JP6139907B2 - Rooftop greening laying board and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rooftop greening laying plate for planting plants such as flowers on the rooftop and a method for manufacturing the same.

In recent years, a heat island phenomenon has occurred frequently in urban areas where the temperature in some areas is abnormally high compared to the surrounding areas.
Causes of the heat island phenomenon include reductions in green areas, watersides and bare land due to development, reduction in the amount of rain permeated into the ground due to pavement, reduction in water retention capacity in the soil, evaporation, and reduction in transpiration. Moreover, it is said that the demand for cooling increases as the heat island phenomenon progresses, and the increase in exhaust heat further promotes the heat island phenomenon.

  Therefore, in order to secure a greening area as a countermeasure for the heat island phenomenon, measures are being taken to greenen the rooftops of concrete buildings by methods such as planting lawns and ground cover plants.

  However, in order for plants to grow on the concrete surface regardless of the rainy weather, it is necessary to provide an environment where plants can grow, that is, an environment where moisture and nutrients can be secured.

On the other hand, as a matter of building standards, the weight of structures on the roof is restricted by law.
Therefore, in order to secure moisture and nutrients and reduce the weight from the standard, greening laying plates such as Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have been proposed.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the greening laying plates 1 and 10 disclosed in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2. As shown in FIG. (A) is an external view of the greening laying board 1 of Patent Document 1, and (B) is an AA cross-sectional view of (A) after laying. (C) is a perspective view of the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2, and (D) is an explanatory cross-sectional view when the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2 is laid.

The greening laying plate 1 of Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a granular porous solid 3 spread and attached to the upper surface of the foamed resin molded body 2, and has a planting hole 4 for planting a root part of a molded seedling or the like. The foamed resin molded body 2 is provided so as to penetrate from the upper surface to the lower surface. In the planting hole 4 of Patent Document 1, a large-diameter cylindrical large-diameter hole part 4a for implanting a root part and a through-hole 4b for suppressing the outflow of soil in the large-diameter hole part 4a communicate with each other. Is provided. The through-hole 4b is a small-diameter cylindrical hole and is provided under the large-diameter hole portion 4a. That is, the large-diameter hole portion 4a opens on the upper surface of the greening laying plate 1, and the through hole 4b penetrates the large-diameter hole portion 4a and the lower surface of the greening laying plate 1.
The foamed resin molded body 2 is a light-weight rectangular flat plate or water-permeable foamed polystyrene in which water-permeable foamed polystyrene pellets are pressure-formed with an adhesive substance.

As shown in FIG. 1 (B), when laying the greening laying plate 1 of Patent Document 1 on the concrete floor surface A of the roof, first, the root-proof sheet B is laid on the concrete floor surface A, and the water retention property is provided thereon. A porous solid material such as granular pumice having water permeability is introduced and laid to form the water retention / drainage layer 5. Next, the greening laying plate 1 is laid on the water retention / drainage layer 5, and these are connected to each other with a metal fitting or the like. And the root part of a plant is inserted and fixed to the planting hole 4 with soil.
As a result, the roots of the plants that have passed through the through holes 4 b extend into the water retention / drainage layer 5.

  In the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2, the porous granular material 13 such as pumice that covers the upper surface and the hydrophobic elastic granular material such as granular polystyrene foam in the lower layer are mixed and stirred with an adhesive curing agent, and added. It is made of a foamed resin molded body 12 that has been compacted, and is formed with a plurality of square-injection-type planting holes 14 through which plant roots are implanted.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (D), when the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2 is laid, first, a root-preventing sheet B is laid on the concrete floor surface A, and a desired region of the root-preventing sheet B is surrounded by a border material. 17, a water retention layer 18 made of fine pumice, a porous material, or a sponge-like sheet-like piece is laid, and an active layer 15 made of culture soil, peat moss, or a mixture thereof is laid thereon. Thereafter, the greening laying plate 10 is laid on the active layer 15. As a result, in the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2, the bottom surface of the root portion transplanted into the planting hole 14 is in contact with the active layer 15.

  As described above, the greening laying plate 1 of Patent Document 1 and the greening laying plate 10 of Patent Document 2 have realized weight reduction by using lightweight foamed polystyrene.

JP 2002-281826 A JP 2004-121210 A JP 2001-54321 A JP 2011-163092 A

http: // www. token-web. com / work / greenbiz02. html

In the greening laying plates 1 and 10 of Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, the foamed resin molded bodies 2 and 12 occupy most of the material excluding the surface layer. However, since the foamed resin molded bodies 2 and 12 are hydrophobic granular materials such as foamed polystyrene, they do not have water retention. Therefore, in order to secure moisture and nutrients without causing root rot, the water retention / drainage layer 5 or the water retention layer 18 made of a porous solid material such as pumice under the greening laying plates 1, 10, culture soil or An active layer 15 made of peat moss or the like had to be provided.
Therefore, while the root-prevention sheet B is laid on the concrete floor surface A of the roof and the edge enclosure 17 is formed, the water retention / drainage layer 5, the active layer 15, and the water retention layer 18 (hereinafter referred to as the water retention / drainage layer 5). The work of laying down is necessary. However, the work is complicated, and it takes a long time to work at the site, which places a heavy burden on the operator and high cost.

  Further, when waterproofing is performed for rooftop maintenance, all structures on the concrete floor surface A must be removed once. However, since the water retention / drainage layer 5 or the like is formed by laying granular pumice or the like, it takes time to remove the water retention / drainage layer 5 or the like. In addition, since the roots of the plant are stretched over the water retention / drainage layer 5 and the like, the roots are easily damaged during the removal operation, and the state of the greening laying plates 1 and 10 cannot be restored after maintenance.

In order to improve such problems of Patent Literatures 1 and 2, the greening laying plate 20 of Patent Literature 3 and the greening laying plate 30 of Non-Patent Literature 1 have been proposed.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the greening laying plate 20 of Patent Document 3, the greening laying plate 30 of Non-Patent Document 1, and the water retention panel 31 of Patent Document 4. (A) is explanatory drawing of the laying board 20 for greening of patent document 3, (B) is explanatory drawing before growth of the laying board 30 for greening of nonpatent literature 1, (C) is greening of nonpatent literature 1. Explanatory drawing after growth of the laying board 30 for an installation, (D) is explanatory drawing of the water retention panel 31 of patent document 4. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the greening laying plate 20 of Patent Document 3 fixes a resin or metal drain plate 23 and a tray-shaped seedling pan 24 provided on the drain plate 23 to each other. Is. In the drain plate 23, a plurality of water retaining portions 21 for storing water and a drainage portion 22 having air permeability are integrally formed. A land 28 is placed on the seedling pan 24, and a plant is planted on the ground 28. In addition, water is supplied to the soil 28 from the protruding portion 24a on the bottom surface of the seedling pan 24 fitted into the water retaining portion 21.

