JP6175337B2 - Track repair method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a track repair method for a ballast track in which a sleeper is laid on the ballast, and to a track repair method for a ballast track in which the ballast has deteriorated.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, in the ballast track in which the rail 3 is fastened to the sleeper 2 laid on the ballast 1, load fluctuation occurs in the vicinity of the joint of the rail 3, and the rail 3 and the sleeper 2. There is a case where local settlement occurs in the ballast 1 supporting In addition, the dashed-dotted line h shown to Fig.10 (a) is a predetermined rail level when a train load does not act. For example, when the ballast 1 is sunk in the rail joint A where the track is likely to be locally sunk, the rail 3 is elastically restored after the train passes, as shown in FIG. As a result, the sleeper 2 fastened to the lifter 2 is lifted, and a gap X is generated between the sleeper 2 and the ballast 1. “Float sleeper” is a state in which the rigidity for supporting the track (hereinafter referred to as the track support rigidity) is lowered, and the ride comfort of the train is deteriorated, and the train is shaken and hinders safe driving.

  In order to repair the “floating sleeper”, as shown in FIG. 11, a track repair is usually performed in which the ballast 1 is fixed to the lower part of the sleeper 2 by using a dedicated wire retaining device such as a tie tamper 10. Yes. As shown in FIG. 11A, the track repair by the tie tamper 10 is performed by injecting a spatula-like member called a tie tamper tightening tool (hereinafter simply referred to as a tool) 20 into the ballast 1. While transmitting the vibration generated in the vibration generating unit 30 from the tool 20 to the ballast 1, as shown in FIG. 11B, the ballast 1 is scraped down and solidified. For this reason, there is a problem that the ballast 1 that has been compacted by the train load is slightly loosened, but in the case of a healthy ballast 1 that is a single grain size with a uniform particle size, the density change before and after the track repair is small. Therefore, track settlement after track repair hardly occurs, and track repair by the tie tamper 10 acts effectively.

  On the other hand, the deteriorated ballast 1, that is, crushing and abrasion progressed during use, or earth and sand were mixed from the outside, the particle size became smaller and the particle size distribution became wider. In the case of ballast 1, since the density change before and after the track repair is increased by the track repair of the tie tamper 10 and the density of the ballast 1 that has been compacted by the train load is significantly reduced, the track settlement recurs after the track repair. End up. In addition, the deteriorated ballast 1 has a property that the strength is significantly reduced when the water is stagnant and the subsidence of the orbit is more likely to increase when the water is stagnant. It has been considered desirable to have a track repairing method in which a material is filled in the gap X on the lower surface of the sleeper 2 without using the tie tamper 10 to loosen the roadbed under the sleeper.

  Therefore, the present applicant, as a track repair to be performed without loosening the compacted road bed, a granular filler (granular body, sodium silicate) filled with air pressure in the gap X under the sleeper 2 of the track repair location, Have proposed a technique of bringing a polymer aqueous solution into contact with the polymer aqueous solution (for example, see Patent Document 1). When the granular filler and the aqueous polymer solution come into contact with each other in the gap below the sleeper 2, a composite gel of sodium silicate and polymer is generated and entangled with the granular material, so that high sleeper support strength can be obtained and water resistance can be improved. Demonstrate.

JP 2009-167687 A

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, since the granular filler is filled by air pressure, the packing density of the granular filler filled in the gap X under the sleeper 2 does not increase, and initial subsidence easily occurs and is sound. There is a problem in that pneumatic equipment such as a compressor and an air gun which are not used in track repair work for a ballast is required separately. In addition, the mixing of the granular filler and the aqueous polymer solution is performed under the sleeper 2 due to the repeated load of the train, and the worker cannot check the mixed state. Performance may not be fully demonstrated.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and can solve the above-described problems and effectively perform track repair of a ballast track in which the ballast has deteriorated without using special equipment. It aims at providing the track repair method which can be done.

