JP6222147B2 - Surge protection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas gap type surge protection device required for securing a surge withstand voltage for various electric equipment and power equipment such as power electronics required to operate at a higher operating voltage.

  In almost all products that require power supply, such as various electrical equipment and power electronics and power equipment located in the upper system, they are generated by lightning surge withstands entering from the power system and by interruption or switching caused by the equipment itself. To withstand surges.

  In recent years, especially the rise of SiC and direct current power transmission / distribution as the smart grit / smart city concept progresses, and the application of SiC semiconductor devices and the like has begun to be considered in order to establish these.

  One of the major challenges in applying these semiconductor devices is ensuring reliability, so that they can operate reliably even if unexpected lightning surges or switching surges from various devices occur and occur inside. We need to be able to do it.

  Conventionally, even if a lightning surge or the like occurs from the outside, the previous stage of the circuit is solidified by a transformer or the like, and the semiconductor device has not been penetrated and reached. However, when the breakdown voltage of the device is increased, the semiconductor device itself is directly connected to the system, and improvement of surge resistance is indispensable.

  Conventionally, there are two types of surge protection devices, which are roughly classified into a gap type and a gapless type. As the gap type, there is a gas discharge tube (GDT). As the gapless type, there are those utilizing a metal oxide varistor, an avalanche diode, or a surge protection thyristor.

  The gap type surge protection device is based on the basic principle that when a surge of a certain voltage or more enters between the gaps, the surge is absorbed by the discharge of the gas gap space. The gap-type surge protection device has advantages such as that the capacitance between the discharge electrodes is small, so that it can be suitably used for a high-frequency circuit, and that a relatively large current can flow even if the element itself is small. On the other hand, due to the characteristics of utilizing the discharge phenomenon in the gas gap space, even if a surge occurs, it takes some time to process it, strictly speaking, the processing time and processing The disadvantage is that there are variations in surge voltage. In addition, in the gap type surge protection device, even if the surge is absorbed and a discharge occurs in the gas gap space, the continuity flows at the normal applied voltage after the surge ends and the discharge is maintained without interruption. It is mentioned as a drawback. For example, in Patent Document 1, a countermeasure is considered in which a plurality of gap-type surge protection devices for railways are connected in parallel to have functions for main circuit surge protection and continuity cut.

JP 2005-73316 A

  As described above, in the gap type surge protection device, there is a problem that processing delay after the occurrence of a surge that occurs due to its characteristics while utilizing discharge, and the processing time and processing voltage after the occurrence of the surge vary. was there. In addition, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the processing delay after the occurrence of the surge and the variation in the processing time and the processing voltage after the occurrence of the surge have not been suppressed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems. The object of the present invention is to suppress a processing delay after the occurrence of a surge and a variation in processing time and a processing voltage after the occurrence of the surge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surge protection device capable of quickly interrupting a follow-up flow after convergence.

  In the present invention, metastable excitation species are utilized in order to suppress the surge processing time delay and to suppress variations in the surge processing time and the surge processing voltage, which are problems in the conventional gap type surge protection device. That is, the present invention is shown as follows.

The surge protection device according to the present invention is connected to a voltage source, and is connected to a seed generation unit that generates metastable excited species in the first container by applying a voltage from the voltage source, and a surge protection target. by which, the electrode having a gap in the second vessel was placed a surge discharge unit for generating a discharge in said second vessel by surge applied between the electrodes, the said species generating unit A communication part formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first container and the second container located between the surge discharge part and allowing the metastable excited species to flow from the seed generation part into the surge discharge part; It is characterized by having.

  As described above, in the present invention, metastable excited species are generated so that the metastable excited species can flow into the surge discharge portion. Therefore, the metastable excited species having potential energy is present in the gas gap space of the surge discharge part, and when a surge is applied between the electrodes, it is possible to quickly discharge at a desired voltage. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the processing delay after the occurrence of the surge and the variation in the processing time and the processing voltage after the occurrence of the surge as compared with the conventional case.

