JP6224751B2 - Method and apparatus for pulling out shrink fitting members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shrink-fitting member extraction method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a shrink-fitting member that can be pulled out with a minimum pull-out force without applying a pull-out force to the shrink-fitting member at all times. The present invention relates to a drawing method and apparatus.

  For example, in order to pull out the coupling that is shrink-fitted on the rotating shaft of the motor from the rotating shaft, the coupling is heated with a burner or the like to thermally expand the coupling, and thus the rotating shaft and the coupling are fitted. Loosen and pull out the coupling from the rotating shaft.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a method for pulling out a shrink-fitting member. This pulling method is a method of pulling out the bearing inner ring shrink-fitted on the axle from the axle. Hereinafter, this method is called a conventional drawing method and will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the bearing inner ring is pulled out by the conventional pulling method. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after the bearing inner ring is pulled out by the conventional pulling method.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a table 12 is attached to the carriage 11 so as to be movable up and down while maintaining a level by a lifting cylinder 13. A cylinder 15 constituting a hydraulic device is horizontally mounted on the table 12 via a mounting base 14. The cylinder 15 is provided with a flange 15a. The tip of the rod 16 of the hydraulic device is inserted into a hollow axle 17, and the rod 16 is provided with a flange 16 a for receiving a reaction force of the pulling force when the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out. Yes.

  When the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out, a drawing plate 19 for hooking on the inner end face of the bearing inner ring 18 is formed in half and can be connected to each other by bolts. The flange 15 a provided on the cylinder 15 and the extraction plate 19 are connected via an extraction rod 20.

  The bearing inner ring 18 is high-frequency induction heated by the heating coil 21. A ring-shaped positioning tool 22 made of an insulator is integrally attached to the inner peripheral surface of the heating coil 21, and the heating coil 21 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the bearing inner ring 18 via the positioning tool 22. Mounted concentrically.

  In order to pull out the bearing inner ring 18 that is shrink-fitted on the axle 17 from the axle 17 by the conventional pulling method described above, the following is performed. The wheel 23 is placed on the rail 24 with the wheel 23 mounted on the axle 17.

  First, the carriage 11 is arranged so that the rod 16 of the hydraulic device faces the axle 17, and in this state, the table 12 is moved up and down by the lifting cylinder 13 mounted on the carriage 11, and the position of the carriage 11 is changed. Adjust and insert the rod 16 into the axle 17. In this way, the carriage 11 is positioned with respect to the axle 17 and the heating coil 21 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing inner ring 18.

  Next, after the extraction plate 19 is hooked on the bearing inner ring 18, the flange 15 a of the cylinder 15 and the extraction plate 19 are connected by the extraction rod 20.

  Then, by operating the hydraulic device, the hydraulic pressure is converted into the drawing force of the bearing inner ring 18 via the cylinder 15, the drawing rod 20 and the drawing plate 19, and the drawing force is applied to the bearing inner ring 18. The high-frequency current is passed through the heating coil 21 in this state.

  As a result, the bearing inner ring 18 is heated by high frequency induction, and the surface layer portion thereof is heated intensively. The inside of the bearing inner ring 18 is heated mainly by conduction heat transfer, and the entire bearing inner ring 18 expands. As a result, the engagement between the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 is loosened, and the bearing inner ring 18 is pulled out from the axle 17 by the pulling force that is constantly acting on the bearing inner ring 18 as shown by the arrow in FIG. .

JP-A-8-150524

  As described above, according to the conventional drawing method, the bearing inner ring 18 is intensively heated by the high-frequency induction heating coil, so that the deterioration of the axle 17 due to high temperature heating can be prevented. However, the following problems occur. there were.

  Since it is necessary to apply a pulling force to the bearing inner ring 18 at all times, the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 may be mechanically damaged.

  Further, if the minimum pulling force that can be pulled out of the bearing inner ring 18 can be grasped, mechanical damage to the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 can be minimized, but the degree of thermal expansion is clearly determined. Since it is not known, it is difficult to grasp the minimum pulling force. Therefore, since it is necessary to apply a large pulling force to some extent, the bearing inner ring 18 and the axle 17 may be mechanically damaged from this point.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for pulling out a shrink-fitting member that can pull out the shrink-fitting member with a minimum pull-out force without always applying a pull-out force to the shrink-fitting member. To provide an apparatus.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the method of pulling out the shrink-fitted member, the shrink-fitted member that has been shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitted member is applied to the shrink-fitted member by a vibrator. The shrink-fitting member is heated by the heating means while the shrink-fitting member is loosened by thermal expansion, and immediately after the shrink-fitting member is rotated about the to-be-fitted member, the shrink-fitting member is pulled by the drawing means. A pulling force is applied, and thus the shrink fitting member is extracted from the shrink fitting member.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitted member that has been shrink-fitted onto a shrink-fitted member from the shrink-fitted member, and applying vibration to the shrink-fitted member in a shrink-fitting member extraction device. Heating means for heating the shrink-fitting member, and immediately after the shrink-fitting member is loosened by thermal expansion and the shrink-fitting member is rotated about the to-be-fitted member, a pulling force is applied to the shrink-fitting member. It has a feature in that it has a pulling-out means to act.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 2, the vibrator is attached to a bracket fixed to the shrink fitting member.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 3, the vibrator is detachably attached to the bracket by a magnet.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 2 to 4, the to-be-fired fitting member is composed of a rotating shaft.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 2 to 5, the shrink-fitting member is made of a coupling.