According to the track repair method of the present invention, a repair material input port for supplying a repair material is formed on the side of a sleeper laid on a ballast, and then a polymer aqueous solution and the polymer aqueous solution are used as the repair material in the repair material input port. Each of the reaction materials to be gelled is charged, and a tie tamper is used to fit under the sleeper, so that a solidified body containing the existing ballast is formed under the sleeper by the gelled polymer. It is characterized by that .
Et al is in orbit repair method of the present invention, said said repair material to have a ballast replenishing step of replenishing the ballast to the repair material inlet which supplied the repair material and supplemented the ballast sleepers You may make it go down.
Furthermore, in the track repair method of the present invention, the tie tamper may be provided with a tie tamper tightening tool having a tip portion formed in a comb-tooth shape.
Furthermore, in the track repairing method of the present invention, the polymer aqueous solution may be mainly composed of a biodegradable polymer material.
Furthermore, in the track repair method of the present invention, the reaction material is any of sodium silicate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, silica gel, bentonite, and a water-absorbing polymer. May contain

  According to the present invention, a special device such as a pneumatic device may be used because it may be set in a repair material inlet formed with a repair material in which a polymer aqueous solution and a reaction material are mixed and hardened under the sleeper. In addition, it is possible to effectively repair the ballast track whose ballast has deteriorated. In addition, since the worker can check the mixed state of the polymer aqueous solution and the reaction material, the repair material caught under the sleeper can be sufficiently gelled, and the performance of the repair material can be fully demonstrated. Can do.

It is a flowchart explaining the process of embodiment of the track repair method which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the process of embodiment of the track repair method which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the tool attached to a tie tamper. FIG. 4 is a front view showing an example of a tip shape of the tool shown in FIG. 3. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the setting conditions of the bending angle of the front-end | tip part with respect to the base of the tool shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the process of embodiment of the track repair method which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the procedure of other embodiment of the track repair method which concerns on this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the examination result of the reactive material used at the repair material production | generation process shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the full-scale model test for verifying the effect of embodiment of the track repair method which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining the state of a floating sleeper. It is sectional drawing explaining the track | orbit repair example using a tie tamper.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
In the track repairing method of the present embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, a repairing material input port 4 is formed in the ballast 1 on the side of the sleeper 2 as an input port forming step. (Step 101). FIG. 2A shows an example in which the repair material inlet 4 is formed along the longitudinal side surface of the sleeper 2, but the repair material inlet 4 is not necessarily formed in contact with the sleeper 2. It may not be necessary, and may be formed at a position slightly away from the sleeper 2.

  Next, as a tie tamper setting step, the tool 40 of the tie tamper 10 is set in the repair material charging port 4 as shown in FIG. 2B (step 102). As the tool 40 set in the repairing material input port 4, it is preferable to use a deformed tool shown in FIG. 3B instead of the spatula-shaped normal tool 20 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the normal tool 20 is a spatula-like member in which one or more bent portions 23 are formed from the base portion 22 fixed to the tie tamper 10 to the distal end portion 21. And the width of the tip 21 are formed substantially the same.

  On the other hand, the deformed tool 40 shown in FIG. 3B has a comb-like shape in which the tip 41 inserted into the ballast 1 is widened and branched into a plurality of pieces, and is fixed to the tie tamper 10. The entire width W of the distal end portion 41 is larger than the width of the base portion 42 to be formed. The leading edge full width W of the tip portion 41 is at least three times the maximum particle size of the ballast 1, and the maximum width L of the tooth gap at the tip portion 41 is formed to be approximately half of the maximum ballast particle size. Note that the tool 40 used in the present embodiment assumes that the maximum particle size of the ballast 1 is 60 mm, and as shown in FIG. It is formed to be 200 mm, which is twice as wide as the width (100 mm) and more than three times the maximum particle size 60 mm of the ballast 1. Further, the maximum width L of the inter-gap spacing gap at the tip portion 41 of the tool 40 is 30 mm, which is half of the maximum particle size 60 mm of the ballast 1. In this way, by forming the maximum width L of the tooth gap of the tip portion 41 to approximately half of the maximum particle size of the ballast 1, it is possible to easily shoot into the ballast 1 even if the total width W of the tip portion 41 is widened. The ballast 1 does not pass through the gap between the teeth of the tip 41. Further, by forming the full width W of the tip portion 41, it becomes possible to effectively harden the ballast 1 having a small particle diameter due to crushing due to use, progress of wear, or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the tip of the tooth is flat, that is, configured to be a straight line orthogonal to the insertion direction, but the shape of the tip of the tooth is appropriately adopted as a shape that can be easily inserted into the ballast 1. You can also For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), it may be formed in a straight line inclined with respect to the inserting direction, or may be formed in a curved line as shown in FIG. 4 (c). good.