  In the present invention, the seed generation unit preferably generates the metastable excited species by discharge. Thereby, the metastable excited species can be generated inexpensively and stably.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the potential energy of the metastable excited species is set higher than the ionization voltage of the gas species of the surge discharge portion. Thereby, it is possible to appropriately cause a reaction at the surge discharge part.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the gas pressure of the said seed production | generation part is set to be equal to or more than the gas pressure of the surge discharge part. As a result, the metastable excited species can be appropriately and easily caused to flow from the seed generation unit to the surge discharge unit.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to provide the blower for forming the flow path which flows in the said metastable excitation seed | species from the said seed production | generation part to the said surge discharge part via the said communication part. As a result, the metastable excited species can be appropriately and easily caused to flow from the seed generation unit to the surge discharge unit.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to control so that the discharge in the said seed production | generation part is stopped by using the discharge current which generate | occur | produces by the surge in the said surge discharge part as a trigger. Thereby, the production | generation of the metastable excited seed | species by a seed production | generation part and the supply of the metastable excitation seed | species to a surge discharge part can be stopped, and a follow-up can be interrupted | blocked rapidly.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively suppress the processing delay after the occurrence of the surge and the variation in the processing time and the processing voltage after the occurrence of the surge as compared with the conventional case. In addition, the continuation after the surge convergence can be quickly interrupted.

It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 1st Embodiment. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which cut | disconnected the surge protection device shown in FIG. 1 along the AA line in the height direction, and was seen from the arrow direction. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which cut | disconnected the surge protection device shown in FIG. 1 along the BB line in the height direction, and was seen from the arrow direction. It is a block block diagram of the surge protection device in this Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 6th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 7th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 8th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 9th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 10th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 11th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 12th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 13th Embodiment. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the surge protection device in 14th Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a potential diagram illustrating reactions that occur in a seed generation unit (first discharge tube) and a surge discharge unit (second discharge tube), respectively.

  The gap-type surge protection device is very advantageous in that it is in an open failure mode in terms of reliability and can be suitably used for a high-frequency circuit because of its small capacitance. In addition, if the value of the surge processing voltage can also be varied, the surge voltage limit can be varied according to the situation, which is a problem with the normal gap type, by maintaining the discharge after the surge is cut It is very effective when it is possible to prevent follow-up and manage according to driving conditions. Therefore, if it is possible to avoid the delay in processing after the occurrence of a surge and the variation in processing time and processing voltage after the occurrence of a surge, which is a problem in the gap type, which occurs due to the characteristics of utilizing the discharge. , Can fully demonstrate its merits. Realization of these is considered to be suitable as a surge protection function for various systems and power electronics, which are expected to grow in the future and are becoming increasingly necessary.

  In the present embodiment, metastable excitation species are used to suppress a delay in surge processing time and to suppress variations in surge processing time and surge processing voltage. Specifically, this metastable excited species is generated in advance, and the metastable excited species is caused to flow into a space where discharge occurs when a surge occurs.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the surge protection device shown in FIG. 1 cut along the line AA in the height direction and viewed from the direction of the arrow. FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the surge protection device shown in FIG. 1 cut along the line BB in the height direction and viewed from the arrow direction. In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 5-17 mentioned later, each discharge tube inside was shown through.

  A surge protection device 10 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a seed generation unit (first discharge tube) 1 and a surge discharge unit (second discharge tube) 2. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the seed generation unit 1 includes a cylindrical container 3 and parallel plate-type electrodes 5 and 6 disposed at open ends on both sides of the cylindrical container 3. Composed. As shown in FIG. 1, the seed generator 1 is connected to, for example, a DC voltage source 7 and can apply a voltage to the discharge space between the electrodes 5 and 6. In the present embodiment, metastable excited species are generated in the seed generator 1.

  The metastable excited species will be described in detail. A metastable excited species exists, for example, as a metastable excited molecule or atom (may be both a molecule and an atom; hereinafter referred to as a metastable excited molecule / atom), and is metastable. Excited molecules / atoms are molecules / atoms that can exist with a longer lifetime than conventional excited molecules / atoms with potential energy held inside the molecules and atoms. When a conventional excited molecule / atom has potential energy, it has the property of returning to the original ground level because its state is unstable, and it emits energy such as light and is de-excited. Ordinary excited molecules therefore have a very short lifetime of microseconds or less.