  This greening laying board 20 of Patent Document 3 has a waterproof layer C and a root prevention sheet B laid on a concrete floor surface A, a drain board 23 is set thereon, and a plant is grown on the soil 28 in advance. The seedling pan 24 is placed and fixed to the drain plate 23 for laying. Thereby, the labor for installing the greening laying plate 20 is also reduced. Further, when waterproofing the rooftop concrete floor surface A, it is only necessary to remove the drain plate 23, and it is easy to remove the greening laying plate 20, and after the waterproofing, the greening laying plate 20 is re-laid. Then, the state of the greening laying plate 20 could be restored.

  However, since the water retention force of the greening laying plate 20 of Patent Document 3 is due to the water retention portion 21 of the drain plate 23, only the amount of water stored in the water retention portion 21 can be retained. Therefore, the plants cannot be managed unless water is supplied almost daily with the irrigation pipe 27, and the greening of the greening laying plate 20 cannot be maintained without maintenance. In addition, since the drain plate 23 must be provided for water retention, extra costs have been incurred.

  Further, water can be supplied to the drain plate 23 only from above the drain plate 23. For this reason, one irrigation pipe 27 is arranged on one greening laying plate 20, and a considerable length of irrigation pipe 27 is required. Moreover, the irrigation pipe 27 was complicated and difficult to construct.

Moreover, since the irrigation pipe 27 is arrange | positioned on the seedling pan 24 in the laying board 20 for greening of patent document 3, there existed a possibility that the person could step on the irrigation pipe 27 exposed on the seedling pan 24 and damage it.
Further, when the irrigation pipe 27 is laid under the greening laying plate 20 in order to solve such problems of the irrigation pipe 27, the installation work of the greening laying plate 20 and the laying operation of the irrigation pipe 27 are performed at the time of enforcement. It is necessary to carry out in parallel, and work efficiency is bad. In addition, since the irrigation pipe 27 is concealed by the greening laying plate 20, there is a problem in that it is difficult to manage the irrigation pipe 27 because the state of water discharge from the irrigation pipe 27 cannot be seen during use.

  Also, at high places such as the rooftop, the wind always blows from an irregular direction. In the greening laying plate 20 of Patent Document 3, the customer soil 28 placed in the drain plate 23 serves as a weight, and prevents the greening laying plate 20 from flying. However, since the soil 28 of the seedling pan 24 is exposed on the surface, the soil 28 is scattered by the wind. As a result, the greening laying plate 20 that has lost the land 28 is lightened, and the greening laying plate 20 itself may be blown by the wind.

  Moreover, in order to grow a plant stably, it is necessary to grow and grow the plant in advance in an environment suitable for plant growth using the seedling pan 24. However, for that purpose, it is necessary to prepare a dedicated farm for growing the plant in the seedling pan 24, and the manufacturing cost of the greening laying board 20 of Patent Document 3 including its construction cost and maintenance cost becomes high. It was.

The greening laying board 30 of Non-Patent Document 1 shown in FIGS. 2 (B) and 2 (C) is a mixture of biomass cake, which is a collection of microorganisms used during wastewater treatment, with diatomaceous earth and viscosity, and at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more. A porous sponge-like ceramic substrate having baked sponge-like holes. In Non-Patent Document 1, seeds are planted directly on the thin soil provided on the upper surface of the greening laying plate 30 and rooted on the greening laying plate 30. Then, the root enters a fine hole opened in the greening laying plate 30 and stretches the root in the greening laying plate 30.
Thus, the greening laying plate 30 of Non-Patent Document 1 is laid only by placing the greening laying plate 30 on which the plant has been grown in advance on the root prevention sheet B.

However, in order to germinate and root on the greening laying board 30 of Non-Patent Document 1, it is necessary to grow plants sufficiently under appropriate conditions in advance. In addition, since there are no vegetation holes 4 and 14 as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the seeds are not changed until the roots are fully advanced, so that the seeds are not blown by the wind. At the same time, it is necessary to appropriately control temperature, light source, humidity, and the like.
Therefore, in order to manufacture the greening laying board 30 of Non-Patent Document 1, a specialized farm and a worker who is familiar with it are necessary. Therefore, not only the construction cost of a specialized farm facility but also a veteran who is familiar with technology. It was necessary to always employ workers, and the manufacturing cost of the greening laying board 30 was high.

  In addition, the greening laying plate 30 has a possibility of cracking the greening laying plate 30 due to the extension of the roots because the roots are stretched in the greening laying plate 30 from fine pores. Therefore, when waterproofing work is required for maintenance of the concrete floor surface A, the greening laying plate 30 may be finely broken, and the removal work is not easy. In addition, after removing the greening laying plate 30 and waterproofing the concrete floor surface A, the greening of the rooftop could not be restored to the original state again.

  Further, the greening laying plate 30 is an aggregate of fine sponge-like holes unlike a good soil structure. That is, the greening laying plate 30 has no aggregates, and no pores are formed because there are no aggregates. For this reason, the greening laying plate 30 cannot have a water permeability function, a ventilation function, and a water retention function in a well-balanced manner, and the plant may cause root rot.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 4 uses a water retention panel 31 shown in FIG. 2D as a countermeasure against the heat island phenomenon. The water retention panel 31 is a panel mainly composed of two components of lightweight cellular concrete and cement, and is laminated on an air layer 32 and a substrate layer 33 provided on the waterproof layer C.

  The water retention panel 31 retains and maintains as much rainwater collected on the roof as possible, thereby reducing the amount of rainwater that flows into the sewer pipe at a stretch and preventing the occurrence of urban flood damage. In addition, since the building is cooled by the heat of vaporization generated when water evaporates from the water retention panel 31, the amount of cooling used can be reduced. As a result, the amount of evaporation and transpiration from the water retention panel 31 increases, and the exhaust heat of the cooling is reduced, thereby contributing to the suppression of the promotion of the heat island phenomenon.

On the other hand, when greening is applied to the building, transpiration from the back of the leaves can be expected, and it has been confirmed that cooling in summer can be reduced because the plants reflect infrared rays.
However, even if seeds are sprouting on the surface of the water retention panel 31 as in Non-Patent Document 1, it requires non-patents that require specialized farms and experienced workers who are familiar with germination techniques and are expensive to manufacture. The problem of Document 3 cannot be solved.

  Further, even if the through holes 4 and 14 of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 that are penetrated are provided in the water retaining panel 31, the roots extend to the lower surface of the panel through the penetrated holes 4 and 14, so A drainage layer 5 or the like is required. Therefore, the problem of patent documents 1 and 2 cannot be solved only by providing the water retaining panels 31 with the holes 4 and 14 of patent documents 1 and 2.

Further, when the water holes 4 and 14 of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are provided in the water retaining panel 31, the water retaining panel 31 is broken, so that the water retaining panel 31 is broken when a person walks on the water retaining panel 31. However, when the maintenance of the water retention panel 31 is performed, it is necessary for a person to walk on, so that the water retention panel 31 cannot be put into practical use simply by providing the holes 4 and 14 of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
There is also a method of making the water retention panel 31 considerably thicker so that the water retention panel 31 does not break even when a person walks on top. However, the water retaining panel 31 could not be thickened due to the legal weight restrictions for use on the rooftop.

