To do.

  FIG. 2 is a collection of planar configurations of the slit. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-a of the representative rainwater intake apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. The case of a cylindrical device is shown. (C) When (d) does not require a large amount of water intake, an inclined slit or hole is machined into an existing thick ridge, and a water collection tube on the water intake side is inserted into or pressed against the outer surface of the water seal. It shows a method that can be completed just by working. In any case, when rainwater falls along the inner wall surface of the central hollow portion and reaches the inclined slit or the inclined hole, the fluid is bent by the action of the strong atmospheric pressure Np and moves to the intake side tank 3v along the inclined creeping surface 1b, to the intake side. As shown in the state 2f of taking out rainwater taken in, the state of being led to the water storage tank is shown.

  Fig. 3 is a diagram when the surface of the litter / rainwater rough separation cylinder 1w is developed in a plane and observed. (A) is a typical example, and it flows down along the surface vertically. Even then, the rainwater that has passed through the upper and lower two-stage inclined slits 1s and was not taken in at the upper stage will be subjected to rough separation again, and (b) must be separated either up or down. Others (c), (d), and (e) are the same as those described above. (A) In (b), the slit is linear in the cylindrical state. (C), (d), and (e) are straight when developed in a planar state, but are curved on the circumference in a cylindrical state. (E) is provided with inclined continuous holes instead of slits, and can significantly suppress the uptake to the irrigation side when a fiber-like object moves along with rainwater. Each has its strengths and weaknesses and is free to choose.

  FIG. 4 explains the fluid creeping action and the high-speed dust separation function obtained at that time, and the state of the removal process of dusts mixed in the original rainwater, using an enlarged view of the slit portion K. Dust larger than the slanted slit or slanted hole 1s is rejected as shown in (a) and (b), and in the case of FIGS. Rainwater is secured as irrigation water. As a common expression in the figure, Sf represents the flow velocity of the creeping fall situation 2a immediately before the original rainwater creeping action, and St represents the flow velocity of the rainwater situation 2b that obliquely moves to the water side receiving the creeping curve action. The angle formed is indicated by θ. As shown in each figure, the water flow is actually simple, uniform thickness and not all creeping down, but the water flow is scattered and the water flow thickness is not constant but irregularly deformed. These irregularities are omitted in order to clearly represent the basic theory action as shown in the figure. Details are given in the next section.

  Fig. 4 (a) shows the raindrops 2a just before the main rainwater creeping action of the rough trash / rainwater separation cylinder 1w, along with the rainwater as shown in Fig.4a, along with the raindrops falling along with the slant slit width or hole diameter. 5a, and the solid material moves to the intake side due to the creeping bend action and starts moving slightly to the intake side due to the suction action acting with the rain water. The state of tilting is shown, and the solid is blocked by the fluid creeping anti-wall demarcation point 1p and cannot move to the intake side, but is returned to the inside of the original rainwater passage cylinder by gravity. The solid matter blocked at the demarcation point 1p falls inside the original rainwater passage cylinder 5d, and shows that the solid dust that has not been taken in is discharged as usual.

  FIG. 4B shows that the leaves of the tree fall in the same manner as the original rainwater 6a, and the leaves of the tree move to the intake side due to the creeping action, and the intake side moves slightly due to the suction action acting between the rainwater and the intake side. 6b shows that the falling direction is inclined toward the water intake side, and the leaves of the same tree are blocked by the fluid creeping curve against the wall demarcation point 1p and cannot move to the intake side and are returned to the inside of the original rainwater passage cylinder by gravity. A state 6c shows the separation position of the dust, and the leaf of the same tree blocked by the opposite wall demarcation point 1p falls inside the original rainwater passage cylinder. Is shown later.

  FIG. 4 (c) shows that the solid material smaller than the inclined slit width or the hole diameter is dropped together with the original rainwater 7a, and the solid material is moved to the intake side by the creeping bending action. 7b shows a slight movement toward the intake side due to the suction action acting in between, and the falling direction is inclined to the intake side, and the solid matter is curved along the fluid surface and moves to the intake side, allowing it to move to the intake side. 7e shows that the dust is taken into the irrigation side together with the taken-in rain water.

FIG. 4 (d) shows that a soft fibrous material that is much narrower than the inclined slit width or hole diameter falls together with the original rainwater as shown in FIG. 4a, and the fibrous material falls into the intake side by the creeping action. As shown in FIG. 8e, the dust is taken in along with the rainwater and taken into the irrigation side as if it is moved and taken in by the suction action acting between the rainwater and the rainwater. In addition, when the fibrous material that is thinner than the inclined slit width or hole diameter falls together with the original rainwater, the dust shown in 9a moves between the rainwater and the rainwater moves to the intake side due to the creeping action of the fibrous material. 9d shows that the tip tries to move to the intake side due to the suction action, but the rear part has a larger contact surface with the rainwater and the hard fiber cannot be bent by the suction force and falls inside the original rainwater passage cylinder due to gravity. It is shown that they are separated and discharged as before.

