JP6226328B2 - Laser cutting method - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, when laser cutting a plurality of products having corner portions arranged on a material to be cut, the cut product can be surely taken out from the material to be cut, and the remaining material can be easily processed. The present invention relates to a laser cutting method.

  A gas cutting torch, a plasma cutting torch, or a laser cutting torch may be used to cut a plurality of products having corners such as a rectangle or a rectangle from a material to be cut such as a steel plate or a stainless steel plate having a large size. When performing such cutting, a plurality of products having corners to be cut are arranged (nested) at predetermined intervals on the material to be cut, and these products are cut individually. Is common.

  The interval between adjacent products arranged on the material to be cut varies depending on whether the cutting method employed is a gas cutting method, a plasma cutting method, or a laser cutting method. For example, when the laser cutting method is adopted, the interval between adjacent products is generally set to about 5 mm to 6 mm.

  On the other hand, in a material to be cut that has finished cutting a plurality of products, the product and the remaining material (material to be cut) exist on the same plane, and therefore, an operation of taking out the product from this plane is performed. When the work of taking out a large number of products cut from the material to be cut is performed manually, it is necessary to input a large number of man-hours. For this reason, there has been proposed an apparatus that mechanically performs an operation of separating and taking out a cut product from a material to be cut.

  For example, the cutting processing device described in Patent Document 1 includes a cutting device placed on the inner rail, a sorting device placed on the outer rail and having an inner peripheral dimension larger than the outer peripheral dimension of the cutting device, and a cutting device And a control device for controlling the device and the sorting device. In particular, the sorting device is provided with a suction head having a plurality of suction members, and the suction head is configured to suck and lift the product cut from the material to be cut.

  In the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, when a cut product is separated from a material to be cut, the product is formed on the material to be cut by adsorbing and raising the product by an adsorption head (adsorption member). It is taken out from the material to be cut by passing the cut groove.

Japanese Patent No. 2824277 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-008570)

  When a product cut from a material to be cut is adsorbed and taken out by an adsorption member using the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, the product cut by gas cutting or plasma cutting can be reliably separated and taken out. However, when a product having corners is cut by laser cutting, the product cannot be smoothly separated from the material to be cut, and there is a problem that the operation of taking out the material from the material to be cut is not easy.

  Further, when the product is separated and taken out from the material to be cut, the material to be cut is left in a continuous rib shape corresponding to the interval between the products. Such a remaining material cannot be adsorbed by the adsorbing member, and the operation when moving to the scrap yard becomes difficult. For this reason, it is necessary to manually cut the rib-shaped portion, which causes a problem that disposal processing is not easy.

  An object of the present invention is to ensure that when a plurality of products having corners arranged on a material to be cut are cut by a laser cutting torch, the work for taking out the products can be reliably performed, and the remaining material is disposed of. Another object of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting method that can be easily performed.

  In order to solve the above problems, a laser cutting method according to the present invention is a method for laser cutting a plurality of products having corners arranged on a material to be cut. A plurality of products having corners to be cut from the material are arranged with a predetermined interval, and when the corners of each product are cut, the corners are formed from one side constituting the corners. The side of the other side that forms the corner by cutting between the product having the adjacent corner in the extension direction of the side beyond the portion and continuing from the cutting in the extension direction of the one side By cutting from the extending direction of the other side and cutting the other side, a continuous kerf is formed between the products having other corners adjacent to each corner, and arranged on the material to be cut. Multiple products with curved corners are connected to products with other corners adjacent to each corner. By forming to cutting the kerf that, by crossing the continuous kerf each other, is characterized in that by cutting the remaining material at the same time separated from the other remaining materials.

  In the laser cutting method according to the present invention, when cutting a product having corners arranged with a predetermined interval with respect to the material to be cut, corners from one side to one product are cut. A continuous kerf can be formed by continuously cutting beyond the extending direction of the other side and cutting the other side from the extending direction of the other side. The same cutting is performed on other adjacent products, and the cut grooves formed corresponding to the corners are intersected with the cut grooves that are already formed, so that the products are cut and adjacent at the same time. The remaining material between the products can be cut and separated from other remaining materials.

