JP6173366B2 - Separation apparatus and method for producing water-absorbing treatment material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a separation device and a method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material using the same.

  As a conventional separation apparatus, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In the separation apparatus described in the document, first, a defective product such as a paper diaper in which a water absorbing member is loaded inside the exterior material is cut into a predetermined size by a cutting machine. Next, the cut product is fed into the separator by air transportation.

  The separator has a rotating shaft provided so as to be rotatable around its own axis and a cylindrical net provided so as to surround the rotating shaft and to be concentrically rotatable in the opposite direction. A plurality of stirring rods are provided radially on the rotation shaft. The cut product sent to the separator is separated into an exterior material and a water-absorbing member by a rotating shaft and a cylindrical net that rotate in opposite directions. This water absorbing member is sieved by the mesh of the cylindrical net.

JP-A-8-117688

  By the way, in recent years, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, there is an increasing need for technology for reusing PVC wallpaper as waste. When reusing PVC wallpaper, it is necessary to separate the polyvinyl chloride contained in the wallpaper from the paper. For such separation, the above-described separation device can be used. However, it is difficult for the above-described separation apparatus to separate polyvinyl chloride and paper with high efficiency.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of the separation apparatus with high separation efficiency, and a water absorption processing material using the same.

  The separation apparatus according to the present invention includes a first shredding portion for shredding a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper including polyvinyl chloride and paper, and the polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding portion. A first separation unit that separates the polyvinyl chloride without passing the paper contained in the PVC wallpaper shredded by the first shredding unit. A first cylindrical portion in which a number of first holes to be passed are formed, and a plate that is provided in the first cylindrical portion and that strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that has been shredded by the first shredded portion A first tapping member having a shape, and rotating the first tubular portion in a state in which the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredded portion is accommodated. By hitting the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the plate surface of the hitting member, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper passes through the first hole. And separating the polyvinyl chloride.

  In this separation device, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is shredded by the first shredder. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding unit is sent to the first separation unit. In the first separation portion, the polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper by the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper being struck by the plate surface of the first tapping member while the first cylindrical portion is rotated causes the first hole to And is discharged out of the first cylindrical portion. Thereby, polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  As described above, in the separation device of the present invention, the first tapping member performs tapping in the first cylindrical portion. This tapping promotes the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper. As a result, the polyvinyl chloride is easily separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the first separation section, so that the separation efficiency is improved. Here, the separation efficiency refers to the ratio of the weight of polyvinyl chloride separated from the PVC wallpaper to the weight of the polyvinyl chloride contained in the PVC wallpaper immediately before the treatment.

  According to the present invention, a separation device with high separation efficiency and a method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material using the separation device are realized.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the separation apparatus by this invention. It is an end view which shows the separation part 20 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is an end view which shows the separation part 20 in the separation apparatus of FIG. 3 is a side view showing a drum 22 provided in a separation unit 20. FIG. It is an end view which shows the separation part 40 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is an end view which shows the separation part 40 in the separation apparatus of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a drum 42 provided in a separation unit 40. It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the water absorption processing material by this invention. It is an end view which shows the isolation | separation part 20 which concerns on one modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the separation part 20 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the separation part 20 of FIG. It is an end view which shows the separation part 40 which concerns on one modification. It is an end view which shows the isolation | separation part 20 which concerns on another modification. It is an end view which shows the isolation | separation part 40 which concerns on another modification. It is a top view which shows the tapping member 24 which concerns on one modification. It is a top view which shows the tapping member 44 which concerns on one modification. It is a side view which shows the tapping member 24 which concerns on another modification. It is a side view which shows the tapping member 44 which concerns on another modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of the protrusion 28 shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a separation apparatus according to the present invention. The separation apparatus 1 dissociates the second material from the first material by processing the processing object including the first material and the second material attached to the first material, and the processing object. The second material is separated from the material. In the present embodiment, the processing object is a PVC wallpaper, the first material is paper, and the second material is polyvinyl chloride.

  The separating apparatus 1 includes a shredder 10 (first shredder), a separator 20 (first separator), a shredder 30 (second shredder), and a separator 40 (second shredder). Separation part).

