JP6250964B2 - Tool edge detection method and tool setter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for detecting a cutting edge of a tool mounted on a tool post of a machine tool and an apparatus (tool setter) used in the method. The present invention relates to a moving spindle of a two-spindle opposed lathe equipped with a plurality of tool posts. The present invention relates to the above method and apparatus that are particularly effective for detecting the cutting edge of a tool that processes a gripped workpiece.

  The machining shape of a workpiece (processing object) by a machine tool is determined by how the cutting edge of the tool is moved relative to the workpiece. On the other hand, the controller of the machine tool controls the relative positional relationship between the spindle to which the workpiece is fixed and the tool post on which the tool is mounted.

  Various tools corresponding to the type of processing are mounted on the tool post. Since the length and direction of protrusion from the tool rest differ depending on the tool, the positional relationship from the reference position of the tool rest (the position recognized or controlled by the controller) to the tool cutting edge must be registered in the controller in advance. The desired processing cannot be performed. Therefore, when the tool is attached to the tool post, the position of the tool edge (tool correction value or tool offset value, hereinafter referred to as “tool correction value”) relative to the reference position of the tool post is set in the controller. The position of the tool post is shifted (offset) by this correction value so that the cutting edge comes to a desired processing position.

  The tool correction value is usually set by installing a proximity switch or touch sensor that detects the tool edge at a predetermined position, mounting the tool on the tool post, and then moving the tool post to move the tool edge. Is detected by a detection sensor, and a tool correction value is obtained based on the position of the tool post (position recognized by the controller) when the detection signal is received. An apparatus used to detect the cutting edge of a tool is called a tool setter.

  When detecting the tool cutting edge, a detection sensor must be accurately installed on the axis of the movement area of the cutting edge, preferably close to the main shaft that holds the workpiece. When this installation is performed manually, the base end of an L-shaped arm having a detection sensor attached to the tip is manually attached to a detachable tool provided on the headstock. In order to automatically detect the cutting edge, it is necessary to automatically perform the operation of moving the detection sensor to the detection position of the tool blade edge and the operation of retracting from the detection position.

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, the base end of an arm extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis is fixed to the tip of a rotating shaft parallel to the main shaft, a detection sensor is attached to the tip of the arm, and the axial movement of the rotating shaft is By turning, the arm that has advanced from the retracted position to the machining area is turned to advance and retract the detection sensor to a predetermined detection position.

  In Patent Document 3, a base end of an arm is pivotally attached to a slide base that reciprocates linearly in a direction parallel to the main axis, a cam roller is provided near the base end of the arm, and the base plate extends in the main axis direction and has a front end. Is provided with a curved guide groove to guide the cam roller. The arm advances and retreats substantially parallel to the main shaft by the linear reciprocation of the slide base, and is positioned to the side of the main shaft base when retracted. The detection sensor at the tip is moved in the main axis direction.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-81802 Japanese Utility Model Publication Sho 62-117053 JP-A-5-329702

  The detection position of the tool edge is set as close to the spindle as possible. This is for minimizing the influence of errors caused by thermal deformation of the machine on the tool correction value. When the advancement / retraction of the detection sensor to / from the detection position is automatically performed, an arm that supports the detection sensor and a tool setter including the advance / retreat apparatus are provided on the side or upper side of the headstock. When the main spindle is a fixed main spindle that does not move in the axial direction, it is possible to secure storage space for the retracted tool setter arm and advance / retreat apparatus.

  However, when the headstock moves like the moving spindle of the two-spindle facing lathe, the tool setter arm and the advancing / retreating device provided on the moving spindle table and the cover covering them also move. For example, there are restrictions on the arrangement of the tool post, its feeding device, and the work loading / unloading device.

  In the present invention, a machine tool such as a two-spindle opposed lathe having a fixed spindle and a moving spindle is usually provided with two or more tool rests, and a tool setter is provided on the moving spindle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and reasonable means for detecting the cutting edge of a tool whose cutting edge faces the moving spindle.