  The present invention has been developed to solve the above-described problems. That is, the object of the present invention is that even if a plant is grown, it is light in weight, does not require a water retention / drainage layer to support the roots, is easy to lay, and has a short work time for laying on the site. The burden is light, and once removed, it can be restored to the original green state again, maintenance is easy, it is not scattered by the wind, root rot can be prevented, and the farms and veterans that grow plants in advance An object of the present invention is to provide a roof greening laying board that requires no workers and is inexpensive to manufacture and lay.

According to the present invention, a lightweight porous concrete granule having a large number of pores and appropriately absorbing water into the pores;
A binder for adhering the particulates to each other by providing a gap having a moderate drainage between the plurality of particulates;
Reinforcing means for reinforcing the bond between the granular material and the binder in the mixture of the granular material and the binder,
The granular material and the binder are consolidated into a flat plate shape having a rectangular upper surface and lower surface,
Furthermore, it has a planting recess that opens on the upper surface and can plant a plant inside,
Planting栽窪optic lobe, have a bottom not penetrating to the lower surface,
The side edge notches of the four sides of the upper surface have side cutout portions cut out in an L shape or a J shape,
The side cut-out portion forms a pipe laying groove through which the irrigation pipe that drains water from the small hole formed in the wall surface is joined with the adjacent side cut-out portion when the side faces come into contact with the adjacent side surfaces. A rooftop greening laying board characterized by the above is provided.

The reinforcing means is a short vinylon fiber mixed with the mixture,
The bottom surface of the planting depression is a plane parallel to the lower surface.

In another embodiment, the reinforcing means is a short vinylon fiber mixed with the mixture,
The bottom surface of the planting depression is a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface.

In still another embodiment, the reinforcing means is a reinforcing bar knitted in a lattice shape, and is provided between the bottom surface and the bottom surface so as to be horizontal with the bottom surface.
The bottom surface of the planting depression is a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface.

Having a corner cutout part in which the corners of the four corners of the upper surface are cut out;
The corner cutout portions are combined with adjacent or opposite corner cutout portions to form an installation space for installing fixing brackets that fix the four corners of the upper surface.

Lightweight porous concrete is a waste material of ALC building materials,
The granular material is a particle formed by pulverizing ALC building material waste.

  The binder is an inorganic adhesive or an organic adhesive.

Moreover, according to the present invention, there is provided a manufacturing method of the above-mentioned roof greening laying plate,
Put the mixture of granular material and binder in the bottom mold with a flat bottom,
Next, a method for producing a roofing greening laying board, characterized in that an upper surface mold provided with a depression forming protrusion protruding downward in the shape of the planting depression is pressed from above the mixture in the lower mold to solidify the binder. Provided.

Also, when putting the mixture into the bottom mold,
First, put a part of the mixture into the bottom mold,
Next, the reinforcing means, which is a reinforcing bar made of braided wires that reinforce the bonding between the granular material and the binder, is laid on the part of the mixture,
Thereafter, the remaining mixture is placed on the reinforcing means.

  According to the roof greening laying plate of the present invention described above, the roof greening laying plate is manufactured by solidifying a mixture of the granular material and the binder, so that the granular materials are bonded to each other with the binder. Therefore, the granular material is not blown by the wind.

  Further, since the roof greening laying plate is a mixture obtained by solidifying the mixture of the granular material and the binder, the water penetration and absorption is good, and the water on the lower surface that has flowed to the concrete floor surface can be absorbed and absorbed. Therefore, the irrigation pipe can be shortened and it is economical. Therefore, the drain plate is not required and it is economical, and the operation without using the irrigation pipe is possible, and the maintenance can be made free.

Furthermore, the roof greening laying plate has a structure in which a gap that is a gap between the granular material and the granular material is combined with the granular material. This allows the plant to extend its roots into the voids. That is, the structure which combined the space | gap and the granular material of the laying board for rooftop greening of this invention has reproduced the structure of the quality soil.
In addition, since the rooftop greening board of the present invention forms large and small gaps with various sizes of granular materials, the water permeability function, ventilation function, and water retention function are balanced in the same way as good quality soil. And can prevent root rot of plants.

  Furthermore, since the roof greening laying plate of the present invention has reinforcing means, the strength of the roof greening laying plate can be maintained even if the roof greening laying plate is manufactured to be thin enough to meet the weight limit of the building standard. . Therefore, even if a person walks on the roof, the roof greening laying board will not break. In addition, since a reinforcing means is included, the structure of the roof greening laying plate can be strongly maintained even if a planting depression is provided.

  Moreover, since the laying board for rooftop greening of the present invention has a planting depression, the soil and nutrients and the root of a commercially available seedling pot are put in the planting depression, and the roots of the seedling pot are stretched on the roofing gardening board for greening Can do. By simply putting the soil, nutrients, and roots of the seedling pot into the planting depressions on the rooftop greening laying board arranged on the rooftop, the rooftop can be easily greened.

  In addition, greening can reflect the infrared rays of sunlight on the leaves of plants, while keeping the plants cold by transpiration from the back of the leaves, generating no radiant heat, and keeping the rooftop greening laying board in the shade with leaves Because of this, further building cooling effects can be expected. Similarly, the rooftop can be easily greened, reducing the heat island phenomenon, the function of the minidam due to the water retention of both the rooftop greening laying board and the plant, and transpiration from both the rooftop greening laying board and the plant planted on it. The temperature drop in the surrounding environment due to evaporation can be expected.

  Furthermore, the laying board for rooftop greening according to the present invention has a planting depression, so that a commercially available seedling pot grown on a general farm can be used. In addition, since the planting depression is provided, the plant can be nourished and the roots can be grown sufficiently to extend into the laying plate for rooftop greening.

  Also, when installing the rooftop greening laying board, the rooftop greening laying board is placed on the rooftop, and then a seedling pot is planted in the planting recess, so that the rooftop greening laying board can be stacked and carried to the rooftop. Can be made more efficient. Further, since the rooftop greening laying boards can be stacked and transported, the rooftop greening laying boards and seedling pots can be efficiently transported to the site.

  In addition, since the bottom of the planting depression of the present invention does not penetrate the bottom surface, the roots of the plant can be stretched in the rooftop greening laying board, and a water retention / drainage layer etc. is provided under the rooftop greening laying board. There is no need to provide it. As a result, it is not necessary to lay a water retention / drainage layer, etc., and the work for laying the rooftop greening laying plate can be made more efficient, shortening the work time, reducing the burden on the worker, and laying the rooftop greenery. Reduction of board laying costs can be realized.

  In addition, since the bottom of the planting depression does not penetrate the lower surface, most of the plant roots extend into the rooftop greening laying board. Therefore, when it becomes necessary to perform waterproofing maintenance work on the concrete floor of the roof after the greening work, it is possible to remove the greening without damaging the roots of the plant by simply removing the roofing greening board, and also laying the rooftop greenery. By simply placing the board again, the rooftop can be returned to the green state again.