  The shredder 10 shreds the PVC wallpaper. As the shredder 10, for example, a crusher or a pulverizer can be used. The shredder 10 is provided with a screen. The hole diameter of the screen is, for example, 10 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

  The structure of the separation unit 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are end views showing the separation unit 20. The separation unit 20 separates polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 10. The separation unit 20 includes a drum 22 (first cylindrical portion), a tapping member 24 (first tapping member), and a rotating shaft 26 (first rotating shaft).

  The drum 22 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to surround the tapping member 24 and the rotating shaft 26. The drum 22 is rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the drum 22 is horizontal. The drum 22 accommodates the PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredder 10. The inner diameter of the drum 22 is, for example, not less than 30 cm and not more than 50 cm.

  FIG. 4 is a side view showing the drum 22. The drum 22 has a large number of holes 22a (first holes). The hole 22 a is formed over substantially the entire drum 22. The hole 22a does not allow the paper contained in the PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredding part 10 to pass, but allows the polyvinyl chloride to pass. The diameter of the hole 22a is, for example, 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

  A tapping member 24 is provided in the drum 22. The tapping member 24 strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 10. Specifically, the hitting member 24 has a plate shape and hits the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface.

  The rotating shaft 26 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating shaft 26 is horizontal. End faces parallel and perpendicular to the central axis are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. However, FIG. 3 shows an end face that does not include the hole 22a. The central axis of the rotation shaft 26 coincides with the central axis of the drum 22. That is, the drum 22 and the rotation shaft 26 have the same central axis. However, the rotating shaft 26 rotates independently of the drum 22. In the present embodiment, the drum 22 and the rotating shaft 26 rotate in opposite directions around the central axis.

  The hitting member 24 described above is attached around the rotation shaft 26. In the present embodiment, a plurality of tapping members 24 are provided. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the tapping member 24 is provided at a plurality of locations (5 locations in the present embodiment) along the central axis of the rotation shaft 26. As can be seen from FIG. 3, a plurality of (eight in the present embodiment) tapping members 24 are radially attached around the rotation shaft 26 at each location. Each tapping member 24 is arranged so that the thickness direction thereof is orthogonal to the central axis. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 26 is, for example, not less than 15 cm and not more than 25 cm. Moreover, the space | interval of the internal peripheral surface of the drum 22 and the front-end | tip of the tapping member 24 is 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less, for example.

  In the separation unit 20, when the drum 22 and the rotating shaft 26 are rotated in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 10 is accommodated in the drum 22, the tapping member 24 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 26 generates the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper. Tap repeatedly. Then, dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper is promoted by the striking force and the like. The polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper is discharged out of the drum 22 through the holes 22a. Thereby, polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper. As described above, the separating unit 20 taps the PVC wallpaper on the plate surface of the hitting member 24 while rotating the drum 22 in a state in which the PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 10 is accommodated. The polyvinyl chloride having passed through the holes 22a is separated from

  Further, a protrusion 28 (first protrusion) is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22. The ridge 28 extends in the central axis direction of the drum 22. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the protrusion 28 extends over substantially the entire center axis direction of the drum 22. Further, the protrusion 28 has a substantially triangular cross section (see FIG. 3). The height of the protrusion 28 (the length in the radial direction of the drum 22) is, for example, 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. It is preferable that p protrusions 28 are provided (p: an integer of 3 to 5). The p protrusions 28 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 at equal intervals. That is, on the end face (end face shown in FIG. 3) perpendicular to the center axis of the drum 22, a line segment connecting one protrusion 28 and the center axis, and a line connecting the adjacent protrusion 28 and the center axis. The angle α made with the minute is approximately equal to 360 ° / p. In this embodiment, p = 4 and α = 90 °.

  The shredder 30 shreds the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper from which the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the holes 22a is separated by the separator 20. As the shredder 30, for example, a crusher or a pulverizer can be used. The shredder 30 is provided with a screen. The hole diameter of the screen is, for example, not less than 0.3 mm and not more than 3 mm.

