Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP6168546B2 - Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP6168546B2 - Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution - Google Patents

Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6168546B2
JP6168546B2 JP2012058052A JP2012058052A JP6168546B2 JP 6168546 B2 JP6168546 B2 JP 6168546B2 JP 2012058052 A JP2012058052 A JP 2012058052A JP 2012058052 A JP2012058052 A JP 2012058052A JP 6168546 B2 JP6168546 B2 JP 6168546B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
soil
component
solution
radioactive substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2012058052A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2013190364A (en
Inventor
紀之 熊沢
紀之 熊沢
洋人 手倉森
洋人 手倉森
裕司 稲邉
裕司 稲邉
章 河井
章 河井
敦太 新宅
敦太 新宅
峻 益子
峻 益子
怜 宮本
怜 宮本
弘親 長縄
弘親 長縄
信之 柳瀬
信之 柳瀬
哲志 永野
哲志 永野
久吉 三田村
久吉 三田村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ibaraki University NUC
Original Assignee
Ibaraki University NUC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ibaraki University NUC filed Critical Ibaraki University NUC
Priority to JP2012058052A priority Critical patent/JP6168546B2/en
Publication of JP2013190364A publication Critical patent/JP2013190364A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6168546B2 publication Critical patent/JP6168546B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

本発明は、放射性物質が付着した土壌又は放射線物質を含有する土壌だけを固定化して除去するための放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液及び該固定化溶液を用いた放射線物質除染方法に係わり、特に、原子力発電関連施設及びその周辺に存在する放射線物質含有土壌の除染を実施するものである。   The present invention relates to a radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution for immobilizing and removing only soil containing radioactive substance or soil containing radioactive substance, and a radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution, In particular, it will decontaminate radioactive material-containing soils in and around nuclear power generation facilities.

従来から、廃棄物のひとつとして保管又は貯蔵される汚染土壌に対しては、有害物質の飛散や流出を防止したり、悪臭や有害ガスの拡散を抑制するために、被覆層を形成する方法が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1〜4を参照)。前記特許文献1〜3に記載の被覆層は、水溶性又は水分散性の高分子、クレー又は石膏、及び水を含有する組成物から構成されるものである。また、前記特許文献4には、水性エマルジョン樹脂と、木粉等の水に不溶の粒状物とを含む代替覆土材料が開示されている。   Conventionally, for contaminated soil stored or stored as one of the wastes, there has been a method of forming a coating layer to prevent the scattering and outflow of harmful substances, or to suppress the spread of odors and harmful gases. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4). The coating layers described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are composed of a composition containing a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, clay or gypsum, and water. Patent Document 4 discloses an alternative soil covering material containing an aqueous emulsion resin and water-insoluble particulate matter such as wood flour.

汚染土壌としては、重金属、揮発性有機化合物又は農薬等の汚染物質により汚染されるものだけではなく、原子力発電関連施設内及び何らかの原因で原子力発電関連施設から外部へ漏れたり飛散したりする放射性物質の付着によって汚染される土壌も含まれる。放射性物質の主成分はセシウムであるが、セシウムは土壌の粘土に吸着される性質があるため土中への浸透は粘土によって抑制されており、汚染直後から6ヶ月以上経過してもセシウム汚染は土壌表面の数センチ以内に局在している。そのため、土壌がセシウム等の放射性物質によって汚染される場合は、人体に対して甚大な悪影響を与えることが予想される。   Contaminated soil includes not only those contaminated by heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, or agricultural chemicals, but also radioactive materials that leak or scatter outside of nuclear power facilities and for some reason. It also includes soil contaminated by the adhesion of The main component of the radioactive material is cesium, but since cesium is adsorbed by clay in the soil, penetration into the soil is suppressed by the clay, and cesium contamination does not occur even if more than 6 months have passed immediately after the contamination. Localized within a few centimeters of soil surface. Therefore, when soil is contaminated with radioactive substances such as cesium, it is expected to have a significant adverse effect on the human body.

このような最悪の場合に備えて、土壌表面及びその近くに局在する放射性物質の量を人体に影響が出ないレベルまで低減できるように、迅速、且つ効率的で効果的な放射性物質含有土壌の除染方法が従来から求められている。除染方法としては表面土壌を剥離して除染することが有効であるとされており、従来から、(I)大型機械を用いて表面を削る方法、(II)高圧洗浄機を用いて水洗する方法、(III)ポリイオンコンプレックスを用いて土壌を固化して除染する方法、(IV)酸化マグネシウム系土壌固化剤を用いて土壌を固化し除染する方法、等が知られている。   In preparation for such a worst case, the radioactive material-containing soil is quick, efficient and effective so that the amount of radioactive material localized at and near the soil surface can be reduced to a level that does not affect the human body. A decontamination method has been conventionally demanded. It is said that it is effective to decontaminate the surface soil as a decontamination method. Conventionally, (I) a method of shaving the surface using a large machine, (II) water washing using a high pressure washer And (III) a method of solidifying and decontaminating soil using a polyion complex, and (IV) a method of solidifying and decontaminating soil using a magnesium oxide-based soil solidifying agent.

また、上記の除染方法によって捕集された放射性廃棄物は、厳重に梱包された後、廃棄物処理施設に隔離して長期間にわたって保管、保存する方法が一般的にとられている。例えば、特許文献5及び6には、放射性廃棄物を固化したものを金属製の容器に鋳込んで地層内に埋め込む放射性廃棄物地層処分において、ベントナイト等の粘土質材料によってバリアを構築する方法が開示されている。   In general, the radioactive waste collected by the above decontamination method is strictly packaged and then isolated and stored in a waste treatment facility for a long period of time. For example, in Patent Documents 5 and 6, there is a method for constructing a barrier with a clay material such as bentonite in a radioactive waste geological disposal in which a solidified radioactive waste is cast into a metal container and embedded in the geological formation. It is disclosed.

特開平4−500697号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-5000697 特開2003−117515号公報JP 2003-117515 A 特開2005−28319号公報JP-A-2005-28319 特開2002−186928号公報JP 2002-186828 A 特開2007−51506号公報JP 2007-51506 A 特開2006−313074号公報JP 2006-313074 A

上記特許文献1〜4に記載の発明は、被覆層としての使用が記載又は示唆されているだけで、放射性物質含有土壌の除染方法としての適用は全く認識されていない。特に、放射性物質が付着した土壌の表面に被覆層を塗布して乾燥した後に、該被覆層の剥離によって汚染部分である土壌表面だけを除去するという除染方法には適用することができない。上記特許文献1に記載の被覆層は、水溶性又は水分散性のポリマーの含有量が低く、逆にクレーの含有量が高い組成物から構成されている。そのため、汚染土壌の表面に塗布して乾燥した後に、前記の被覆層を剥離除去することは機械的強度の点から困難であり、効率的で効果的な除染を行うことができない。同様に、上記特許文献2に記載の被覆層についても、放射性物質が付着して汚染した土壌の表面を剥離除去する用途に対しては機械的強度の点から不適である。   The inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are only described or suggested for use as a coating layer, and their application as a decontamination method for radioactive substance-containing soil is not recognized at all. In particular, the method cannot be applied to a decontamination method in which only a soil surface that is a contaminated portion is removed by peeling off the coating layer after the coating layer is applied and dried on the surface of the soil to which the radioactive substance is adhered. The coating layer described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a composition having a low water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer content and conversely a high clay content. Therefore, it is difficult to peel and remove the coating layer after being applied to the surface of the contaminated soil and drying, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength, and efficient and effective decontamination cannot be performed. Similarly, the coating layer described in Patent Document 2 is also unsuitable from the viewpoint of mechanical strength for use in peeling and removing the soil surface contaminated by radioactive substances.

また、上記特許文献3及び4に記載の発明は放射性物質含有土壌の除染方法に係るものではなく、土壌表面に被覆層を形成するための組成が開示されているだけである。これらの被覆層を形成する溶液は、粘度をそれぞれ5000〜20000cps(mPa・s)及び10000〜20000cps(mPa・s)と高めに設定することが記載されており、汚染部分である土壌表面の数センチ以内に十分に浸透させることが難しい。   The inventions described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 do not relate to a method for decontaminating radioactive substance-containing soil, but only a composition for forming a coating layer on the soil surface is disclosed. It is described that the solutions for forming these coating layers are set to high viscosity of 5000 to 20000 cps (mPa · s) and 10,000 to 20000 cps (mPa · s), respectively, and the number of soil surfaces that are contaminated parts. Difficult to penetrate well within centimeters.

さらに、上記特許文献1〜4に記載の被覆層を構成する組成物及は、セシウム等の放射性物質に対して何ら選択的吸着性を有しない成分である石膏、紙又は木粉等を含む構成であり、放射性物質除染のために汚染土壌の固定化溶液として適用できるものなのか否かが不明である。   Further, the composition constituting the coating layer described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 includes gypsum, paper, wood powder, or the like, which is a component that does not have any selective adsorptivity to radioactive substances such as cesium. Therefore, it is unclear whether it can be applied as a fixed solution for contaminated soil for radioactive material decontamination.

一方、従来の放射性物質含有土壌の除染方法として挙げた上記の(I)の方法は、機械が大型であり、通常の住宅の犬走り等の幅の狭い区域で除染を行うことが難しく、機械の重量が大きいため不安定な地盤上に存在する土壌の除染は不可能である。加えて、粉塵による二次汚染を抑制するための新たな措置が必要となる。上記の(II)の方法では、洗浄に使用される水が汚染を拡大することが懸念されるだけでなく、除染個所が土壌の最表面に限定されるため十分な除染効果が得られない。上記の(III)の方法は、ポリイオンコンプレックスが土壌を固化する機能だけではなく、土壌の乾燥による飛散を防ぐために保湿機能を有しているため、この保湿機能によって乾燥の際に高温又は長時間が必要となり、土壌を固定後直ちに除染作業を行う際に大きな障害となっている。例えば、除染地域における実証試験において、塗布後1週間を経て剥離試験を行う場合もある。このように、ポリイオンコンプレックスを用いた土壌剥離には、天候と気温にも左右されるが、4〜7日の乾燥期間が必要とされている。また、上記の(IV)の方法は、土壌の固化が土壌表面層に限られるため、土壌の表面から数センチの深さまで存在する放射性物質の除染に適した方法とは言えない。さらに、上記の(III)及び(IV)の方法では、原子力発電施設周辺の汚染源となるセシウム等の放射性物質を選択的に捕捉して回収することが考慮されておらず、除染後の処理方法によっては汚染が拡大する可能性も残されている。   On the other hand, the method (I) mentioned above as a conventional method for decontamination of radioactive material-containing soil has a large machine and is difficult to decontaminate in a narrow area such as a normal dog run. Because of the heavy weight of the machine, it is impossible to decontaminate the soil present on unstable ground. In addition, new measures are needed to reduce secondary contamination from dust. In the above method (II), not only is the water used for washing a concern about expanding the contamination, but also a sufficient decontamination effect is obtained because the decontamination site is limited to the outermost surface of the soil. Absent. The above method (III) has not only a function of solidifying the soil by the polyion complex, but also a moisturizing function to prevent scattering due to drying of the soil. This is a major obstacle when performing decontamination work immediately after fixing the soil. For example, in a demonstration test in a decontamination area, a peeling test may be performed one week after application. As described above, the soil removal using the polyion complex requires a drying period of 4 to 7 days, although it depends on the weather and the temperature. In addition, the above method (IV) cannot be said to be a method suitable for decontamination of radioactive substances existing from the soil surface to a depth of several centimeters because the solidification of the soil is limited to the soil surface layer. Furthermore, in the above methods (III) and (IV), it is not considered to selectively capture and recover radioactive substances such as cesium that become a pollution source around the nuclear power generation facility. Depending on the method, there is still the possibility of increased contamination.