It is explanatory drawing of the laying board for greening disclosed by patent document 1 and patent document 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the laying board for greening of patent document 3, the laying board for greening of nonpatent literature 1, and the water retention panel of patent document 4. It is explanatory drawing of the laying board for rooftop greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the laying board for rooftop greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention laid. It is explanatory drawing of the usage method of the laying board for rooftop greening of this invention. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the laying board for rooftop greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is comparative explanatory drawing about the bottom face shape of the planting hollow of the laying board for rooftop greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the laying board for rooftop greening of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a photograph which shows the test result of the tolerance test in a strong alkali. It is a photograph which shows the test result of a water wicking test.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the roof greening laying plate 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is the external view seen from the top, (B) is BB sectional drawing of (A), (C) is an enlarged view of the mixture 55 of (B), (D) is the rooftop greening of this invention It is a perspective view of the laying board 50 for an object.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention includes a granular material 52, a binder 54, and reinforcing means 56.

The granular material 52 is a particle formed by pulverizing lightweight porous concrete. Lightweight porous concrete has a large number of pores and absorbs water appropriately. The lightweight porous concrete is preferably a waste material of ALC building material. However, even if it is not the waste material of ALC building materials, it may be pumice that has a large number of holes and absorbs water appropriately.
The use of the granular material 52 in this way can recycle the ALC building material waste and is good for the environment.

  As shown in FIG. 3C, the binder 54 adheres the particulates 52 to each other in a state where the gaps 51 having moderate drainage are provided between the plurality of particulates 52. The binder 54 is preferably an inorganic adhesive or an organic adhesive.

  Since the roof greening laying plate 50 is manufactured by solidifying the mixture 55 of the particulate matter 52 and the binder 54, the particulate matter 52 is adhered to each other by the binder 54. Therefore, the granular material 52 is not blown by the wind.

  In addition, since the roof greening laying plate 50 is a mixture 55 obtained by solidifying the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54, the water permeability is good as in the experimental results described later. Therefore, since the water that has flowed to the concrete floor surface A can be permeated and absorbed, a plurality of roof greening laying plates 50 can be irrigated with a single irrigation pipe 62. In addition, since the plurality of rooftop greening laying plates 50 can be irrigated with one irrigation pipe 62, the drain plate 23 is not necessary, and the irrigation pipe 62 can be omitted or shortened, which is economical.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the roof greening laying plate 50 has a structure in which a gap 51 and a granular material 52 that are gaps between the granular material 52 and the granular material 52 are combined. Thereby, the root of the plant can extend the root to the space 51 between the granular material 52 and the granular material 52.
Moreover, since the root of a plant can be fully extended in the space | gap 51, the possibility that the laying board 50 for rooftop greening will crack can be made low.

In addition, the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention forms a granular material 52 having various sizes and a gap 51 having various sizes. This configuration is similar to good quality soil. Moreover, since it has the structure similar to a good quality soil, the roofing greening laying board 50 also has a water permeability function, a ventilation function, and a water retention function like a good quality soil.
That is, the granular material 52 functions as a soil aggregate, and the void 51 functions as a pore. In the gap 51, water (liquid phase) and air (gas phase) are shared. Therefore, similarly to good-quality soil, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 can be composed of a granular material 52 that is a solid (solid phase), water (liquid phase) in the gap 51, and air (gas phase).
Thus, since the structure is the same as that of a good quality soil, the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention can effectively prevent root rot of the root part of the plant.

The water-permeable function is a function that allows water to flow through the large pores of the soil when watering, and the air-permeable function is that the water in the pores is pushed out by water passing through the large pores, This is a function to replenish fresh air into the pores. In addition, the water retention function means that the water in the small pores in the soil has a meniscus at the interface with the air that enters after the water in the large pores has escaped, so the pressure in the water is lower than the external pressure. It is a function to confine water in the pores.
The meniscus is a curved surface formed by raising or lowering the central portion of the liquid in the narrow tube as compared with the portion along the tube wall.

Moreover, the granular material 52 and the binder 54 of the present invention are consolidated into a flat plate shape having a rectangular upper surface 50a and a lower surface 50b to form a roof greening laying plate 50. Furthermore, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 has a planting recess 50c that is open to the upper surface 50a and in which a plant can be planted.
Moreover, since the amount of green per square meter must be widened, the manufacturing cost and weight must be reduced, and the amount of soil must be increased, seven planting recesses 50c are provided in the present embodiment of the present invention. Yes. However, the number of planting depressions 50c may be more or less than this.

  The rooftop greening laying board 50 of the present invention has the planting depression 50c, so that the soil, nutrients, and roots of the commercially available seedling pot 72 are placed in the planting depression 50c, and the roots of the plant are placed on the rooftop greening laying board 50. Can be stretched. Thus, the rooftop can be easily greened simply by putting the soil, nutrients, and roots of the seedling pot 72 into the planting recess 50c of the rooftop greening laying plate 50 arranged on the rooftop.

Moreover, since the roof can be easily greened, the infrared rays of sunlight can be reflected by the green of the plant. Further, since the plant is kept cold by the transpiration action from the back of the leaf, no radiant heat is generated, and the roof greening laying plate 50 can be kept in the shade with the leaf. Therefore, by further greening with the rooftop greening laying plate 50, a further building cooling effect can be expected.
In addition, because the rooftop can be easily greened, the heat island phenomenon can be expected to decrease, and the function of controlling the rainwater outflow by the water retention of the plant and the rooftop greening laying board 50 can be expected, the transpiration from the rooftop greening laying board 50 and the plant, Expected temperature drop due to evaporation.

  Moreover, the laying board 50 for rooftop greening of this invention has the planting hollow 50c, and can use the commercially available seedling pot 72 grown on the common farm. In addition, since the nutrient is given to the plant by putting the nutrient in the planting depression 50c, the plant can be encouraged to sufficiently extend the root in the roof greening laying plate 50.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the planting recess 50c of the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has a bottom surface 50g that does not penetrate the lower surface 50b.
Since the bottom surface 50g of the planting depression 50c of the present invention does not penetrate the lower surface 50b, the roots of the plant can be stretched in the roof greening laying plate 50. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the water retention / drainage layer 5 etc. under the roof greening laying plate 50. Accordingly, it is not necessary to perform the work of laying the water retention / drainage layer 5 and the like, the work time required for laying the roof greening laying board 50 can be shortened, the burden on the operator can be reduced, and the roof greening laying board 50 can be reduced. The laying cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 50c of the present embodiment is a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface 50b, most of the roots of the plant extend into the roof greening laying plate 50. Therefore, when it becomes necessary to perform waterproofing maintenance work on the concrete floor surface A of the roof after the greening work, the greening can be withdrawn without damaging the roots of the plant by removing the laying plate 50 for the greening of the roof. By simply placing the laying plate 50 again, the rooftop can be returned to the greening state again.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 (A), (B), and (D), the rooftop greening laying plate 50 of the present invention is a side in which the edge portions 58 of the four sides of the upper surface 50a are cut out in an L shape. It has a notch 50d. The roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has an L-shaped side cutout portion 50d, but the cutout may be curved like a J-shape.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the laid laying plate 50 for roof greening according to the present invention. (A) is explanatory drawing which arranged the installation board 50 for rooftop greening, (B) is the place which laid the fixing metal fitting 64 and the irrigation pipe 62. FIG. (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (B), (D) is a view taken along the line DD of (B), and (E) is a view of the fixing bracket 64 as viewed from above.
As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the side cut-out portion 50d has an adjacent side when the side surface of the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is in contact with the side surface adjacent to each other when the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is laid out. Together with the notch 50d, a pipe laying groove 60 is formed. And the groove | channel 60 for pipe | laying can let the irrigation pipe 62 which discharges | emits water from the small hole opened in the wall surface pass as FIG. 4 (B) and (C).