  The structure of the separation unit 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 are end views showing the separation unit 40. FIG. The separation unit 40 separates polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 30. The separation unit 40 includes a drum 42 (second cylindrical portion), a tapping member 44 (second tapping member), and a rotating shaft 46 (second rotating shaft).

  The drum 42 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to surround the tapping member 44 and the rotation shaft 46. The drum 42 is rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the drum 42 is horizontal. The drum 42 accommodates the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that is shredded by the shredder 30. The inner diameter of the drum 42 is, for example, 30 cm or more and 50 cm or less.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing the drum 42. The drum 42 has a large number of holes 42a (second holes). The hole 42 a is formed over substantially the entire drum 42. The hole 42a does not allow the paper contained in the PVC wallpaper cut by the shredder 30 to pass, but allows the polyvinyl chloride to pass. The area of the hole 42a in plan view is smaller than the area of the hole 22a in plan view. The diameter of the hole 42a is, for example, not less than 0.2 mm and not more than 2 mm.

  A tapping member 44 is provided in the drum 42. The tapping member 44 strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 30. Specifically, the hitting member 44 has a plate shape and hits a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface.

  The rotation shaft 46 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating shaft 46 is horizontal. End faces parallel and perpendicular to the central axis are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively. However, FIG. 6 shows an end face not including the hole 42a. The central axis of the rotation shaft 46 coincides with the central axis of the drum 42. That is, the drum 42 and the rotation shaft 46 have the same central axis. However, the rotating shaft 46 rotates independently of the drum 42. In the present embodiment, the drum 42 and the rotation shaft 46 rotate in directions opposite to each other around the central axis.

  The hitting member 44 described above is attached around the rotation shaft 46. In the present embodiment, a plurality of tapping members 44 are provided. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the tapping member 44 is provided at a plurality of locations (5 locations in the present embodiment) along the central axis of the rotation shaft 46. As can be seen from FIG. 6, a plurality (eight in this embodiment) of tapping members 44 are radially attached around the rotation shaft 46 at each location. Each tapping member 44 is disposed so that the thickness direction thereof is orthogonal to the central axis. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 46 is, for example, not less than 15 cm and not more than 25 cm. The interval between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 and the tip of the tapping member 44 is smaller than the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 and the tip of the tapping member 24, and is, for example, 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

  In the separation unit 40, when the drum 42 and the rotating shaft 46 are rotated in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 30 is accommodated in the drum 42, the tapping member 44 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 46 generates the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper. Tap repeatedly. Then, dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper is promoted by the striking force and the like. The polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper is discharged out of the drum 42 through the holes 42a. Thereby, polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper. In this way, the separating unit 40 taps the PVC wallpaper on the plate surface of the hitting member 44 while rotating the drum 42 in a state where the PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 30 is accommodated. The polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the holes 42a is separated from the first.

  Further, a protrusion 48 (second protrusion) is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42. The protrusion 48 extends in the central axis direction of the drum 42. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the protrusion 48 extends over substantially the entire center axis direction of the drum 42. Further, the protrusion 48 has a substantially triangular cross section (see FIG. 6). The height of the protrusion 48 (the length in the radial direction of the drum 42) is smaller than the height of the protrusion 28 described above, and is, for example, 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. It is preferable that q protrusions 48 (q: an integer of 3 to 5) are provided. The q protrusions 48 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 at equal intervals. That is, on the end face (end face shown in FIG. 6) perpendicular to the center axis of the drum 42, a line segment connecting one protrusion 48 and the center axis, and a line connecting the adjacent protrusion 48 and the center axis. The angle β formed by the minute is approximately equal to 360 ° / q. In the present embodiment, q = 4 and β = 90 °.