  Table 1 shows the results of a dust water passing test that simulates the mixing of dusts shown in FIG. 4. The water intake rate from the original rainwater is about half that of fine sand and muddy dust. Mixing is inevitable, but it can be easily eliminated by opening the mud plug and depositing at the bottom of the storage tank. After the experiment, each part was disassembled and inspected, but there was nothing entangled in the dust / rain separation slit, and the simulated dust left behind in the last water flow was inside the rain gutter and the inner wall of the dust / rain coarse separation cylinder 1w. It was confirmed that it was washed away by rainwater later and there was no problem.

  In FIG. 5, the main fluid creeping action of the present invention and the water intake equipment installed on a dam such as a river applying the high-speed dust separation function obtained at that time, and the powder that skillfully incorporates the gas creeping action are shown. The outline of the centrifugal purification separation apparatus based on the specific gravity of the mixed gas will be described.

  For water intake facilities installed on river dams, etc. For the methods (a) and (b), any dust that is larger than the gap between the dust intrusion prevention comb blades 1x, except for small objects even if the water intake rate is close to 100%. It has a high-speed separation / uptake prevention function, and is particularly effective in preventing the entry of large or heavy dust. The dust that has been prevented from being taken in by the dust intrusion prevention comb blade 1x is disposed obliquely with respect to the creeping flow direction (a state in which the dust is suspended in a direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity), so that it does not stop there. At the same time as moving in the direction of the blade edge, the water flow before and after the flow is also blocked, and the water flow that has lost its continuity no longer loses its fluid creeping action and falls vertically due to gravity with the blocked dust. At that time, the force applied to the comb blade does not stop the solid material instantly, so it does not become an impulsive pressing force, and if a stone with a high specific gravity flows down, the force is applied by centrifugal force before reaching the comb blade. Since it hardly falls off the creeping surface and reaches the comb blade, it can be arranged without increasing the strength of the comb blade.

  When a large driftwood or boulders flow down during flooding that causes flooding, or when the amount of water is large, the water flowing from the upstream is higher than the surface bending and the surface bending is not obtained. Draws and falls, so driftwood and boulders fall as they are, and muddy flow is not taken in and works as a self-natural intake restriction function. Such a unique function, which is unique in that it is built for saving maintenance without capturing dust, is an indispensable function when taking water from rivers.

  FIG. 5 (c) shows an example in which water intake equipment having a dust intake prevention function utilizing a fluid creeping action is added when adjusted water is ejected from a linear opening of the structure 10. As shown in the figure, it is possible to construct a fluid-curved inclined creepage surface on the upper side of the water flow, as shown in the figure. However, the configuration can be made easy. The function of the comb blade is the same as (a) and (b).

  Fig. 5 (d) shows the case where the lightest gas and the heavy gas are separated and purified by removing the powder from the mixed gas containing dust etc., applying the main fluid creeping action and the high-speed dust separation function obtained at that time. An example in which this principle mechanism is applied, and the original mixed gas containing powder is supplied to the intermediate chamber from the mixed gas inlet 11 containing powder to the container arranged as shown in the figure arranged on the concentric shaft. Then, a normal centrifugal force action is generated by providing a rotating motion to the mixed gas containing dust and the like by rotating the high-speed rotating blades 16 with the external rotating field type shaftless floating swirl stirring blade 16 in the branch.

  Provide a fluid creepage initial wall surface 1a for generating a fluid creeping action on the inner and outer boundary walls, a fluid creeping action slant slit 1b, a fluid creepage creepage boundary point (bending angle) 1c, and a fluid creepage curve against wall boundary point 1p. As a result, the powder circulates in the same room and cannot move to the outside room even if centrifugal force is applied. Even if it moves slightly, the powder is discharged and removed from the powder pocket and the discharge port 15 provided there. The Therefore, the heaviest gas that does not contain dust or the like is collected in the outermost room and can be taken out from the heaviest gas outlet 13.

  Similarly, a fluid creepage initial wall surface 1a that generates a fluid creeping action on the inner inner boundary wall, a fluid creeping action inclined slit 1b, a fluid creepage creepage demarcation point (bending angle) 1c, and a fluid creepage curve versus wall dividing point 1p. Therefore, only the lightest gas is collected in the central chamber and can be taken out from the lightest gas outlet 12. In both cases, the high-speed fluid has a self-cleaning action and can greatly reduce maintenance work.

  In the present invention, when the fluid moves along a certain creepage surface with a specific thickness without any particular disturbance, the fluid acts on the surface of the fluid along the curved surface when the surface recedes in the thickness direction. Utilizes the creeping action of the fluid that is pushed and bent by the atmospheric pressure, so-called atmospheric pressure, and moves along the creepage surface. In the past, power and effort have been devoted to capturing and disposing of dust, but this method does not require motive power by selectively collecting only the fluid based on the natural atmospheric pressure. The present invention provides a fluid separation device that utilizes a fluid creeping action that is simple and has an unprecedented simple structure, and that is easy to perform maintenance work.