  As shown in the experimental results described later, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has excellent water permeability, so that plants can be grown in a maintenance-free state without using the irrigation pipe 62. Can be made.

  Even when the irrigation pipe 62 is used depending on the rooftop environment, the irrigation pipe 62 can be installed simply by placing the irrigation pipe 62 in the pipe laying groove 60 and pressing the irrigation pipe 62 with the fixing bracket 64. For this reason, the irrigation pipe 62 can be laid after the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is installed, that is, it is not necessary to perform the installation work of the rooftop greening laying plate 50 and the irrigation pipe 62 at the same time. Efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the irrigation pipe 62 does not fit under the roof greening laying plate 50, the irrigation pipe 62 can be easily managed. Moreover, since the irrigation pipe 62 is not concealed by the pipe laying groove 60, there is no possibility that the irrigation pipe 62 will be damaged even if a person walks on the upper surface 50a of the roof greening laying plate 50.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3D, the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has corner cutout portions 50e in which the corners of the four corners of the upper surface 50a are cut out.
The corner notch 50e is installed in the installation space in which the fixing bracket 64 for fixing the four corners of the upper surface 50a is aligned with the adjacent or opposite corner notch 50e when the roof greening laying plates 50 are laid out. T (see FIGS. 4A and 4D) is formed.

The fixing metal 64 includes a bonding surface 64a bonded to the concrete floor surface A or the root-prevention sheet B, a rod-shaped column 64b fixed vertically to the bonding surface 64a, and a horizontal and flat surface installed at the upper end of the column 64b. It is preferable to include a holding metal fitting 64c. That is, when laying the rooftop greening laying plate 50, the adhesive surface 64a to which the support 64b is attached is adhered to the root-proof sheet B or the concrete floor surface A, and then laid for rooftop greening with the perlite D as necessary. It is preferable to install the roof greening laying plate 50 after adjusting the height of the plate 50 and then fix the holding metal fitting 64c through the column 64b.
In addition, it is preferable to fix the bonding surface 64a, the holding metal fitting 64c, and the column 64b with a nut.

Moreover, it is preferable that the fixing bracket 64 presses two corners on a diagonal line among the four corners of the upper surface 50a. By arranging the fixing brackets 64 in a staggered manner in this way, the roof greening laying plate 50 can be pressed efficiently, effectively and economically with the minimum fixing brackets 64.
Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4D, the fixing bracket 64 holds the irrigation pipe 62 so that it does not jump out to the upper surface 50 a of the roof greening laying plate 50.

  Thus, the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has the corner cutouts 50e at the four corners of the upper surface 50a to form the installation space T. Therefore, the four corners of the roof greening laying plate 50 and the fixing metal fittings are formed. 64 does not interfere. Moreover, even if the fixing metal fittings 64 are installed at the four corners of the rooftop greening laying plate 50, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 can be disposed in contact with the side surfaces, and there is no waste. Further, there is no possibility that the irrigation pipe 62 is sandwiched between the roof greening laying plate 50 and the roof greening laying plate 50.

The reinforcing means 56 of the present invention reinforces the coupling between the granular material 52 and the binder 54 in the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54. Further, the reinforcing means 56 of the first embodiment of the present invention is a reinforcing bar 56a in which wires are knitted in a lattice shape, and as shown in FIG. 3 (B), between the bottom surface 50g and the bottom surface 50b of the planting recess 50c, It is provided horizontally with the lower surface 50b.
Thus, since the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention includes the reinforcing means 56, the roof greening laying board 50 is manufactured to a thickness suitable for the weight restriction, and the roof greening laying board 50 is placed over the roof greening laying board 50. Even if a person walks on the roof, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 does not break. Moreover, since the roof greening laying plate 50 is structurally strengthened by the reinforcement means 56, the planting recess 50c is provided in the roof greening laying plate 50 while maintaining the strength.

The reinforcing means 56 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is formed by knitting a steel wire having a thickness of 3 mm in a lattice shape of 5 cm × 5 cm. However, the thickness of the wire may be thicker or thinner than this. Also, the size of the grid may be larger or smaller.
The material of the wire may be a metal other than steel.

Next, the roof greening laying plate 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The reinforcing means 56 of the roof greening laying plate 50 according to the second embodiment is a vinylon short fiber 56 b mixed together with a mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54.

The vinylon short fiber 56b is a high-strength water-soluble fiber. The vinylon short fibers 56b used in the present embodiment preferably have a length of 3 to 5 cm.
In addition to the vinylon short fibers 56b, the fibers to be mixed may be carbon fibers, aramid fibers, or polyolefin fibers such as polypropylene / polyethylene.

  The roof greening laying plate 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is fiber reinforced as a whole by the cross-linking effect of the vinylon short fibers 56b by putting the vinylon short fibers 56b (reinforcing means 56) in the mixture 55. Therefore, the strength of the rooftop greening laying plate 50 can be maintained even if the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is manufactured to be thin enough to meet the building standard weight limit. Thereby, even if a person walks on the roof greening laying plate 50 does not break. Moreover, since the vinylon short fiber 56b enters, even if the planting depression 80 is provided, the structure of the roof greening laying plate 50 can be strongly maintained.

  Further, the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 80 of the second embodiment may be a plane parallel to the lower surface 50b of the roof greening laying plate 50, or may be a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface 50b as in the first embodiment. . Further, the bottom surface 50g of the planting depression 80 of the second embodiment may have another shape as long as it does not penetrate the lower surface 50b.

  Other configurations of the roof greening laying plate 50 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Next, the usage method of the laying board 50 for rooftop greening of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a method of using the laying plate 50 for roof greening. (A) is explanatory drawing when the decorative frame 70, the waterproof layer C, and the root-proof sheet B are installed on the concrete floor surface A of the rooftop, and (B) is an explanation when the laying boards 50 for greening the roof are laid out. (C) is explanatory drawing when the fixing metal fitting 64 and the irrigation pipe 62 are installed, (D) is explanatory drawing when planting the seedling pot 72 in the planting hollow 50c.

(1) When using the roof greening laying plate 50, first, the decorative frame 70 is provided on the concrete floor surface A of the roof, and the waterproof layer C and the root-proof sheet B are laid in the decorative frame 70 (FIG. 5). (A), FIG. 4 (D)). The decorative frame 70 is a frame that surrounds the roof greening laying plate 50 that is arranged, and rainwater is drained from the bottom of the decorative frame 70 through the concrete floor surface A.
By having this decorative frame 70, it is possible to prevent the cross wind from blowing up the roof greening laying plate 50.
In FIG. 5A, the waterproof layer C is laid under the root-proof sheet B.