上記特許文献5及び6に記載の発明は、除染方法によって捕集された放射性廃棄物の保管、保存方法に係るものであり、放射性物質含有土壌そのものの除去又は捕集するための除染方法としての適用は全く認識されていない。さらに、被覆層を形成する溶液を汚染部分である土壌表面及びその近傍に十分に浸透させた後、汚染土壌の表面から数センチ以内の土壌を固定化して除去するために使用する固定化溶液の組成又は構成については何ら記載も示唆もされていない。   The inventions described in Patent Documents 5 and 6 relate to a method for storing and storing radioactive waste collected by a decontamination method, and a decontamination method for removing or collecting radioactive material-containing soil itself. Application as is not recognized at all. Furthermore, after the solution that forms the coating layer is sufficiently infiltrated into and around the soil surface, which is the contaminated part, an immobilization solution used to immobilize and remove soil within a few centimeters from the surface of the contaminated soil. There is no description or suggestion of composition or composition.

本発明は、係る問題を解決するためになされたものであり、放射性物質が付着して汚染された土壌表面及び該表面から数センチまでの土壌だけを固定化して除去することによって、該放射性物質の量を人体に影響が出ないレベルまで、迅速、且つ効率的で効果的に低減するために利用できる放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液及び該固定化溶液を用いた放射性物質除染方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and by immobilizing and removing only the soil surface contaminated with the radioactive material and the soil up to several centimeters from the surface, the radioactive material is removed. A radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution that can be used to quickly, efficiently and effectively reduce the amount of the material to a level that does not affect the human body, and a radioactive material decontamination method using the immobilization solution The purpose is to do.

本発明者は、放射性物質の付着によって汚染された放射線含有土壌の表面及び該表面から数センチ以内の土壌だけを容易に、且つ確実に固定化して剥離除去できるように、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を形成することに着目するとともに、前記高分子を含有する固定化溶液の構成と組成を最適化することによって上記の課題を解決できることを見出して本発明に到った。   The present inventor was fixed with a polymer so that only the surface of radiation-containing soil contaminated by adhesion of radioactive material and soil within a few centimeters from the surface could be easily and reliably fixed and removed. While paying attention to forming a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by optimizing the configuration and composition of the immobilization solution containing the polymer.

すなわち、本発明の構成は以下の通りである。
(1)本発明は、(a)ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ酢酸ビニル及びエチレンービニルアルコール共重合体から選ばれる少なくともいずれか1種の水溶性又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を含有し、前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子を前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に溶解又は分散したときの溶液の粘度が、4〜30℃において1.6〜600mPa・sになるように調整し、且つ、前記の(a)水溶液又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分の含有量が3〜30質量%であることを特徴とする放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
(2)本発明は、前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子を前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に溶解又は分散したときの溶液の粘度が、4〜30℃において2.5〜50mPa・sになるように調整したことを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子は、ポリ酢酸ビニル又はポリ酢酸ビニルを主成分として含有する高分子であることを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に、さらに(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することを特徴とする前記(1)〜()の何れかに記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤がベントナイトであることを特徴とする前記()に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子、(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体、及び(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分及び(c)成分の含有量はそれぞれ3〜30質量%及び0.01〜5質量%であり、残余は前記の(b)成分で構成されており、且つ、前記の(c)成分は前記の(a)成分よりも少ない含有量で配合されることを特徴とする前記()又は()に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の(a)、(b)及び(c)の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分及び(c)成分の含有量はそれぞれ5〜21質量%及び0.1〜2質量%であり、残余は前記の(b)成分で構成されていることを特徴とする前記()に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を提供する。
)本発明は、前記(1)〜()の何れかに記載の固定化溶液を用いて、該固定化溶液を放射性物質含有土壌の表面に塗布又は散布する工程、前記の固定化溶液を乾燥することによって、前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を揮散させて、前記の(a)成分で固定された汚染土壌、若しくは汚染土壌と前記の(c)成分とからなる連続層を形成する工程、及び前記の放射性物質含有土壌の表面から前記の連続層を剥離又は除去する工程、を含む放射性物質除染方法を提供する。
)本発明は、前記の放射性物質を含有する土壌の表面層は、厚さが5〜40mmであることを特徴とする前記()に記載の放射性物質除染方法を提供する。
[発明の効果]
That is, the configuration of the present invention is as follows.
(1) The present invention comprises (a) at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and (b) water as a main component. The viscosity of the solution is 4 to 30 ° C. when the (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is dissolved or dispersed in the (b) water-based aqueous medium. The total amount of the aqueous medium containing (a) the aqueous solution or water-dispersible polymer and (b) water as the main component was adjusted to 100 parts by mass. Sometimes, the radioactive substance containing soil fixed solution characterized by the content of said (a) component being 3-30 mass% is provided.
(2) In the present invention, the viscosity of the solution when the (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is dissolved or dispersed in the aqueous medium (b) containing water as a main component is 4 to 30 ° C. The radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution according to (1) above, which is adjusted to 2.5 to 50 mPa · s.
(3) The present invention, said (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, the which is a polymer containing polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acetate as a main component (1) or ( The radioactive substance containing soil fixed solution as described in 2) is provided.
( 4 ) The present invention further includes (c) an inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent in the (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component. The radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ), which is characterized in that it is provided.
( 5 ) The present invention provides the fixed solution for radioactive substance-containing soil according to ( 4 ) above, wherein (c) the inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent is bentonite.
( 6 ) The present invention relates to the total amount of each component of (a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component, and (c) an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent. The content of the component (a) and the component (c) is 3 to 30% by mass and 0.01 to 5% by mass, respectively, and the remainder is the component (b). The radioactive substance-containing soil according to ( 4 ) or ( 5 ), wherein the component (c) is blended with a content less than that of the component (a). An immobilization solution is provided.
( 7 ) In the present invention, when the total amount of the components (a), (b) and (c) is 100 parts by mass, the contents of the components (a) and (c) are as follows: The radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution according to ( 6 ), wherein the content is 5 to 21% by mass and 0.1 to 2% by mass, respectively, and the remainder is composed of the component (b). I will provide a.
( 8 ) The present invention uses the immobilization solution according to any one of the above (1) to ( 7 ) to apply or disperse the immobilization solution on the surface of the radioactive substance-containing soil, the immobilization By drying the solution, the aqueous medium (b) containing water as a main component is volatilized, and the contaminated soil fixed with the component (a), or the contaminated soil and the component (c) And a step of peeling or removing the continuous layer from the surface of the radioactive substance-containing soil.
( 9 ) The present invention provides the radioactive substance decontamination method according to ( 8 ), wherein the surface layer of the soil containing the radioactive substance has a thickness of 5 to 40 mm.
[Effect of the invention]

本発明の固定化溶液は、放射性物質が付着して汚染された土壌表面に塗布した後、土壌表面から数センチ以内の深さ方向に短時間で確実に浸透するだけでなく、塗布後に乾燥して固化するまでの時間を最短1日程度に削減できる。また、水系媒体に溶解または分散する高分子を含むため、除染処理工程において取扱いが容易となり、且つ、有機溶剤等の使用による環境への負荷を考慮する必要がないため安全性に優れる。加えて、固定化溶液に含まれる高分子、特にポリ酢酸ビニルによって汚染土壌を強固に固定できる連続層が形成される。この連続層は強度と適度の弾性を有するため、前記の連続層の剥離が容易となる。さらに、この連続層は、除染時の放射性物質の飛散を防ぎ、作業者の内部被爆を軽減できるという効果を奏する。それによって、本発明による放射性物質除染方法は、表面及びそれから数センチ以内の汚染土壌のみの剥離を行うことができるようになり、除染作業を迅速、且つ効率的で効果的に進めることができる。   The immobilization solution of the present invention not only penetrates in a depth direction within a few centimeters from the soil surface in a short time after being applied to the soil surface contaminated with radioactive substances, but also dries after application. The time to solidify can be reduced to as short as one day. In addition, since it contains a polymer that dissolves or disperses in an aqueous medium, it is easy to handle in the decontamination treatment process, and it is not necessary to consider the environmental load due to the use of an organic solvent or the like, so that it is excellent in safety. In addition, a continuous layer capable of firmly fixing the contaminated soil with a polymer, particularly polyvinyl acetate, contained in the fixing solution is formed. Since this continuous layer has strength and moderate elasticity, the continuous layer can be easily peeled off. Furthermore, this continuous layer has the effect of preventing the radioactive material from being scattered during decontamination and reducing the internal exposure of the operator. As a result, the radioactive substance decontamination method according to the present invention can peel only the surface and contaminated soil within a few centimeters from it, and the decontamination work can proceed quickly, efficiently and effectively. it can.

本発明では、固定化溶液に、さらにベントナイト等の無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することによって、上記の連続層の形成において該放射性物質吸着剤が乾燥するときに、周辺の水分を吸収する効果(サンクション効果)が起こり、セシウム等の放射性物質の前記吸着剤への吸着が促進される。吸着された放射性物質は前記吸着剤の層間や孔内に固定され、安定的に保持される。そのため、土壌を汚染する放射性物質は、土壌内での移動速度が低下し、確実に、且つ安定的に除染される。その結果、除染時の放射性物質の飛散防止及び作業者の内部被爆の軽減を一層図ることができる。   In the present invention, the immobilization solution further contains an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent such as bentonite, and absorbs surrounding moisture when the radioactive material adsorbent dries in the formation of the continuous layer. An effect (sanction effect) occurs, and the adsorption of a radioactive substance such as cesium to the adsorbent is promoted. The adsorbed radioactive material is fixed and stably held between the adsorbent layers and in the pores. Therefore, radioactive substances that contaminate the soil are reduced in speed in the soil and reliably and stably decontaminated. As a result, it is possible to further prevent the radioactive material from being scattered during decontamination and reduce the internal exposure of the worker.

本発明による固定化溶液を用いた放射性物質除染方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the process of the radioactive substance decontamination method using the fixed solution by this invention.

本発明の固定化溶液は、(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分、及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を含有し、且つ、4〜30℃における粘度が1.6〜600mPa・sの範囲に調整されるものであり、放射性物質が付着して汚染された土壌表面に、吹き付け法、流し込み法又は刷毛塗り法等によって塗布した後、乾燥することによって高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を形成し、該連続層を剥離除去する工程からなる放射性物質含有土壌の除染方法に適用する。 Fixing solution of the present invention contains an aqueous medium mainly containing (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible high content element, and (b) water, and, 1.6 to a viscosity at 4 to 30 ° C. It is adjusted to a range of 600 mPa · s, and is applied to the soil surface contaminated with radioactive material by spraying, pouring or brushing, etc., and then dried and fixed with a polymer. The present invention is applied to a method for decontaminating radioactive material-containing soil comprising a step of forming a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil and peeling and removing the continuous layer.