  Further, the tool 40 is formed with two bent portions 43 at an interval from the base portion 42 fixed to the tie tamper 10 to the distal end portion 41, and the bending angle of the bent portion 43 increases toward the distal end. It is formed as follows. And the bending angle of the front-end | tip part 41 with respect to the base 42 is formed at 45 degrees or more. As a result, the recessed area A is formed by the connecting portion 44 and the tip portion 41. In place of the bent portion 43, the connecting portion 44 and the distal end portion 41 may be formed of a curved surface. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, two bent portions 43 are formed, and the bending angle between the base portion 42 and the connecting portion 44 that connects the base portion 42 and the tip portion 41 ( The bending angle (28 °) between the connecting portion 44 and the distal end portion 41 is larger than 17 °), and the bending angle of the distal end portion 41 with respect to the base portion 42 is 45 °. The vertical length of the distal end portion 41 in a state where the base portion 42 is vertically supported is 100 mm, assuming insertion into the ballast 1 having a thin road bed thickness of about 100 mm, and up to the connection portion 44. The vertical length of is assumed to be 230 mm on the assumption that it is inserted into a ballast 1 having a normal road bed thickness of about 200 mm.

  Furthermore, the bending angle of the tip 41 with respect to the base 42 of the tool 40 may be set according to the road bed thickness B of the ballast 1 and the bottom surface width S of the sleeper 1. That is, in order to fix the ballast 1 under the sleeper 2 using the tool 40, as shown in FIG. 5, when the base portion 42 is set up vertically, the tip 41 is set to the bottom width S of the sleeper 1. It is necessary to reach 1/2. Therefore, the bending angle α with respect to the base portion 42 of the distal end portion 41 is equal to or greater than the ratio of the road bed thickness B of the ballast 1 to the half length S / 2 of the bottom width S of the sleeper 1, that is, the relationship of tan α> S / 2B. It is good to set to meet. Specifically, a plurality of tools 40 corresponding to the road bed thickness B of the ballast 1 and the bottom surface width S of the sleeper 1 can be prepared and used by changing them. For example, for wood sleepers, three tools in which the bending angle α with respect to the base 42 of the tip 41 corresponding to each of the road bed thicknesses B 100 mm, 200 mm, and 250 mm of the ballast 1 is set to 45 °, 27 °, and 22 ° 40 should be prepared. Further, for PC sleepers having a width wider than that of a wood sleeper, the folding angle α with respect to the base portion 42 of the tip 41 corresponding to each of the road bed thicknesses B 100 mm, 200 mm, and 250 mm of the ballast 1 is 50 °, 31 °, and 26 °. It is preferable to prepare three tools 40 set in the above.

  Next, as a repair material generation process and a repair material input process, a polymer aqueous solution and a reaction material that reacts with the polymer aqueous solution to be gelled are mixed to generate a repair material 5 that fills the gap X under the sleeper 2. (Step 103), as shown in FIG. 6A, the generated repair material 5 is put into the repair material inlet 4 (step 104). The aqueous polymer solution is preferably composed of a biodegradable polymer material (biodegradable plastic) as a main agent, and for example, chemically synthesized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be used. The biodegradable polymer material is not limited to a chemical synthesis system, and may be a microbial system or a natural polymer system. Moreover, as a reaction material, sodium silicate can be used, for example. Sodium silicate may be powdery, granular, or liquid. By mixing the polymer aqueous solution and sodium silicate, they gel each other and are entangled organically to form a strong composite gel as a repair material. The reaction rate between the aqueous polymer solution and the reaction material can be adjusted by the degree of polymerization or saponification of the aqueous polymer solution, the hydrogen ion index (PH), etc. The repair material 5 is a reaction that is not completely gelled. In the state of the process, it is introduced into the repair material inlet 4. In the present embodiment, the repair material generation process is performed after the input port formation process and the tie tamper setting process, but the repair material generation process is performed in parallel with the input port formation process and the tie tamper setting process. You may make it do.