On the other hand, metastable excited molecules and atoms have a forbidden band for deexcitation when returning to the ground state, so that energy cannot be obtained by reactions such as collisions with other molecules or walls without deexcitation. It has the characteristic of being exchanged and de-excited. Therefore, the life of this metastable excited molecules and atoms are those that vary the mean free That pressure, several seconds or more depending on the conditions, it can also remain about 10 ⁴ seconds in good condition is an extreme example. Metastable excited molecules / atoms can be formed by applying energy from the outside, and can be generated by generating a discharge plasma for a desired gas or irradiating a gas with a laser or an electron beam. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, it is considered that the generation by gas discharge obtained by applying a voltage between gases and causing dielectric breakdown can be generated most simply and inexpensively.

  Metastable excited molecules / atoms generally have a potential energy of several to several tens of eV. When a discharge is generated in a general element gas such as nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, oxygen, neon, mercury, etc., the space Exists within.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the surge discharger 2 includes a cylindrical container 4 and parallel plate type electrodes (discharge electrodes) 8 and 9 disposed at open ends on both sides of the cylindrical container 4. Is done. The surge discharge part 2 constitutes a gas-filled discharge tube. In the surge discharge portion 2, a gap (discharge gap; discharge gap) is formed by the electrodes 8 and 9, and discharge occurs between the electrodes 8 and 9 due to the surge voltage that has entered. When the discharge occurs, the impedance between the electrodes rapidly decreases and the circuit is almost short-circuited, and the surge voltage can be suppressed to a very low level.

  As shown in FIG. 1, circuit connection terminals 11 and 11 are connected as external terminals to the electrodes 8 and 9 constituting the surge discharge part 2, and surge protection objects (see FIG. 4) are connected via the circuit connection terminals 11. (Shown as reference numeral 20) is connected to the surge discharger 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a communication unit 12 is provided between the seed generation unit 1 and the surge discharge unit 2. The communication part 12 can be formed in a simple shape to be a connection hole formed in the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical containers 3 and 4 constituting the seed generation part 1 and the surge discharge part 2, and the seed generation part 1 and the surge discharge part 2 can be reliably communicated with each other. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the seed generation unit 1 and the surge discharge unit 2 have a contact area 14 that is in contact with a portion other than the communication section 12, and the seed generation section 1 is interposed via the contact area 14. And the surge discharger 2 are joined using an existing method.

  As shown in FIG. 1, by providing the communication part 12 between the seed generation part 1 and the surge discharge part 2, the metastable excited molecule / molecules are transferred from the seed generation part 1 to the surge discharge part 2 via the communication part 12. Atoms can be introduced.

  By the way, in the gap type surge protection device, the cause of processing delay (discharge delay) after the occurrence of a surge can be broadly classified into two types: statistical delay and formation delay. In short, the mechanism at the time of the occurrence of gas discharge is that when a voltage is applied in the gas gap space, electrons accelerated by the voltage collide with gas molecules, this collision is repeated and an electron avalanche occurs, and the number of electrons is constant. When the above is reached, dielectric breakdown occurs and discharge occurs.

  The statistical delay is due to the fact that the presence of initial electrons is necessary as a precondition for causing electron collision and avalanche. This initial electron will cause dielectric breakdown when the accidental electron that happens to exist in the gas such as cosmic rays is utilized, so if it can be supplied stably, there will be abundant species necessary for discharge, Statistical delay can be suppressed. Because metastable excited molecules / atoms have energy to emit electrons when they collide with electrodes or walls (secondary discharge from the electrode by metastable excited molecules / atoms also contributes to the sustainability of discharge) By supplying metastable excited molecules / atoms to the gas gap space as the initial electron supply, a sufficient state can be secured in the initial electron supply.

  The formation delay is the time from repeated electron collisions until it finally reaches a spark discharge, and this part is the cumulative ionization effect due to the presence of metastable excited molecules / atoms as the target of electron collision, and their quasi- Formation delay can be controlled by supplying electrons by Penning ionization with stable excited molecules and atoms.

  That is, discharge control time and variations in the gas gap space when a surge is applied by these controls can be suppressed. FIG. 18 shows a conceptual diagram using the potential energy for these series of processes.

  The diagram on the left side of FIG. 18 is a potential diagram of a reaction that occurs in the seed generation unit 1. As shown in FIG. 18, the reaction of the following formula (1) occurs in the seed generation unit 1.

A (X) + e → A ^* (M) + e (1)
Here, A ^* (M) represents a metastable excited molecule / atom, and A (X) represents the ground state (zero potential energy) of the A molecule or atom.