上記でも述べたように、放射性物質は土壌表面から深さ方向に数センチ以内に局在している。そのため、上記の(a)成分で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は厚さが数センチ以内であれば、放射性物質の除染機能を十分に果たすことができる。本発明では、前記の連続層の厚さとして50mm以下であれば本発明の効果を奏することから、50mmを厚さの具体的な上限値とする。厚さが50mmを超える場合には、固定化溶液の浸透時間が長くなって迅速な除染作業ができなくなる。また、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の形成が困難になって、汚染土壌の固定化が不十分になる場合がある。さらに、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の強度又は弾性が低下する傾向にあるため、剥離時に前記の連続層の破断や亀裂が発生して効率的で効果的な除染ができない。一方、前記の連続層の厚さが数mm以下であると、汚染土壌が完全に除去できなくなり、固定化溶液の塗布又は散布及び乾燥の工程を何度も繰り返す必要が出てくるため好ましくない。前記の連続層の厚さが具体的に4mm未満であると、汚染土壌の剥離残りが出てくるようになる。このように、本発明においては、放射性物質が残存する土壌の深さを考慮しながら、除染作業を迅速、且つ効率的で効果的に行うために、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の形成と剥離を簡便に行う必要があり、前記の連続層の厚さは表面から4mm〜50mmの範囲にする。さらに、汚染土壌のより確実な除染を行うためには前記の連続層の厚さは5mm以上であり、一方、除染作業の一層の迅速化、効率化を図るためには50mmより薄い40mm以下であることが好ましい。   As described above, the radioactive substance is localized within a few centimeters in the depth direction from the soil surface. Therefore, if the continuous layer made of contaminated soil fixed with the component (a) has a thickness of several centimeters or less, it can sufficiently perform the decontamination function of radioactive substances. In the present invention, if the thickness of the continuous layer is 50 mm or less, the effect of the present invention is exhibited, so 50 mm is set as a specific upper limit value of the thickness. When the thickness exceeds 50 mm, the permeation time of the immobilization solution becomes long and a quick decontamination work cannot be performed. In addition, it may be difficult to form a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer, and immobilization of the contaminated soil may be insufficient. Furthermore, since the strength or elasticity of the continuous layer made of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer tends to decrease, the continuous layer breaks or cracks at the time of peeling, and efficient and effective decontamination cannot be performed. . On the other hand, if the thickness of the continuous layer is several mm or less, the contaminated soil cannot be completely removed, and it is not preferable because it is necessary to repeat the steps of applying or spraying the fixing solution and drying many times. . When the thickness of the continuous layer is specifically less than 4 mm, the remaining residue of the contaminated soil comes out. As described above, in the present invention, in order to perform the decontamination work quickly, efficiently and effectively while considering the depth of the soil where the radioactive substance remains, it is composed of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer. It is necessary to easily form and peel the continuous layer, and the thickness of the continuous layer is in the range of 4 mm to 50 mm from the surface. Furthermore, the thickness of the continuous layer is 5 mm or more for more reliable decontamination of contaminated soil, while 40 mm thinner than 50 mm for further speeding up and efficiency of the decontamination work. The following is preferable.

前記の(a)及び(b)の各成分は、本発明の目的を達成するために、次のような機能を発揮する。すなわち、(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子を(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に溶解又は分散する構成は、前記の(a)成分が汚染土壌粒子間の接着剤としての機能を果すことによって、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を形成するとともに、(b)成分によって、固定化溶液の取扱いを容易にし、さらに環境への負荷を小さくするためのものである。そして、(a)及び(b)の各成分を含有する固定化溶液の粘度範囲は、汚染土壌への浸透性の向上、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層の厚さの最適化、及び前記連続層において様々な剥離条件に十分に耐え得る強度と適度の弾性の実現、の条件をすべて満たすように規定される。特に、本発明の固定化溶液は、土壌への浸透性の向上及び前記連続層の厚さの最適化を図るために、上記の特許文献3及び4に記載の被覆層とは全く異なる技術思想に基づいて、粘度を低めに規定することに特徴を有する。   Each component of the above (a) and (b) exhibits the following functions in order to achieve the object of the present invention. That is, the structure in which (a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium (b) containing water as a main component is that the component (a) functions as an adhesive between contaminated soil particles. In order to form a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer, the component (b) facilitates the handling of the immobilized solution and further reduces the burden on the environment. . And the viscosity range of the immobilization solution containing each component of (a) and (b) is to improve the permeability to contaminated soil, optimize the thickness of the continuous layer formed after drying, and The continuous layer is defined so as to satisfy all the conditions of sufficient strength to withstand various peeling conditions and realization of appropriate elasticity. In particular, the immobilization solution of the present invention has a technical idea that is completely different from the coating layers described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 described above in order to improve the permeability to soil and optimize the thickness of the continuous layer. Based on the above, it is characterized in that the viscosity is specified to be low.

本発明において、(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子としては、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリビニルアルコール、セルロース、デンプン、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリル酸とその塩、及び水酸基を含有するポリアクリル酸エステル等の水溶性高分子、又はエチレンー酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレンービニルアルコール共重合体、スチレンーアクリル酸エステル共重合体、酢酸ビニルーアクリル酸エステル共重合体等の水分散性高分子の1種又は2種以上を使用することができる。それらの中で、汚染土壌を強く固定する連続層を形成することができ、加えて、前記連続層として様々な剥離条件に十分に耐え得る強度と適当な弾性を発現できるだけでなく、高い安全性、水媒体による取扱い性の容易さ、長期保管時の環境への負荷の低減、及び低価格等の点から、本発明はポリ酢酸ビニル又はポリ酢酸ビニルを主成分として含有する高分子が好適である。本発明において、ポリ酢酸ビニルを主成分として含有する高分子とは、ポリ酢酸ビニルを50質量%以上、好ましくは70重量%以上を含有する高分子を意味する。   In the present invention, (a) the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer includes polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, starch, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid and salts thereof, and polyacrylic acid containing a hydroxyl group. Water-soluble polymers such as esters, or water-dispersible polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, styrene-acrylic ester copolymers, vinyl acetate-acrylic ester copolymers, etc. 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be used. Among them, a continuous layer that strongly fixes contaminated soil can be formed. In addition, the continuous layer can not only exhibit strength and suitable elasticity enough to withstand various peeling conditions, but also has high safety. In view of ease of handling with an aqueous medium, reduction of environmental burden during long-term storage, and low cost, the present invention is preferably polyvinyl acetate or a polymer containing polyvinyl acetate as a main component. is there. In the present invention, a polymer containing polyvinyl acetate as a main component means a polymer containing 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by weight or more of polyvinyl acetate.

本発明の(a)成分として好適なポリ酢酸ビニルは、分子量が20,000〜300,000であることが好ましい。分子量が20,000未満では前記の汚染土壌の固定が弱くなって上記の連続層の強度低下がみられるようになり、300,000を超えると水への溶解性が低下したり、水溶液の粘度が高くなって土壌固定化溶液としての操作性や施工性が低下する傾向にある。   The polyvinyl acetate suitable as the component (a) of the present invention preferably has a molecular weight of 20,000 to 300,000. When the molecular weight is less than 20,000, the above-mentioned contaminated soil is weakly fixed and the strength of the continuous layer is decreased. When the molecular weight exceeds 300,000, the solubility in water decreases or the viscosity of the aqueous solution is increased. Therefore, the operability and workability as a soil fixing solution tend to decrease.

本発明において使用される(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体は、水が80質量%以上、好ましくは90質量%以上、さらに好ましくは95質量%以上を占める媒体である。本発明の放射性物質除染溶液は、土壌の除染を対象としているため、取扱い性や作業性並びに周辺への環境負荷の低減を考慮すると、水を主成分とする水系媒体を使用する必要がある。水以外には、例えば、水溶性のメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、2プロパノール等のアルコール類、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン等のエーテル類又はアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン類の溶媒を少量配合して使用してもよい。これらの溶媒は、本発明の放射性物質除染溶液に対して粘度を調整したり、必要に応じて上記の(a)以外の成分を溶解させる必要がある場合に使用される。これらの溶媒の中で、人体に対する影響と環境負荷を少なくするためにエチルアルコールが好ましい。   The aqueous medium (b) containing water as a main component used in the present invention is a medium in which water accounts for 80% by mass or more, preferably 90% by mass or more, and more preferably 95% by mass or more. Since the radioactive substance decontamination solution of the present invention is intended for decontamination of soil, it is necessary to use an aqueous medium mainly composed of water in consideration of ease of handling, workability, and reduction of environmental load on the periphery. is there. In addition to water, for example, water-soluble alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and 2-propanol, ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, or ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone are used in a small amount. May be. These solvents are used when it is necessary to adjust the viscosity with respect to the radioactive substance decontamination solution of the present invention or to dissolve components other than the above (a) as necessary. Among these solvents, ethyl alcohol is preferable in order to reduce the influence on the human body and the environmental load.

本発明の固定化溶液は、4〜30℃における粘度が1.6〜600mPa・sの範囲にあることが必要であり、好ましくは2.5〜50mPa・sである。施工作業は通年において4〜30℃の外部環境で行われるものであり、この粘度範囲は塗布や含浸による施工性、及び乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層を剥離する際の作業性のバランスから決められる。粘度が1.6mPa・s未満であると、固定化溶液の塗布と浸透性は優れるものの、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層において高分子の含有量が非常に低いため、結果的に前記の連続層を厚く形成することができない。さらに、前記の連続層は強度の低下が顕著になり、破断や亀裂が発生して剥離が困難になる。また、粘度が600mPa・sを超える場合は、固定化溶液の操作性や施工性が低下するとともに、土壌への浸透性が劣り、結果的に上記の高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を4mm以上、好ましくは5mm以上と厚く形成することができず、汚染土壌の除去が不十分になる。加えて、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層において、接着剤として機能する高分子の含有量が土壌表面に相当する上部では多く、土壌深部に相当する下部では少なくなるという組成の不均一化がおこるために、前記連続層の強度が低下する傾向にある。本発明においては、前記連続層の厚さを5〜40mmの範囲で調整でき、同時に、強度を大幅に向上させて剥離に十分に耐えるようにするため、4〜30℃における粘度は2.5〜50mPa・sの範囲に設定することが好ましい。   The immobilization solution of the present invention needs to have a viscosity at 4 to 30 ° C. in the range of 1.6 to 600 mPa · s, preferably 2.5 to 50 mPa · s. Construction work is performed in an external environment of 4 to 30 ° C. throughout the year, and this viscosity range is based on the balance of workability by coating and impregnation and workability when peeling the continuous layer formed after drying. It is decided. When the viscosity is less than 1.6 mPa · s, the application and permeability of the fixing solution is excellent, but the content of the polymer in the continuous layer formed after drying is very low. A continuous layer cannot be formed thick. Further, the strength of the continuous layer is remarkably reduced, and breakage and cracks are generated, making peeling difficult. In addition, when the viscosity exceeds 600 mPa · s, the operability and workability of the immobilization solution are deteriorated, and the permeability to the soil is inferior. As a result, the continuous solution composed of contaminated soil fixed with the above polymer. The layer cannot be formed as thick as 4 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more, and the removal of contaminated soil becomes insufficient. In addition, in the continuous layer formed after drying, the content of the polymer functioning as an adhesive is large in the upper part corresponding to the soil surface, and is less uniform in the lower part corresponding to the deep part of the soil. In order to occur, the strength of the continuous layer tends to decrease. In the present invention, the thickness of the continuous layer can be adjusted in the range of 5 to 40 mm, and at the same time, the viscosity at 4 to 30 ° C. is 2.5 to greatly improve the strength and sufficiently withstand peeling. It is preferable to set in the range of ˜50 mPa · s.

本発明において、前記の高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は、剥離を迅速、且つ、簡便に行うとともに、剥離後に汚染土壌が残存しないようにするため、前記の連続層は土壌表面からの厚さを4mm〜50mm、好ましくは5〜40mmの範囲に設定するだけではなく、強度と弾性を両立させる必要がある。そのために、本発明の固定化溶液は、粘度だけではなく、汚染土壌粒子間の接着剤として機能する上記の(a)成分の含有量を最適化することが好ましい。本発明では、(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子の含有量は、上記の(a)及び(b)の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、3〜30質量%となる組成物の構成にすることが好ましい。   In the present invention, the continuous layer composed of the contaminated soil fixed with the polymer performs the peeling quickly and easily and prevents the contaminated soil from remaining after the peeling. Is not only set in the range of 4 mm to 50 mm, preferably 5 to 40 mm, but it is necessary to achieve both strength and elasticity. Therefore, it is preferable that the immobilization solution of the present invention optimize not only the viscosity but also the content of the component (a) that functions as an adhesive between contaminated soil particles. In the present invention, (a) the content of the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is 3 to 30% by mass when the total amount of the components (a) and (b) is 100 parts by mass. It is preferable to make the composition of the following composition.