  Next, as the ballast replenishment step and the compaction step, the newly prepared ballast 1 is charged as the replenishment ballast 6 into the repair material input port 4 (step 105), and then the vibration generator 30 of the tie tamper 10 is activated to activate the Titan. While transmitting the vibration generated in the vibration generating unit 30 of the par 10 from the tool 40 to the ballast 1, the tool 40 is placed under the sleeper 2 (step 106). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6B, the repair material 5 and the supplementary ballast 6 are mixed under the sleeper 2 while being mixed, and the repair material 5 is gelated in a state where the supplementary ballast 6 is taken in. Thereby, the solidified body which includes the ballast 1 with the gelatinized polymer is formed under the sleeper 2. Since the gelated repair material 5 has elasticity (flexibility), it has a property (toughness) that can follow the deformation and recover when subjected to forced deformation. Therefore, the repair material 5 that has been gelated in the state in which the replenishment ballast 6 is taken in has compression strength and toughness, exhibits the performance of absorbing the impact load from the sleeper 2, such as under the joint of the rail 3, High durability can be exhibited even in locations with large impact loads.

  Thereafter, the process from step 101 to step 106 is repeated at each repair location.

  In the present embodiment, the ballast replenishment process of step 105 is performed after the repair material supply process of step 104. However, replenishment is performed in the ballast replenishment process of step 105 after the repair material input process of step 104. Even if the compacting step of step 106 is performed without introducing the ballast 6, a certain effect can be obtained. In this case, the repair material 5 and the existing ballast 1 are mixed under the sleeper 2 while being mixed with the tie tamper 10, and the repair material 5 is gelated with the existing ballast 1 taken in. The

  Further, in the present embodiment, after the repair material 5 is generated by generating the repair material in Step 103, the repair material 5 is input to the repair material input port 4 in the repair material input process of Step 104. The material 5 may be generated after the material 5 is input to the repair material inlet 4. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, after the titan tamper setting process in step 102, as a raw material input process, an aqueous polymer solution and a reaction material are respectively input to the repair material input port 4 (step 201). The repair material generation process of step 103 may be performed in the process. In this case, it is not necessary to prepare a container for generating the repair material 5 by mixing the aqueous polymer solution and the reaction material, and since it is not necessary to clean up the container after the repair material 5 is generated, The amount of work can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which sodium silicate is used as a reaction material has been described, but the results of studying other usable reaction materials are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, as a result of examining 21 types, 11 types of sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium silicate, silica gel, bentonite, and a water-absorbing polymer were used. It was found that can be used. In particular, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, and sodium silicate maintained the biodegradability of the aqueous polymer solution because the gelation hardening principle is salting out. It can be gelled in a state and is suitable.

Next, a full-scale model test for verifying the effect of the track repair method of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9 (a), a test sleeper 2 is laid on a ballast 1 mixed with earth and sand, and a loading beam 7 simulating the passage of a train is loaded from the shape of a rail 3, and loading is repeated. The change of the orbital settlement with the increase of the frequency was verified.

  FIG. 9B is a graph showing changes in the amount of trajectory settlement with an increase in the number of times of loading. Case 1 is a case where repair work is not performed, and case 2 is that the ballast replenishing step of step 105 is performed. However, Case 3 shows a case where repair is performed by the track repair method of the present embodiment, and Case 3 shows a case where repair is performed by the track repair method of the present embodiment. In addition, when the number of loadings reached 300,000 times, water was poured into the ballast 1 mixed with earth and sand, and the change in the amount of orbital settlement thereafter was verified.

  In Case 1, the initial subsidence amount after compaction by the tie tamper 10 is small, and the subsequent steady subsidence amount is stable up to 300,000 repetitions, but when water injection is performed, the orbital subsidence amount suddenly increases. Increase. Thereby, even if the ballast 1 mixed with earth and sand is in a compacted state, it can be seen that the strength is significantly reduced when the water is stagnant and the orbital settlement is increased.

  In cases 2 and 3, since the ballast 1 mixed with earth and sand is loosened by the tie tamper 10, the initial subsidence amount is large. However, the subsequent steady settlement is stable regardless of water injection. Therefore, it is understood that the track repair of the deteriorated ballast 1 can be effectively performed by the track repair method of the present embodiment, even if the initial settlement amount is taken into consideration. In addition, it can be seen that the amount of initial settlement in case 3 is smaller than that in case 2, and the amount of initial settlement can be reduced by the ballast replenishment process in step 105.