  Further, the diagram on the right side of FIG. 18 is a potential diagram of a reaction that occurs in the surge discharge part 2. As shown in FIG. 18, in the surge discharge part 2, the reaction of the following formula | equation (2) has occurred.

A ^* (M) + B (X) → B ^* orB ⁺ (2)
Here, B (X) represents the ground state (potential energy zero) of the B molecule or atom. B ⁺ indicates a state in which Penning ionization occurs and B molecules or atoms are ionized. B ^* represents a metastable excited state of the B molecule or atom.

B ^* further causes a cumulative ionization reaction of the following formula (3).
^{B * + e → B + +} e (3)

The reaction of B (X) → B ^* becomes an excitation voltage. The cumulative ionization effects indicate once B (X) is B ^* → B ⁺ by further collisions electron collisions and A ^* from the state excited to B ^* reaction. In the right diagram of FIG. 18, two patterns are shown.

  Table 1 below shows the gas species possessing metastable excited molecules and atoms and their potential energies. Further, gas species in a gas gap space suitable for causing Penning ionization as a combination are shown.

As shown in Table 1, nitrogen (N ₂ ), hydrogen (H ₂ ), oxygen (O 2), and helium (He) are used as gas species to be used for generating metastable excited molecules / atoms in the seed generator. ), Argon (Ar), neon (Ne), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), or other rare gas can be used. In the present embodiment, metastable excited molecules / atoms are generated by utilizing at least one of these gases and generating a gas discharge constantly or intermittently in the same gas atmosphere.

  Penning ionization is a combination of gas species that should be selected as necessary to further enhance the effect, and is not essential. Considering the lifetime of metastable excited molecules / atoms, the seed generator should consider the combination of the generation amount and lifetime, but at least the atmospheric gas pressure in the surge discharge part (gas gap space) is generated and reaches. In consideration of the above conditions, it is desirable that the pressure is not more than atmospheric pressure, but it is not an essential condition.

What is important in causing Penning ionization is that the potential energy of metastable excited molecules and atoms is higher than the ionization voltage of the gas species in the surge discharge section. However, when considering transmission / reception of potential energy, in FIG. 18, it is considered that transmission / reception is easier when the energy difference between the receiving side B and the giving side A is as small as possible. The reason for this is that, from the law of conservation of energy, when surplus energy is generated, a chemical reaction will not occur unless the surplus energy is consumed in some form. This is because such an energy change is necessary and that part is difficult to be established. Therefore, it is a requirement that the potential energy of metastable excited molecules / atoms is higher than the ionization voltage of the gas species in the surge discharge part, but it is not necessarily high, and the requirement of A ^* > B ⁺ is satisfied. However, the reaction is more likely to occur when the two are equal as much as possible.

Regarding the “cumulative ionization contribution” shown in Table 1, for example, when the gas species of the seed generation part is N ₂ , the potential energy of the metastable excited molecule of N ₂ does not reach the ionization voltage. It means that only “cumulative ionization” occurs in which ionization is performed in stages after receiving and receiving energy.

  In this embodiment, in this way, a metastable excited species is generated, and the metastable excited species is caused to flow into the surge discharge part that constitutes the gas gap space, thereby ensuring a sufficient state in the initial electron supply. Yes. As a result, when a surge is applied between the electrodes in the gas gap space, it is possible to cause a faster and more stable discharge in the gas gap space due to the cumulative ionization effect and penning ionization due to the presence of metastable excited species. In addition, it is possible to suppress the discharge processing time and variation between the gas gaps.

  In more detail, depending on the type of metastable excited molecules and atoms, the atmospheric conditions that contribute to their lifetime, and the type of gas in the gas gap space, not only the variation in processing time for suppressing surges, but also The surge processing voltage can also be controlled.

  Control of the surge processing voltage will be described. The gap-type surge protection device protects surges by utilizing the discharge in the gas gap space. Therefore, the surge can be stably protected if the same voltage is used as a threshold value for the applied surge each time, and if a voltage higher than that is applied, the battery discharges steadily.

  As already mentioned, the start of discharge is due to the electron avalanche, which is caused by an electron avalanche caused by the collision of electrons accelerated by an electric field with the initial species, which are the initial electrons in the space, that is, the initial electrons. When a phenomenon called this occurs and the number of electrons multiplied by a certain amount, the insulation of the gas gap space is broken and the current flows.

