JP6227907B2 - Processing machine with spindle motor and its operating method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal or glass plate processing machine, particularly to a processing machine having a spindle motor with a built-in cooling fan, and to the above-mentioned machine having a control means for avoiding wasteful power consumption and its operating method. is there.

  Many processing machines have a spindle motor as a main shaft motor for driving a main shaft of a lathe, a tool shaft of a machining center, a grindstone driving shaft of a grinding apparatus, and the like. Normally, these processing machines equipped with the NC device are automatically operated according to the processing program, but are manually operated when performing machine operation confirmation, test machining, processing program operation confirmation, and the like. For manual operation, pure manual operation that specifies the cutting depth and feed rate from the keyboard of the operation panel for each commanded operation, or operation for each step or block of the machining program every time the switch on the operation panel is pressed. There is also a manual operation that can be said to be semi-automatic, but in any manual operation, when the operation started by the switch on the operation panel is completed, the machine waits in a stopped state until the next operation command is received.

  The machine or the NC device does not recognize whether the operator is in front of the operation panel, and cannot recognize the intention of the operator even if a camera or the like is installed to recognize the presence or absence of the operator. For example, when an operation for changing a parameter (constant) set in a machine or a machining program is performed based on a result of a machine operation commanded by an operator, a long time may be waited while the machine is stopped.

  During this standby, the power of the machine and NC device is turned on, but the spindle is stopped, so the spindle motor itself that drives it consumes little power. However, the spindle motor, whose original operation mode is continuous rotation, cools the motor by providing a cooling fan inside to avoid a decrease in the rated output due to a temperature rise. For this reason, a processing machine equipped with a spindle motor consumes electric power because the cooling fan continues to rotate even when the machine is stopped.

  As described above, during manual operation, there is always a situation in which the machine waits for an input of an operation command from the operator, and the operator waits in a stopped state, so that the operator can calculate parameters or change settings for the next operation. It may happen that the machine is stopped for a long time because it takes time and makes a meeting with the creator of the machining program to check whether the machine operation is correct.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to save energy by stopping the operation of the cooling fan that continues to consume electric power during such a long stoppage of the machine. In this case, the rated output of the spindle motor differs depending on the duty ratio of rotation and stop, and the machine designer chooses a motor with a load that is less than the rated output in consideration of the duty ratio and mounts it on the machine. Therefore, the time interval from when the motor stops to when the cooling fan stops operating cannot be set to a fixed time.

  The spindle motor is equipped with a thermistor that measures the internal temperature of the motor in order to avoid failure and reduced life due to overload. When the detected temperature of this thermistor falls below the set value It is also possible to stop the operation of the cooling fan. However, it is considered that the cooling inside the motor does not depend only on the cooling fan, and the operation of the cooling fan also depends on what curve is drawn and the temperature rises when the operation is started after the stop. The internal temperature of the motor that can be stopped is considered to change, and it is considered inappropriate to stop the operation of the cooling fan only by the internal temperature of the motor as a means to satisfy both the protection of the motor and the energy saving. It is done.

  Therefore, the present invention avoids wasteful power consumption while the spindle motor during manual operation is stopped, and rationally stops the operation of the cooling fan in the spindle motor without adversely affecting the performance and life of the motor. It is an object of the present invention to provide means for reducing power consumption by performing the above.

The present invention detects the internal temperature T2, exterior surface temperature T1, and external temperature Ta of the motor during operation of the processing machine equipped with the spindle motor 1 incorporating the cooling fan 13, especially during manual operation, and detects the internal temperature. The spindle when T2 and the exterior surface temperature T1 and the difference between the internal temperature and the exterior surface temperature and the outside air temperature T2-Ta, T1-Ta become below the preset temperatures T2max, T1max, T2amax, T1amax, respectively. The operation of the cooling fan 13 built in the motor 1 is stopped, and at this time, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is started when the operation of the spindle motor 1 is started.