  For this reason, a plurality of remaining materials existing between adjacent products are independent from each other, and when the product is taken out, even if the product is misaligned and contacts the remaining material, the remaining material is brought into contact with the product. The material will also be displaced. As described above, when the cut product is taken out from the material to be cut, the material to be cut between adjacent products does not become an obstacle to the work. Therefore, smooth separation of the cut product from the material to be cut can be realized, and the work for taking out the product from the material to be cut can be easily performed.

  In particular, the remaining material between the cut products is cut at portions corresponding to the corners of the product, and after taking out the product, the frame-shaped remaining material and the rod-shaped remaining material are left ( (See Figure 2). For this reason, when processing the remaining material after taking out a product, the site | part which requires a cutting | disconnection decreases, and a disposal process can be performed easily.

It is a figure explaining the locus | trajectory of the cutting torch at the time of cut | disconnecting the some product which has the corner | angular part arranged in the to-be-cut material. It is a figure explaining the state of the to-be-cut material after the cutting | disconnection with respect to a some product is complete | finished. It is a figure explaining the state of the to-be-cut material corresponding to the corner | angular part of the cut | disconnected product, and is the B section detailed drawing of FIG.

  The laser cutting method according to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “cutting method”) will be described below. The cutting method according to the present invention cuts a plurality of products having corners arranged (nested) with a predetermined interval with respect to the material to be cut in an extending direction from one side beyond the corners. After that, by continuously cutting the other side, a continuous kerf is formed in the material to be cut corresponding to the corner, and the continuous kerfs formed for each corner of the adjacent product intersect each other. To cut.

  As described above, by cutting a plurality of products from a material to be cut by laser, the material to be cut between adjacent products corresponds to the opposite sides of the product, and connects these sides to face each other. Two sides correspond to the intersecting part of the kerf formed continuously. That is, when the cutting of the plurality of products with respect to the material to be cut is completed, the material to be cut is formed with a plurality of independent products cut and a plurality of independent remaining materials existing between adjacent products. Is done.

  For this reason, the cut product and the remaining material existing between the products can move independently of each other, and even if a positional shift occurs when the product is taken out from the material to be cut, the residual material is left with the positional shift. The material can also be displaced. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily take out the cut product and to discard the remaining material.

  The continuous shape when forming continuous kerfs in the extending direction of each side of the product on the material to be cut corresponding to the corner of the product is not limited, but it is a continuous shape in an arc shape or a polygonal shape including a triangle Any continuous shape may be used. However, the continuous kerf formed in the workpiece corresponding to the corner of the product needs to intersect with the continuous kerf formed corresponding to the corner of the adjacent product. For this reason, the position farthest from the corner of the kerf formed in a continuous shape is set to a dimension larger than half of the interval dimension set between adjacent products.

  The structure of the cutting apparatus for carrying out the cutting method according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can cut a product having a corner from a material to be cut using a mounted laser cutting torch. . As such a cutting device, there are a cutting device for a large material to be cut, a cutting robot for a relatively small material to be cut, and any of them can be adopted.

  As a large-sized cutting device, a gate-type garter placed on a rail so as to be able to run, a carriage placed on the garter so as to be able to traverse, a laser cutting torch mounted on the carriage, a garter, and a transverse carriage And a numerical control (NC) device that controls the operation of the laser cutting torch. In addition, as a cutting robot, there is a robot that includes an articulated arm having a laser cutting torch at the tip and an NC device. In these cutting devices, the NC device controls the travel of the garter and the traverse of the carriage, or the articulated arm, and also controls the operation of the laser cutting torch, thereby cutting the target product having a corner from the object to be cut. It is possible.

  The specification of the laser oscillator for carrying out the cutting method according to the present invention is not limited, and a laser oscillator such as a carbon dioxide laser oscillator or a fiber laser oscillator can be selectively used. Then, an optimum laser cutting torch corresponding to the selected laser oscillator is selected and mounted on the cutting device.

  The material of the material to be cut is not particularly limited, and a material that can be cut by a laser cutting torch including a steel plate or a stainless steel plate can be used. Moreover, the plate | board thickness of a to-be-cut material is not limited, It changes according to the output of a laser oscillator.