  Therefore, the discharge start voltage is a parameter of the type of gas molecule to which the applied voltage and the electron hit, the number of gas molecules, that is, the atmospheric pressure, and the gap length required for the electron to accelerate and multiply. ing. That is, from these parameters, Paschen's law is plotted for each gas in which the horizontal axis is the atmospheric pressure × gap length and the vertical axis is the discharge start voltage.

  This discharge start voltage usually varies greatly. Such variation greatly varies depending on whether or not the initial electrons are supplied. That is, when the initial electrons that are seeds first are present in a rich manner, it is possible to stably discharge at the same voltage, and the discharge start voltage is stabilized. On the other hand, if the initial electrons are poor, discharge does not easily occur, and discharge must be forced from a small number of seeds, so that the discharge start voltage becomes very large.

  Therefore, as in the present embodiment, by always keeping the initial electrons in a rich state, it is possible to surely cause discharge at the assumed minimum voltage, that is, variation in surge processing voltage can be suppressed, and always It becomes possible to cause an immediate discharge when a surge of a certain voltage or more is stably applied.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, it is preferable to control so that the metastable excitation seed | species produced | generated by the seed production | generation part 1 can flow into the surge discharge part 2 easily and stably. For example, the gas pressure of the seed generator 1 is set to be equal to or higher than the gas pressure of the surge discharger 2. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the flow paths R1 and R2 from the seed generation unit 1 to the surge discharge unit 2 can be formed via the communication unit 12, and the metastable excited species can be smoothly transferred from the seed generation unit 1. It can flow into the surge discharger 2.

  Alternatively, a metastable excited species can be allowed to flow from the seed generator 1 into the surge discharger 2 by connecting a blower externally. As shown in FIG. 4, the blower 15 is externally connected to the seed generation unit 1. The blower 15 is disposed on both sides or one side of the parallel plate electrodes 5 and 6 of the seed generation unit 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the electrodes 5 and 6 disposed on both sides of the seed generation unit 1 are mesh-shaped, or through holes 5 a and 6 a are formed in the electrodes 5 and 6 as shown in FIG. 6. ing. 5 and 6, flow paths R3 and R4 extending from the outside of the electrodes 5 and 6 to the inside of the seed generator 1 and the surge discharger 2 can be formed by a blower (not shown). 5 and 6, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts as those in FIG.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when a surge is applied to the gas gap space, that is, the surge discharge portion 2, and discharge occurs in the gas gap space due to the surge, a discharge current (surge current) flowing through the surge discharge portion 2 is used as a trigger. It can be controlled to stop the discharge in the seed generator 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the control part 16 connected to the seed production | generation part 1 and the surge discharge part 2 is provided. The control unit 16 monitors the surge current flowing through the surge discharge unit 2, and when a predetermined value of surge current is observed, generates a stop signal for stopping the generation of the metastable excited species in the seed generation unit 1. Send to part 1. As a result, generation and supply of metastable excited molecules and atoms, and cumulative and penning ionization due to them, and secondary electron emission by γm, that is, metastable excited molecules and atoms, stop, so normal application after the surge has converged. With the voltage, the discharge maintenance condition called the generation mechanism is impaired, and as a result, the phenomenon in which the follower flows can be cut.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the fourth embodiment. 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts as those in FIG. In FIG. 7, one electrode constituting the seed generation unit 1 is a needle electrode 21. The other electrode is a parallel plate type electrode 6 as in FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the fifth embodiment. 8, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 indicate the same parts as those in FIGS. In FIG. 8, both electrodes constituting the seed generation unit 1 are needle electrodes 21 and 22. 7 and 8, by using a pointed electrode like a needle electrode, the electric field is concentrated locally, and a stable discharge in the form of corona discharge C is formed around the pointed tip. Is possible. Therefore, by arranging the tip of the needle in the immediate vicinity of the communication part 12 between the surge discharge part 2, for example, there is an effect that it is easy to stably supply the metastable excited species (discharge product) to the surge discharge part 2.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the sixth embodiment. 9, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts as those in FIG. In FIG. 9, a bottomed recess 24 is formed on the inner surfaces (opposing surfaces) 5 b and 6 b of the parallel plate electrodes 5 and 6 of the seed generation unit 1. In FIG. 9, the shape of the inner surface 5 b of the electrode 5 is not visible, but it is preferable that a bottomed recess is formed in the same manner as the inner surface 6 b of the electrode 6.

