JP6194215B2 - Compound clamper and compound clamper unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite clamper and a composite clamper unit that are mounted on a shaft member and can regulate movement in both an axial direction and a rotational direction.

  As a conventional clamper of this type, for example, a fishing reel one-way clutch described in Patent Document 1 is known. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a first roller, a second roller, and a cam surface. The outer ring is engaged with the rotor, and the inner ring is engaged with the braking portion. The first roller and the second roller are engaged with the cam surface.

Moreover, in patent document 2, the outer cylinder (stopper main body) in which the taper surface in which a clearance gap becomes gradually small toward the extending | stretching direction of a shaft is provided between the surface of a shaft, and a taper surface part is arrange | positioned. A rolling element, a cage that holds the rolling element, and a spring that presses the rolling element in a direction to bite into the tapered surface via the cage and presses the rolling element against the surface of the shaft and the tapered surface are provided. .
By setting it as such a structure, it became the structure by which the relative movement of the outer cylinder to the side with a large clearance of a taper surface with respect to a shaft was blocked | prevented.

JP 2012-007643 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-4508

  However, the conventional clamper requires a linear clamper and a rotary clamper, and there is no compact clamper that has both.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a composite clamper and a composite clamper unit that can simultaneously restrict movement in both the axial direction and the rotational direction with a compact configuration. There is.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a clamper body that can be attached to a shaft member extending in the axial direction, and has a tapered surface in the axial direction on the inner periphery facing the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member;
And clamping rolling elements interposed between the tapered surface and the shaft member of the clamper main body,
A retainer for holding the rolling element for clamping;
A biasing member that biases the clamper body and the retainer in a direction in which the rolling element for clamping bites into a tapered surface;
A motion conversion mechanism that converts the relative rotational motion of the retainer and the clamper body into relative linear motion,
The relative movement of the shaft member relative to the clamper body is such that, in the axial direction, linear movement in one direction of the shaft member is allowed and linear movement in the other direction is prevented, and also in the rotational direction, It is a configuration that allows rotation in one direction of the shaft member and prevents rotation in the other direction,
In addition, the relative rolling of the clamper main body and the retainer allows the clamping rolling element bitten by the tapered surface to be unclamped.

The motion conversion mechanism may be a mechanism including a guide spiral groove in which the retainer and the clamper main body are screwed together.
By providing the guide spiral groove, unclamping can be easily performed, and the clamping position can also be configured to bite into the tapered surface in a spiral manner, and can be accurately positioned with little play.
A plurality of guide spiral grooves may be provided. In this way, it is possible to maintain a good balance.
The guide mechanism may be configured to include a guide rolling element that engages with a guide spiral groove formed in at least one of the retainer and the clamper body.
If the guide rolling element is provided, the motion conversion between the clamper main body and the retainer becomes smooth.
The guide rolling element may be held by a retainer and may be configured to engage with a guide spiral groove provided in the clamper body.
Further, the urging member may be configured to urge the retainer and the clamper body in the axial direction, or may be configured to urge the retainer and the clamper body in the relative rotation direction.

Furthermore, the bi-directional composite clamper unit of the present invention is configured such that the composite clamper is disposed in the axial direction opposite to each other with respect to the shaft member , so that both the forward and reverse axial directions and the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of the rotational directions are provided. By restricting the movement and unclamping one, it can be used as a one-way composite clamp.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the composite clamper which combines the clutch of the rotation direction with little play and a linear clamper can be provided.

1 shows a composite clamper according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A), and (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC of (A). FIG. (A) is a perspective view for explaining the function of the composite clamper of FIG. 1, and (B) is a perspective view of a composite clamper unit in which two composite clampers of FIG. 1 are combined.

  Hereinafter, a composite clamper according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a composite clamper according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The composite clamper 1 can be mounted on a shaft member 100 extending in the axial direction, and includes a clamper body 10 having a tapered surface 11 facing the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 100 on the inner periphery, and the tapered surface 11 of the clamper body 10 and the shaft. The clamping rolling element 20 sandwiched between the members 100, the retainer 30 that holds the clamping rolling element 20, the clamper body 10, and the retainer 30 are attached in the direction in which the clamping rolling element 20 is engaged with the tapered surface 11. An urging member 40 that urges, and a motion conversion mechanism 50 that converts the relative rotational motion of the retainer 30 and the clamper body 10 into relative linear motion are provided.