前記の(a)成分の含有量が3質量%未満であると、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層において高分子の含有量が低くなるため、結果的に前記連続層を厚く形成することができない。加えて、前記連続層において接着剤として機能する成分の含有量が不足することから強度の低下が顕著になり、前記連続層の破断や亀裂が発生して剥離が困難になって、効率的な除染を行うことができない。なお、固定化溶液の(a)成分の含有量が3質量%未満であっても、該固定化溶液の塗布及び乾燥を複数回繰り返すことによって前記連続層を厚くすることもできるが、その場合は、除染作業が非常に煩雑になり本発明の目的に合致しない。また、(a)成分の含有量が30質量%を超えると、固定化溶液の粘度が高くなりすぎるため、吹き付けや流し込みの作業性が劣り、操作性や施工性が大幅に低下する。さらに、土壌への浸透性が劣り、結果的に上記の高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を4mm以上、好ましくは5mm以上と厚く形成することができず、汚染土壌の除去が不十分になる。加えて、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層において、上記の高分子の含有量が土壌表面に相当する上部では多く、土壌深部に相当する下部では少なくなるという組成の不均一が生じるために、前記連続層の強度が低下する傾向にある。   When the content of the component (a) is less than 3% by mass, the content of the polymer is low in the continuous layer formed after drying, and as a result, the continuous layer may be formed thick. Can not. In addition, since the content of the component that functions as an adhesive in the continuous layer is insufficient, the decrease in strength becomes remarkable, and the continuous layer breaks and cracks, making it difficult to peel off and efficient. Decontamination cannot be performed. Even if the content of the component (a) in the immobilization solution is less than 3% by mass, the continuous layer can be thickened by repeating the application and drying of the immobilization solution a plurality of times. The decontamination work becomes very complicated and does not meet the object of the present invention. On the other hand, when the content of the component (a) exceeds 30% by mass, the viscosity of the immobilizing solution becomes too high, so that the workability of spraying and pouring is inferior, and the operability and workability are greatly reduced. Furthermore, the soil permeability is poor, and as a result, a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed with the above polymer cannot be formed as thick as 4 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more. It will be enough. In addition, in the continuous layer formed after drying, the content of the polymer is high in the upper part corresponding to the soil surface, and the compositional non-uniformity occurs in the lower part corresponding to the deep part of the soil. The strength of the continuous layer tends to decrease.

本発明の固定化溶液は、さらに、(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することが好ましい。前記の(c)成分は、放射性物質を選択的に吸着して、除染処理中に起きやすい放射性物質の外部への漏れや飛散を抑制するために有効な成分である。   The immobilization solution of the present invention preferably further contains (c) an inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent. The component (c) is an effective component for selectively adsorbing the radioactive substance and suppressing leakage and scattering of the radioactive substance that easily occurs during the decontamination process.

本発明において、(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤としては、放射性物質を吸着する吸着能を有する無機粒子、例えば、ベントナイト、ゼオライト、雲母、バーミキュラライト、スメクタイト等が挙げられる。これらの無機粒子の平均粒径は0.01〜20μmの範囲にあるものが使用できるが、好ましくは1〜2μmである。また、これらの無機粒子の最大粒径は100μm以下、好ましくは50μm以下である。平均粒径が0.01μm未満であると、無機粒子の凝集が起こりやすく、放射性除染溶液の調整や塗布等における作業性の低下が顕著になる。また、20μmを超えると、前記の連続層中に大きな径を有する無機粒子が混在するようになるため、前記の連続層の機械強度が大きく低下して剥離が困難になる。さらに、前記の構造物の表面に存在する細かな溝や段差に付着する放射性物質の除染が確実にできなくなり、除染残りが発生しやすい。同じ理由から、これらの無機粒子の最大粒径は、100μm以下、好ましくは50μm以下である。   In the present invention, (c) the inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent includes inorganic particles having an adsorbing ability to adsorb radioactive substances, such as bentonite, zeolite, mica, vermiculite, smectite, and the like. Although the average particle diameter of these inorganic particles can be in the range of 0.01 to 20 μm, it is preferably 1 to 2 μm. The maximum particle size of these inorganic particles is 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less. When the average particle size is less than 0.01 μm, the aggregation of inorganic particles is likely to occur, and the workability in the adjustment and application of the radioactive decontamination solution becomes remarkable. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 20 μm, inorganic particles having a large diameter are mixed in the continuous layer, so that the mechanical strength of the continuous layer is greatly reduced and peeling becomes difficult. Furthermore, decontamination of radioactive substances adhering to fine grooves and steps existing on the surface of the structure cannot be reliably performed, and a decontamination residue is likely to occur. For the same reason, the maximum particle size of these inorganic particles is 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less.

本発明では、上記の無機粒子の中で、放射性物質吸着剤としての実績、取扱い性及び低コスト等の点からベントナイトが好適である。さらに、ベントナイトは、上記で述べたサンクション効果が他の無機粒子よりも優れるため、特に有用である。ベントナイトは、ベントナイト鉱山で採掘した状態のものから粗粒分を除き、最大粒径を100μm以下、好ましくは50μm以下に調整したものをそのまま使用できるため、安価に入手できる。   In the present invention, among the above-mentioned inorganic particles, bentonite is preferred from the standpoint of achievement as a radioactive substance adsorbent, handling properties, low cost, and the like. Furthermore, bentonite is particularly useful because the above-described sanction effect is superior to other inorganic particles. Bentonite can be obtained at a low cost because it can be used as it is after adjusting the maximum particle size to 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less by removing coarse particles from those mined in the bentonite mine.

上記の(c)成分を含有する本発明の固定化溶液において、上記の(a)及び(c)の各成分の含有量は、上記の(a)、(b)及び(c)の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、それぞれ3〜30質量%及び0.01〜5質量%であり、残余が(b)成分となるような組成物の構成にすることが好ましい。上記の(a)及び(c)の各成分のより好ましい含有量は、それぞれ5〜21質量%及び0.1〜2質量%であり、残余が(b)成分によって占められる。特に、本発明においては、前記の特許文献1及び2に開示されているような被覆層を形成するための組成物とは異なり、前記の(a)成分の含有量が(c)成分よりも高い点に特徴を有する。これは、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を確実に形成し、さらに該連続層の剥離を行う際に亀裂や破断が起こらないような強度と適当な弾性を付与して、汚染土壌中に存在する放射性物質をできるだけ短時間で簡便に、且つ確実に除去するためである。   In the immobilization solution of the present invention containing the component (c), the contents of the components (a) and (c) described above are the components (a), (b) and (c). When the total amount is 100 parts by mass, the composition is preferably 3 to 30% by mass and 0.01 to 5% by mass, respectively, with the remainder being the component (b). More preferable content of each component of said (a) and (c) is 5-21 mass% and 0.1-2 mass%, respectively, and a remainder is occupied by (b) component. In particular, in the present invention, unlike the composition for forming a coating layer as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the content of the component (a) is more than that of the component (c). Characterized by high points. This ensures the formation of a continuous layer consisting of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer, and gives the strength and appropriate elasticity so that cracks and breaks do not occur when the continuous layer is peeled off. This is to remove the radioactive substance present in the soil as easily and reliably as possible in as short a time as possible.

上記の(a)成分の含有量は、上記で述べたように、汚染土壌への浸透性、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層の厚さ、及び前記連続層において様々な剥離条件に十分に耐え得る強度と弾性の保持等の条件から、3〜30質量%とすることが好ましい。さらに、汚染土壌への浸透性を確保した状態で、乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層の厚さを本発明の除染方法の最適な範囲である5〜40mmに調整できるようにするために、(a)成分の含有量は5〜21質量%がより好ましい。   As described above, the content of the component (a) is sufficient for permeability to contaminated soil, the thickness of the continuous layer formed after drying, and various peeling conditions in the continuous layer. It is preferable to set it as 3-30 mass% from conditions, such as the intensity | strength which can be endured and elasticity retention. Furthermore, in order to be able to adjust the thickness of the continuous layer formed after drying to 5 to 40 mm, which is the optimum range of the decontamination method of the present invention, while ensuring permeability to contaminated soil. The content of the component (a) is more preferably 5 to 21% by mass.

上記の(c)成分は、含有量が0.01質量%未満では放射性物質の吸着効果を十分に得ることができず、放射性物質の除染能力に不安が残り、除染処理中及び長期保管中に放射性物質の外部への漏れや飛散を避けることができない。また、放射性物質の吸着効果は(c)成分の含有量が5質量%を超えるとき飽和の傾向を示すだけであり、逆に、除染溶液そのものの粘度の急激な上昇によって吹き付けや流し込みの作業性や施工性の大幅な低下を招く。さらに、(c)成分は無機質であるために、その含有量が多くなるほど放射性物質含有土壌固定化溶液中での偏析が発生しやすくなるため、取扱い性が劣るだけでなく、前記の連続層の強度低下によって剥離時の亀裂や破断が顕著になる。上記で述べたように、本発明においては(c)成分としてベントナイトが好適であるが、ベントナイトは増粘剤や止水材として使用される場合が多い。そのため、ベントナイトを本発明の目的を奏する放射性物質含有土壌固定化溶液として適用する場合、その含有量が多くなると、粘度の急激な上昇がみられ塗布作業性が大幅に低下する。また、ベントナイトによる放射性物質の吸着を確実に行うためには、ある程度のベントナイト量が必要となる。したがって、(c)成分としてベントナイトを適用する場合、その含有量は0.1〜2質量%がより好ましく、さらに0.1〜1質量%が特に好ましい。   If the content of the above component (c) is less than 0.01% by mass, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient effect of adsorbing the radioactive material, and there is concern about the decontamination ability of the radioactive material, and the decontamination process and long-term storage It is impossible to avoid leakage and scattering of radioactive materials inside. In addition, the adsorption effect of the radioactive substance only shows a tendency of saturation when the content of the component (c) exceeds 5% by mass, and conversely, the work of spraying or pouring is performed by the rapid increase in the viscosity of the decontamination solution itself. Cause a significant decrease in workability and workability. Furthermore, since the component (c) is inorganic, the segregation in the radioactive substance-containing soil fixing solution is more likely to occur as the content thereof increases, so that not only the handling property is inferior, Cracks and breaks during peeling become prominent due to the decrease in strength. As described above, bentonite is suitable as the component (c) in the present invention, but bentonite is often used as a thickener or a waterstop material. Therefore, when bentonite is applied as a radioactive substance-containing soil fixing solution that achieves the object of the present invention, when its content increases, the viscosity increases rapidly and the coating workability is greatly reduced. In addition, a certain amount of bentonite is required in order to reliably adsorb radioactive substances by bentonite. Therefore, when bentonite is applied as the component (c), the content is more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1% by mass.

本発明において、上記の(a)、(b)及び(c)の各成分を含有する固定化溶液は、4〜30℃における粘度が、上記の(a)及び(b)の各成分を含有する固定化溶液と同じように、1.6〜600mPa・sの範囲にあることが必要であり、好ましくは2.5〜50mPa・sである。これは、通年において4〜30℃の外部環境で行われる施工作業において、塗布や含浸による施工性、及び乾燥後に形成される前記の連続層を剥離する際の作業性のバランスから決められる。上記の(a)、(b)及び(c)の各成分を含有する固定化溶液においても、施工作業において求められる粘度の範囲は、上記の(a)及び(b)の各成分を含有する固定化溶液の場合と同じである。   In the present invention, the immobilization solution containing the components (a), (b) and (c) above has a viscosity at 4 to 30 ° C. containing the components (a) and (b) above. It is necessary to be in the range of 1.6 to 600 mPa · s, preferably 2.5 to 50 mPa · s, as in the case of the immobilization solution to be used. This is determined from the balance between workability by coating and impregnation and workability when peeling the continuous layer formed after drying in construction work performed in an external environment of 4 to 30 ° C. throughout the year. Even in the fixing solution containing the components (a), (b) and (c) above, the range of the viscosity required in the construction work contains the components (a) and (b) above. Same as in the case of the immobilization solution.