  Subsequently, the operation of the separation apparatus 1 will be described. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that is the object to be processed is first shredded by the shredder 10. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 10 is transferred to the separator 20. For the transfer, for example, a belt conveyor or a screw conveyor can be used. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the separation unit 20 is beaten by the tapping member 24 while being accommodated in the rotating drum 22. Then, the polyvinyl chloride is dissociated from the paper piece by a striking force caused by tapping the tapping member 24 or a centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the drum 22. The polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper piece is discharged out of the drum 22 through the hole 22a. Thereby, a part of polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper after separation by the separation unit 20 is transferred to the shredding unit 30 and further shredded. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 30 is transferred to the separator 40. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the separation unit 40 is beaten by the hitting member 44 while being accommodated in the rotating drum 42. Then, the polyvinyl chloride is dissociated from the paper piece due to a striking force by striking the striking member 44 or a centrifugal force by rotating the drum 42. The polyvinyl chloride released from the paper piece is discharged out of the drum 42 through the hole 42a. This separates the remaining polyvinyl chloride from the PVC wallpaper.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the water-absorbing treatment material according to the present invention. The water-absorbing treatment material 50 is a water-absorbing treatment material that absorbs liquid, and includes a granular core portion 52 (granulated material) and a coating layer portion 54. The water-absorbing treatment material 50 is, for example, an excrement treatment material for pets such as cats and dogs.

  The granular core portion 52 is formed into a granular shape. Examples of the shape of the granular core portion 52 include a sphere, an ellipsoid, and a cylinder. The granular core part 52 has a function of absorbing and retaining a liquid such as urine. As the material of the granular core 52, paper obtained from a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper using the above-described separating device 1 (that is, paper from which polyvinyl chloride is separated) is used. The granular core part 52 may be comprised only from the said paper, and may be comprised including materials other than the said paper.

  The covering layer portion 54 covers the granular core portion 52. The covering layer part 54 may cover the entire surface of the granular core part 52, or may cover only a part of the surface of the granular core part 52. The covering layer portion 54 has a function of adhering the water-absorbing treatment materials 50 that have absorbed liquids such as urine during use to solidify them. As a material (coating material) of the coating layer portion 54, for example, paper powder and a water-absorbing polymer can be used.

  Then, an example of the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material 50 is demonstrated as one Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material by this invention. This manufacturing method includes a separation step, a granulation step, a coating step, a sizing step, and a drying step. In the separation step, the separation device 1 is used to separate paper and polyvinyl chloride contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper.

  In the granulation step, the granulated material including the paper obtained in the separation step is granulated. For granulation, for example, an extrusion granulator can be used. At this time, if necessary, water is added to the granulated material before granulation. Thereby, the granular core part 52 is obtained.

  In the coating process, a coating material is attached to the surface of the granular core 52 formed in the granulation process. The coating material can be attached, for example, by spraying or spraying using a coating apparatus. Thereby, the coating layer part 54 is obtained.

  In the sizing step, the water-absorbing material produced in the previous step is passed through a sieve having a sieve with a predetermined size. Thereby, only the water absorption processing material which satisfy | fills a predetermined specification is extracted.

  In the drying step, the water-absorbing treatment material extracted in the previous step is dried with a dryer. The moisture content of the granular core part 52 is appropriately adjusted by drying. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the moisture in the granular core portion 52 from transitioning to the coating layer portion 54 and reducing the water absorption capability, and to prevent mold and the like from being generated when the water absorption treatment material 50 is stored.

  The effect of this embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, tapping by the tapping member 24 is performed in the drum 22. This tapping promotes the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper. That is, in the separation unit 20, the polyvinyl chloride is dissociated from the paper in combination with the striking force caused by the tapping member 24 and the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the drum 22. Thereby, since polyvinyl chloride is easily separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper, the separation efficiency is improved.

  With respect to the separation unit 20, the tapping member 24 has a plate shape and is configured to strike a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface. By striking the plate surface of the striking member 24 in this way, a strong striking force can be applied to the PVC wallpaper. In addition, such a configuration also provides an advantage that the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that is the object to be processed is less likely to be entangled with the tapping member 24. On the other hand, when the hitting member has a rod shape instead of a plate shape, there is a problem that the object to be treated is entangled with the hitting member.

  The tapping member 24 is attached around the rotating shaft 26. With this configuration, the hitting member 24 can be rotated together with the rotating shaft 26. Thereby, the hitting of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by the hitting member 24 can be performed efficiently.

