JP6104082B2 - Power generation method and apparatus using concrete structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation method using a concrete structure.

The composition of power generation in Japan is about 60% for coal, LNG, oil, etc. for thermal power generation, about 30% for nuclear power, about 8% for hydropower, and the remaining 2% for solar, wind, geothermal, etc. New energy (Energy White Paper 2010). Under these circumstances, due to the effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred in March 2011, the movement of nuclear power generation and graduated nuclear power plants increased, and in the current situation where we have to rely on thermal power plants, a new one was introduced to reduce CO ₂ emissions. There is a rapid demand for conversion to energy.

  New energy is specified in Japan under the Special Measures Law for Promotion of New Energy Use, etc., and uses biomass, solar heat, geothermal power, wind power, solar power, wave power, tidal power And so on.

  Biomass power generation generates biogas from biomass materials that use organic biomass, such as raw garbage, livestock manure, and sewage sludge, as the main raw material, for example, by methane fermentation using bacteria. This is a power generation method for generating power by driving a generator by burning the biogas.

  Solar power generation uses light and heat as the energy falling from the sun, and when sunlight is bright, it is warm because the sun's rays have heat when it is bathed. This is called solar heat, and this solar heat is the new energy. It is intended to be used as

  In geothermal power generation, heat is generated from a volcano or the like, and power is generated by rotating a turbine with steam blown up underground.

  In wind power generation, a windmill is installed, and power generation is performed by rotating the windmill for power generation using wind power generated in nature.

  Wave power generation uses the enormous energy, paying attention to the fact that waves are generated by the enormous natural energy of the sea and wind.

  Tidal power generation is based on the rotation of the earth and the attraction of the moon, and there are tides such as high tides and low tides in the sea.

  Of the new energies mentioned above, solar heat, snow and ice heat, geothermal heat, and solar light all apply technologies that convert "heat" into energy. In the construction field, heat is generated in various ways.

  On the other hand, construction sites that use a large amount of concrete (mass concrete) such as dam construction are often located in the mountains and are often places where electricity cannot be obtained easily.

  In such a place, if you try to obtain electricity by power generation, all of the new energy such as biomass, solar heat utilization, geothermal power generation, wind power generation, solar power generation, wave power generation, tidal power generation, etc. In addition to the need for space and space, there is also a problem in terms of cost, and it is not so popular at construction sites. Although solar heat has been applied to construction sites, the amount of power generation is very small, and the amount of power generation varies greatly depending on the weather, making it difficult to apply.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example described above, particularly in a special environment such as a construction site, and in a place where a large amount of electricity is required on the spot, heat generated from concrete that has not been effectively used until now. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power generation method and apparatus using a concrete structure that can be used at a construction site by generating electricity using energy with very little CO ₂ emission by converting the energy into energy.

  As a power generation method using a concrete structure in order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a pipe is provided in advance so as to penetrate through the inside of a member before the concrete structure is constructed, and the concrete structure to be constructed. Turbine and pump are installed outside the object, concrete in the concrete structure is placed, and after completion of the construction of the concrete structure, the pump is operated to supply liquid to the piping inside the concrete structure, and gradually generated The gist is to generate electricity by vaporizing the liquid in the pipe with the heat of hydration by the hydration reaction of the concrete to be turned into steam and rotating the turbine with this steam.

A power generation device using concrete or mortar as a power generation device using a concrete structure, wherein the structure is made of a cement-based material such as concrete or mortar during placing (including a state in which it has not yet hardened), and the structure it is an Abstract that has a thermal conductivity of the pipe which is embedded so as to penetrate, the liquid flowing in the pipe, a pump for sending the liquid body, and a turbine for generating electricity by vaporized liquid medium .

  For example, concrete generates a large amount of heat during the hydration reaction. The concrete expands due to heat of hydration, and the expanded concrete shrinks when cooled by the outside air temperature. This expansion and contraction may cause “temperature stress” in the concrete and cause cracks.

  In concrete (mass concrete) used for structures with large deposits such as dams, since the influence of heat of hydration becomes large, measures are generally taken to prevent heat of hydration as much as possible.

  In addition, structures such as water tanks, tanks, and dams with large surface areas and exposed concrete may become very hot due to radiant heat. Thus, although a large amount of heat energy is generated in concrete structures due to “hydration heat” or “radiant heat”, it is not effectively used at all.

According to the first and fourth aspects of the present invention, the energy generated from the concrete that has not been effectively used so far is converted into energy, so that energy with very little CO ₂ emission is used at the construction site. can do.

  The gist of the present invention described in claim 2 is that the pipe uses a pipe cooling pipe for crack control of mass concrete.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inside of the concrete is cooled by the implementation of the present invention, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the member can be reduced. The same effect as pipe cooling is expected, and it leads to the suppression of cracks in concrete structures.

  In the third aspect of the present invention, in a place where the temperature of the concrete surface changes greatly due to a change in the outside air temperature due to seasonal fluctuations even after the end of power generation by heat of hydration, the temperature difference between the radiant heat on the concrete surface and the inside of the concrete The gist is to continue power generation.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, in a place where the temperature of the concrete surface changes greatly due to a change in the outside air temperature due to seasonal fluctuations, the power generation continues semipermanently due to the temperature difference between the radiant heat on the concrete surface and the inside of the concrete. be able to.