  The effect of providing the bottomed recess 24 will be described based on a generally known Paschen curve. The Paschen curve is a curve corresponding to the type of gas on a graph in which the horizontal axis represents gap length × atmospheric pressure and the vertical axis represents spark voltage. Here, the Paschen minimum refers to the minimum value of the discharge start voltage in various gases. It has been found that the spark voltage rises rapidly when the gap length × atmospheric pressure on the horizontal axis at which the minimum value of the discharge start voltage is obtained is further reduced. As shown in FIG. 9, providing the bottomed recess 24 on the inner surface of the electrode partially increases the gap length. Thus, in order to use the above-mentioned region where the spark voltage rises rapidly, the bottomed recess 24 is provided and the gap length is partially increased. The discharge D is generated in the long part. Therefore, it is possible to stably form a discharge at the bottomed recess 24.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the ninth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the tenth embodiment.

  10 is obtained by replacing the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 1 with an AC voltage source 30, and the surge protection device shown in FIG. 11 is different from the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 12, the surge protection device shown in FIG. 12 is obtained by replacing the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 8 with an AC voltage source 30, and the surge protection device shown in FIG. 13 is shown in FIG. The DC voltage source 7 is replaced with an AC voltage source 30. 10 to 13, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9 denote the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the eleventh embodiment. FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the surge protection device according to the thirteenth embodiment. FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device according to the fourteenth embodiment.

  The surge protection device shown in FIG. 14 is obtained by replacing the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 1 with a pulse voltage source 31, and the surge protection device shown in FIG. 15 is a DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 16, the surge protection device shown in FIG. 16 is obtained by replacing the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIG. 8 with the pulse voltage source 31, and the surge protection device shown in FIG. 17 is shown in FIG. The DC voltage source 7 is replaced with a pulse voltage source 31. 14 to 17, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9 indicate the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9.

  Similar to FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9, the configuration using the AC voltage source 30 as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 and the configuration using the pulse voltage source 31 as shown in FIGS. The basic performance of supplying stable excitation species to the surge discharger to provide surge protection remains the same.

  However, for stable supply of the metastable excited species, a configuration using the DC voltage source 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 9, or a configuration using the AC voltage source 30 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13. Is preferred.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, in the configuration using the pulse voltage source 31, the pulse eliminates the possibility that the metastable excited molecules once formed are broken again by electron collision, and the performance is calibrated ( This is considered effective when the inflow is calibrated against the input energy.

  It is considered preferable to utilize the necessary voltage form as needed in consideration of noise disturbance and power saving.

  The surge protection device according to the present invention can be applied to almost all products that require power supply, such as various electric and electronic devices and power electronics and power devices located in the upper system. Thereby, in various products, it is possible to stably improve the lightning surge withstand voltage entering from the power system and the withstand voltage to the surge generated by the interruption or switching caused by the device itself.

Type 1 generator (first discharge tube)
2 Surge discharger (second discharge tube)
3, 4 Tubular container 5, 6, 8, 9 Electrode 10 Surge protection device 11 Circuit connection terminal 12 Communication part 15 Blower 16 Control part 21, 22 Needle-like electrode 24 Bottomed recess 30 AC voltage source 31 Pulse voltage source

Claims (6)

A seed generator that is connected to a voltage source and generates a metastable excited species in the first container by applying a voltage from the voltage source ;
A surge discharger connected to a surge protection object , having an electrode having a gap in the second container, and generating a discharge in the second container by a surge applied between the electrodes ; ,
Formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first container and the second container located between the seed generation part and the surge discharge part, and flows the metastable excited species from the seed generation part into the surge discharge part. A communication section to enable,
A surge protection device characterized by comprising:   The surge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the seed generation unit generates the metastable excited species by discharge.   The surge protection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the potential energy of the metastable excited species is set higher than the ionization voltage of the gas species of the surge discharge part.   The surge protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a gas pressure of the seed generation unit is set to be equal to or higher than a gas pressure of the surge discharge unit.   The blower for forming the flow path which makes the said metastable excitation seed | species flow into the said surge discharge part via the said communication part from the said seed production | generation part is provided. Surge protection device.   The surge protection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein control is performed so as to stop discharge in the seed generation unit with a discharge current generated by a surge in the surge discharge unit as a trigger. device.

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