  The separation unit 20 is provided with a plurality of tapping members 24 that are radially attached around the rotation shaft 26. Thereby, since the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is struck by the plurality of tapping members 24 during one rotation of the rotating shaft 26, the tapping member 24 can be struck more efficiently.

  The separation unit 20 is provided with a drum 22 so as to surround the tapping member 24 and the rotation shaft 26. For this reason, a part of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the tapping member 24 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22. Thereby, in the separation unit 20, in addition to the striking force acting on the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper when struck by the tapping member 24, the frictional force acting on the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper when rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 is also reduced from the paper. Contributes to the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride. Further, a part of the PVC wallpaper is hit by the hitting member 24 and collides with the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 or the like. The impact force acting on the PVC wallpaper at this time also contributes to the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The drum 22 and the rotating shaft 26 are configured to rotate in opposite directions around the same central axis. This increases the force that the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper receives from the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22, thereby further promoting the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. However, the rotation direction of the drum 22 may be the same as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 26. In that case, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 26 is preferably larger than the rotational speed of the drum 22.

  The drum 22 is provided with a protrusion 28. When the ridge 28 is not provided, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper tends to gather under the drum 22 due to the influence of gravity. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the PVC wallpaper in the drum 22 is easily lifted by the ridges 28, thereby easily reaching the upper part of the drum 22. Such a scooping action spreads the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper over a wide range of the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22, so that the separation by the separation unit 20 is promoted. Further, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper dissociates from the paper due to the impact when the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper falls from the top of the drum 22. Further, since the protrusion 28 is provided, the PVC wallpaper struck by the striking member 24 may be rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 while being hooked on the protrusion 28. In this case, since the force is difficult to escape, the frictional force applied to the PVC wallpaper increases, thereby further promoting the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  In the present embodiment, the shredding by the shredding part 30 and the separation by the separating part 40 are performed after the shredding by the shredding part 10 and the separation by the separating part 20. Thus, by performing shredding and separation twice, the separation efficiency is further improved.

  By the way, when chopping a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper continuously for a long time, the polyvinyl chloride may be melted by heat at the time of chopping. Then, it becomes difficult to separate the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. In this respect, by chopping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper stepwise as in this embodiment, the time required for one chopping can be shortened and the melting of polyvinyl chloride can be prevented. From this point of view, shredding and separation may be performed three or more times. When the shredding and separation are performed three times each, the hole diameter of the screen in the first shredding, second shredding and third shredding is, for example, 30 mm or more and 100 mm or less, 10 mm or more and 30 mm or less, and 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less, respectively. can do.

  Regarding the separating portion 40, the tapping member 44 has a plate shape and is configured to strike a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface. By striking the plate surface of the striking member 44 in this way, a strong striking force can be applied to the PVC wallpaper. In addition, this configuration also provides an advantage that the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that is the object to be processed is less likely to be entangled with the tapping member 44.

  The tapping member 44 is attached around the rotation shaft 46. With this configuration, the hitting member 44 can be rotated together with the rotating shaft 46. Thereby, the hitting of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by the hitting member 44 can be performed efficiently.

  The separation unit 40 is provided with a plurality of tapping members 44 that are radially attached around the rotation shaft 46. Thereby, since the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is struck by the plurality of tapping members 44 during one rotation of the rotating shaft 46, the tapping member 44 can be struck more efficiently.

  The separation unit 40 is provided with a drum 42 so as to surround the tapping member 44 and the rotation shaft 46. For this reason, a part of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the tapping member 44 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42. Thereby, in the separation unit 40, in addition to the striking force that acts on the PVC wallpaper when struck by the tapping member 44, the friction force that acts on the PVC wallpaper when rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 is also reduced from the paper. Contributes to the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride. Further, a part of the PVC wallpaper is hit by the hitting member 44 and collides with the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 and the like. The impact force acting on the PVC wallpaper at this time also contributes to the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The drum 42 and the rotation shaft 46 are configured to rotate in opposite directions around the same central axis. As a result, the force that the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper receives from the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 increases, so that the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper is further promoted. However, the rotation direction of the drum 42 may be the same as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 46. In that case, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 46 is preferably larger than the rotational speed of the drum 42.