  The shaft member 100 is a round shaft whose outer peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface, and does not need to have a particularly precise processing surface.

The clamper body 10 is a cylindrical member having a shaft hole 12 into which the shaft member 100 can be inserted. The inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 12 has a small-diameter cylindrical surface 13 extending from the small-diameter side end of the tapered surface 11 and a tapered surface. 11 has a large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 extending from the large-diameter side end, the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 opens at one end of the clamper body 10, and the other-end opening of the clamper body 10 has a small-diameter cylinder. The surface 13 is open. The tapered surface 11 is inclined so that the diameter gradually increases from the small diameter side to the large diameter side in the axial direction, and includes a case where the taper surface 11 is inclined linearly and a case where the taper surface 11 is curved. . The small-diameter cylindrical surface 13 and the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 do not necessarily have to be provided. In short, the tapered surface 11 may be provided.
In the illustrated example, a ball is used as the rolling element 20 for clamping, and a plurality of the rolling elements 20 are arranged in the circumferential direction. In this example, two adjacent rolling element pairs 20A are equally arranged in four places, and a total of eight balls are provided. However, the number of balls is arbitrary.
Further, the clamping rolling element 20 is not limited to a ball, and a spherical roller can be used, or a gourd roller having a gourd shape can be used.

The retainer 30 is a thin cylindrical member disposed in the gap between the outer periphery of the shaft member 100 and the shaft hole 12 of the clamper body 10, and a holding hole 31 for holding the rolling element 20 for clamping is disposed. The holding hole 31 has a hole diameter at least on the inner peripheral side smaller than that of the rolling element 20 for clamping, and holds the rolling element 20 for clamping even when the shaft member 100 is pulled out.
The outer periphery of the retainer 30 is movably fitted to the small-diameter cylindrical surface 13 of the clamper body 10 through a small gap, and one end projects to the outside from the opening on the small-diameter side, and the other end is a taper of the clamper body 10. It extends to the vicinity of the boundary between the surface 11 and the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14, and a holding hole 31 is provided at an end facing the tapered surface 11 to hold the rolling element 20 for clamping. A stop ring 17 is attached to the small diameter cylindrical surface 13 of the clamper body 10 to prevent the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 30 from coming off from the clamper body 10.

  The urging member 40 is a coil spring that is mounted in a contracted state in the axial direction in an annular gap between the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 and the shaft member 100, with one end engaged with the end of the retainer 30 and the other end The retaining ring 18 is engaged with the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 of the clamper body 10. At the end of the retainer 30, an engagement groove 37 is formed as the spring seat 3 with which one end of the urging member 40 is engaged. The engagement groove 37 is configured by a groove in which the outer peripheral side of the end portion of the retainer is cut out in an L shape.

The motion conversion mechanism 50 includes a guide spiral groove 52 in which the retainer 30 and the clamper body 10 are screwed together. In this example, four guide spiral grooves 52 are provided on the inner periphery of the shaft hole 12 of the clamper body 10, and the retainer 30 serves as a guide rolling element that engages with the four guide spiral grooves 52. Four balls 54 are held.
The diameter of the groove bottom of the guide spiral groove 52 is constant over the entire length of the shaft hole 12, and the groove depth of the guide spiral groove 52 is shallow on the large-diameter cylindrical surface 14 and gradually increases on the tapered surface 11. The small diameter cylindrical surface 13 is deep.

  The guide ball 54 held by the retainer 30 is held by a holding recess 35 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 30, and is positioned in a phase different from that of the rolling element 20 for clamping in the axial direction, It arrange | positions between a pair of rolling element pair 20A. The guide ball 54 may be arranged in the same phase as the rolling element 20 for clamping in the axial direction. In this example, the rolling element for clamping 20 and the guiding ball 54 use the same ball having the same diameter. The holding recess 35 is a hemispherical recess in which the guide ball 54 is rotatably held. The clamp rolling element 20 and the guide ball 54 may be balls having different diameters.