(2) Next, in order to adjust the height of the roof greening laying plate 50, the pearlite D is laid on the root-proof sheet B.
The pearlite D is not necessarily required for plant growth, and the rooftop greening laying plate 50 may be placed directly on the root-proof sheet B.

  In this way, when the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is installed, the seedling pot 72 is planted in the planting recess 50c after the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is placed on the rooftop, and therefore the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is stacked. Can be carried in and work can be made more efficient. Further, since the rooftop greening laying plates 50 can be stacked and transported, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 and the seedling pot 72 can be efficiently transported to the site.

Next, the manufacturing method of the laying board 50 for roof greening of this invention is demonstrated.
The rooftop greening laying plate 50 according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention is fitted into the lower surface molds 66 and 84, which are rectangular box-shaped molds, and the lower surface molds 66 and 84, which are rectangular molds. The upper surface molds 68 and 86, which are lid-shaped flat plates, are used. The upper surface molds 68 and 86 include recess formation protrusions 68a and 82 for forming the planting recess 50c below (on the lower surface 50b side). The recess formation protrusions 68a and 82 are protrusions that protrude toward the lower surface molds 66 and 84 (downward) in the shape of the planting recess 50c.
In the following description, the lower surface mold 66, the upper surface mold 68, and the depression forming protrusion 68a are the molds used in the first embodiment, and the lower surface mold 84, the upper surface mold 86, and the depression forming protrusion 82 are the second embodiment. Is the type used for.

First, the manufacturing method of the laying board 50 for roof greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the method for manufacturing the roof-greening laying plate 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a cross-sectional view when the mixture 55 is put into the lower surface mold 66, (B) is a cross-sectional view when the reinforcing means 56 (reinforcing bar 56a) is laid, and (C) is a state immediately before pressing the upper surface mold 68. Sectional view (D) is a sectional view when the upper surface mold 68 is pressed against the lower surface mold 66.
Moreover, FIG. 7 is a comparison explanatory drawing about the shape of the planting hollow 50c of the laying board 50 for rooftop greening of 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing before pressing the hollow formation protrusion 68a of this invention against the mixture 55, (B) is sectional drawing when the depression formation protrusion 68a of this invention is pressed against the mixture 55. FIG. (C) is a cross-sectional view before pressing the truncated cone-shaped depression forming protrusion 82 against the mixture 55, and (D) is a sectional view when the truncated cone-shaped depression forming protrusion 82 is pressed against the mixture 55. .

(1) First, the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54 is put into the lower surface mold 66 having a flat bottom surface.
When the mixture 55 is put into the lower surface mold 66, a part of the mixture 55 is first put into the lower surface mold 66 as shown in FIG. 6 (A), and then the granular material 52, the binder 54, and the like as shown in FIG. 6 (B). The reinforcing means 56 (reinforcing bar 56a) that reinforces the bonding of the steel sheet is laid on a part of the mixture 55, and then the remaining mixture 55 is put on the reinforcing means 56 (reinforcing bar 56a) as shown in FIG. preferable.

(2) Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6D, the upper surface mold 68 is pressed from above the mixture 55 in the lower surface mold 66 to solidify the binder 54.

For example, the shape of the spherical planting depression 50c when the reinforcing bar 56a is used as the reinforcing means 56 is compared with the shape of the truncated cone-shaped planting depression 80.
When the laying plate 81 of the truncated conical planting depression 80 having a flat bottom surface 50g is manufactured using the reinforcing bar 56a as the reinforcing means 56, the truncated cone-shaped depression forming projection 82 is formed on the lower surface mold 84 side. The protruding upper surface mold 86 is used. At this time, since the lattice-like reinforcing bars 56a restrain the movement of the granular material 52 below, the granular material 52 is difficult to move sideways. Therefore, when the upper surface mold 86 is pressed from above the mixture 55 in the lower surface mold 84, the granular material 52 is pushed downward by the bottom surface 82a of the truncated cone-shaped projection 82 as shown in FIG. 7C. It is.

Therefore, the completed laying plate 81 is a laying plate having a small number of upper granular materials 52 and a large number of lower granular materials 52 as shown in FIG. That is, the inner side surface above the planting depression 80 is a wall surface formed mainly by the binder 54. Thereby, the inner side surface above the planting depression 80 is in a state where there is almost no particulate matter 52 and no gap 51, and it is difficult for the roots to extend from the side surface into the laying plate 81.
Moreover, since only the granular material 52 gathers in the bottom face 50g of the planting hollow 80, adhesion | attachment of the granular materials 52 becomes weak. Moreover, since the granular material 52 and the space | gap 51 become a structure only in the bottom face 50g, most plant roots will extend from the bottom face 50g. For this reason, the roots of the plant hardly protrude into the laying plate 81 and protrude to the bottom surface 50g, so that the independence of the plant becomes unstable.

On the other hand, since the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 50c of the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention is a spherical surface (that is, the recess forming protrusion 68a of the upper surface mold 68 is a spherical protrusion), the top surface of the mixture 55 in the lower surface mold 66 is viewed from above. When the mold 68 is pressed, the granular material 52 spreads uniformly in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. Therefore, the granular material 52 and the space | gap 51 can be uniformly taken out to the whole inner wall surface 50f of the planting hollow 50c.
Thereby, since a plant can extend a root from the whole inner wall surface 50f of the planting depression 50c and can extend a root in the laying board 50 for rooftop greening, the plant can be stably made independent.

  In addition, the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 50c of the roof greening laying plate 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a spherical surface, and the upper surface die 68 having the spherical recess formation protrusion 68a is used. The resistance generated when the upper surface die 68 is pressed against the upper surface 50a of the mixture 55 is smaller than when the upper surface die 86 having the forming protrusions 82 is used.

Further, in order to sufficiently stretch the roots of the plant, it is better that the surface area of the planting depression 50c is large, and in order to make the plant self-sustained, it is better to plant the plant as deeply as possible.
Since the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 50c is a spherical surface, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 of the first embodiment of the present invention has an inner wall surface having a larger area than the truncated cone-shaped planting recess 80 having the same internal capacity. 50f. Therefore, the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention can stretch the roots of the plant more sufficiently than the laying board 81 having the truncated cone-shaped planting recess 80.

  In the case of the laying plate 81 of the truncated cone-shaped planting depression 80, in order to plant the plant deeply, the distance from the bottom surface 50g of the planting depression 80 to the lower surface of the laying plate 81 is shortened as shown in FIG. Then, there is a possibility that a hole penetrating the lower surface is partially opened or the reinforcing means 56 is visible. However, since the bottom surface 50g of the planting depression 50c is a spherical surface, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a short distance from the center of the bottom surface 50g to the lower surface 50b of the rooftop greening laying plate 50. The distance from the bottom surface 50g other than the center to the lower surface 50b can be kept thick. Therefore, there is no worry that a hole penetrating the lower surface 50b is opened or the reinforcing bar 56a (reinforcing means 56) is visible. Thereby, the laying plate 50 for roof greening of uniform quality can be manufactured stably, and there is no waste.