In the present invention, a tool setter (second tool setter referred to in claims) mounted on one tool mounting position of two tool rests provided on a machine tool. ) The above problem is solved by detecting the cutting edge of the tool 9 (9L, 9R) mounted on the other tool post at 2 (2a, 2b, 2c). The detection sensor (hereinafter referred to as “tool type sensor”) 4 of the tool type tool setter 2 mounted on one of the tool rests 7L and 7U has a reference end 22 provided in the tool type tool setter, and this reference end 22 is provided. Is detected by a tool setter (first tool setter referred to in the claims, hereinafter referred to as a “stationary tool setter”) 1 provided on the fixed spindle side, whereby the tool post 7 of the tool type tool setter 2 is detected. It can be installed at an accurate position with corrected mounting error.

  The detection of the tool cutting edge according to the present invention includes a fixed main shaft that grips a workpiece and rotates at a fixed position, a moving main shaft that faces the fixed main shaft on the same axis line a and moves in a direction approaching and separating from the fixed main shaft, This is particularly effective for detecting a tool edge of a machine tool including two or more tool rests 7.

  The cutting edge of the tool 9L with the cutting edge facing the fixed spindle side is detected by the stationary tool setter 1, and the cutting edge of the tool 9R with the cutting edge facing the moving spindle side is placed on the tool post on which the tool is not mounted. Detected by the mounted tool type tool setter 2.

  The tool type tool setter 2 has a structure in which the detection sensor 4 is provided at the tip of the shank 21 (21a, 21b, 21c) fixed to the tool post 7 and the reference end 22 is provided at an intermediate position thereof.

  According to the present invention, the tool type sensor is automatically installed at the detection position by the automatic indexing operation of the tool type tool setter and the movement operation of the tool post, and the cutting edge of the tool for processing the workpiece on the moving spindle side is set. It is possible to detect and set the tool correction value for the tool in the controller automatically.

  Therefore, it is possible to automatically set the tool correction value without providing a tool setter on the moving spindle side, and there is no need to provide a tool setter on the moving spindle table, so that the tool post, its feed device, workpiece loading / unloading device, etc. There is no problem that the arrangement is restricted.

1st figure which shows the detection operation of the tool blade edge of 1st Example Second figure Figure 3 The figure which shows the tool type tool setter used in 1st Example The figure which shows the example of the tool type tool setter used with the tool exchange type tool post 1st figure which shows the blade edge | tip detection operation | movement of 2nd Example. Second figure The figure which shows the tool type tool setter used in 2nd Example

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an example of a two-spindle opposed lathe equipped with three turret tool rests. The two main spindle opposed lathes shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have the same main axis axis a as the left main axis (not shown in the figure) supported by a fixed main spindle 5L fixed to the bed, and the axis direction of the main axis And a right spindle (not shown in the figure) supported by a movable spindle stock 5R that is movably mounted on the left spindle 6L and a right chuck for gripping workpieces at opposite ends of both spindles, respectively. 6R is installed.

One turret tool post 7U is disposed above the spindle axis a, and two turret tool posts 7L and 7R are disposed below the spindle axis a. The upper tool post 7U above the spindle axis a is in the spindle direction (Z (Axial direction) has a long moving stroke. On the other hand, the left turret 7L and the right turret 7R arranged below the spindle axis a are tools 9L mounted on the turret 8L of the left turret 7L, and mainly process the tool gripped by the left chuck 6L. The tool 9R mounted on the turret 8R of the tool post 7R is provided so as to mainly process the workpiece gripped by the right chuck 6R. Therefore, the cutting edge of the tool 9L attached to the left turret 8L faces the left side (left chuck 6L side), and the cutting edge of the tool 9R attached to the right turret 8R faces the right side (right chuck side).

  A stationary tool setter 1 is provided on the fixed spindle stock 5L. The stationary tool setter 1 has a known structure, and the base end of an arm 11 on which a detection sensor (hereinafter referred to as “stationary sensor”) 3 for detecting a tool cutting edge is mounted at the tip is planted on the fixed spindle stock 5L. The pin 12 is rotatably mounted around the pin 12. The stationary sensor 3 moves from the retracted position indicated by the imaginary line to the detection position indicated by the solid line when the tool blade edge is detected by rotating the arm 11 around the pin 12 by a driving device (not shown). The detection position is set at a position close to the left chuck 6L and the spindle axis a in order to prevent an increase in detection error due to thermal deformation of the machine. The illustrated stationary sensor 3 includes detection surfaces 3x, 3x, and 3z that allow the tool blade edge to contact the upper and lower main axis perpendicular direction (X-axis direction) plus side of the figure and the Z axis plus side for the left main axis.