The composite clamper 1 configured as described above is inserted from the large-diameter opening side of the clamper main body 10 with the retainer 30 holding the rolling elements 20 and the guide balls 54, and the guide balls 54 are inserted into the guide spiral grooves 52. Then, the clamper body 10 and the retainer 30 are rotated relative to each other, so that the retainer 30 is immersed in the shaft hole 12 of the clamper body 10 and the rolling element 20 for clamping is brought into contact with the tapered surface 11. Next, the urging member 40 is inserted from the large-diameter side opening, and the tip of the urging member 40 is engaged with the engagement groove 37 at the end of the retainer 30, and is further pushed in and contracted. 18 is engaged with the groove of the clamper body 10 and fixed. Even when the shaft member 100 is removed, the biasing member 40 is brought into contact with the stop ring 17 engaged with the clamper body 10 and the guide ball 54 held by the retainer 30. The retainer 30 is prevented from coming off even if it is urged by.

When the composite clamper 1 is used, for example, the shaft member 100 is inserted from the protruding end side of the retainer 30 to a predetermined position. When inserting, the rolling element 20 for clamping of the composite clamper 1 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 100, but the pushing direction of the shaft member 100 is a direction separating the rolling element 20 for clamping from the tapered surface 11. The shaft member 100 moves smoothly.
As described above, the composite clamper 1 assembled to the shaft member 100 has a relative movement of the shaft member 100 with respect to the clamper body 10 in the axial direction as shown in FIG. Linear movement in one direction is allowed (in the direction of solid arrow F in the figure), and linear movement in the other direction is blocked (in the figure, in the direction of dashed arrow L). Further, the shaft member 100 is allowed to rotate in one direction with respect to the rotation direction (the solid arrow F direction in the drawing) and is prevented from rotating in the other direction (the broken arrow L direction in the drawing).

The linear movement will be described in detail. The clamping rolling element 20 is urged in the direction in which it is engaged with the tapered surface 11 by the spring force of the urging member 40, and by the contact friction between the clamping rolling element 20 and the shaft member 100, It is also held in the movement allowable direction. When the shaft member 100 is pushed in the movement allowable direction with a stronger force, the shaft member 100 moves.
On the other hand, if the shaft member 100 is moved in the opposite direction in the linear direction, the rolling element 20 for clamping bites into the tapered surface 11 and the linear movement of the shaft member 100 is prevented.

Regarding the rotational direction, when the shaft member 100 is to be rotated with respect to the clamper body 10, the retainer 30 tends to rotate along with the friction with the rolling element 20 for clamping. The rotational movement of the retainer 30 is converted into the axial movement of the retainer 30 relative to the clamper body 10 by the engagement of the guide ball 54 and the spiral groove 52. When the relative axial movement of the clamper body 10 and the retainer 30 is a direction in which the clamping rolling element 20 is engaged with the tapered surface 11, the rotational movement is prevented. On the other hand, when the relative axial movement of the clamper body 10 and the retainer 30 is a direction in which the clamping rolling element 20 is separated from the tapered surface 11, the rotational motion is allowed.
In this embodiment, the relative movement of the clamper body 10 and the retainer 30 is a spiral movement along the spiral groove 52, and the clamp position is configured to bite into the taper surface in a spiral manner and is positioned accurately with little play. be able to. The relative motion in the axial direction is an axial component of the spiral motion, and the rotational motion is a rotational direction component of the spiral motion, and the axial and rotational motions of the shaft member 100 can be restricted and allowed simultaneously.

Further, by the relative rotation of the clamper body 10 and the retainer 30 (in the direction of the white arrow U in the figure), it is possible to unclamp the rolling element 20 for clamping that is engaged with the tapered surface 11.
That is, when the clamper body 10 is rotated in the unclamping direction U, the retainer 30 spirally moves along the spiral groove 52 with respect to the clamper body 10 to move the clamping rolling element 20 away from the tapered surface 11. That is, the shaft member 100 is allowed to move in both the axial direction and the rotational direction.