Next, the manufacturing method of the laying board 50 for rooftop greening of 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the method for manufacturing the roof greening laying plate 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a cross-sectional view when the mixture 55 a is put into the lower surface mold 84, and (B) is a cross-sectional view when the upper surface mold 86 is pressed against the lower surface mold 84. (C) is a sectional view before pressing the truncated cone-shaped depression forming protrusion 82 against the mixture 55a, (D) is a sectional view when the truncated cone-shaped depression forming protrusion 82 is pressed against the mixture 55a, and (E). These are BB sectional drawing of FIG. 3 (A) of 2nd Embodiment.

  The recess forming protrusion 82 of the upper surface mold 86 of the second embodiment is a frustoconical protrusion protruding toward the lower surface mold 84 side.

(1) First, the reinforcing means 56 (vinylon short fiber 56b) is mixed together with the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54 to create a mixture 55a.
(2) Next, as shown in FIG. 8A, a mixture 55a of the granular material 52, the binder 54, and the reinforcing means 56 (the vinylon short fibers 56b) is put into the lower surface mold 84 having a flat bottom surface.

(3) After that, as shown in FIG. 8B, the upper surface mold 86 is pressed from above the mixture 55a in the lower surface mold 84 to solidify the binder 54.

  In the laying board 50 for roof greening according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the reinforcing means 56 is the vinylon short fiber 56b, the movement of the granular material 52 is not restricted by the reinforcing means 56. Therefore, even if the shape of the planting depression 80 is a truncated cone, the granular material 52 can move laterally from the bottom surface 82a of the depression forming protrusion 82 as shown in FIGS.

Therefore, by using the vinylon short fibers 56b as the reinforcing means 56, in the case of the second embodiment, the particulate matter 52 and the voids 51 can be uniformly provided on the entire inner wall surface 50f of the planting recess 50c.
Thereby, since a plant can extend a root from the whole inner wall surface 50f of the planting depression 50c and can extend a root in the laying board 50 for rooftop greening, the plant can be stably made independent.

Thus, the roof greening laying plate 50 of the second embodiment can make the shape of the planting depression 80 into a truncated cone by using the vinylon short fibers 56b as the reinforcing means 56.
In addition, the spherical shape may be sufficient as the shape of the planting hollow 80 of 2nd Embodiment similarly to 1st Embodiment.

Next, the experimental results using the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a test result of a resistance test in a strong alkali, and FIG. 10 is a photograph showing a test result of a water uptake test.
(Vegetation test)
From the beginning of July 2011 to the end of October 2012, the inventors of the present invention conducted a vegetation test and a roof greening laying board performance test using the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention. The results of the vegetation test were as follows.

(Advantages of growth by planting)
The growth status of 7 types of succulent plants, 4 types of sedum, pine bee, evergreen giraffe and deciduous giraffe was observed.
As a result, 6 kinds of planting grew through the summer and winter without maintenance. Among them, we were able to confirm honeybees and evergreen giraffes as a robust planting.

(Necessity test of auxiliary water retention layer 18)
The growth of plants was compared with or without the auxiliary water retention layer 18.
As a result, it was confirmed that plants could be grown without the auxiliary water retention layer 18.

(Resistance test in strong alkali)
Since the roof greening laying board 50 is strongly alkaline with a pH of 12, the growth conditions of the plants were compared between strong alkaline (pH 12) and weak alkaline (pH 8). The roof greening laying plate 50 in front of the photograph in FIG. 9 is strongly alkaline, and the back roof greening laying plate 50 is weakly alkaline.
As a result, as shown in the photograph of FIG. 9, the growth on the strongly alkaline rooftop greening laying board 50 was almost the same as the growth on the weakly alkaline board.

(Tolerance test without irrigation)
In order to verify whether maintenance-free can be realized or not, we reproduced and observed the non-irrigation situation in summer 4 weeks.
As a result, the succulents survived even in the non-irrigation situation in summer. Planting shrank and reduced but did not die.

The results of the rooftop greening laying board performance test were as follows.
(Freeze-thaw test)
A change in the temperature of 10 ° C. to −10 ° C. was repeated 100 cycles, and the change in the performance of the roof greening laying plate 50 was observed.
As a result, no change was observed in the roof greening laying plate 50.

(Fixing bracket adhesive strength test)
The design wind load was set to 4300 Pa, and the adhesive strength test of the fixture 64 was performed according to JIS.
As a result, the adhesive strength between the fixing bracket 64 and the root prevention sheet B was about 20 kN per one fixing bracket 64. This result was about 9 times the design wind load of 2.2 kN / piece, and it was confirmed that there was no problem.

(Water uptake test)
Germination observation with a water basin was performed with a 10 cm cube type planter 90 made of the same material as the roof greening laying plate 50. In this experiment, seeds were planted in dry soil placed in a dry 10 cm cube type planter 90, and a saucer 92 containing the planter 90 was filled with water (FIG. 10).
As a result, as shown in the photograph of FIG. 10, the gravity water on the lower surface of the planter 90 was sucked up and the seeds germinated.

This confirmed the movement of capillary water to planting. From this experimental result, it was confirmed that the material of the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention has good water permeability.
Thus, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 of the present invention permeates and absorbs the water on the lower surface 50b and provides it to the plant in the planting recess 50c, so that it is maintenance-free without using the irrigation pipe 62. It was confirmed that plants could be grown in Moreover, when using the irrigation pipe 62 by this experiment, it was confirmed that it was possible to irrigate a plurality of roof greening laying plates 50 with one irrigation pipe 62 and to shorten the irrigation pipe 62.

(Water retention test)
The amount of water retained when wet from the dry state was measured.
As a result, it was confirmed that the water retention amount of the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention was about 12 L / m 2.

  According to the above-described roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention, the roof greening laying plate 50 is manufactured by solidifying the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54, so that the granular materials 52 are bonded to each other. 54 is adhered. Therefore, the granular material 52 is not blown by the wind.

  Further, since the roof greening laying plate 50 is a mixture 55 obtained by solidifying the mixture 55 of the granular material 52 and the binder 54, the water permeation and absorption is good, and the water on the lower surface 50b that has flowed to the concrete floor surface A is removed. Can penetrate and absorb. Therefore, the irrigation pipe 62 can be shortened and it is economical. Therefore, the drain plate 23 is unnecessary and economical, and the operation without using the irrigation pipe 62 is also possible, and maintenance-free operation can be achieved by removing weeding and fertilization.

Furthermore, the roof greening laying plate 50 has a structure in which the gap 51 between the granular material 52 and the granular material 52 and the granular material 52 are combined. This allows the plant to extend its roots into the gap 51. That is, the structure combining the gap 51 and the granular material 52 of the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention reproduces a high-quality soil structure.
Moreover, since the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention forms the gaps 51 of various sizes by the granular materials 52 of various sizes, the water permeability function, the ventilation function, and the water retention function as well as good quality soil. In a well-balanced manner and can prevent plant root rot.

  Furthermore, since the roof greening laying plate 50 of the present invention has the reinforcing means 56, the strength of the roof greening laying plate 50 can be increased even if the roof greening laying plate 50 is manufactured to be thin enough to meet the building standard weight limit. Can keep. Therefore, even if a person walks on the rooftop greening laying plate 50 does not break. Further, since the reinforcing means 56 is inserted, the structure of the roof greening laying plate 50 can be strongly maintained even if the planting recess 50c is provided.