本発明においては、上記の(a)〜(c)成分の他に、必要に応じて、柔軟性を付与するための可塑剤、高分子と無機系の放射性物質吸収剤との分散性を向上させるための分散剤や界面活性剤、粘度調整のための増粘剤や粘度調整剤、防腐剤、着色剤、防臭剤等を加えることができる。特に、着色剤は、本発明の放射性物質除染溶液の塗布箇所を識別できるだけでなく、塗布乾燥後に形成される前記の汚染土壌が高分子で固定された連続層を剥離するときに見られる剥離残りをチェックするために使用できる添加剤であり、除染作業を効率的に行う際に有用である。   In the present invention, in addition to the above components (a) to (c), the dispersibility of a plasticizer for imparting flexibility, a polymer and an inorganic radioactive material absorbent is improved as necessary. A dispersant, a surfactant, a thickener for adjusting the viscosity, a viscosity modifier, a preservative, a colorant, a deodorizer, and the like can be added. In particular, the colorant can not only identify the application location of the radioactive substance decontamination solution of the present invention, but also the peeling that occurs when the contaminated soil formed after coating and drying peels a continuous layer fixed with a polymer. It is an additive that can be used to check the rest, and is useful when performing decontamination work efficiently.

次に、本発明による固定化溶液を用いた放射性物質除染方法の工程を、図1を参照しながら説明する。   Next, the process of the radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

(1)固定化溶液の調整:
上記で説明したような含有量に基づいて(a)〜(c)の各成分を配合するとともに、塗布又は散布を行うために上記で説明したような範囲に規定した粘度を有する本発明の放射線物質含有土壌の固定化溶液を調整する。必要に応じて、(a)〜(c)の各成分の他にも、可塑剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、粘度調整剤、防腐剤、着色剤、又は防臭剤を配合する。
(1) Preparation of immobilization solution:
Based on the content as described above, the components of (a) to (c) are blended, and the radiation according to the present invention has a viscosity defined in the range as described above in order to perform application or dispersion. Prepare the immobilization solution for the substance-containing soil. In addition to the components (a) to (c), a plasticizer, a dispersant, a surfactant, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a preservative, a colorant, or a deodorant is blended as necessary. .

(2)固定化溶液の汚染土壌への塗布又は散布:
上記の(1)で調整した固定化溶液は、放射性物質が付着した土壌へ室温(通年で4〜30℃の範囲)で塗布又は散布される。塗布又は散布は、汚染土壌の場所や設置形態に応じて、吹き付け法、流し込み法又は刷毛塗り法等によって行われるが、広範囲の除染を行う場合にはスプレー等による吹き付け法が一般的に使用される。また、塗布又は散布において、本発明の固定化溶液をあらかじめ加温して粘度調整することができる。さらに、塗布又は散布のときに、加温できる塗布装置又はスプレー装置を用いても良い。
(2) Application or application of immobilization solution to contaminated soil:
The immobilization solution prepared in the above (1) is applied or spread at room temperature (in the range of 4 to 30 ° C. throughout the year) to the soil to which the radioactive material is attached. Application or spraying is performed by spraying, pouring, brushing, etc. depending on the location and installation form of the contaminated soil, but spraying by spraying etc. is generally used for wide range decontamination Is done. Moreover, in application | coating or dispersion | distribution, the fixed solution of this invention can be heated previously and viscosity can be adjusted. Furthermore, you may use the coating device or spray apparatus which can be heated at the time of application | coating or dispersion | distribution.

(3)乾燥:
上記の(2)の工程の後、本発明の固定化溶液を乾燥して(b)成分である水系媒体を揮散させる。乾燥は、外気温度で所定時間(通常は1時間〜1週間)行われるが、必要に応じて、塗布又は散布場所に熱風を加えて乾燥を速める方法を採用しても良い。本発明は、乾燥時間として通常、2〜3日あれば剥離を行うことができ、気温が高ければ、最短1日で剥離作業を開始することができる。
(3) Drying:
After the step (2), the immobilization solution of the present invention is dried to volatilize the aqueous medium as component (b). Drying is performed at an outside air temperature for a predetermined time (usually 1 hour to 1 week), but if necessary, a method of adding hot air to an application or spraying place to accelerate drying may be employed. In the present invention, usually, if the drying time is 2 to 3 days, the peeling can be performed, and if the temperature is high, the peeling operation can be started in the shortest day.

(4)高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の形成:
本発明の固定化溶液を乾燥後、上記の(a)成分である高分子によって固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層が土壌表面及びその近くに形成される。このとき、固定化溶液の乾燥は、上記の(b)成分が完全に除去される必要はなく、前記の連続層の剥離を容易に行うことができる程度の乾燥状態であれば良い。この工程で形成する連続層は、後の(5)の工程において最終的に剥離処理が行われる。本発明において、剥離処理に適する連続層の厚は数mm〜50mmの範囲である。さらに、前記の連続層の強度と弾性による柔軟性との両立を図るために、厚さは5〜40mmであることが好ましい。
(4) Formation of continuous layer consisting of contaminated soil fixed with polymer:
After drying the immobilization solution of the present invention, a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed by the polymer as the component (a) is formed on and near the soil surface. At this time, the immobilization solution may be dried as long as the component (b) does not need to be completely removed and the continuous layer can be easily peeled off. The continuous layer formed in this step is finally subjected to a peeling process in the subsequent step (5). In the present invention, the thickness of the continuous layer suitable for the peeling treatment is in the range of several mm to 50 mm. Further, in order to achieve both the strength of the continuous layer and the flexibility due to elasticity, the thickness is preferably 5 to 40 mm.

(5)高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の剥離、除去:
上記の高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は、薄膜であるために、手動で又は剥離装置を用いて容易に剥離することができる。剥離装置は、前記の連続層の片面を固定した後、この固定面又は固定点を起点にしてゆっくりと移動させながら剥離操作を行うものを用いても良い。本発明においては、前記の剥離層が剥離に十分に耐えうるような強度と適度の弾性を有するため、操作性と作業性に優れる。また、必要に応じて、前記の連続層の剥離部分に熱風又は寒風を当てながら剥離を行っても良い。熱風は、上記の(b)成分の揮散のため又は前記の連続層に柔軟性を持たせるために使用する。寒風は、逆に、前記の連続層をやや固くして、剥離時の強度を上げるときに使用する。
(5) Separation and removal of continuous layer consisting of contaminated soil fixed with polymer:
Since the continuous layer composed of the contaminated soil fixed with the polymer is a thin film, it can be easily peeled off manually or using a peeling device. The peeling device may be a device that, after fixing one surface of the continuous layer, performs a peeling operation while slowly moving the fixed surface or fixed point as a starting point. In this invention, since the said peeling layer has the intensity | strength and moderate elasticity which can fully endure peeling, it is excellent in operativity and workability | operativity. Moreover, you may peel as needed, applying hot air or cold wind to the peeling part of the said continuous layer. Hot air is used for volatilization of said (b) component or in order to give the said continuous layer a softness | flexibility. On the contrary, the cold wind is used to increase the strength at the time of peeling by slightly hardening the continuous layer.

(6)高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の保管、保存:
上記の(5)の工程で剥離、除去された後、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は放射性物質を含むため、放射性物質が外部へ飛散又は漏洩しないような処置が施された場所に集めて保管、保存される。この工程では、保管場所の問題から、除去後の土壌を水で洗浄後、分級し放射性物質濃度の高い粘土層のみを除去する減容化が必要とされている。放射性物質を除去後の土壌はもとの環境へ戻すことが可能である。この減容化において、従来の方法として上記(IV)で示した酸化マグネシウムで固化した土壌は、水を添加しても溶解しないために、分級による減容化は不可能である。
(6) Storage and preservation of continuous layers of contaminated soil fixed with polymer:
After peeling and removing in the above step (5), the continuous layer made of contaminated soil fixed with polymer contains radioactive material, so that the radioactive material was treated to prevent it from scattering or leaking to the outside. It is collected and stored at a place. In this process, due to the problem of storage location, it is necessary to reduce the volume after washing the removed soil with water and classifying it to remove only the clay layer with a high radioactive substance concentration. The soil after removal of radioactive materials can be returned to its original environment. In this volume reduction, since the soil solidified with magnesium oxide shown in the above (IV) as a conventional method does not dissolve even when water is added, volume reduction by classification is impossible.

(7)高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の溶媒への浸漬、溶解:
この工程は、上記の(5)の工程において剥離された前記の連続層から放射性物質を含む汚染土壌だけを分離して集めた後、放射性物質が外部へ飛散又は漏洩しないような処置が施された場所に保管、保存するために、次の(8)の工程とともに行うものである。これによって、高分子で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層の減容化を図るだけではなく、放射性物質含有土壌だけを保管、保存できることから、放射性廃棄物の管理が容易となる。上記の(5)の工程で剥離された前記の連続層は、本発明の(a)成分を溶解できる溶媒へ浸漬、溶解する。この溶媒は、水又は水を主成分とする水系溶媒が主に使用される。本工程の浸漬、溶解は、保管・保存場所の近くで行っても良いし、化学工場等の特殊な処理場所で行っても良い。後者の場合は、アルコール類、エーテル類又はアセトン類等の溶媒を使用できる作業環境が整備されているため、これらの溶媒を使用することができる。それによって、本工程の処理時間を短縮化できるだけではなく、より安全な処理を行うことができる。
(7) Soaking and dissolving a continuous layer of contaminated soil fixed with polymer in a solvent:
In this step, only the contaminated soil containing the radioactive material is separated and collected from the continuous layer separated in the step (5), and then the radioactive material is treated so as not to be scattered or leaked to the outside. This is performed together with the following step (8) in order to store and store in a new place. As a result, not only the volume of the continuous layer made of contaminated soil fixed with a polymer can be reduced, but also only the radioactive substance-containing soil can be stored and preserved, which makes it easy to manage radioactive waste. The continuous layer peeled in the step (5) is immersed and dissolved in a solvent capable of dissolving the component (a) of the present invention. As this solvent, water or an aqueous solvent mainly containing water is mainly used. The immersion and dissolution in this step may be performed near the storage / preservation place, or may be performed at a special processing place such as a chemical factory. In the latter case, since a working environment in which a solvent such as alcohols, ethers or acetones can be used is prepared, these solvents can be used. Thereby, not only the processing time of this process can be shortened, but also safer processing can be performed.

(8)汚染土壌又は汚染土壌/無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の分離除去:
上記の(7)の工程で得られる前記の連続層を含有する溶液は、濾過又は遠心分離等による方法によって、汚染土壌だけが分離除去される。このようにして分離除去された汚染土壌は、後述の(9)の工程で、放射性物質が外部へ飛散又は漏洩しないような処置が施された場所に保管、保存される。また、本発明の固定化溶液において、上記の(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有する場合は、本工程において、前記の(c)成分が汚染土壌とともに分離除去される。さらに、上記の(6)の工程において、汚染土壌又は無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含む汚染土壌を水で洗浄後、分級して放射性物質濃度の高い粘土層又は無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含む粘土層を除去するときも、前記の土壌洗浄・分級の後に濾過又は遠心分離による処理が行われる。分離除去された放射性物質濃度の高い粘土層又は無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含む粘土層は、後述の(9)の工程で保管、保存される。一方、分離除去後の汚染されていない砂等の土壌成分は環境へ戻される。
(8) Separation and removal of contaminated soil or contaminated soil / inorganic radioactive material adsorbent:
Only the contaminated soil is separated and removed from the solution containing the continuous layer obtained in the step (7) by a method such as filtration or centrifugation. The contaminated soil separated and removed in this manner is stored and stored in a place where a radioactive substance is not scattered or leaked to the outside in the step (9) described later. When the immobilizing solution of the present invention contains the above-mentioned (c) inorganic radioactive material adsorbent, the component (c) is separated and removed together with the contaminated soil in this step. Further, in the above step (6), the contaminated soil or the contaminated soil containing the inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent is washed with water, and then classified to obtain a clay layer or an inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent having a high radioactive substance concentration. Also when removing the clay layer, the treatment by filtration or centrifugation is performed after the soil washing and classification. The separated and removed clay layer having a high radioactive substance concentration or the clay layer containing the inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent is stored and stored in the step (9) described later. On the other hand, soil components such as uncontaminated sand after separation and removal are returned to the environment.