  In general terms, it is possible to do this instantly if it is a rough separation / removal of solids scattered in the liquid, and the liquid or gas is roughly separated from the liquid or gas with a heavy specific gravity or solid, and only the fluid is simple. It is possible to provide a device for utilizing rainwater that can greatly reduce daily maintenance by applying it to dredging water, for example.

  In addition, it is very effective in preventing the intrusion of large-sized or heavy-duty dust in a small space, and has features such as a self-natural intake restriction function when the amount of source water is large. It is expected to spread as a promising invention that fits the necessary functions at the intake water of the facility, especially the micro small hydropower facility.

  Collection of target gas from various mixed gases including powder, etc., generally collection of low specific gravity hydrogen gas as a new energy source from biogas containing dust obtained by hermetic heating combustion of biomass It is possible to provide a maintenance-free device that can easily discharge and collect carbon dioxide gas.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid creeping curved entry / exit wall 1a Fluid creeping curved initial wall surface 1b Fluid creeping curved action Inclined surface (fluid curved curved creeping surface) which touches the fluid curved curved initial wall surface of inclined slit or inclined hole 1s at creeping boundary point 1c
1c Fluid creepage bend Creep demarcation point (turning angle)
1p Fluid creeping curve vs. wall demarcation point 1s Fluid creeping action tilting slit or tilting hole 1u Input fluid (unit quantity block)
1 ub Creeping fluid (unit quantity block)
1ue Fluid taken in by creeping bending action (unit quantity block)
1w Rust / Rainwater Rough Separation Cylinder 1x Dust Intrusion Prevention Comb Blade 2 Former Rainwater Creeping Falling Condition 2a Former Rainwater Creepage Curve Immediately Precipitation Falling Condition 2b Rainwater Situation that Moves Creeping Curvature Action to Water 2e Creepage Curvature Action The situation of rainwater that is taken into the intake side by the water and leaves the creeping surface and falls freely 2f The situation of the rainwater taken into the intake side 3 The intake rainwater side cylinder 3v The intake side tank 3y The separation gas reservoir 4 The intake rainwater outlet 5a Inclined slit A large solid that is about the same as the width or hole diameter falls with the original rainwater. 5b Rainwater moves to the intake side due to the creeping bending action and moves slightly to the intake side due to the suction action acting between the solid water and the rainwater. State 5c The state in which the solid matter is blocked by the fluid creeping anti-wall demarcation point 1p, cannot move to the intake side, and is returned to the inside of the original rainwater passage cylinder by gravity 5d The solid matter blocked at the demarcation point 1p falls inside the original rainwater passage cylinder. 6a The leaf of the tree falls with the original rainwater. 6b The rainwater moves to the intake side by the creeping action and the rainwater moves between the rainwater and the rainwater. 6c State of starting to move slightly to the intake side due to the working suction action 6c State of leaf of the same tree being blocked by the fluid creeping anti-wall demarcation point 1p and moving to the intake side without returning to the intake side 6d The leaf of the same tree blocked by 1p falls inside the original rainwater passage cylinder 7a A solid material smaller than the inclined slit width or hole diameter falls together with the original rainwater 7b The rainwater moves to the intake side due to the creeping bend action 7e The movement started slightly to the intake side due to the suction action between it and the rainwater. 7e The same solid can be moved along the fluid creeping point and the wall demarcation point 1p. 8a A state in which a soft fibrous material that is much thinner than the inclined slit width or hole diameter falls with the original rainwater 8e The rainwater moves to the intake side due to the creeping action and the rainwater moves along with the rainwater. 9a A situation where the fiber is moved to the intake side by the suction action acting during the period 9a and a solid fibrous material narrower than the inclined slit width or hole diameter falls with the original rainwater

9d Rainwater moves to the intake side due to the creeping action of the same fibrous material, and the tip tries to move to the intake side due to the suction action acting between the rainwater, but the rear part has a larger contact surface with the rainwater. Solid fiber cannot be bent by suction force, and the inside of the original rainwater passage cylinder falls due to gravity. 10 River dam structure, etc. 11 Mixed gas inlet including powder 12 Lightest gas outlet 13 Most heavy gas outlet 14 Intermediate heavy powder mixed gas outlet 15 Powder retaining pocket and outlet 16 Floating swirl impeller without external rotating field type shaft

Claims (1)

  When the liquid is flowing and moving along the creepage surface at a certain thickness, if the surface is deformed in the thickness direction, a creepage demarcation point (bending angle) is created that exerts the fluid creeping action of the fluid moving along the deformation surface. Then, the fluid moves along the curved surface along the curved surface by the ambient pressure acting on the surface of the fluid and is moved along the creeping surface. A water removal dust removing device utilizing a fluid creeping action characterized by having a separation mechanism that can be made to operate.

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