  Specifically, an exterior that detects the exterior surface temperature of the motor 1 is provided on a processing machine that includes a spindle motor 1 that has a cooling fan 13 that cools the air inside the motor and an internal sensor 12 that detects the internal temperature of the motor. A sensor 11, an external sensor a for detecting the outside air temperature, and an electromagnetic switch 14 for turning on / off the cooling fan 13 are installed. Then, the controller 2 for controlling the processing machine has a set value T1max of the motor exterior surface temperature, a set value T2max of the internal temperature, a set value T1amax of the difference between the motor exterior surface temperature T1 and the outside air temperature Ta, and the internal temperature T2 and the outside air temperature. Setters 21 to 24 for registering a set value T2amax of the difference of Ta and a fan control means 25 are provided.

  The fan control means 25 is used to set the set values T1max, T2max, T1amax, T2amax of the setting devices 21, 22, 23, 24 corresponding to the detected temperatures of the sensors 11, 12 and the temperature differences T1, T2, T1-Ta, T2-Ta. When it becomes below, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is stopped.

  Further, the controller 2 is provided with a time setter 26 and a timer 27. The time setter 26 measures and registers in advance the time td when the internal temperature T2 reaches the outside air temperature after the spindle motor 1 stops, When the motor 1 is stopped, the timer 27 starts counting, and when the time measured by the timer 27 reaches the time registered in the time setting unit 26, the operation of the cooling fan is also stopped. When the spindle motor 1 starts rotating when the cooling fan 13 is stopped, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is also started.

  Without affecting the duty cycle of the spindle motor, the cooling fan built in the motor is operated when ventilation cooling is required, and the cooling fan operation is stopped when ventilation cooling is not required. Can be planned.

Block diagram of the main part of a lathe equipped with a spindle motor Graph showing the internal temperature rise and fall patterns during spindle motor operation and shutdown Flow chart showing control procedure Flow chart showing other control procedures

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a lathe as an example of a processing machine according to the present invention. A spindle (not shown in the figure) supported on the spindle stock 3 includes a chuck 4 for gripping a workpiece at the tip, and a spindle motor (spindle motor) 1 via a pulley 5, a V belt 6 and a pulley 7. Is driven to rotate. Reference numeral 8 denotes a turret tool post.

  The spindle motor 1 is operated via a main switch 15 of the machine, an electromagnetic switch 16 for turning on / off the motor, and a speed controller 17. The spindle motor 1 is provided with a cooling fan 13 that cools the air inside the motor and a thermistor 12 that detects the internal temperature. The detected temperature T2 of the thermistor 12 is input to the controller 2. In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the temperature sensor 11 is mounted on the exterior surface of the spindle motor 1, and the detected temperature T 1 is input to the controller 2. In addition, an electromagnetic switch 14 for turning on / off the power of the cooling fan 13 with a built-in motor under the control of the controller 2 is additionally installed. Furthermore, a temperature sensor a for detecting the outside air temperature around the machine is provided, and the detected temperature Ta of this temperature sensor is also input to the controller 2.

  The setting devices 21 to 24 provided in the controller 2 include a setting value T1max to be compared with the motor exterior surface temperature T1 detected by the temperature sensor 11, a setting value T2max to be compared with the temperature T2 detected by the thermistor 12 built in the motor, A difference between the exterior surface temperature T1 and the outside air temperature Ta, that is, a set value T1amax to be compared with T1-Ta and a set value T2amax to be compared with the difference between the internal temperature T2 and the outside air temperature Ta are registered in advance. These set values are values derived from the specifications of the spindle motor 1 to be used, operation results, and the like.

  Further, in the example shown in the figure, a timer 27 that starts timing when the spindle motor 1 stops, and a time setting unit 26 that registers a time td from when the motor 1 stops until the internal temperature of the motor reaches the outside temperature. Is provided. The time td is the time when the motor is operated under various conditions and the outside air temperature, and the temperature detected by the thermistor built in the motor becomes the outside air temperature after the motor stops. Just set a value.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the fan control means 25 in the lathe configured as described above. This procedure is called when the operation of the spindle motor is stopped in the manual operation mode. The spindle motor 1 may be energized to the coil and the rotation angle of the armature may be fixed. However, the stop here means that the energization to the coil is interrupted and the armature can freely rotate. Say that has become.