本工程において、前記の連続層だけが分離除去されて得られた溶液は、溶媒を抽出して、水溶性又は水分散性の高分子をごみ廃棄物として処理する。また、この溶液を図1に示すように再利用して、新たに所定量の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を配合したり、又は余分な水系媒体だけを除去することによって粘度を調整した後、図1に示す(1)の工程において固定化溶液として使用しても良い。さらに、本発明では、、(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を配合することもできる。この溶液の再利用は、水溶性又は水分散性の高分子をごみとして廃棄する必要がなくなるため、ごみの減量化に貢献できる。   In this step, the solution obtained by separating and removing only the continuous layer is extracted with a solvent and treated with a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer as waste. In addition, by reusing this solution as shown in FIG. 1, a new amount of (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component is added, or by removing only the excess aqueous medium, the viscosity is increased. After the adjustment, it may be used as an immobilizing solution in the step (1) shown in FIG. Furthermore, in the present invention, (c) an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent can also be blended. The reuse of this solution can contribute to the reduction of waste because it is not necessary to dispose of water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers as waste.

(9)汚染土壌又は汚染土壌/無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の保管、保存
上記の(8)の工程で分離除去された汚染土壌又は汚染土壌/無機系の放射性物質吸着剤は捕集された後、放射性廃棄物として、放射性物質が外部へ飛散又は漏洩しないような処置が施された場所に集めて保管、保存される。また、(8)の工程において、汚染土壌又は無機系の放射性物質を含む汚染土壌を洗浄・分級して放射性物質濃度の高い粘土層又は無機系の放射性物質を含む粘土層(おもに無機系の放射性物質吸着剤であるベントナイトを含む粘土・ベントナイト層)を除去する場合は、それらの粘土層のみが保管、保存される。最終的に、人体に全く影響が出ないレベルに放射線量の低減が確認される段階まで密閉状態で保管、保存された後、通常の土壌として戻されるか、又は産業廃棄物として廃棄される。
(9) Storage and preservation of contaminated soil or contaminated soil / inorganic radioactive material adsorbent The contaminated soil or contaminated soil / inorganic radioactive material adsorbent separated and removed in step (8) above was collected. Thereafter, the radioactive material is collected and stored and stored in a place where the radioactive material is treated so as not to be scattered or leaked to the outside. In step (8), contaminated soil or contaminated soil containing inorganic radioactive materials is washed and classified to form a clay layer with high radioactive material concentration or a clay layer containing inorganic radioactive materials (mainly inorganic radioactive materials). When removing the material adsorbent-containing bentonite (clay / bentonite layer), only those clay layers are stored and stored. Eventually, it is stored and stored in a sealed state until it is confirmed that the radiation dose has been reduced to a level that does not affect the human body at all, and then returned to normal soil or discarded as industrial waste.

以上のように、本発明の放射性物質除染方法は、放射性物質が付着した土壌又は放射性物質を含有する土壌から放射線を迅速、且つ効率的で効果的に低減するだけではなく、放射性物質汚染物そのものの減容化を図るために、図1に示す(1)〜(9)の工程を有する。   As described above, the radioactive substance decontamination method of the present invention not only rapidly and efficiently reduces radiation from soil containing radioactive substance or soil containing radioactive substance, but also radioactive substance contaminants. In order to reduce the volume of the product itself, steps (1) to (9) shown in FIG. 1 are included.

本発明を実施例によって説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[実施例1〜10、比較例1〜3]
ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂を42質量%、水を58質量%を含有する酢酸ビニル接着剤(商品名:ジョイフルボンドA−JH、アイカ工業株式会社)を用い、水媒体によって希釈を行って、下記の表1に示すように、ポリ酢酸ビニルの含有量及び粘度の異なる各種溶液を調整した。粘度は、スピンドルタイプ粘度計(トキメック社製 TV−20型)を用いて室温(18〜25℃)で測定した。
[Examples 1 to 10, Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
Using a vinyl acetate adhesive (trade name: Joyful Bond A-JH, Aika Industry Co., Ltd.) containing 42% by mass of polyvinyl acetate resin and 58% by mass of water, dilution was performed with an aqueous medium. As shown in FIG. 1, various solutions having different polyvinyl acetate contents and different viscosities were prepared. The viscosity was measured at room temperature (18-25 ° C.) using a spindle type viscometer (TV-20 model, manufactured by Tokimec).

表1に示すポリ酢酸ビニル溶液の土壌への浸透性と、乾燥後に形成されるポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層の剥離性を調べるために、予備実験を行った。実験方法としては、12cm×16.5cmの容器に深さ5cmまで土壌(放射性物質を含まない土壌)をいれて、表1に示すポリ酢酸ビニル溶液を前記の容器に5リットル/m散布した後、乾燥器を用いて60℃で2〜3日間乾燥させた。ポリ酢酸ビニル溶液の土壌への浸透性は、乾燥後にポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層の厚さを目測や定規を用いて5点以上測定し、それらの平均値によって評価した。また、ポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層は土壌硬度計で5点の硬度測定を行い、それらの平均硬度を強度の目安として評価を行った。土壌硬度計は、「藤原 土壌硬度計 山中式 ポケット型」を使用した。ポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層の剥離性は、前記の平均硬度だけでなく、実際に手動による剥離を行い、その剥離程度(剥離の容易さ、該連続層の破断や亀裂の発生程度等)を定性的に判断することによって総合評価として表した。 Preliminary experiments were conducted to examine the permeability of the polyvinyl acetate solution shown in Table 1 to the soil and the peelability of the continuous layer composed of the soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate formed after drying. As an experimental method, soil (soil that does not contain radioactive material) was placed in a 12 cm × 16.5 cm container up to a depth of 5 cm, and the polyvinyl acetate solution shown in Table 1 was sprayed on the container at 5 liters / m 2 . Then, it was dried at 60 ° C. for 2 to 3 days using a dryer. The permeability of the polyvinyl acetate solution to the soil was evaluated by measuring the thickness of a continuous layer composed of soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate after drying, using an eye or a ruler, and measuring the average value thereof. Moreover, the continuous layer which consists of the soil fixed with the polyvinyl acetate measured the hardness of five points with the soil hardness meter, and evaluated those average hardness as a standard of intensity | strength. As the soil hardness tester, “Fujiwara soil hardness tester Yamanaka type pocket type” was used. The peelability of the continuous layer made of soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate is not only the average hardness described above, but also the actual peeling by hand, and the degree of peeling (ease of peeling, breakage and cracking of the continuous layer) It was expressed as a comprehensive evaluation by qualitatively judging the degree of occurrence).

実験結果を下記の表1に示す。表1に示す総合評価において、ポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層の剥離が破断や亀裂もなくスムーズに行えたものを(◎)、破断や亀裂は発生しなかったものの、やや注意しながら剥離を行ったものを(○)、剥離時に前記の連続層の周辺にやや亀裂が見られたものを(△)、また、剥離時に前記の連続層に破断や多数の亀裂が発生して、剥離が困難であったものを(×)で表した。   The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below. In the comprehensive evaluation shown in Table 1, the continuous layer consisting of soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate was able to peel smoothly without breaks or cracks (◎), but no breaks or cracks occurred, but a little caution (○) when the film was peeled while peeling, (△) where some cracks were observed around the continuous layer during peeling, and breakage or many cracks occurred in the continuous layer during peeling Those that were difficult to peel off were represented by (x).

Figure 0006168546
Figure 0006168546

表1から分かるように、固定化溶液の粘度を1.6〜600mPa・sの範囲に規定することによって、土壌への浸透性及びポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌からなる連続層の剥離性に優れる土壌の固定化溶液が得られる。また、そのような粘度範囲を満たすためには、ポリ酢酸ビニルの含有量を3〜30質量%の範囲に規定する必要がある。さらに、固定化溶液の粘度が2.5〜50mPa・sの範囲にあれば、前記の連続層の剥離をより簡便で迅速に行うことができる。   As can be seen from Table 1, by defining the viscosity of the immobilization solution in the range of 1.6 to 600 mPa · s, the permeability to soil and the releasability of the continuous layer composed of soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate are achieved. An excellent soil immobilization solution is obtained. Moreover, in order to satisfy such a viscosity range, it is necessary to regulate the content of polyvinyl acetate within a range of 3 to 30% by mass. Furthermore, if the viscosity of the immobilization solution is in the range of 2.5 to 50 mPa · s, the continuous layer can be peeled more easily and quickly.

それに対して、粘度及びポリ酢酸ビニルの含有量が上記の範囲から外れる固定化溶液(比較例1〜3)は、乾燥後の剥離作業時に、前記の連続層に破断や多くの亀裂が見られるため、汚染土壌の固定化の用途に適さない。その中で、比較例3の固定化溶液は、高い平均硬度を有するものの、粘度が高いために土壌下部への浸透が十分でなく、前記の連続層の深さ方向における組成の不均一化によって、剥離時に破断や亀裂が発生したものと考えられる。   On the other hand, in the fixing solutions (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) in which the viscosity and the content of polyvinyl acetate deviate from the above ranges, the continuous layer is broken and many cracks are observed during the peeling operation after drying. Therefore, it is not suitable for fixing contaminated soil. Among them, although the immobilization solution of Comparative Example 3 has a high average hardness, since the viscosity is high, the penetration into the lower part of the soil is not sufficient, and the composition in the depth direction of the continuous layer is not uniform. It is considered that breakage and cracks occurred during peeling.

このように、本発明の効果を奏する固定化溶液は、塗布又は散布時の温度(通常は4〜30℃の温度範囲)における粘度、及びその粘度を達成するために前記(a)成分の含有量を所定の範囲に規定することによって得ることができる。   Thus, the immobilization solution that exhibits the effect of the present invention includes the viscosity at the temperature during coating or spraying (usually a temperature range of 4 to 30 ° C.), and the content of the component (a) in order to achieve the viscosity. It can be obtained by defining the amount within a predetermined range.