  The distance between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 and the tip of the tapping member 44 is smaller than the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 and the tip of the tapping member 24. That is, in the separation unit 20 that processes a relatively large PVC wallpaper piece, the distance between the drum 22 and the tapping member 24 is relatively large, and in the separation unit 40 that processes a relatively small PVC wallpaper piece, the drum 42 and the tapping member 44. Is relatively small. Thus, by setting the said space | interval according to the magnitude | size of a process target object, moderate friction force can be given with respect to a process target object in any separation part. However, it is not essential that the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 and the tip of the tapping member 44 be smaller than the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 and the tip of the tapping member 24.

  The drum 42 is provided with a protrusion 48. When the protrusion 48 is not provided, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper tends to gather under the drum 42 due to the influence of gravity. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the PVC wallpaper in the drum 42 is easily lifted up by the protrusions 48, so that it easily reaches the upper part of the drum 42. Such a scooping action spreads the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper over a wide range of the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42, so that the separation by the separation unit 40 is promoted. In addition, the impact of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper falling from the top of the drum 42 promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. Further, since the protrusion 48 is provided, the PVC wallpaper struck by the striking member 44 may be rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 42 while being caught by the protrusion 48. In this case, since the force is difficult to escape, the frictional force applied to the PVC wallpaper increases, thereby further promoting the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The height of the ridge 48 is smaller than the height of the ridge 28. That is, the height of the protrusion 28 is relatively large in the separation unit 20 that processes a relatively large PVC wallpaper piece, and the height of the protrusion 48 is relatively large in the separation unit 40 that processes a relatively small PVC wallpaper piece. small. In this way, by setting the height of the protrusions according to the size of the processing object, the scooping action of the processing object by the protrusions can be sufficiently exerted in any separation part. However, it is not essential to make the height of the protrusion 48 smaller than the height of the protrusion 28.

  In the water-absorbing treatment material 50, the paper obtained in the separation step is used as the material of the granular core portion 52. This makes it possible to effectively use the waste of PVC wallpaper and reduce paper procurement costs. Moreover, since the separation apparatus 1 excellent in separation efficiency is used in the separation step as described above, the ratio of impurities (polyvinyl chloride, etc. that could not be separated from the PVC wallpaper) mixed in the granular core portion 52 is kept small. be able to.

  Polyvinyl chloride generates dioxins when incinerated and generates chlorine gas when landfilled. Therefore, when the water-absorbing treatment material contains a large amount of polyvinyl chloride, there is a problem that an adverse effect (environmental load) on the environment is large when the water-absorbing treatment material is discarded. In particular, since the water-absorbing treatment material is a product that is often disposable, it is important to keep the environmental load at the time of disposal small. In this regard, in the water-absorbing treatment material 50, since the paper obtained by separating polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with high efficiency is used as the material, it is possible to suppress the environmental load during disposal.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. In the said embodiment, the example which shreds and isolate | separates several times was shown. However, shredding and separation may be performed once.

  In the said embodiment, the case where all the some hit | damage members 24 had the same length was illustrated. However, at least two of the plurality of tapping members 24 may have different lengths. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the plurality of tapping members 24 may include a relatively long tapping member 242 and a relatively short tapping member 244. In this example, the striking members 242 and the striking members 244 are alternately arranged at each location along the central axis of the rotation shaft 26.

  The advantages of this configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. When all of the plurality of tapping members 24 have the same length, the processing object tends to be unevenly distributed in a narrow region R1 in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 due to the wind pressure of the tapping member 24 as shown in FIG. Become. On the other hand, when the plurality of tapping members 24 have different lengths, as shown in FIG. 11, the processing object easily enters the radial inside of the rotating shaft 26, and thus is dispersed in a wider region R <b> 2. It becomes like this. Therefore, the hitting by the hitting member 24 can be performed more efficiently. That is, more processing objects can be beaten while the rotating shaft 26 makes one rotation.