As described above, the power generation method and apparatus using the concrete structure according to the present invention converts the heat generated from concrete that has not been effectively used so far into energy, thereby reducing the amount of CO ₂ emission. It can be used in construction sites, and can be used effectively in special environments such as construction sites and where large amounts of electricity are required on the spot. .

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a power generation method and apparatus using a concrete structure of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a concrete structure constructed with mass concrete such as a pier, a water tank, a tank, a dam and the like. .

  Prior to the construction of the concrete structure 1, a heat conductive pipe 2 is provided in advance at the center of the construction portion so as to penetrate through the inside of the concrete member. The pipe 2 is sealed, and a part of the pipe 2 comes out to a construction site of the concrete structure 1 and is closed as an endless. The heat conductive pipe 2 is preferably made of a metal such as a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy and has a high thermal conductivity.

  Moreover, the arrangement | positioning shape of the piping 2 can select various forms, such as when arrange | positioning a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe in parallel connection, when continuing a spiral so that the ring | wheel of the vertical direction like illustration may be drawn continuously.

  Furthermore, the pipe 2 can use a pipe cooling pipe for crack control of mass concrete. The concrete standard specification [Construction] (Japan Society of Civil Engineers) states that it is necessary to handle concrete with a bottom plate thickness of 0.8m to 1.0m or more and a wall thickness of 0.5m or more as mass concrete. In addition, when constructing mass concrete such as bridge substructures, which are one of the important structures, the civil engineering common specifications indicate that “the temperature stress and temperature cracking due to heat of hydration must be sufficiently examined in advance”. It is described.

  A turbine (T) 3 and a pump (P) 4 are installed on the outside of the concrete structure 1 and in the middle of the pipe 2 that is exposed to the construction site of the concrete structure 1.

  As described above, the power generation apparatus using the concrete structure of the present invention is a power generation apparatus using concrete or mortar, and is made of cement-based material such as concrete or mortar during placement (including a state in which it has not yet solidified). A structure 1, a thermally conductive pipe 2 embedded so as to penetrate the concrete structure 1, a liquid (fluid) flowing through the pipe 2, a pump 4 for feeding the fluid, and an evaporated liquid ( And a turbine 3 that generates electric power using a fluid medium.

  Next, how to use the apparatus will be described. For the construction of the concrete structure 1, the concrete 5 is driven.

  The pipe 2 is filled with a liquid as a medium, and this liquid has a low boiling point and is easily vaporized. Also, since the condensation point is relatively high and easily liquefied and dissolves well in water, Ammonia and the like are preferred.

  In this way, the liquid in the pipe 2 is circulated by the pump (P) 4, heat of hydration is gradually generated inside the concrete structure 1, and the liquid in the pipe 2 is vaporized by being vaporized.

  This steam is generated from the concrete structure 1 and rotates the turbine 3 to generate electricity. The turbine 3 generates electric power from a liquid (fluid) medium evaporated by heat of hydration inside the concrete. In addition, since the heat of hydration is equivalent to the outside air temperature in about several tens of days, the power generation by the heat of hydration ends here.

  However, in places where the temperature of the concrete surface changes greatly due to seasonal fluctuations, power generation can be continued semipermanently due to the temperature difference between the radiant heat on the concrete surface and the inside of the concrete.

  The turbine 3 generates electricity from a liquid (fluid) medium evaporated by radiant heat on the concrete surface.

  As described above, when the medium such as liquid ammonia is put in a pipe closed by the heat of hydration inside the concrete or the radiant heat of the concrete surface and sent to a warm part by a pump, the medium is vaporized and vapor is generated. Therefore, the steam is used to generate electricity by turning the turbine. It can produce about 2 to 4 times the power to operate the pump.

It is explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of the electric power generation method and apparatus using the concrete structure of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete structure 2 ... Piping 3 ... Turbine 4 ... Pump 5 ... Concrete

Claims (4)

  Prior to the construction of the concrete structure, pipes are installed so as to penetrate the inside of the member in advance, a turbine and a pump are installed outside the concrete structure to be constructed, the concrete of the concrete structure is placed, and the concrete structure is constructed. After completion, the pump is operated to supply the liquid to the internal pipe of the concrete structure, and the liquid in the pipe is vaporized by heat from the hydration reaction of the concrete to generate steam, and the turbine is rotated by this steam to generate electricity. A power generation method using a concrete structure characterized by that.   The power generation method using a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the pipe uses a pipe cooling pipe for crack control of mass concrete.   The power generation method using the concrete structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein power generation is continued due to a temperature difference between the radiant heat on the concrete surface and the inside of the concrete even after the power generation by hydration heat is completed. A power generation apparatus using concrete or mortar, and a structure made of cement-based material such as concrete or mortar during placement (including a state in which it has not yet hardened), and heat conduction embedded so as to penetrate the structure and sex of the pipe, the liquid flowing through the pipe, a pump for sending the liquid body, the power generation apparatus using the concrete structure, characterized in that it comprises a turbine for generating electricity by vaporized liquid medium.