  A tool type tool setter 2a as shown in FIG. 4 is mounted at one of the tool mounting stations of the upper turret 8U and one of the tool mounting stations of the left turret 8L. The tool type tool setter 2a includes a shank 21a fixed to a tool mounting station of a turret at a base end, and a detection sensor 4 is attached to the tip of the shank. This tool-type sensor 4 includes tool blade edge detection surfaces 4x and 4z on the axial front end surface of the shank 21a and the surface on the plus side of the Z-axis of the moving main shaft attached to the turrets 8L and 8U.

  The tool type tool setter 2 is provided with a reference end 22 for detection by the stationary sensor 3 on the fixed head stock side. The reference end 22 has the same shape as the cutting edge of the tool 9L with the cutting edge facing the left chuck side, and is brought into contact with the X-axis direction detection surfaces 3x and 3x and the Z-axis direction detection surface 3z of the stationary sensor 3. The reference position of the tool type sensor 4 in the state of being mounted on the turrets 8L and 8R is detected.

  Next, the tool edge detection operation will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the tool type tool setter 2a shown in FIG. 4 is attached to one place of the tool mounting station of the upper turret 8U and the left turret 8L. When a blade edge detection operation is commanded from the controller, the stationary tool setter 1 advances to a detection position indicated by a solid line in the figure. In this state, the tool 9L mounted on the left turret 8L has its cutting edge brought into contact with the Z-axis direction detection surface 3z of the stationary sensor 3 and the X-axis direction detection surface 3x on the turret side. The tool correction value of the contacted tool is detected from the deviation between the coordinates of the left tool post 7L and the coordinates of the detection surfaces 3z and 3x of the stationary sensor 3.

  Of the tools mounted on the upper tool rest 7U, the tool 9L with the cutting edge facing the left chuck side is moved to the Z axis of the stationary sensor 3 by moving the upper tool rest 7U in the same manner as the tool mounted on the left turret 8L. The position of the cutting edge is detected by contacting the direction detection surface 3z and the X-axis direction detection surface 3x on the tool post side, and the difference between the coordinates of the upper tool post 7U and the position of the detection surface at that time is detected. The tool compensation value is detected.

  When detecting the cutting edge of the tool 9R attached to the right turret 8R, the tool type tool setter 2a attached to the upper turret 8U is indexed, and its reference end 22 is brought into contact with the detection surfaces 3z and 3x of the stationary sensor 3. The reference position of the tool type sensor 4 in the state where it is mounted on the upper turret 8U is detected. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper turret 8U is moved so that the tool type sensor 4 is positioned on the spindle axis line close to the right chuck 6R.

  By detecting the reference end 22 with the stationary sensor 3, the deviation between the reference end 22 of the tool type tool setter 2a and the upper tool rest 7U is known, and the reference end 22 and the tool type sensor in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction are detected. Since the positional relationship between the detection surfaces 4z and 4x can be set in the controller by measuring the dimensions of the tool type tool setter 2a in advance, the controller places the tool type sensor 4 closest to the right chuck 6R. It can be accurately installed at a predetermined position.

  In this state, the right tool rest 7R is moved, the tool tip of the tool to be measured is brought into contact with the detection surfaces 4z, 4x of the tool type sensor 4 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction, and the right tool rest 7R at the time of the contact. The correction value of the tool can be detected from the difference between the coordinates of the tool type and the installation position of the tool type sensor 4.

  When the cutting edge of the tool 9R facing right is detected by the cutting edge mounted on the upper turret 8U, as shown in FIG. 3, the tool type tool setter 2a mounted on the left turret 8L is indexed, and its reference end 22 is set as the stationary sensor 3. After detecting a deviation between the coordinates of the left tool post 7L and the reference end 22 by detecting the detection surfaces 3z and 3x in the Z-axis direction and X-axis direction, the left tool post 7L is moved to the right moving end. In the X-axis direction, the tool type sensor 4 moves to a position on the spindle axis a. In this state, the measurement target tool 9R mounted on the upper turret 8U is determined, and the cutting edge thereof is brought into contact with the detection surfaces 4z and 4x in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction of the tool type sensor 4 of the left tool post. A tool correction value is detected from the coordinates of the upper tool rest 7U.

  When the tool correction value of the necessary tool is detected, the value is set in the controller as the tool correction value for the tool, and the stationary tool setter 1 is retracted to the storage position indicated by the imaginary line in the figure, Return to workpiece machining operation.