  Further, in this case, the processing object can be beaten with the tip of the tapping member 24 at a plurality of positions in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 26. That is, the object to be treated can be beaten at the distal end portion of the tapping member 242 at the relatively outer side in the radial direction and at the distal end portion of the tapping member 244 at the relatively inner side in the radial direction. In this way, when hitting at the tip of the hitting member 24, the processing object collides with the corner of the tip. Therefore, hitting with the tip of the hitting member 24 is advantageous in giving a strong impact to the object to be processed. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 12, the plurality of tapping members 44 may include a relatively long tapping member 442 and a relatively short tapping member 444.

  The plurality of tapping members 24 may include three types of tapping members having different lengths. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the plurality of tapping members 24 may include a tapping member 246 that is shorter than the tapping members 244 in addition to the tapping members 242 and 244 described above. In this example, the tapping member 242, the tapping member 244, and the tapping member 246 are repeatedly arranged in this order at each location along the central axis of the rotating shaft 26. In the figure, the rotation shaft 26 rotates counterclockwise (counterclockwise). Similarly, as shown in FIG. 14, the plurality of tapping members 44 may include a tapping member 442, a tapping member 444 shorter than the tapping member 442, and a tapping member 446 shorter than the tapping member 444.

  In the above embodiment, an opening 24a (first opening) may be formed on the plate surface of the tapping member 24 as shown in FIG. In this example, a plurality of openings 24a are formed. These openings 24a are provided to reduce the air resistance when the tapping member 24 rotates. That is, when the tapping member 24 rotates, air escapes through the opening 24a, so that the air resistance received by the tapping member 24 can be reduced. Thereby, while being able to reduce the power consumption of the isolation | separation part 20, the wind pressure which a process target receives from the tapping member 24 can be restrained small. If the wind pressure is high, the object to be processed moves away from the plate surface of the hitting member 24 before hitting, which causes a weakening of the hitting force of the hitting member 24. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the wind pressure small in order to give a strong striking force to the object to be processed. Note that the opening 24a may be formed by forming substantially the whole or a part of the tapping member 24 into a net shape. That is, in that case, the mesh of the hitting member 24 corresponds to the opening 24a. A similar opening 44a (second opening) may be formed on the plate surface of the hitting member 44 as shown in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the plate surface of the hitting member 24 may be an uneven surface as shown in FIG. That is, an uneven portion 24b (first uneven portion) is formed on the plate surface of the hitting member 24 (the surface on which the object to be processed is hit). As shown by the arrows in the figure, the tapping member 24 and the rotating shaft 26 rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise). By hitting with such an uneven surface, it is possible to give a stronger impact to the object to be processed than when hitting with a flat surface. As shown in FIG. 18, a similar uneven portion 44 b (second uneven portion) may also be formed on the plate surface of the hitting member 44.

  In the said embodiment, the drum 22 showed the example which is cylindrical shape. However, the drum 22 may be tapered. The same applies to the drum 42.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the central axis of the drum 22 is horizontal is shown. However, the central axis of the drum 22 may be inclined downward from the inlet side toward the outlet side. The same applies to the drum 42.

  In the embodiment described above, an example in which the hole 22a is formed over substantially the entire drum 22 has been described. However, the hole 22 a may be formed only in a part of the drum 22. Further, the hole 22a may be formed by forming substantially the whole or a part of the drum 22 into a net shape. That is, in this case, the mesh of the drum 22 corresponds to the hole 22a. The same applies to the hole 42a.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the protrusion 28 extends over substantially the entire center axis direction of the drum 22 has been shown. However, the protrusions 28 may extend only in a part of the drum 22 in the central axis direction. The same applies to the protrusion 48.

  In the said embodiment, the protrusion 28 which has a substantially triangular cross section was illustrated. However, the protrusion 28 may have a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. The same applies to the protrusion 48.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which four protrusions 28 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 is shown. However, the number of the protrusions 28 can be an arbitrary number of 1 or more. The same applies to the protrusion 48.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the protrusion 28 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 22 is shown. However, providing the protrusion 28 is not essential. The same applies to the protrusion 48.