  A seventh aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention of any one of the second to sixth aspects, the heating means comprises a burner.

  The invention according to an eighth aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the second to sixth aspects, the heating means comprises a high frequency induction heating coil.

  The invention described in claim 9 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 2 to 8, the pulling means is hydraulic.

  The invention described in claim 10 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 2 to 9, the pull-out means uses a gear puller.

  According to this invention, the shrink-fitting member is heated by the heating means, the shrink-fitting member is loosened by thermal expansion, and immediately after the shrink-fitting member is rotated around the to-be-fitted member, the shrink fitting member is pulled out by the pulling means. By applying a force, there is no need to always apply a pulling force to the shrink-fitting member, so there is no risk of mechanical damage to the shrink-fitting member or shrink-fitting member.

  Further, according to the present invention, the shrink fitting member is heated by the heating means while applying vibration to the shrink fitting member by the vibrator, and immediately after the shrink fitting member is rotated by the loosening of the shrink fitting member due to thermal expansion, the shrink fitting member is rotated. By applying a pulling force to the fitting member by the pulling means, it is possible to pull out the shrink fitting member with a minimum pulling force. Therefore, there is no possibility that the shrink-fitted member or the shrink-fitted member is mechanically damaged from this point.

  Further, according to the present invention, the shrink-fitted member can be prevented from being deteriorated due to high-temperature heating by intensively heating the shrink-fitted member with the high-frequency induction heating coil.

  Further, according to the present invention, by applying vibration to the shrink-fit member by the vibrator, the shrink-fit member and the shrink-fit member collide with each other, and as a result, the shrink-fit member is likely to loosen. From this point, the shrink-fitting member can be easily pulled out. This phenomenon is effective when the shrink-fitting member and the shrink-fitting member are fitted in a galling state.

It is a front view which shows the drawing-out apparatus of the shrink fitting member of this invention. It is a top view which shows the drawing-out apparatus of the shrink fitting member of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 1 which shows after rotation of a coupling. It is a front view which shows the state by which the coupling was pulled out. It is sectional drawing which shows the state before extraction of the bearing inner ring | wheel by the conventional extraction method. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after extraction of the bearing inner ring | wheel by the conventional extraction method.

  An embodiment of the shrink-fitting member extracting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing a shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 showing the rotation of the coupling, and FIG.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating shaft as a shrink-fitted member of the motor, and 2 denotes a coupling as a shrink-fitting member that is shrink-fitted to the rotating shaft 1. For example, the coupling 2 is bolted to a pump-side coupling attached to a rotating shaft of the pump, whereby the pump is driven by a motor.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a U-shaped bracket that is bolted to the coupling 2. At the center of the bracket 3, an opening 3 a is formed through which a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder described later passes.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a vibration exciter (vibrator) fixed to one side surface of the bracket 3. The vibrator 4 has a function of imparting vibration to the heated coupling 2 and is detachably attached to the bracket 3 with a magnet.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a means for pulling out the coupling 2. The drawing means 5 includes a plurality of connecting rods that connect a pair of one (left side in the figure) and the other (right side in the figure) plate members 6 and 7 with one plate member 6 and the other plate member 7 at a predetermined interval. 8 and a hydraulic cylinder 9 that is horizontally fixed to the inner central portion of the other plate member 7.

  The tip of the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is in contact with the tip of the rotating shaft 1 through the opening 3 a of the bracket 3. The connecting rod 8 is screwed between the pair of plate members 6 and 7. An opening 6 a through which the rotary shaft 1 can be inserted is formed at the center of one plate member 6. One plate 6 is divided into two so as to be connectable.

  The pulling means 5 may use a known gear puller.

  According to the shrink-fitting member pulling-out device of the present invention configured as described above, the coupling 2 is pulled out from the rotating shaft 1 as follows.

  After passing through the rotating shaft 1 in a state where one plate member 6 of the pulling means 5 is divided, the one plate member 6 is brought into contact with the side surface of the coupling 2.