  In the present invention, the product cut from the material to be cut has corners. The angle of the corner is not limited, and when the corner of the product comes into contact with a corner formed at a corresponding portion on the workpiece side, the angle may be locked and hinder smooth separation. Is included. That is, the corners of the product include acute corners and obtuse corners.

  Further, the means for taking out the product having the corner from the material to be cut is not limited, and the sorting device and the picking device described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be used. However, it may be separated and removed manually. Whether using a machine or manually, it is possible to smoothly remove a cut product from the material to be cut, and to smoothly and easily dispose of the remaining material left between the products. Can be realized.

  Next, an embodiment of the cutting method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of products 1 (9 sheets in this embodiment) having a corner portion 1 a and sides 1 b and 1 c having dimensions set in advance are set in advance on the material A to be cut. Are arranged (nested) with an interval dimension L. Based on this arrangement, conditions such as a moving path of a laser cutting torch (not shown) and product dimensions are set.

  That is, the position of the piercing point P that is the starting point of laser cutting is set for each product 1 arranged on the material A to be cut, and the introduction line 2 or product 1 from the piercing point P of the laser cutting torch to the product 1 is set. A moving path 3 is set along the cutting direction when cutting the sides 1b and 1c. The movement information of the laser cutting torch is set based on these set conditions.

  Further, cutting conditions including cutting speed and laser oscillator output are set based on the thickness and material of the material A to be cut, and cutting information is set based on these cutting conditions. Each information and other information necessary for the operation of the laser cutting torch are input to the NC apparatus.

  In particular, the movement information of the laser cutting torch at the part corresponding to the corner 1a of the product 1 of the material A to be cut is input to the NC device in advance regardless of the dimensions of the sides 1b and 1c of the product 1. . That is, the cutting path 4 through which the laser cutting torch continuously cuts the workpiece A when the side 1c (1b) of the product 1 is cut and then the side 1c (1b) is continuously cut. Is set in advance, and the movement information of the cutting path 4 is input to the NC unit.

  In the present embodiment, by continuously cutting in the extending direction of the sides 1b and 1c of the product 1, the kerf 5 formed in the workpiece A corresponding to the corner 1a is formed in an arc shape. For this reason, after cutting one side 1b or side 1c (hereinafter referred to as side 1b) of the product 1, a cutting path 4 by a laser cutting torch leading to the other side 1c or side 1b (hereinafter referred to as side 1c). Is set in such a manner that it continues in the extending direction of the side 1b, then moves in an arc shape (approximately 3/4 circle), and is then introduced into the side 1c from the extending direction of the side 1c (see FIG. 3). ).

  When the arcuate kerf 5 is formed in the workpiece A corresponding to the corner 1a of the product 1, the diameter of the arc is larger than 1/2 of the interval L between adjacent products 1. Is set to For example, when the interval dimension L is set to 5 mm, the diameter of the arc is set to about 3 mm to 4 mm. Further, the position of the center of the arc is set on the bisector of the corner 1a so as to be separated from the sides 1b and 1c by a radius.

  Accordingly, the cutting path 4 by the laser cutting torch has a straight line portion corresponding to the radius of the arc starting from the corner 1a of the product 1 and extending in the extending direction of the side 1b, and approximately 3/4 circles continuous to the straight line portion. An arc-shaped portion and a straight portion corresponding to the radius of the arc extending from the extending direction of the side 1c toward the side 1c and continuing to the arc-shaped portion are configured.

  Next, the procedure for cutting the workpiece A by controlling the laser cutting torch in accordance with the above information will be described.

  First, a laser cutting torch is made to face a piercing point P set in the vicinity of the product 1 in the workpiece A, and laser light is irradiated toward the workpiece A and an assist gas is injected to perform piercing. Then, a hole penetrating the cut material A in the thickness direction is formed. Thereafter, cutting is started from the piercing point P along the moving path 3 along the sides 1b and 1c of the product 1 through the introduction line 2.

  When the laser cutting torch cuts the side 1b of the product 1 and reaches the corner 1a, the laser cutting torch is controlled in the moving direction and operating conditions according to the cutting information set in the cutting path 4, and the material A to be cut Disconnection for is continued. That is, the side 1b of the product 1 is cut and the laser cutting torch that has reached the corner 1a is moved in the extending direction in a state where cutting is continued, and the arc is extended along the cutting path 4 to the extending direction of the side 1c. Then, it is cut from the extended side of the side 1c.

  As a result of cutting the product 1 as described above, an arc-shaped cut groove 5 continuous with the sides 1b and 1c of the product 1 is formed in the workpiece A corresponding to the corner 1a of the product 1. In particular, since the arc-shaped cut groove 5 has a small diameter of 3 mm to 4 mm, the base material surrounded by the arc is melted and removed from the material A, and the cut groove 5 has a continuous groove shape. It becomes a large hole shape.

  When the cutting for one product 1 is completed, the laser cutting torch performs a new cutting for the other product 1 arranged on the material A to be cut. At this time, the product 1 to be newly cut does not necessarily have to be adjacent to the product 1 that has already been cut, and is in a sufficiently separated position that is less affected by the heat of the product 1 that has already been cut. Product 1 may be used.

  The cutting procedure for the plurality of products 1 arranged on the material A to be cut by the laser cutting torch is the same, and each time the individual product 1 is cut, an arcuate groove 5 corresponding to the corner 1a is formed. It is formed. When all the products 1 arranged on the workpiece A are cut, the arcuate kerf 5 formed on the workpiece A corresponding to the corner 1a of each adjacent product 1 is shown in FIG. As shown, they will cross each other.

  As a result, the material A to be cut between the adjacent products 1 has two sides 12a formed by the kerf 11 corresponding to the side 1b or the side 1c of the product 1, and intersects the portion corresponding to the corner 1a. The arcuate kerf 5 forms two sides 12b consisting of a straight line and an arc. For this reason, the independent remaining material 13 which has edge | sides 12a and 12b will be formed in the to-be-cut material A pinched | interposed between the adjacent products 1. FIG.

  Therefore, the material A to be cut after cutting all of the plurality of arranged products 1 is formed into a plurality of products formed between the plurality of cut products 1 and the adjacent products 1 as shown in FIG. It is divided into a remaining material 13 and a frame-shaped remaining material 14. Further, between the remaining members 13, arc-shaped kerfs 5 are formed as concentrated holes.

  When the workpiece A is cut as described above, the plurality of products 1 and the remaining material 13 are independent from each other, and a positional shift occurs when each product 1 is taken out, so that the corner portion 1a becomes the remaining material 13. Even in such a case, the remaining material 13 does not become an obstacle. For this reason, it is possible to easily and reliably perform the work when the product 1 is taken out from the workpiece A.

  Moreover, after taking out all the products 1 from the to-be-cut material A, the frame-shaped residual material 14 and the rod-shaped residual material 13 between the adjacent products 1 will be left. For this reason, it is only necessary to collect the remaining material 13, although it is necessary to cut the frame-shaped remaining material 14 at the time of disposal. Accordingly, it is possible to easily perform the work when the remaining materials 13 and 14 are disposed of.

  The laser cutting method according to the present invention is advantageous when used in a laser cutting apparatus that performs continuous operation for a long time, because it enables the product to be easily taken out and the remaining material to be discarded.

A Material to be cut 1 Product 1a Corner 1b, 1c Side 2 Introduction line 3 Movement path 4 Cutting path 5, 11 Cut groove 12a, 12b Side 13 Remaining material 14 Frame-like remaining material

Claims (1)

A method for laser cutting a plurality of products having corners arranged on a workpiece,
In the material to be cut, a plurality of products having corners to be cut from the material to be cut are arranged with a preset interval,
When cutting the corners of each product,
Cutting from the side of one side constituting the corner to the product having an adjacent corner in the extending direction of the side beyond the corner, and continuous from cutting in the extending direction of the side of the one side By cutting from the extending direction of the other side constituting the corner and cutting the other side, it is continuous between products having other corners adjacent to each corner. Formed kerfs,
By cutting a plurality of products having corners arranged on the material to be cut by forming continuous kerfs between products having other corners adjacent to each corner, the continuous cutting is performed. A laser cutting method characterized in that the remaining materials are simultaneously cut and separated from other remaining materials by intersecting the grooves.

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