As described above, the track repair method according to the present embodiment forms the repair material input port 4 for supplying the repair material on the side of the sleeper 2 laid on the ballast 1, and then the repair material input port 4. A solid solution containing the ballast 1 by the gelled polymer by introducing a polymer aqueous solution and a reaction material that gels the polymer aqueous solution as the repair material 5 and using a tie tamper 10 to enter the sleeper 2. Is formed under sleeper 2.
With this configuration, since a polymer aqueous solution and a reaction material that gels the polymer aqueous solution are put into the repair material inlet 4 as the repair material 5 and hardened under the sleeper, a special device such as a pneumatic device can be used. Without using it, it is possible to cope with a repair technique using a normal tie tamper 10, and it is possible to effectively repair the ballast track in which the ballast has deteriorated. Furthermore, the strength of the repair material can be increased in a short time by mixing, and the train can be operated in a short time immediately after construction. And it is a work amount comparable to the repair work by the normal tie tamper 10, and construction is possible in a slight train interval.

Further, the track repairing method of the present embodiment includes an input port forming step for forming a repair material input port 4 for supplying the repair material 5 to the side of the sleeper 2 laid on the ballast 1, and a repair material input port 4. A repair material generating step of generating a repair material 5 by mixing a polymer aqueous solution and a reaction material that gels the polymer aqueous solution in the above, and a repair material 5 generated using the tie tamper 10 And a hardening process.
With this configuration, it is not necessary to prepare a container for generating the repair material 5 by mixing the polymer aqueous solution and the reaction material, and it is not necessary to clean up the container after the repair material 5 is generated. The amount can be reduced.

Furthermore, the track repair method of the present embodiment includes a ballast replenishment step of replenishing the replenishment ballast 6 to the repair material inlet 4 into which the repair material 5 has been charged, and the replenishment ballast 6 and the repair material 5 are placed under the ballast 2. It is configured as follows.
With this configuration, the repair material 5 and the supplementary ballast 6 are mixed under the sleeper 2 while being mixed, and the repair material 5 is gelled in a state in which the supplementary ballast 6 is incorporated, thereby reducing the initial settlement after the track repair. be able to.

Furthermore, in the track repairing method of the present embodiment, it is preferable to use a tie tamper 10 with a deformed tool 40 having a tip portion 41 formed in a comb shape.
With this configuration, the ballast 1 and the repair material 5 can be mixed efficiently.

Furthermore, in the track repair method of the present embodiment, the polymer aqueous solution is mainly composed of a biodegradable polymer material.
With this configuration, since the effect as a track repair material can be exhibited while maintaining biodegradability, track repair with a low environmental load can be realized.

  Note that the configuration and operation of the above-described embodiment are examples, and it is needless to say that the configuration and operation can be appropriately changed and executed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 Ballast 2 Sleeper 3 Rail 4 Repair material slot 5 Repair material 6 Supplement ballast 7 Loading beam 10 Tie tamper 20 Tool (normal)
21 Tip 22 Base 23 Bend 30 Excitation 40 Tool (Deformed)
41 Tip portion 42 Base portion 43 Bending portion 44 Connection portion

Claims (5)

After forming a repair material input port for charging a repair material on the side of the sleeper laid on the ballast, a polymer aqueous solution as the repair material and a reaction material that gels the polymer aqueous solution as the repair material in the repair material input port, respectively The track repairing method is characterized in that a solidified body containing the existing ballast is formed under the sleeper by the polymer that has been gelled by being put in and under the sleeper using a tie tamper. . Having a ballast replenishment step of replenishing the ballast to the repair material input port into which the repair material has been charged;
Orbital repair method according to claim 1, wherein the a replenished the ballast and the repair material, characterized in a way to push per under the sleepers. The track repairing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a tie tamper tapping tool having a tip portion formed in a comb shape is attached to the tie tamper. The aqueous polymer solution, the track repair method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a main component a biodegradable polymer material. The reaction material contains any of sodium silicate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, silica gel, bentonite, and a water-absorbing polymer. The track repair method according to any one of 1 to 4 .

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