  Moreover, since the laying board 50 for rooftop greening of this invention has the planting hollow 50c, the soil and nutrient and the root part of the commercially available seedling pot 72 are put into the planting hollow 50c, and the root of the seedling pot 72 is laid for rooftop greening. The plate 50 can be stretched. Thereby, the rooftop can be easily greened by simply putting the soil, nutrients, and roots of the seedling pot 72 into the planting recess 50c of the rooftop greening laying board 50 arranged on the rooftop.

  In addition, greening can reflect infrared rays of sunlight on the leaves of the plant, and at the same time, the plant is kept cold due to the transpiration from the back of the leaves, no radiant heat is generated, and the rooftop greening laying board 50 is kept in the shade with the leaves. Therefore, further cooling effect of the building can be expected. Similarly, because the roof can be easily greened, the heat island phenomenon is reduced, the function of the mini dam by the water retention of both the roof greening laying board 50 and the plant, and the roof greening laying board 50 and the plant planted on it. The temperature of the surrounding environment can be expected to decrease due to transpiration and evaporation.

  Furthermore, the laying board 50 for rooftop greening according to the present invention has a planting depression 50c, so that a commercially available seedling pot 72 grown on a general farm can be used. In addition, since the planting depression 50c is provided, the plant can be fed with nutrients, and the roots can be cultivated sufficiently to extend into the rooftop greening laying board 50.

  In addition, when the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is installed, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is placed on the roof and then the seedling pot 72 is planted in the planting recess 50c. Therefore, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 is stacked. It can be carried in and work can be made more efficient. Further, since the rooftop greening laying plates 50 can be stacked and transported, the rooftop greening laying plate 50 and the seedling pot 72 can be efficiently transported to the site.

  In addition, since the bottom surface 50g of the planting recess 50c of the present invention does not penetrate the lower surface 50b, the roots of the plant can be stretched in the rooftop greening laying plate 50, and the water retention / retention is performed under the rooftop greening laying plate 50. There is no need to provide a drainage layer 5 or the like. As a result, there is no need to lay the water retention / drainage layer 5 and the like, the work for laying the rooftop greening laying plate 50 can be made more efficient, the work time is reduced, the burden on the operator is reduced, and the rooftop greening Reduction of the laying cost of the laying plate 50 can be realized.

  Further, since the bottom surface 50g of the planting depression 50c does not penetrate the lower surface 50b, most of the roots of the plant extend into the roof greening laying plate 50. Therefore, when it is necessary to perform waterproof maintenance work on the concrete floor surface A of the roof after the greening work, the greening can be withdrawn without damaging the roots of the plant by removing the laying plate 50 for the greening of the roof. The rooftop can be returned to the green state again by simply placing the laying plate 50 again.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Moreover, although the roof greening laying board 50 of the present invention has been described as an example for use on the rooftop, the rooftop greening laying board 50 may be used at a place other than the rooftop.

1,10,20,30 Laying board for greening,
2,12 Foamed resin molded body,
3 porous solids, 4,14 holes,
4a large-diameter borehole, 4b through-hole,
5 Water retention and drainage layer,
13 porous granular material, 15 active layer,
17 rim enclosure material, 18 water retention layer,
21 water retention part, 22 drainage part,
23 drain plate, 24 nursery bread,
24a protrusion,
27 irrigation pipes, 28 land,
30 Greening laying board,
31 Water retention panel,
32 air layers, 33 substrate layers,
50 Laying board for rooftop greening,
50a upper surface, 50b lower surface,
50c planting depression, 50d side notch,
50e square notch, 50f inner wall,
50g bottom,
51 voids, 52 granules,
54 binder,
55 mixture, 55a mixture,
56 reinforcing means,
56a rebar, 56b vinylon short fiber,
58 end edge, 60 pipe laying groove,
62 irrigation pipe, 64 fixing bracket,
64a adhesive surface, 64b strut,
64c retaining bracket,
66,84 bottom surface type, 68,86 top surface type,
68a dent forming protrusion,
70 makeup frames, 72 seedling pots,
80 planting wells, 81 laying boards,
82 dent forming protrusion, 82a bottom surface of dent forming protrusion,
90 planters, 92 saucers,
A concrete floor,
B Root prevention sheet, C Waterproof layer,
D perlite, T Installation space

Claims (9)

A lightweight porous concrete granule having a large number of pores and absorbing water appropriately in the pores;
A binder for adhering the particulates to each other by providing a gap having a moderate drainage between the plurality of particulates;
Reinforcing means for reinforcing the bond between the granular material and the binder in the mixture of the granular material and the binder,
The granular material and the binder are consolidated into a flat plate shape having a rectangular upper surface and lower surface,
Furthermore, it has a planting recess that opens on the upper surface and can plant a plant inside,
Planting栽窪optic lobe, have a bottom not penetrating to the lower surface,
The side edge notches of the four sides of the upper surface have side cutout portions cut out in an L shape or a J shape,
The side cut-out portion forms a pipe laying groove through which the irrigation pipe that drains water from the small hole formed in the wall surface is joined with the adjacent side cut-out portion when the side faces come into contact with the adjacent side surfaces. , A rooftop greening laying board characterized by that. The reinforcing means is a short vinylon fiber mixed with the mixture,
The laying board for rooftop greening according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of the planting depression is a plane parallel to the lower surface. The reinforcing means is a short vinylon fiber mixed with the mixture,
The laying board for rooftop greening according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of the planting depression is a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface. Reinforcing means is a reinforcing bar knitted wire in a grid, provided between the bottom surface and the lower surface and horizontally with the lower surface,
The laying board for rooftop greening according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of the planting depression is a spherical surface that does not penetrate the lower surface. Having a corner cutout part in which the corners of the four corners of the upper surface are cut out;
The corner cutout portion is combined with a corner cutout portion at an adjacent or opposite position to form an installation space for installing a fixing bracket for fixing four corners of the upper surface. The laying board for roof tree planting as described in any one of the above. Lightweight porous concrete is a waste material of ALC building materials,
The laying board for rooftop greening according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the granular material is a particle formed by pulverizing a waste material of ALC building material.   The roof greening laying plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the binder is an inorganic adhesive or an organic adhesive. It is a manufacturing method of the laying board for roof tree planting of Claim 1,
Put the mixture of granular material and binder in the bottom mold with a flat bottom,
Next, the manufacturing method of the laying board for rooftop greening characterized by pressing an upper surface type | mold provided with the hollow formation protrusion protruded below in the shape of the said planting hollow from the top of the mixture in a lower surface type | mold, and solidifying a binder. When putting the mixture into the bottom mold,
First, put a part of the mixture into the bottom mold,
Next, the reinforcing means, which is a reinforcing bar made of braided wires that reinforce the bonding between the granular material and the binder, is laid on the part of the mixture,
Thereafter, the remaining mixture is placed on the reinforcing means, and the method for producing a roofing greening laying board according to claim 8 is characterized.