  When the procedure is called, it first resets the timer and starts counting, provided that the manual operation mode is continued, the motor is not energized and the stop time has not reached time td, Whether the motor exterior surface temperature T1, the internal temperature T2, the exterior surface temperature / outside air temperature difference T1-Ta and the internal temperature / outside air temperature difference T2-Ta are larger than the respective set values T1max, T2max, T1amax, and T2amax. In comparison, when all of these temperatures and temperature differences become smaller than their set values, the operation of the cooling fan 13 built in the spindle motor 1 is stopped. Even if these values are equal to or greater than the set values, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is similarly stopped if the count value of the timer is equal to or greater than td. When the operation of the cooling fan is stopped, the switching of the operation mode and the energization of the spindle motor are monitored, and the operation of the cooling fan 13 is started when the operation mode is lost or when the motor is energized. Exit.

  In addition to heat radiation by cooling the inside of the motor with the cooling fan 13, heat radiation of the spindle motor includes heat radiation by radiation from the outer surface of the motor and heat transfer to the outside air. In the present invention, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is stopped in consideration of not only the internal temperature of the motor but also the heat radiation from the exterior surface. Therefore, more efficient energy saving can be achieved by stopping the operation of the cooling fan. In addition, an energy-saving operation is possible in consideration of the magnitude of the load (the rate of increase in the motor internal temperature) when the operation is resumed after stopping.

  In the example of FIG. 3, when the exterior surface temperature of the motor, the internal temperature, the difference between the exterior surface temperature and the outside air temperature, and the difference between the inside temperature and the outside air temperature all become smaller than those set values, the operation of the cooling fan 13 is performed. As shown in FIG. 4, the exterior surface temperature T1, the internal temperature T2, the difference T1-Ta between the exterior surface temperature and the outside air temperature, and the difference T2-Ta between the inside temperature and the outside air temperature are as shown in FIG. It is compared whether or not the set values T1max, T2max, T1amax and T2amax are larger than each other, and when any of these temperatures and temperature differences becomes smaller than the set value, the operation of the cooling fan 13 built in the spindle motor is stopped. It can also be done. Further, the controller is provided with a fan control means for executing the procedure of FIG. 3, a fan control means for executing the procedure of FIG. 4, and a selection means thereof, depending on the installation environment of the processing apparatus and the use situation of the spindle motor. Any procedure can be selected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spindle motor 2 Controller 10 Processing machine 11 Temperature sensor a Temperature sensor T1 Exterior surface temperature T1max set value T2 Internal temperature T2max Set value T2max Second set value T2amax Set value Ta Outside temperature td Time

Claims (4)

In a processing machine provided with a spindle motor having a cooling fan that cools air inside the motor and an internal sensor that detects the internal temperature of the motor,
A switch for turning on and off the power supply of the cooling fan, an exterior sensor for detecting an exterior surface temperature of the motor, an external sensor for detecting an outside air temperature, a temperature and temperature difference setting device, and a fan control means. The control means, when the detected internal temperature and exterior surface temperature, and the difference between the internal temperature and exterior surface temperature and the outside air temperature is equal to or less than a preset temperature or a preset temperature difference registered in the setting device for each And a processing machine having a spindle motor that stops the operation of the cooling fan and starts the operation of the cooling fan when the motor is energized when the operation is stopped.   The processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the fan control unit is called only during manual operation of the processing machine.   A time setting unit for registering a time for the internal temperature to reach an outside air temperature after the motor is stopped, and a timer for measuring an elapsed time after the motor is stopped, and the fan control means includes: The processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the cooling fan is also stopped when the time counted by the time registered in the time setting device has elapsed. In an operation method at the time of manual operation of a processing machine provided with a cooling fan for cooling the air inside the motor and a spindle motor incorporating a temperature detection means inside the motor,
A sensor for detecting the surface temperature of the exterior of the motor and a sensor for detecting the outside air temperature are provided, and the detected internal temperature and exterior surface temperature and the difference between the internal temperature and the exterior surface temperature and the outside air temperature are processed for each. When the temperature falls below the preset temperature registered in the controller of the machine, the cooling fan built in the motor is stopped, and when the motor is energized when the operation stops, the cooling fan is operated. How to start the processing machine to start.

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