[実施例11〜13]
実施例4で使用したポリ酢酸ビニルの代わりに、重合度約2000のポリビニルアルコール(表2ではPVAと略す。)、分子量が15000である水分散性のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体(表2ではE−PVAcと略す。)又は上記のジョイフルボンドに含まれるポリ酢酸ビニル80質量部と重合度約2000のポリビニルアルコールを20質量部との混合物(表2では、PVAc/PVAと略す。)を用いて、各高分子の含有量が10質量%となるように水媒体で溶解して固定化溶液を調整した。実施4と同じ方法で、粘度、各高分子で固定された土壌の連続層の厚さ、及び平均硬度を測定し、前記の連続層の剥離性について総合評価を行った。評価結果を表2に合わせて示す。
[Examples 11 to 13]
Instead of the polyvinyl acetate used in Example 4, polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of about 2000 (abbreviated as PVA in Table 2), a water dispersible ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a molecular weight of 15000 (in Table 2). E-PVAc.) Or a mixture of 80 parts by mass of polyvinyl acetate contained in the joyful bond and 20 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of about 2000 (in Table 2, abbreviated as PVAc / PVA). Then, an immobilization solution was prepared by dissolving in an aqueous medium so that the content of each polymer was 10% by mass. In the same manner as in Example 4, the viscosity, the thickness of the continuous layer of soil fixed with each polymer, and the average hardness were measured, and comprehensive evaluation was performed on the peelability of the continuous layer. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 0006168546
Figure 0006168546

表2に示すように、本発明の(a)成分としては、ポリビニルアルコールやポリ酢酸ビニル等の水溶性の高分子だけでなく、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等の水分散性の高分子を使用することができる。表1及び表2に示す総合評価結果から分かるように、ポリ酢酸ビニル(実施例4)及びポリ酢酸ビニルを主成分として含有する高分子(実施例13)は、他の高分子(実施例11及び12)よりも土壌が固定された連続層の平均硬度がやや高くなっており、土壌を強く固定する接着剤としての機能が高いことが分かる。それによって、前記の連続層の剥離性の総合評価において、より優れた結果が得られたものと考えられる。   As shown in Table 2, the component (a) of the present invention includes not only water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate but also water-dispersible polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Can be used. As can be seen from the comprehensive evaluation results shown in Tables 1 and 2, polyvinyl acetate (Example 4) and a polymer containing polyvinyl acetate as a main component (Example 13) are other polymers (Example 11). And the average hardness of the continuous layer in which the soil is fixed is slightly higher than in 12), and it can be seen that the function as an adhesive for strongly fixing the soil is high. Thereby, it is considered that more excellent results were obtained in the comprehensive evaluation of the peelability of the continuous layer.

なお、本発明における固定化溶液は、前記の(a)成分の含有量が同じであっても、高分子の種類に応じて、粘度がやや異なる。通常、固体化溶液の土壌への浸透性は、該固定化溶液の粘度によってほぼ決まる。したがって、本発明の固定化溶液は、まず、該固定化溶液を構成する成分及びその粘度の範囲を規定することによって、明確に特定される。   In addition, even if content of the said (a) component is the same, the fixative solution in this invention has a little different viscosity according to the kind of polymer | macromolecule. Usually, the permeability of the solidified solution into the soil is largely determined by the viscosity of the immobilizing solution. Therefore, the immobilization solution of the present invention is clearly identified by first defining the components constituting the immobilization solution and the viscosity range.

[実施例14〜28、比較例4〜6]
ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂を42質量%、水を58質量%を含有する酢酸ビニル接着剤(商品名:ジョイフルボンド、アイカ工業株式会社)に無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を配合して、水媒体によって希釈を行って、下記の表3に示すように、ポリ酢酸ビニル及び無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の含有量及び粘度の異なる各種溶液を調整した。表3に示す各成分の含有量は、ポリ酢酸ビニル(表3ではPVAcと略す。)、無機系の放射性物質吸着剤及び水媒体からなる固定化溶液を100質量部としたときの含有量である。無機系の放射性物質吸着剤としては、ベントナイトドンミン((株)ボルクレイ・ジャパン製、表3ではベントナイトAと略す)、ベントナイトブラックヒルズ(American Colloid Company製、、表3ではベントナイトBと略す。)、又はゼオライトを使用した。実施例1〜13と同じ方法で、粘度、ポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された土壌の連続層の厚さ、及び平均硬度を測定し、前記の連続層の剥離性について総合評価を行った。評価結果を表3に合わせて示す。









[Examples 14 to 28, Comparative Examples 4 to 6]
Inorganic radioactive material adsorbent is blended with vinyl acetate adhesive (trade name: Joyful Bond, Aika Industry Co., Ltd.) containing 42% by weight of polyvinyl acetate resin and 58% by weight of water, and diluted with an aqueous medium. As shown in Table 3 below, various solutions having different contents and viscosities of polyvinyl acetate and inorganic radioactive material adsorbent were prepared. The content of each component shown in Table 3 is the content when the fixing solution consisting of polyvinyl acetate (abbreviated as PVAc in Table 3), an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent and an aqueous medium is 100 parts by mass. is there. Examples of the inorganic radioactive material adsorbent include bentonite donmine (manufactured by Volclay Japan Co., Ltd., abbreviated as bentonite A in Table 3), bentonite black hills (manufactured by American Colloid Company, abbreviated as bentonite B in Table 3), Alternatively, zeolite was used. In the same manner as in Examples 1 to 13, the viscosity, the thickness of the continuous layer of soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate, and the average hardness were measured, and the peelability of the continuous layer was comprehensively evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.









Figure 0006168546
Figure 0006168546

表3に示すように、本発明の固定化溶液は、(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することによって粘度がやや高くなる。一方、平均硬度は、(a)成分であるポリ酢酸ビニルの含有量が少ない場合は高くなるが、ポリ酢酸ビニルの含有量が多い場合は、逆に低くなる傾向にある。これは、前者は無機質固体の配合による硬度の増大効果であり、後者は無機質固体との界面形成の影響でポリ酢酸ビニルの凝集力が低下したことによる硬度低下と考えられるが、詳細は不明である。   As shown in Table 3, the immobilization solution of the present invention has a slightly higher viscosity by containing (c) an inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent. On the other hand, the average hardness increases when the content of polyvinyl acetate as the component (a) is low, but tends to decrease when the content of polyvinyl acetate is high. This is because the former is an effect of increasing the hardness due to the blending of the inorganic solid, and the latter is considered to be a decrease in the hardness due to the decrease in the cohesive strength of the polyvinyl acetate due to the influence of the interface formation with the inorganic solid, but the details are unknown. is there.

表3に示す剥離性に関する総合評価は、表1に示す総合評価とほぼ同じような結果が得られた。すなわち、ポリ酢酸ビニル(PVAc)の含有量が3〜30質量%の範囲において、PVAcで固定された土壌からなる連続層は剥離性が良くなり、剥離作業を簡便に行うことができる。さらに、PVAcの含有量が5〜21質量%の範囲において、特に剥離性が優れており、剥離作業の一層の迅速化を図ることができる。また、ベントナイト等の(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の含有量についても、5質量%以下であれば、本発明の効果を奏する固定化溶液を得ることができる。それに対して、ベントナイト等の放射性物質吸着剤の含有量が5質量%を超える場合(比較例6)は、粘度が高くなって固定化溶液の浸透性が大きく劣るだけでなく、PVAcで固定された土壌からなる連続層の剥離性も大きな問題が生じるために、放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液として適用することができない。一方、前記の(c)成分の含有量の下限値としては、放射性物質の吸着効果が明確に現れる量の0.01質量%である。また、本発明において(c)成分の含有量は、表3に示す剥離性の総合評価結果において優れた結果を示した0.1〜2質量%の範囲が好適である。   The overall evaluation on peelability shown in Table 3 was almost the same as the overall evaluation shown in Table 1. That is, when the content of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) is in the range of 3 to 30% by mass, the continuous layer made of soil fixed with PVAc has improved releasability and can be easily peeled. Furthermore, when the content of PVAc is in the range of 5 to 21% by mass, the releasability is particularly excellent, and it is possible to further speed up the peeling operation. Moreover, if content of (c) inorganic type radioactive substance adsorbents, such as bentonite, is also 5 mass% or less, the fixed solution which has the effect of this invention can be obtained. On the other hand, when the content of the radioactive material adsorbent such as bentonite exceeds 5% by mass (Comparative Example 6), not only the viscosity becomes high and the permeability of the immobilizing solution is greatly inferior, but also fixed by PVAc. In addition, since the peelability of the continuous layer made of soil is a big problem, it cannot be applied as a fixed solution for soil containing radioactive substances. On the other hand, the lower limit of the content of the component (c) is 0.01% by mass of the amount in which the radioactive substance adsorption effect clearly appears. In the present invention, the content of the component (c) is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2% by mass, which shows excellent results in the comprehensive evaluation results of peelability shown in Table 3.

[実施例29]
実施例4の固定化溶液を用いて、セシウム等の放射性物質で汚染された土壌の上に、室温(約20℃)においてスプレー装置によって5リットル/mの条件で均一に塗布し、室温で3日間放置してポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を形成した後、剥離を行った。初期の汚染土壌表面と前記の連続層を剥離した後の土壌表面について、それぞれの放射線量を測定した結果、初期に対する剥離後の放射線量の割合は21%であり、除染率は79%であった。
[Example 29]
Using the immobilization solution of Example 4, it was uniformly applied on the soil contaminated with radioactive substances such as cesium at room temperature (about 20 ° C.) with a spray device at a rate of 5 liter / m 2 , and at room temperature. After standing for 3 days to form a continuous layer consisting of contaminated soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate, peeling was performed. As a result of measuring the respective radiation doses on the soil surface after the initial contaminated soil surface and the soil layer after peeling, the ratio of the radiation dose after peeling to the initial stage is 21%, and the decontamination rate is 79%. there were.

[実施例30]
実施例21(ベントナイトAを0、5質量%含有)の固定化溶液を用いて、実施例29と同じ方法で、汚染土壌の上にポリ酢酸ビニルで固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層を形成した後、該連続層の剥離を行った。初期の汚染土壌表面と前記の連続層を剥離した後の土壌表面について、実施例29と同じ方法で放射線量を測定した結果、初期に対する剥離後の放射線量の割合は10%であり、除染率は90%であった。このように、無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有する本発明の固定溶液は、汚染土壌の除染率を高める効果のあることが確認された。
[Example 30]
Using the immobilization solution of Example 21 (containing 0,5 mass% of bentonite A), a continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed with polyvinyl acetate was formed on the contaminated soil in the same manner as in Example 29. Then, the continuous layer was peeled off. As a result of measuring the radiation dose by the same method as in Example 29 on the soil surface after peeling the initial contaminated soil surface and the continuous layer, the ratio of the radiation dose after peeling to the initial stage was 10%, and decontamination The rate was 90%. Thus, it was confirmed that the fixing solution of the present invention containing an inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent has an effect of increasing the decontamination rate of contaminated soil.

[比較例7]
固定化溶液として市販のポリイオンコンプレックスを用いて、実施29及び30と同じ方法で、該ポリイオンコンプレックスによって固定された汚染土壌の連続層の形成を行った。ポリイオンコンプレックスを使用する本比較例では、剥離可能な強度を得るまでの乾燥期間は少なくとも7日が必要であった。初期の汚染土壌表面と前記の連続層を剥離した後の土壌表面について、実施例29と同じ方法で放射線量を測定した結果、初期に対する剥離後の放射線量の割合は10%であり、除染率は90%であった。
[Comparative Example 7]
Using a commercially available polyion complex as an immobilization solution, a continuous layer of contaminated soil fixed by the polyion complex was formed in the same manner as in Examples 29 and 30. In this comparative example using a polyion complex, the drying period required to obtain peelable strength was at least 7 days. As a result of measuring the radiation dose by the same method as in Example 29 on the soil surface after peeling the initial contaminated soil surface and the continuous layer, the ratio of the radiation dose after peeling to the initial stage was 10%, and decontamination The rate was 90%.

以上のように、実施例29及び30の固定化溶液は、従来のポリイオンコンプレックスを用いたものと比べて、塗布後の乾燥時間を短縮化できるだけではなく、放射性物質の除染に対して優れた効果を有することが分かる。   As described above, the immobilization solutions of Examples 29 and 30 not only shortened the drying time after coating, but also superior to the decontamination of radioactive materials, compared to those using conventional polyion complexes. It turns out that it has an effect.