[Other embodiments]
FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of the bidirectional composite clamper unit 2 of the present invention.
That is, the bi-directional composite clamper unit 2 is configured such that the composite clamper 1 according to the above-described embodiment is disposed in the axial direction opposite to each other with respect to the shaft member 100, so The movement in both reverse directions can be regulated. In the figure, reference numerals of composite clampers opposite to each other are assigned as 1A and 1B, respectively.
By unclamping one composite clamper 1A, it can be used as a composite clamp in one direction, and by unclamping the other composite clamper 1B, it can be used as a composite clamper in the reverse direction.

In the above embodiment, the urging member 40 is configured to urge in the axial direction, but may be configured to urge the retainer 30 and the clamper body 10 in the rotational direction.
In the above embodiment, the guide ball 54 held by the retainer 30 is engaged with the spiral groove 52 formed in the inner periphery of the shaft hole 12 of the clamper body 10. A spiral groove may be provided on the outer periphery, and a threaded portion for screwing the retainer 30 to the outer periphery of the clamper body 10 may be provided. Further, a guide spiral groove 52 into which a guide ball is screwed may be provided on both the retainer 30 and the clamper body 10.
In the above-described embodiment, the guide ball 54 is engaged with the spiral groove 52. However, the guide ball 54 may have any structure as long as the guide ball 54 is engaged. May be provided.
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the screw conversion structure is used as the motion conversion mechanism. However, a screw mechanism in which a spiral convex portion engages with a spiral groove or a cam mechanism may be used. Any configuration that can be converted into each other is acceptable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Composite clamper 2 Bidirectional composite clamper unit 10 Clamper main body 11 Tapered surface, 12 Shaft hole, 13 Small diameter cylindrical surface, 14 Large diameter cylindrical surface,
17 Stop ring, 18 Retaining ring 20 Clamping rolling element 20A Rolling element pair 30 Retainer 31 Holding hole, 35 Holding recess, 37 Engaging groove 40 Energizing member 50 Motion conversion mechanism 52 Guide spiral groove, 54 Guide ball (Guide Rolling element)
100 Shaft member

Claims (8)

A clamper body that can be attached to a shaft member extending in the axial direction, and has a tapered surface in the axial direction facing the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member on the inner periphery;
And clamping rolling elements interposed between the tapered surface and the shaft member of the clamper main body,
A retainer for holding the rolling element for clamping;
An urging member that urges said clamper main body and the retainer, in the direction in which the clamping rolling elements biting into the tapered surface,
And a motion converting mechanism for converting the relative rotational movement of said clamper main body and said retainer relative linear movement,
The relative movement of the shaft member with respect to the clamper body, axially, said linear movement in one direction of the shaft member and acceptable and the linear movement in the other direction to prevent further relative rotation direction even, to permit rotation in one direction of said shaft member, a structure for preventing the rotation in the other direction,
Further, the clamper main body and said by the relative rotation between the retainer, the composite clamper said clamping rolling elements biting into the tapered surface has become possible unclamped. The motion converting mechanism is complex clamper according to claim 1, wherein the retainer and the clamper main body is provided with a guiding helical grooves to be engaged. The composite clamper according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the guide spiral grooves are provided. The motion converting mechanism is complex clamper according to claim 2 or 3 and a guiding rolling elements for engaging the guiding helical grooves least formed on one of the retainer and the clamper main body. The guiding rolling elements are held in the retainer, the composite clamper according a to claim 4 is configured to be engaged with the guiding helical grooves provided in the clamper body. The biasing member composite clamper according to any one of the paragraphs claims 1-5 is configured to bias the clamper main body and said retainer in the axial direction. The biasing member composite clamper according to any one of the paragraphs 6 claims 1 is configured to bias the clamper main body and said retainer relative rotational direction. A plurality of composite clamper according to any one of claims 1 7, with respect to the shaft member, both composite clamper unit disposed opposite to each other in the axial direction.

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