  Next, the pair of plate members 6 and the other plate member 7 are connected by the connecting rod 8.

  Next, the tip of the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 passes through the opening 3 a of the bracket 3 and is brought into contact with the tip of the rotating shaft 1.

  Next, after the vibration exciter 4 is adsorbed to the bracket 3, the coupling 2 is heated by a heating means such as a burner while continuously applying vibration to the coupling 2. The heating means may be a high frequency induction heating coil or the like other than the burner.

  When the coupling 2 is thermally expanded by the heating means and loosens with respect to the rotating shaft 1, the coupling 2 is moved in the direction of the arrow in the drawing by the weight of the bracket 3 and the vibrator 4 as shown in FIG. Rotate. The presence or absence of rotation can be easily confirmed visually.

  In this way, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is operated immediately after the coupling 2 rotates. When the piston rod 10 is pushed out by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 9, the one plate member 6 is in contact with the side surface of the coupling 2, so that the coupling 2 is rotated by the reaction of the pushing force of the piston rod 10. Pulled out from 1. Thus, the risk of the coupling 2 being gnawed can be reduced by pulling out the coupling 2 while continuously applying vibration to the coupling 2.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the coupling 2 is heated by the heating means, the coupling 2 is loosened by thermal expansion, and immediately after the coupling 2 rotates about the rotary shaft 1, the coupling 2 By applying a pulling force to the coupling 2 by the pulling means 5, there is no need to always apply a pulling force to the coupling 2, so there is no possibility of mechanical damage to the coupling 2 or the rotating shaft 1.

  Further, according to the present invention, immediately after the coupling 2 is heated by the heating means while applying vibration to the coupling 2 by the vibration exciter 4, and the coupling 2 is rotated by loosening of the coupling 2 due to thermal expansion, By applying a pulling force to the coupling 2 by the pulling means 5, the coupling 2 can be pulled out with a minimum pulling force. Therefore, there is no fear of mechanical damage to the coupling 2 and the rotating shaft 1 from this point.

  Further, according to the present invention, the coupling 2 is intensively heated by the high frequency induction heating coil, so that the deterioration of the rotating shaft 1 due to high temperature heating can be prevented.

  In the above, the rotating shaft 1 of the motor is taken as an example of the shrink-fitted member and the coupling 2 is taken as an example of the shrink-fitted member. However, the shrink-fitted member and the shrink-fitted member are not limited to these, Of course, it may be a member.

1: Rotating shaft 2: Coupling 3: Bracket 3a: Opening 4: Vibrator 5: Pull-out means 6: One plate material 6a: Opening 7: The other plate material 8: Connecting rod 9: Hydraulic cylinder 10: Piston rod 11: Carriage 12: Table 13: Lifting cylinder 14: Mounting base 15: Cylinder 15a: Flange 16: Piston rod 16a: Jaw part 17: Axle 18: Bearing inner ring 19: Pulling plate 20: Pulling rod 21: Heating coil 22: Positioning tool 23 : Wheel 24: Rail

Claims (10)

In the method of pulling out the shrink-fitting member, pulling out the shrink-fitting member shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitting member from the shrink-fitting member,
The shrink fitting member is heated by heating means while applying vibration to the shrink fitting member by a vibrator, the shrink fitting member is loosened by thermal expansion, and the shrink fitting member is rotated about the shrink fitting member. Immediately after, a pulling force is applied to the shrink-fitted member by a pulling means, and thus the shrink-fitted member is pulled out from the to-be-fitted member. In the pull-out device of the shrink-fitting member, pulling out the shrink-fitting member shrink-fitted on the shrink-fitting member from the shrink fit member,
A vibrator for applying vibration to the shrink-fitting member, a heating means for heating the shrink-fitting member, the shrink-fitting member is loosened by thermal expansion, and the shrink-fitting member is rotated about the to-be-fitted member. An apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitting member, comprising: a pull-out means for applying a pull-out force to the shrink-fitting member immediately after the shrinking.   The apparatus for extracting a shrink-fitting member according to claim 2, wherein the vibration exciter is attached to a bracket fixed to the shrink-fitting member.   4. The shrink-fitting member extraction device according to claim 3, wherein the vibration exciter is detachably attached to the bracket by a magnet.   The shrink-fitting member extraction device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the shrink-fitting member comprises a rotating shaft.   6. The shrink-fitting member extracting device according to claim 2, wherein the shrink-fitting member is made of a coupling.   The apparatus for pulling out a shrink-fitting member according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the heating means comprises a burner.   7. The shrink-fitting member extracting device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the heating means comprises a high frequency induction heating coil.   9. The shrink-fitting member pulling device according to claim 2, wherein the pulling means is a hydraulic type.   The pull-out device for shrink-fitting members according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the pull-out means uses a gear puller.

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