実施例に示すように、本発明の放射性物質土壌の固定化溶液は、(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子、及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を含み、さらに該固定化溶液の粘度及び/又は各成分の含有量が最適化されているために、汚染土壌への浸透性に優れ、塗布又は散布後の乾燥工程も従来よりも短時間で行うことができる。また、乾燥工程後に形成される前記の(a)成分で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は、厚さを所定の範囲、具体的には5〜40mmに調整することが容易であり、加えて、様々な剥離条件に十分に耐え得る強度と適度の弾性を発現することができる。結果的に、前記の(a)成分で固定された汚染土壌からなる連続層は簡便に剥離除去できるようになる。さらに、(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することによって、汚染土壌中の放射性物質は安定的に固定化され、除染処理中にその移動が大幅に抑制されるため、除染効果を一層高めることができる。それによって、本発明の放射性物質除染方法は、土壌中の放射線物質を十分に除染できる効果が得られる。   As shown in the Examples, the radioactive material soil immobilization solution of the present invention includes (a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, and (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component. Since the viscosity of the solution and / or the content of each component is optimized, it has excellent permeability to contaminated soil, and the drying process after application or spraying can be performed in a shorter time than before. Moreover, the continuous layer which consists of the contaminated soil fixed with the said (a) component formed after a drying process is easy to adjust thickness to a predetermined range, specifically 5-40 mm, Thus, it is possible to develop strength and moderate elasticity that can sufficiently withstand various peeling conditions. As a result, the continuous layer composed of contaminated soil fixed with the component (a) can be easily removed. Furthermore, (c) by containing the inorganic radioactive material adsorbent, the radioactive material in the contaminated soil is stably fixed, and its movement is greatly suppressed during the decontamination treatment, so the decontamination effect Can be further enhanced. Thereby, the radioactive substance decontamination method of the present invention has an effect of sufficiently decontaminating radioactive substances in soil.

それに対して、従来のポリイオンコンプレックスによる除染方法は、乾燥時間が長いため、実施例と比べて作業性や施工性が悪くなり、除染効率が低下する。また、ポリイオンコンプレックスで固化させた土壌の強度は2.0〜3.9kg/cm程度であるのに対し、本方法で固定した土壌の強度は、5.8〜20.3kg/cmと高く、そのため除染の際の粉塵量が少なく、施工性も向上する。 In contrast, the conventional polyion complex decontamination method has a long drying time, so that the workability and workability are deteriorated as compared with the examples, and the decontamination efficiency is lowered. The strength of the soil solidified with the polyion complex is about 2.0 to 3.9 kg / cm 2 , whereas the strength of the soil fixed by this method is 5.8 to 20.3 kg / cm 2 . Therefore, the amount of dust during decontamination is small, and the workability is improved.

以上のように、本発明の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液は、汚染土壌が高分子で固定された連続層の形成と剥離を、迅速、且つ、容易に行うことができる構成を有する。それだけではなく、セシウムイオン等の放射性物質を安定的に保持できる無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することによって、放射性物質の外部への飛散や漏れが防止され、前記構造物の除染を確実に、且つ安定的に行うことができる。したがって、このような特徴を有する固定溶液を用いた本発明の放射線除染方法は、放射性物質が付着した土壌又は放射線物質で汚染された土壌の除染を従来方法よりも迅速、且つ効率的で効果的に行うことができる。また、本発明の放射線除染方法は、放射性物質汚染物そのものの減容化に対しても有効な方法であり、有用性が極めて高い。   As described above, the radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution of the present invention has a configuration that allows rapid and easy formation and separation of a continuous layer in which contaminated soil is immobilized with a polymer. In addition, by containing an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent that can stably hold radioactive materials such as cesium ions, scattering and leakage of radioactive materials to the outside are prevented, and decontamination of the structure is ensured. And can be carried out stably. Therefore, the radiation decontamination method of the present invention using the fixing solution having such characteristics is faster and more efficient than the conventional method for decontamination of soil to which radioactive material is attached or soil contaminated with radioactive material. Can be done effectively. In addition, the radiation decontamination method of the present invention is an effective method for reducing the volume of radioactive material contaminants, and is extremely useful.

Claims (9)

(a)ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ酢酸ビニル及びエチレンービニルアルコール共重合体から選ばれる少なくともいずれか1種の水溶性又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を含有し、
前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子を前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に溶解又は分散したときの溶液の粘度が、4〜30℃において1.6〜600mPa・sになるように調整し、且つ、
前記の(a)水溶液又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分の含有量が3〜30質量%であることを特徴とする放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。
(A) containing at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component,
The viscosity of the solution when the (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is dissolved or dispersed in the (b) water-based aqueous medium is 1.6 to 600 mPa · s at 4 to 30 ° C. s to be s , and
When the total amount of (a) the aqueous solution or water-dispersible polymer and (b) the aqueous medium containing water as a main component is 100 parts by mass, the content of the component (a) is 3 to 30 masses. % Radioactive material-containing soil immobilization solution.
前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子を前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に溶解又は分散したときの溶液の粘度が、4〜30℃において2.5〜50mPa・sになるように調整したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 The viscosity of the solution when the (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer is dissolved or dispersed in the (b) water-based aqueous medium is 2.5 to 50 mPa · It adjusted so that it might become s, The fixing solution of the radioactive substance containing soil of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子は、ポリ酢酸ビニル又はポリ酢酸ビニルを主成分として含有する高分子であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 The radioactive substance-containing soil according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer (a) is a polymer containing polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acetate as a main component. Immobilization solution. 前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子及び(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体に、さらに(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜の何れかに記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 The (a) water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and (b) an aqueous medium containing water as a main component further contain (c) an inorganic radioactive material adsorbent. 3. The radioactive substance-containing soil fixing solution according to any one of 3 above. 前記の(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤は、ベントナイトであることを特徴とする請求項に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 5. The radioactive substance-containing soil fixing solution according to claim 4 , wherein the (c) inorganic radioactive substance adsorbent is bentonite. 前記の(a)水溶性又は水分散性高分子、(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体、及び(c)無機系の放射性物質吸着剤の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分及び(c)成分の含有量はそれぞれ3〜30質量%及び0.01〜5質量%であり、残余は前記の(b)成分で構成されており、且つ、前記の(c)成分は前記の(a)成分よりも少ない含有量で配合されることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 When the total amount of each component of (a) the water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, (b) the aqueous medium containing water as a main component, and (c) the inorganic radioactive material adsorbent is 100 parts by mass. In addition, the contents of the component (a) and the component (c) are 3 to 30% by mass and 0.01 to 5% by mass, respectively, and the remainder is composed of the component (b), and The radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the component (c) is blended with a content smaller than that of the component (a). 前記の(a)、(b)及び(c)の各成分の合計量を100質量部としたときに、前記の(a)成分及び(c)成分の含有量はそれぞれ5〜21質量%及び0.1〜2質量%であり、残余は前記の(b)成分で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項に記載の放射性物質含有土壌の固定化溶液。 When the total amount of the components (a), (b) and (c) is 100 parts by mass, the content of the component (a) and the component (c) is 5 to 21% by mass and It is 0.1-2 mass%, and the remainder is comprised by said (b) component, The fixing solution of the radioactive substance containing soil of Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項1〜の何れかに記載の固定化溶液を用いて、該固定化溶液を放射性物質含有土壌の表面に塗布又は散布する工程、前記の固定化溶液を乾燥することによって、前記の(b)水を主成分とする水系媒体を揮散させて、前記の(a)成分で固定された汚染土壌、若しくは汚染土壌と前記の(c)成分からなる連続層を形成する工程、及び前記の放射性物質含有土壌の表面から前記の連続層を剥離又は除去する工程、を含む放射性物質除染方法。 A step of applying or spraying the immobilization solution on the surface of the radioactive material-containing soil using the immobilization solution according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , and drying the immobilization solution, b) volatilizing an aqueous medium containing water as a main component to form a contaminated soil fixed with the component (a) or a continuous layer composed of the contaminated soil and the component (c); A method for decontaminating radioactive material, comprising a step of peeling or removing the continuous layer from the surface of the radioactive material-containing soil. 前記の放射性物質を含有する土壌の表面層は、厚さが5〜40mmであることを特徴とする請求項に記載の放射性物質除染方法。 The radioactive substance decontamination method according to claim 8 , wherein the surface layer of the soil containing the radioactive substance has a thickness of 5 to 40 mm.
JP2012058052A 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution Expired - Fee Related JP6168546B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012058052A JP6168546B2 (en) 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012058052A JP6168546B2 (en) 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2013190364A JP2013190364A (en) 2013-09-26
JP6168546B2 true JP6168546B2 (en) 2017-07-26

Family

ID=49390764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2012058052A Expired - Fee Related JP6168546B2 (en) 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6168546B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6083591B2 (en) * 2012-06-22 2017-02-22 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 Decontamination method to improve the classification and cleaning effect of radioactive cesium contaminated soil
RU2638162C1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-12-12 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Composition for dust suppression and containment of combustion products after fire extinguishing with radiation factor
JP6961478B2 (en) * 2017-12-12 2021-11-05 デンカ株式会社 Soil modifier, soil modifier

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59228194A (en) * 1983-06-10 1984-12-21 藤倉化成株式会社 Method of purifying surface polluted by radioactive substance
JPS61269095A (en) * 1984-12-04 1986-11-28 日本合成化学工業株式会社 Method of treating radioactive substance
US6102053A (en) * 1996-04-29 2000-08-15 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Llc Process for separating radioactive and hazardous metal contaminants from soils
JP2004344751A (en) * 2003-05-21 2004-12-09 Shimizu Corp Contaminated soil dust control method, contaminated soil excavation method, and contaminated soil dust suppressant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2013190364A (en) 2013-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6052761B2 (en) Radioactive material decontamination solution from structure using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, and radioactive material decontamination method using the radioactive material decontamination solution
JP6168546B2 (en) Radioactive substance-containing soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution
JP2008537037A5 (en)
JP2015508300A (en) Decontamination gel and method for decontaminating a surface by wetting using said gel
JP2016532549A (en) Colloidal agent for aquifer purification
JP2016521199A (en) Colored decontamination gel and method for decontaminating the surface using said gel
US11081251B2 (en) Suctionable gel and method for eliminating a contamination contained in a surface organic layer of a solid substrate
Moore et al. Decontamination of caesium and strontium from stainless steel surfaces using hydrogels
JP6064220B2 (en) Method for decontamination of radioactive cesium-contaminated soil and method for preventing diffusion of radioactive cesium
JP6083591B2 (en) Decontamination method to improve the classification and cleaning effect of radioactive cesium contaminated soil
JP6236752B2 (en) Radioactive substance-containing forest soil immobilization solution using water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, and radioactive substance decontamination method using the immobilization solution
US5489741A (en) Treatment and stabilization of hazardous waste
JP6066160B2 (en) Radioactive contaminant cleaning agent and method for cleaning radioactive contaminant
JP2014190829A (en) Method of removing contaminants from structural surfaces
US12325842B2 (en) Decontamination paste consisting of clays and microfibers and method for decontaminating a solid material using said paste
DE102012106742A1 (en) Piece-shaped agent for application to a sanitary object
JP2016070781A (en) Radioactive contaminant cleaning agent and cleaning method using the same
JP2016011579A (en) Rock wool-containing material stripping solution and method for removing rock wool-containing material
JP2014029289A (en) Processing method for reducing radiation amount in waste including radioactive substances
JP2013096983A (en) Method for decontaminating soil and soil decontaminating agent
JP7424158B2 (en) Soil surface solidification method
JP5861830B2 (en) Method for preventing radioactive material from being scattered on the surface of soil
KR100998866B1 (en) Resin Impregnating Agent and Manufacturing Method Thereof
JP2014142312A (en) Radioactive material removing method, and coating material
ANJU et al. CHANGES OF GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATED SOIL AFTER SOLIDIFICATION.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A711 Notification of change in applicant

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711

Effective date: 20150223

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20150227

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821

Effective date: 20150223

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20160217

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20160412

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20160927

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20161027

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20170315

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20170508

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20170613

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20170621

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6168546

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees