JP6175240B2 - Louver device and building - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a louver device and a building , and more particularly to a louver device formed by arranging a plurality of blade portions extending in the horizontal direction vertically and a building including the louver device .

  Generally, a louver device is set in an opening or a window of a building in order to block sunlight or adjust lighting or blindfolding while maintaining ventilation. As the plurality of blade portions included in the louver device, a strip plate or a flat plate member is often used.

  For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a louver structure using a fixed blade portion as a handrail panel provided at the tip of a veranda. Patent Document 2 below discloses a configuration in which both end portions of a long blade portion are pivotally supported and the blade portion can be swung at a desired angle via a movable mechanism.

JP 2001-59264 A JP 2010-168854 A

  However, in the fixed louver device described in Patent Document 1, the effect is limited to the shielding or blinding of solar radiation, and for example, solar radiation cannot be appropriately captured. On the other hand, the movable louver device described in Patent Document 2 can solve the problem of the fixed louver device described in Patent Document 1, but the cost is increased due to the complexity of the movable mechanism. As a result, the maintainability deteriorates. In addition, auxiliary equipment such as a movable mechanism becomes large, and this type of equipment may impair the design of the louver device that originally produces aesthetics by arranging the blade portions vertically.

  In this regard, the fixed louver device described in Patent Document 1 can solve the problem of Patent Document 2 described above by simplifying the configuration, but the upper end of the lower blade section and the upper blade section of the lower blade section. Because the part is located at the same height, it blocks out solar radiation throughout the year. Therefore, it is an opening formed substantially on the south side of the building, and is not suitable for being provided in an opening of a window or the like where it is desired to capture solar radiation depending on the season. As described above, in the conventional louver device, it is difficult to realize the shielding and capturing of solar radiation according to the season while simplifying the configuration.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a louver device and a building including the louver device that can realize the shielding and capturing of solar radiation according to the season while simplifying the configuration with a fixed blade part. To do.

  A louver device that has solved the above-mentioned problems is a louver device that is provided outside an opening formed on the south surface of a building and covers the opening, and a plurality of long plate-like blade portions extending in the lateral direction Each blade portion has an upper surface and a lower surface that are parallel to each other, and is installed in an inclined state downward from the outdoor side toward the indoor side, and is an angle formed by the lower surface and the horizontal plane. The angle is set to be larger than the highest south / middle altitude in the period set as a winter day, and the distance between the upper blade portion and the lower blade portion adjacent to the upper blade portion is The lower surface lower end portion of the blade portion is provided at least above the upper surface upper end portion of the lower blade portion, and a straight line connecting the upper surface lower end portion of the upper blade portion and the upper surface lower end portion of the lower blade portion and a horizontal plane The angle formed by Characterized in that it is set to the lowest culmination altitude is smaller than the state of the period.

  According to this louver device, since the mounting angle of each blade is set to be larger than the highest south-middle altitude in the period set as winter day, it is a winter day when the solar altitude during the day is low. However, the angle of sunlight during the day approximates the angle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade portion, so that sunlight can be taken into the room. In addition, the interval between the upper and lower blades is within the period in which the angle between the horizontal plane and the straight line connecting the lower upper edge of the upper blade and the lower upper edge of the lower blade is set as a summer day. Since it is set to be smaller than the lowest south-middle altitude, sunlight during summer daytime is blocked by the blades for a long time, and the incidence of sunlight into the room can be significantly suppressed. In this way, while simplifying the configuration with the blade portion being fixed, it is possible to shield and capture solar radiation according to the season by shielding summer solar radiation and acquiring winter solar radiation. In addition, by setting the mounting angle of each blade portion as described above, light is irregularly reflected on the lower surface of each blade portion, thereby reducing the visibility from the outside to the room, A blindfold effect is obtained. Furthermore, since the lower end of the lower surface of the upper wing is provided at least above the upper end of the upper surface of the lower wing adjacent to the upper wing, it shields sunlight from the outside brightness or from the indoor side to the outside. Can be ensured.

  In addition, a winter day is a period of about one month to two months when the solar south-middle altitude is low in one year. The winter day can be set simply based on the south-middle altitude, or can be defined by taking the temperature characteristics of the region into consideration. In addition, the summer day is a period of about one month to two months during the year when the altitude of the sun is high. The summer day can be set simply based on the south-middle altitude, or can be defined by taking into account the temperature characteristics of the region and the like.

Further, in the louver device, the blade portion has the upper surface as described above, an upper blade member having a lower surface parallel to the upper surface, and a lower blade having the lower surface and having an upper surface parallel to the lower surface. The upper blade member and the lower blade member are juxtaposed in parallel with each other in the front-rear direction from the outdoor side to the indoor side, and a predetermined amount is provided between the upper blade member and the lower blade member. Spacing gaps are provided. In this case, ventilation can be obtained also from the space | gap by forming a blade | wing part with the upper and lower blade members of an upper blade member and a lower blade member, and providing a space | gap between these. Further, the gap can increase the line-of-sight transmittance from the indoor side to the outdoor side, and further allow the diffused light to enter and improve the indoor brightness. Further, by using the blade member having the upper and lower two-stage configuration, the area where the light is reflected is doubled, and the visibility from the outdoor side to the indoor side due to the irregular reflection of the light can be further reduced.

  In the louver device, each blade member includes a lower connection surface that connects the lower end portion of the upper surface and the lower end portion of the lower surface, and an upper connection surface that connects the upper end portion of the upper surface and the upper end portion of the lower surface. The upper connection surface is formed so as to be inclined downward from the upper end portion of the upper surface toward the upper end portion of the lower surface, with the angle formed by the upper connection surface and the horizontal plane being larger than the attachment angle. In this case, by forming the upper connection surface on each blade member, the upper end side of each blade member is tapered, and the apparent area of the blade member when viewed from the sun can be made as small as possible. In this way, it is possible to increase the penetration (transparency) of sunlight particularly on winter days.

  In the louver device, the plurality of blade portions are disposed between the pair of vertical frame bodies, and the vertical frame body has at least the same front-rear width as the width of the blade portions, and the pair of vertical frame bodies. The interval of is when the direct sunlight of the sun at the highest altitude in the time set as the western daylight irradiation time in the period set as summer day is incident on the west side rear end of the east side vertical frame The direct light and the east side front end portion of the west side vertical frame body are set to intersect each other. In the time zone where the solar altitude is low, such as the West, the incident angle of sunlight is small. May be transmitted. In order to cope with such sunlight, by providing vertical frames at the above-described intervals and arranging the slats between the vertical frames, when the solar altitude is low, as a shield that prevents the incidence of light, A vertical frame can be made to function instead of the slats. Here, the “western irradiation time” refers to a certain time during which the sunlight is strong in the afternoon room. For example, the time from 16:00 onwards of summer to sunset can be set.

  Further, in the louver device, an outdoor reflection part that reflects the direct sunlight to the outdoor side is formed on the upper surface of the blade part. In this case, it is possible to reflect the sunlight that has entered the portion where the outdoor reflection portion is provided on the upper surface of the blade portion, to the outdoor side by the outdoor reflection portion. Thereby, sunlight (reflected light) reflected by the upper surface of the blade portion can be prevented from entering the room. It can also be expected that the amount of reflected light irradiating the lower surface of the upper wing portion of the wing portion will be reduced, and the upper wing portion will be warmed by the reflected light and become a radiator (heat source). Can be suppressed. Further, the visibility from the outdoor side to the indoor side can be further reduced by the reflected light to the outdoor side.

  In the louver device, the outdoor reflection portion is formed by providing a plurality of convex portions extending in the longitudinal direction of the blade portion in the short direction of the blade portion. In this case, since the surface area of the upper surface of the blade portion is increased by the convex portions provided in a plurality of strips, it is easy to quickly release the heat accumulated on the upper surface of the blade portion by sunlight. Thereby, it can suppress more effectively that a blade | wing part becomes a radiator.

  In the louver device, the convex portion has a first inclined surface portion that has a downward gradient from the indoor side toward the outdoor side with respect to the horizontal plane. In this case, the first inclined surface portion is provided to be inclined so as to face the outdoor side. Thereby, in the first inclined surface portion, it is possible to increase the possibility of reflecting incident sunlight to the outdoor side.

  Further, in the louver device, the convex portion has a first inclined surface portion and a second inclined surface portion formed on the indoor side of the first inclined surface portion, and the second inclined surface portion is the first inclined surface portion. The upper end portion of the inclined surface portion is connected to the lower end portion of the first inclined surface portion of the other adjacent convex portion. By providing the second inclined surface portion on the convex portion in this way, sunlight (reflected light) incident on the first inclined surface portion and reflected by the first inclined surface portion is reflected in the second inclined surface portion. Further, it is possible to increase the possibility of reflection and escape to the outdoor side. Moreover, the possibility that sunlight (reflected light) incident on the second inclined surface portion and reflected by the second inclined surface portion is further reflected by the first inclined surface portion to escape to the outdoor side can be increased. . Therefore, it can suppress more effectively that the sunlight reflected on the upper surface of a blade | wing part injects indoors.

Further, in the louver device, the outdoor reflection portion is formed by extending a convex curved portion and a concave curved portion that are alternately repeated in the short direction of the blade portion in the longitudinal direction of the blade portion. In this case, sunlight incident on the upper surface of the blade part is irregularly reflected by the convex or concave curved surface. Since a part of the light diffusely reflected in this way is reflected to the outdoor side, it is possible to suppress the sunlight reflected by the upper surface of the blade part from entering the room. In addition, when this type of blade part is manufactured by extrusion molding or the like, the mold has a shape in which curved parts are alternately provided in this manner, that is, a continuous curved surface having no bent part (pointed part). The shape is preferred, whereby the blade portion can be manufactured by low cost extrusion molding. The building according to the present invention includes the louver device as described above.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve the shielding and capturing of solar radiation according to the seasons, while simplifying the configuration with the blades being fixed.

It is a perspective view which shows the louver apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the louver apparatus of FIG. (A) is a side view which shows the angle and space | interval of a blade | wing part, (b) is a top view of a louver apparatus. (A) is a side sectional view showing the shielding state of solar radiation in the period set as summer day, (b) is a side sectional view showing the solar radiation capturing state in the period set as winter day, (c) is summer day It is a plane sectional view which shows the shielding state of the western day in the set period. It is a graph which shows the time change of the solar radiation transmittance in the summer solstice and the winter solstice at the time of using the louver apparatus of FIG. It is a side view of the louver device concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view which shows the angle and space | interval of the blade | wing part of the louver apparatus of FIG. It is a side view of the blade | wing part of the louver apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is an enlarged side view of the outdoor reflection part of the louver apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example in which the outdoor reflection part of the louver apparatus of FIG. 8 reflects sunlight. It is an enlarged side view of the outdoor reflection part of the louver apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the louver device 1 is provided on the outdoor A1 side of a window (opening) 3 formed on a wall surface 2 of a building, covers the window 3, and the window 3 and the room It is an apparatus for suitably maintaining the solar radiation transmittance for A2 according to the season. The louver device 1 of this embodiment is installed in the window part 3 of the wall surface 2 facing south. The wall surface 2 is not limited to the case facing the south, and may be displaced by about 10 ° from the south to the east or west.

  The louver device 1 includes a plurality of blade portions 4 extending in the lateral direction and a plurality of vertical frame bodies 6 to which the plurality of blade portions 4 are fixed. Each blade part 4 has a flat plate shape that is long in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of blade parts 4 are arranged vertically and horizontally. The blade portion 4 is preferably formed of a material having a small heat capacity, and can be made of aluminum or wood, for example. Further, a plurality of blade portions 4 arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the vertical direction are disposed between the pair of vertical frame bodies 6 and 6 and are sandwiched and fixed by the vertical frame bodies 6 and 6. The vertical frames 6 are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction along the wall surface 2).

  A support member 7 is fixed to a building shaft (not shown), and this support member 7 extends vertically from the wall surface 2 toward the outdoor side A1 (see FIG. 2). Each vertical frame body 6 is supported in a state of being separated from the wall surface 2 by a predetermined distance by being fixed to these support members 7. Thus, the louver device 1 is a fixed louver device in which a plurality of vertical frame bodies 6 and a plurality of blade portions 4 are fixed. Therefore, this louver device 1 does not have the movable mechanism of the blade part 4.

  FIG. 3A is a side view showing the angle and interval of the blade portion 4. In the following description, among the arbitrary pair of blade portions 4 and 4 adjacent to each other, the upper blade portion 4 is described as the blade portion 10 and the lower blade portion 4 is described as the blade portion 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the blade portion 10 and the blade portion 11 are parallel to each other, and are installed in a state of being inclined downward from the outdoor A1 side toward the indoor A2 side. A predetermined interval is provided between the blade portion 10 and the blade portion 11.

  The wing | blade part 10 has the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b which are mutually parallel. The lower end portion D1 of the upper surface 10a and the lower end portion E1 of the lower surface 10b are connected by a connecting surface 10c extending rearward and downward from the lower end portion D1 and a connecting surface 10d extending rearward and substantially horizontally from the lower end portion E1. The connecting surface 10c and the connecting surface 10d are connected at the linear rear end H1. The upper end F1 of the upper surface 10a and the upper end G1 of the lower surface 10b are connected by a connecting surface 10e extending forward and substantially horizontally from the upper end F1 and a connecting surface 10f extending forward and upward from the upper end G1. The connecting surface 10e and the connecting surface 10f are connected at the straight front end J1.

  The blade part 11 has the same configuration as the blade part 10. That is, the blade portion 11 has an upper surface 11a and a lower surface 11b that are parallel to each other. Further, the connecting surfaces 11c and 11d that connect the lower end portion D2 of the upper surface 11a and the lower end portion E2 of the lower surface 11b, and the upper end portion F2 of the upper surface 11a. And connecting surfaces 11e and 11f that connect the upper end G1 of the lower surface 11b, and a linear rear end H2 and front end J2.

  Here, in the louver device 1 of the present embodiment, the attachment angle α of the blade portion 10 and the blade portion 11 is set to a state where it is larger than the highest south and middle altitude within the period set as a winter day. Yes. In other words, the angle α between each of the upper and lower surfaces 10a, 10b of the blade portion 10 and the upper and lower surfaces 11a, 11b of the blade portion 11 and the horizontal plane C is higher than the highest south and middle altitude within the period set as a winter day. It is set to a large state.

  The winter day is a period of about 1 to 2 months where the solar south-high altitude is low in the year, and can be set based on the south-high altitude. It is also possible to prescribe it by taking into account the local temperature characteristics. For example, the sun has the lowest altitude in the middle of the year on the winter solstice day, but it is possible to set one month before and after the winter solstice as a winter day, and the midwinter day after the winter solstice day. In areas such as Tokyo, where there are many (the average daily temperature is low), it is possible to set about three months after the winter solstice as a winter day. In addition, in areas such as Hokkaido where the midwinter day continues especially for a long time, it is possible to set two months before and after the winter solstice as a winter day.

  Furthermore, the space | interval of the blade | wing part 10 and the blade | wing part 11 satisfy | fills the following conditions. That is, the lower end portion E1 of the lower surface 10b of the blade portion 10 is provided at least above the upper end portion F2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade portion 11. Then, the angle β formed by the imaginary straight line B connecting the upper end G1 of the lower surface 10b of the blade 10 and the lower end D2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade 11 and the horizontal plane C is the lowest in the period set as a summer day. It is set to be smaller than the south-middle altitude.

  Note that a summer day is a period of about one to two months during the year when the solar south-high altitude is high, and can be set based on the south-high altitude. It is also possible to specify the medium altitude considering the temperature characteristics of the area. For example, the highest sun altitude in the year is the day of the summer solstice, but it is possible to set one month before and after the summer solstice as a summer day. In areas such as Tokyo where there are many days, it is possible to set a summer day for about three months after the summer solstice. Also, in areas such as Hokkaido where the midsummer days are relatively short, it is possible to set only August when the midsummer days are concentrated as summer days.

  Table 1 shows an example of the highest south-middle altitude within a period set as a winter day and the lowest south-middle altitude within a period set as a summer day. The unit of angle α and angle β in Table 1 is “° (degrees)”. As shown in Table 1, according to each area where the building is built (for example, the latitude of each area), the winter south and middle altitudes corresponding to the angles α and β may be set appropriately. it can. Note that these values can be set based on, for example, weather data at each location.

  More specifically, the configuration of the blades 10 and 11 will be described. The lower end D1 of the upper surface 10a, the lower end E1 of the lower surface 10b, the lower end D2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade 11 and the lower end of the lower surface 11b. E2 is arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction in a side view. Further, the upper end F1 of the upper surface 10a, the upper end G1 of the lower surface 10b, the upper end F2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade 11 and the upper end G2 of the lower surface 11b of the blade 10 are aligned in a straight line in the vertical direction when viewed from the side. It is out. The width x2 in the front-rear direction of the lower connection surfaces 10c, 10d, 11c, 11d is equal to the width x2 in the front-rear direction of the upper connection surfaces 10e, 10f, 11e, 11f.

  Further, the inclination of the connecting surface 10f of the blade 10 and the connecting surface 11c of the blade 11 is such that the straight line B connecting the upper end G1 of the lower surface 10b of the blade 10 and the lower end D2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade 11 is connected. It is equal to the slope of. In other words, the front end portion J1 of the blade portion 10, the upper end portion G1 of the lower surface 10b, the lower end portion D2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade portion 11, and the rear end portion H2 are aligned on a straight line (on the straight line B). In addition, the inclination of a connection surface can be changed suitably. The front end portion J1 of the blade portion 10 and the rear end portion H2 of the blade portion 11 may not be aligned on the straight line B. For example, the front end portion J1 of the blade portion 10 may be located behind the straight line B (inside the room A2), and the rear end portion H2 of the blade portion 11 is located ahead of the straight line B (outdoor A1 side). May be.

In the blade portions 10 and 11 having the above-described configuration, the front-rear dimension x of each of the blade portions 10 and 11 and the lower end portion of the blade portion 11 from the upper end portion (the front end portion J1 or the upper end portion F1) of the blade portion 10. Between the height dimension y to (the rear end H2 or the lower end E2),
y = x · tanβ
The relationship is established.

Further, between the width x1 in the front-rear direction of each of the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b of the blade portion 10, the upper surface 11a and the lower surface 11b of the blade portion 11, and the height dimension y1,
y1 = x1 · tanα
The relationship is established.

Further, between the width x2 in the front-rear direction of each of the connecting surfaces 10c, 10d, 10e, and 10f of the blade portion 10 and the connecting surfaces 11c, 11d, 11e, and 11f of the blade portion 11, and the height dimension y2,
y2 = x2 · tanβ
The relationship is established.

  FIG. 3B is a plan view of the louver device 1. As shown in FIG. 3B, each vertical frame 6 has at least a front-rear width w <b> 2 that is the same as the width of the blade portion 4. Further, the interval w1 between the pair of vertical frame bodies 6 and 6 indicates that the solar direct light L1 at the highest altitude in the time set as the western irradiation time in the period set as the summer day is the east side vertical frame. When the light is incident on the west side rear end portion M of the body 6, the direct light L <b> 1 and the east side front end portion N of the west side vertical frame body 6 intersect with each other. Here, the “western irradiation time” refers to a certain time during which the sunlight is strong in the afternoon room. For example, the time from 16:00 onwards of summer to sunset can be set.

  According to the louver device 1 having the above-described configuration, the attachment angle β of each blade portion 4 is set to be larger than the highest south and middle altitude within the period set as a winter day. Even on a winter day when the solar altitude is low, the angle of sunlight during the day approximates to the angle of the upper surfaces 10a, 11a and the lower surfaces 10b, 11b of the blades 10, 11, thereby allowing sunlight to be taken into the room. (See FIG. 4 (b)). Further, the interval between the blade portions 10 and 11 arranged vertically is the angle β formed between the horizontal plane C and the straight line B connecting the upper end portion G1 of the lower surface 10b of the blade portion 10 and the lower end portion D2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade portion 11. Is set to be smaller than the lowest south-middle altitude in the period set as a summer day, so the sunlight during the summer day is blocked by the blades 4 for a long time, Can be remarkably suppressed (see FIG. 4A). In this way, while the structure of the blade portion 4 is fixed and simplified, the solar radiation in the summer and the solar radiation in the winter are acquired and the solar radiation is shielded and captured according to the season. Further, by setting the mounting angle β of each blade portion 4 in this way, light is irregularly reflected on the lower surfaces 10b and 11b of each blade portion 4, and thereby visibility from the outdoor A1 side to the indoor A2 is visible. Can be reduced, and a blindfold effect can be obtained. Furthermore, since the lower end E1 of the lower surface 10b of the blade portion 10 is provided at least above the upper end portion F2 of the upper surface 11a of the blade portion 11, the outdoor brightness and the indoor side can be used outdoors while shielding sunlight. Visibility is ensured. Furthermore, the ventilation property indoors and outdoors is ensured.

  Here, even when the wing plate portions 4 are installed at the intervals described above, the sunlight is small in the time zone when the solar altitude is low, such as the western day, so that the sunlight is radiated on the wing plate portion 4 on a summer day. It may be possible to pass through. However, as described above, the interval w1 between the pair of vertical frames 6 and 7 includes the direct sunlight L1 of the sun at the highest altitude at the time set as the western irradiation time among the time set as the summer day. Since the direct light L1 and the east front end N of the west vertical frame 6 intersect with each other when entering the west rear end M of the east vertical frame 6, the solar altitude is When it is low, the vertical frame body 6 can be made to function instead of the wing plate portion 4 as a shield that prevents light from entering.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing temporal changes in solar radiation transmittance at the summer solstice and the winter solstice when the louver device 1 is used. In FIG. 5, the case where the wall surface 2 faces true south is defined as “azimuth 0”, and the case where the wall surface 2 is deviated from true south by about 10 ° from the east side or the west side is represented by “azimuth +10” and “azimuth −10”, respectively. " As shown in FIG. 5, at the summer solstice, it can be seen that the solar radiation transmittance is 0% throughout the daytime, so that the summer solar radiation can be reliably shielded. That is, in FIG. 5, all the white circles, triangles, and square plots overlap at the 0% position. Moreover, in the winter solstice, the solar radiation transmittance is 40% to 80% throughout the daytime, and it can be seen that winter solar radiation can be captured well. Table 2 shows the solar radiation transmittance at each time in the case of “azimuth 0”.

  FIG. 6 is a side view of the louver device 1A according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a side view showing the angles and intervals of the blade portions 4A of the louver device 1A. The louver device 1A according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is different from the louver device 1 shown in FIG. 2 in that instead of the blade portion 4, each blade portion 4A includes two blade members 20 and 21. Is a point.

  More specifically, each blade 4A has an upper surface 20a, an upper blade member 20 having a lower surface 20b parallel to the upper surface 20a, a lower surface 21b, and an upper surface parallel to the lower surface 21b. And a lower blade member 21 having 21a. These upper blade member 20 and lower blade member 21 have the same outer shape.

  The blade member 20 includes a lower connection surface 20c that connects the lower end portion P1 of the upper surface 20a and the lower end portion Q1 of the lower surface 20b, and an upper connection surface that connects the upper end portion R1 of the upper surface 20a and the upper end portion S1 of the lower surface 20b. 20d. The upper connecting surface 20d is formed to be inclined downward from the upper end portion R1 of the upper surface 20a toward the upper end portion S1 of the lower surface 20b in a state where the angle γ formed by the upper connecting surface 20d and the horizontal plane C is larger than the attachment angle β. Has been. The lower connecting surface 20c is parallel to the upper connecting surface 20d. In this way, the upper end R1 side of the blade member 20 has a tapered shape. The upper end R1 has a sharp pointed shape when viewed from the side.

  Similar to the upper blade member 20, the blade member 21 includes a lower connecting surface 21c that connects the lower end portion P2 of the upper surface 21a and the lower end portion Q2 of the lower surface 21b, and the upper end portions R2 of the upper surface 21a and the upper ends of the lower surface 21b. The upper connection surface 21d which connects part S2 is provided. The upper connecting surface 21d is formed so as to be inclined downward from the upper end portion R2 of the upper surface 21a toward the upper end portion S2 of the lower surface 21b, with the angle γ formed by the upper connecting surface 21d and the horizontal plane C being larger than the mounting angle β. Has been. The lower connecting surface 21c is parallel to the upper connecting surface 21d. In this way, the upper end R2 side of the blade member 21 has a tapered shape. The upper end R2 has a sharp pointed shape when viewed from the side.

  Further, the upper and lower blade members 20 and 21 are installed at the same height and parallel to each other, and a gap T is provided between the upper and lower blade members 20 and 21 at a predetermined interval.

  A blade portion 4A composed of these two blade members 20 and 21 corresponds to one blade portion 4 in the louver device 1 of the first embodiment. That is, the upper surface 20 a of the upper blade member 20 corresponds to the upper surfaces 10 a and 11 a of the blade portion 4 in the louver device 1, and the lower surface 21 b of the lower blade member 21 corresponds to the lower surfaces 10 b and 11 b of the blade portion 4 in the louver device 1. To do. In other words, when the gap T between the blade members 20 and 21 is closed, the blade portion 4A has the same shape as the blade portion 4 of the louver device 1. That is, the outline of the blade part 4A composed of the blade members 20 and 21 is substantially the same as the outline of the blade part 4 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the blade portion 4A and the blade portion 4 of the first embodiment have the same function with respect to shielding solar radiation in summer and capturing solar radiation in winter.

  Also in the blade portion 4A having the above-described configuration, the attachment angle α of the upper blade member 20 and the lower blade member 21 is set to be larger than the highest south-middle altitude within the period set as a winter day. Further, the lower end portion Q2 of the lower surface 21b of the lower blade member 21 is provided at least above the upper end portion R1 of the upper surface 20a of the upper blade member 20 positioned therebelow. The angle β formed by the straight line B connecting the upper end S2 of the lower surface 21b of the lower blade member 21 and the lower end P1 of the upper surface 20a of the upper blade member 20 positioned below the lower surface 21b is set as a summer day. It is set to be smaller than the lowest south-middle altitude during that period.

  According to this louver device 1A, the same operation and effect as the louver device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the blade portion 4A is composed of the upper and lower blade members of the upper blade member 20 and the lower blade member 21. By providing a gap T between them, ventilation can also be obtained from the gap T. In addition, the gap T can increase the line-of-sight transmittance from the room A2 side to the outdoor room A1, and can further improve the brightness of the room by allowing the diffused light to enter. In addition, by using the blade members 20 and 21 having the upper and lower two-stage configuration, the area where light is reflected is doubled, and visibility from the outdoor side to the indoor side due to irregular reflection of light and the like can be further reduced.

  Further, the upper connecting surfaces 20d and 21d are formed on the blade members 20 and 21, respectively, so that the upper end portions R1 and R2 of the blade members 20 and 21 are tapered, and the blade members 20 and 20 when viewed from the sun. The apparent area of 21 can be made as small as possible. In this way, it is possible to increase the penetration (transparency) of sunlight particularly on winter days.

  FIG. 8 is a side view of the blade portion 4B of the louver device 1B according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of the outdoor reflection portion 8 of the louver device 1B. The louver device 1B of the present embodiment is different from the louver device 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that an outdoor reflecting portion 8 that reflects the direct sunlight to the outdoor A1 side on the upper surface is used instead of the blade portion 4 in the louver device 1. It is the point provided with the formed blade | wing part 4B. Other configurations such as the angle and interval of the blade portion 4B are the same as those of the louver device 1. The outdoor reflection portion 8 may be formed integrally with the main body portion of the blade portion 4B, or formed by subjecting a member different from the main body portion to the upper surfaces 10a and 10b of the blade portion 4 in the louver device 1. It may be.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the outdoor reflection portion 8 is configured such that the convex portion 8A extending in the longitudinal direction (lateral direction) of the blade portion 4B is replaced with the short direction (outdoor A1 side and indoor A2 side) of the blade portion 4B. Are formed in a plurality of strips in the opposite direction). In the present embodiment, the convex portions 8A provided on the upper surface of the blade portion 4B have the same shape. Here, among the convex portions 8A, the description will be made by paying attention to one convex portion 8A. The convex portion 8A has an inclined surface portion (first inclined surface portion) 8B provided on the outdoor A1 side and the indoor A2 side. And an inclined surface portion (second inclined surface portion) 8C. The inclined surface portion 8B is inclined at an angle φ with respect to the horizontal plane C so as to have a downward gradient from the indoor A2 side toward the outdoor A1 side with respect to the horizontal plane C. The inclined surface portion 8B and the inclined surface portion 8C of the convex portion 8A are connected at a common upper end portion J. Further, the lower end of the inclined surface portion 8B is connected at the lower end K common to the inclined surface portion 8C of the other convex portion 8A adjacent to the outdoor A1 side. Similarly, the lower end of the inclined surface portion 8C is connected at the lower end K common to the inclined surface portion 8B of the other convex portion 8A adjacent to the room A2 side. That is, the outdoor reflection part 8 is formed such that a plurality of convex parts 8A are continuous in the short direction of the blade part 4B.

  The size of the convex portion 8A is not particularly limited, but if it is too large, the effect of taking winter sunlight into the room A2 may be hindered. Therefore, in order to effectively capture the solar radiation in winter while suppressing the incidence of reflected sunlight from the summer sunlight into the room A2, the height of the convex portion 8A, that is, the lower end on the outdoor A1 side of the convex portion 8A. The distance d between the plane I along both the lower end K of the inclined surface portion 8B and the lower end of the room A2 (the lower end K of the inclined surface portion 8C) and the upper end J of the convex portion 8A is about 2 mm, for example. It is preferable to do.

  Next, a mechanism in which the outdoor reflecting portion 8 configured as described above reflects sunlight incident on the upper surface of the blade portion 4B to the outdoor A1 side will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the outdoor reflection unit 8 of the louver device 1B reflects sunlight. FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating an example in which the outdoor reflection unit 8 reflects the sunlight L2 directly to the outdoor A1 side, and FIG. 10B is a two-stage reflection of the sunlight L3 by the outdoor reflection unit 8. It is a figure which shows the example reflected by the outdoor A1 side.

First, FIG. 10A will be described. In this example, between the incident angle θ1 with respect to the horizontal plane C of the sunlight L2 and the inclination angle φ of the inclined surface portion 8B,
θ1 + φ> 90 ° (1)
The relationship is established. When such a condition is satisfied, the relationship of “θ2 (= 180 ° −θ1−φ) <90 °” is always satisfied with respect to the incident angle θ2 on the indoor A2 side with respect to the inclined surface portion 8B of the sunlight L2, and therefore FIG. As shown to (a), the sunlight L2 which injected with incident angle (theta) 1 will reflect on the outdoor A1 side reliably in the inclined surface part 8B. That is, the outdoor reflection part 8 reliably reflects sunlight incident at an incident angle θ1 that satisfies the relational expression (1) in relation to the inclination angle φ of the inclined surface part 8B to the outdoor A1 side.