  In the said embodiment, the water absorption processing material 50 of the multilayer structure which consists of the granular core part 52 and the coating layer part 54 was illustrated. However, it is not essential to provide the covering layer portion 54. That is, the water absorption treatment material 50 may have a single layer structure including only the granular core portion 52.

1 Separator 10 Shredded part (first shredded part)
20 Separation part (first separation part)
22 drum (first cylindrical part)
22a hole (first hole)
24 tapping member (first tapping member)
24a opening (first opening)
24b Uneven portion (first uneven portion)
26 Rotating shaft (first rotating shaft)
28 ridges (first ridge)
30 Shredded part (second shredded part)
40 Separating part (second separating part)
42 drum (second cylindrical part)
42a hole (second hole)
44 Tapping member (second tapping member)
44a Opening (second opening)
44b Uneven portion (second uneven portion)
46 Rotation axis (second rotation axis)
48 ridge (second ridge)
50 Water-absorbing treatment material 52 Granular core (granulated product)
54 Covering layer

Claims (16)

A first shredding section for shredding a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper containing polyvinyl chloride and paper;
A first separation part for separating the polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding part,
The first separation unit includes:
A first cylindrical portion having a plurality of first holes through which the polyvinyl chloride is allowed to pass without passing the paper contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredded portion;
A plurality of plate-shaped first tapping members provided in the first cylindrical portion and tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding portion;
A first rotation axis,
The plurality of first tapping members are arranged so that the thickness direction of each first tapping member is orthogonal to the central axis at the same location along the central axis of the first rotation shaft. Is mounted radially around the rotation axis of
At least two of the plurality of first tapping members have different lengths from each other,
The first separating portion is a plate of each of the first tapping members while rotating the first cylindrical portion in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding portion is accommodated. A separation apparatus, wherein the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the first hole is separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by hitting the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with a surface.

The separation device according to claim 1 ,
The first cylindrical portion has a central axis that is the same as the first rotation shaft, and rotates around the central axis in a direction opposite to the first rotation shaft. The separation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A separation device in which a first opening is formed in the plate surface of each of the first tapping members. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A separation apparatus in which a first uneven portion is formed on the plate surface of each first tapping member. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The first separation portion is a separation device having a first protrusion provided on an inner peripheral surface of the first tubular portion and extending in a central axis direction of the first tubular portion. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A second shredding part for shredding the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper from which the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the first hole is separated by the first separating part;
A second separation part for separating the polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredding part,
The second separator is
A second cylindrical portion having a plurality of second holes through which the polyvinyl chloride passes without passing through the paper contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredded portion;
A plate-shaped second tapping member that is provided in the second cylindrical portion and taps the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredded portion;
Tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface of the second tapping member while rotating the second cylindrical portion in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredded portion is accommodated. To separate the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the second hole from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper. The separation device according to claim 6 .
The second separation unit has a second rotation axis,
The second tapping member is a separation device attached around the second rotation shaft. The separation device according to claim 7 ,
The second separation part has a plurality of the second tapping members,
The separation device in which the plurality of second tapping members are radially attached to the periphery of the second rotation shaft. The separation device according to claim 8 ,
A separation device in which at least two of the plurality of second tapping members have different lengths. The separation device according to any one of claims 7 to 9 ,
The second cylindrical portion has a central axis that is the same as the second rotation axis, and rotates around the central axis in a direction opposite to the second rotation axis. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 10 ,
A separation device in which a second opening is formed in the plate surface of the second tapping member. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 11 ,
A separation device in which a second uneven portion is formed on the plate surface of the second tapping member. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 12 ,
The second separation part is a separation device having a second protrusion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical part and extending in the central axis direction of the second cylindrical part. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 13 ,
The separation device has a smaller area in a plan view of the second hole than an area in a plan view of the first hole. A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material that absorbs liquid,
A separation step of separating the paper and the polyvinyl chloride using the separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 14 ,
A granulation step of granulating a granulated material containing the paper obtained in the separation step;
A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material, comprising: In the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material of Claim 15 ,
A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material, comprising a covering step of forming a covering layer portion covering the granulated material by attaching a coating material to the surface of the granulated material formed in the granulating step.

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