  By using the relational expression (1), it is possible to provide the inclined surface portion 8B so as to reliably reflect sunlight incident at a specific angle toward the outdoor A1 side. That is, for example, when the outdoor reflecting portion 8 is provided so as to reliably reflect sunlight from the sun located at the south-central altitude of Tokyo on a summer day to the outdoor A1 side, If the inclined surface portion 8B is provided so that the incident angle of light is θ1 and the inclination angle φ satisfies the above relational expression (1), the reflection effect is satisfactorily exhibited on summer days before and after the summer solstice.

  Thus, the sunlight (reflected light) reflected by the upper surface of the blade part 4B is incident on the room A2 by reflecting the sunlight incident on the outdoor reflection part 8 provided on the upper surface of the blade part 4B to the outdoor A1 side. Can be suppressed. It can also be expected that the amount of reflected light irradiating the lower surface of the blade portion 4B above the blade portion 4B will be reduced, and the upper blade portion 4B will be warmed by the reflected light to become a radiator (heat source). Can be suppressed. Moreover, the visibility from the outdoor A1 side to the indoor A2 can be further reduced by the glare of the reflected light toward the outdoor A1 side.

  Moreover, since the surface area of the upper surface of the blade part 4B is increased by providing a plurality of convex portions 8A in the short direction of the blade part 4B, heat accumulated on the upper surface of the blade part 4B by sunlight. Can be released quickly. Thereby, it is more effectively suppressed that blade part 4B becomes a radiator.

  The inclined surface portion 8B is provided with an inclination angle φ so as to face the outdoor A1 side. Thereby, in the inclined surface portion 8B, it is possible to increase the possibility of reflecting incident sunlight to the outdoor A1 side.

  Next, FIG. 10B will be described. As described above, the outdoor reflecting portion 8 is formed such that a plurality of convex portions 8A are continuous in the short direction of the blade portion 4B. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10B, sunlight L3 (reflected light) incident on and reflected from the inclined surface portion 8B of the convex portion 8A is temporarily adjacent to the outdoor A1 side. Even when it hits the inclined surface portion 8C of 8A, when the reflected light hits the inclined surface portion 8C at a shallow angle, the sunlight L3 reflected by the inclined surface portion 8C is not the indoor A2 side but the outdoor A1 side. It becomes easy to miss for. Similarly, when the traveling direction of the sunlight L3 in FIG. 10B is reversed, that is, other convex portions where the sunlight first incident on the inclined surface portion 8C of the convex portion 8A is adjacent to the indoor A2 side. Even when it hits the inclined surface portion 8B of 8A, the possibility that sunlight is further reflected at the inclined surface portion 8B and escapes to the outdoor A1 side is increased.

  As described above, the louver device 1B according to the third embodiment has been described, but even when the plurality of convex portions are not provided so as to be continuous in the short direction of the blade portion like the outdoor reflection portion 8 of the present embodiment, Since sunlight that is incident at a predetermined angle on at least the surface of the convex portion on the outdoor A1 side can be reflected to the outdoor A1 side, the sunlight reflected on the upper surface of the blade portion is suppressed from entering the indoor A2. it can.

  FIG. 11 is an enlarged side view of the outdoor reflection unit 9 of the louver device 1C according to the fourth embodiment. The louver device 1C according to the present embodiment is different from the louver device 1B shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in that convex portions that are alternately repeated in the short direction of the blade portion 4C instead of the outdoor reflection portion 8 in the louver device 1B. It is the point provided with the outdoor reflection part 9 formed by extending 9-shaped curved part 9A and the concave curved part 9B in the longitudinal direction of the blade | wing part 4C. Other configurations such as the angle and interval of the blade portion 4C are the same as those of the louver devices 1 and 1B.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the outdoor reflecting portion 9 is provided in a shape such as a sine curve in which a convex curved portion 9A and a concave curved portion 9B are periodically continued. The convex curved portion 9A and the concave curved portion 9B are connected at the inflection point V. Here, an angle formed by the tangent plane U and the horizontal plane C at the inflection point V of the curved surface formed by the curved portions 9A and 9B is denoted by ψ.

  Sunlight incident on the upper surface of the blade portion 4C is irregularly reflected by the curved surface continuously formed by these curved portions 9A and 9B, but a part of the light is reflected to the outdoor A1 side. Therefore, similarly to the louver device 1B described above, it is possible to suppress the sunlight reflected by the upper surface of the blade portion 4C from entering the room A2. Further, when manufacturing this type of blade portion by extrusion molding or the like, the mold has a shape in which the curved portions 9A and 9B are alternately provided in this way, that is, a continuous portion having no bent portion (pointed portion). A curved surface shape is preferable, and this has the advantage that the blade portion can be manufactured by low-cost extrusion molding.

  In addition, in the outdoor reflection part 9, in order to more effectively suppress the incidence of sunlight into the room A2, the period in which the bending parts 9A and 9B are repeated is shortened and the amplitude of the curved shape is increased. Etc. are effective. By doing in this way, the surface which faces the outdoor A1 side among the curved surfaces formed by the bending portions 9A and 9B can be inclined so as to face the outdoor A1 side. That is, the angle ψ can be increased. Thereby, the possibility of reflecting sunlight incident near the inflection point V toward the outdoor A1 side can be increased.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A, 1B, 1C ... Louver apparatus, 2 ... Wall surface (south surface), 3 ... Window part (opening part), 4, 4A, 4B, 4C ... Blade | wing part, 6 ... Vertical frame, 8, 9 ... Outdoor reflection , 8A ... convex portion, 8B ... inclined surface portion (first inclined surface portion), 8C ... inclined surface portion (second inclined surface portion), 9A ... convex curved portion, 9B ... concave curved portion, 10 ... upward , 11 ... lower blade, 10a, 11a ... upper surface, 10b, 11b ... lower surface, 20 ... upper blade member, 21 ... lower blade member, A1 ... outdoor, A2 ... indoor, B ... straight line, C ... horizontal plane , J: upper end, K: lower end, T: gap, α: mounting angle, β: angle formed by a straight line and a horizontal plane.

Claims (10)

A louver device that is provided outside the opening formed on the south surface of the building and covers the opening,
A plurality of long flat plate-like blade portions extending in the lateral direction are formed side by side,
The plurality of blade portions are disposed between a pair of vertical frames,
The vertical frame has at least the same front-rear width as the width of the blade part,
The distance between the pair of vertical frames is the west-side rear edge of the east-side vertical frame that reflects the direct sunlight from the sun at the highest altitude during the time set as the western-day irradiation time in the period set as the summer day. The louver device , wherein the direct light and the east side front end of the west side vertical frame intersect with each other when being incident on the louver. Each blade is
    Having upper and lower surfaces parallel to each other;
    Installed in a state where it is inclined downward from the outdoor side toward the indoor side, and the mounting angle, which is the angle formed by the lower surface and the horizontal plane, is greater than the highest south-middle altitude within the period set as a winter day Is set to
  The distance between the upper blade portion and the lower blade portion adjacent to the upper blade portion is
    A lower lower end portion of the upper blade portion is provided at least above an upper upper end portion of the lower blade portion; and
    An angle formed by a horizontal plane and a straight line connecting the lower surface upper end portion of the upper blade portion and the upper surface lower end portion of the lower blade portion is smaller than the lowest south and middle altitude within the period set as the summer day. Set to state
The louver device according to claim 1. A louver device that is provided outside the opening formed on the south surface of the building and covers the opening,
A plurality of long flat plate-like blade portions extending in the lateral direction are formed side by side,
Each blade is
Having upper and lower surfaces parallel to each other;
Installed in a state where it is inclined downward from the outdoor side toward the indoor side, and the mounting angle, which is the angle formed by the lower surface and the horizontal plane, is greater than the highest south-middle altitude within the period set as a winter day Is set to
The distance between the upper blade portion and the lower blade portion adjacent to the upper blade portion is
A lower lower end portion of the upper blade portion is provided at least above an upper upper end portion of the lower blade portion; and
A state in which an angle formed by a straight line connecting a lower surface upper end portion of the upper wing portion and an upper surface lower end portion of the lower wing portion and a horizontal plane is smaller than the lowest south and middle altitude within a period set as a summer day. is set to,
The blade part is
An upper blade member having the upper surface and a lower surface parallel to the upper surface;
A lower blade member having the lower surface and having an upper surface parallel to the lower surface,
The upper blade member and the lower blade member are arranged in parallel with each other in the front-rear direction from the outdoor side to the indoor side, and a predetermined distance is provided between the upper blade member and the lower blade member. The louver device is provided with an air gap . Each blade member includes a lower connection surface that connects the lower end portion of the upper surface and the lower end portion of the lower surface, and an upper connection surface that connects the upper end portion of the upper surface and the upper end portion of the lower surface,
The upper connection surface is formed so as to be inclined downward from the upper end portion of the upper surface toward the upper end portion of the lower surface, with an angle formed by the upper connection surface and a horizontal plane being larger than the attachment angle. The louver device according to claim 3 . The louver device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein an outdoor reflection part that reflects direct sunlight from the sun to the outdoor side is formed on an upper surface of the blade part. 6. The louver device according to claim 5, wherein the outdoor reflection portion is formed by providing a plurality of convex portions extending in the longitudinal direction of the blade portion in the short direction of the blade portion. The louver device according to claim 6, wherein the convex portion has a first inclined surface portion that is inclined downward from the indoor side toward the outdoor side with respect to a horizontal plane. The convex portion has the first inclined surface portion and a second inclined surface portion formed on the indoor side of the first inclined surface portion,
The said 2nd inclined surface part connects the upper end part of the said 1st inclined surface part, and the lower end part of the said 1st inclined surface part of the said other adjacent convex-shaped part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The louver device described. The outdoor reflection portion is formed by extending a convex curved portion and a concave curved portion that are alternately repeated in the short direction of the blade portion in the longitudinal direction of the blade portion. The louver device according to claim 5. A building comprising the louver device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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