  The above embodiment is an example of a two-spindle opposed lathe provided with a total of three turret tool posts, one on one side and two on the other side across the spindle axis a, one on each side. In each of the two turret two-spindle opposed lathes provided with each turret tool post, that is, without the left turret 8L in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cutting edge of the tool mounted on each of the upper and lower turrets is detected in the same procedure. Can do. In this case, the tool mounted on the turret corresponding to the upper turret of FIGS. 1 to 3 processes the workpiece gripped by the left chuck 6L, and the tool mounted on the right turret 8R is gripped by the right chuck 6R. The workpiece will be processed.

  1-3, instead of the upper turret 8U, a rotating tool shaft capable of fixing the phase (rotation angle) to the origin phase is mounted on the upper tool rest 7U, and the upper tool rest is oriented in the Y-axis direction (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). In addition, a two-spindle opposed lathe of the kind called a compound lathe that can be moved and positioned is often used. In the case of such a lathe, a tool type tool setter 2b as shown in FIG. 5 is mounted on a tool magazine containing a tool to be mounted on a tool post (composite tool post) having a rotating tool axis. The tool type tool setter 2b is mounted on the rotating tool axis fixed at the origin phase by the automatic tool changer, and the turret 8R facing the composite turret and the spindle axis a is sandwiched by the same operation as described above. The cutting edge of the mounted tool can be detected.

  In the case of a 4-turret having two turrets on both sides of the spindle axis a, the tool type tool setter 2a shown in FIG. 4 is attached to the upper and lower turrets on the fixed spindle side, After the tool type tool setter of the turret is determined and its reference end is detected by the stationary tool setter, the cutting edge of the tool attached to the lower turret on the moving spindle side is detected. Further, after the tool type tool setter 2a mounted on the lower turret on the fixed spindle side is indexed and its reference end is detected by the stationary tool setter 1, the cutting edge of the tool mounted on the right upper turret is detected. The stationary tool setter 1 can detect the cutting edge of the tool mounted on the upper and lower turrets on the fixed spindle side.

  FIGS. 6-8 is the figure which showed 2nd Example, and is an example of the 2 spindle opposing lathe which has arrange | positioned two turret tool posts only to the one side of the spindle axis a. In the case of such a machine tool, as shown in FIG. 8, a tool can be mounted between the shank 21c bent in a bowl shape and mounted on the tool mounting station of the turret and the detection sensor 4 at the tip. A tool type tool setter 2c having a gap 23 is prepared. The tool-type tool setter 2c is also provided with a reference end 22 that is detected by the stationary tool setter 1. And this tool type tool setter 2c is mounted in one place of the tool mounting station of the left turret 8L on the fixed spindle side.

  In the two-spindle opposed lathe having such a turret arrangement, the work gripped on the left chuck 6L is processed by the tool 9L mounted on the left turret 8L, and the work gripped on the right chuck 6R by the tool 9R mounted on the right turret 8R is processed. To do. Therefore, the cutting edge of the tool 9L mounted on the left turret 8L can be detected by the stationary tool setter 1 provided on the fixed spindle stock 5L. When detecting the cutting edge of the tool 9R mounted on the right tool rest 7R, the tool type tool setter 2c of the left tool rest 7L is indexed, and its reference end 22 is detected by the stationary tool setter 1, and based on the detected value. The tool type sensor 4 is installed at a detection position on the spindle axis. In this state, as shown in FIG. 7, the tool mounted on the right turret 8R is brought into contact with the detection surfaces 4z and 4x in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction of the tool type sensor 4, and the right cutter when the contact is detected. The tool correction value can be detected from the coordinates of the table 7R.

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the present invention, a tool type sensor is provided by the indexing operation of the tool type tool setter and the movement operation of the tool rest which are automatically performed without providing a tool setter on the moving spindle side. Is automatically installed at the detection position, the cutting edge of the tool for machining the workpiece on the moving spindle side is detected, and the tool correction value for the tool can be automatically set in the controller.

1 Tool type setter 2 (2a, 2b, 2c) Tool type tool setter 4 Tool type sensor 7L, 7U Tool post 9 (9L, 9R) Tool 21 (21a, 21b, 21c) Shank 22 Reference end a Spindle axis

Claims (4)

In a method for detecting a tool edge in a machine tool having two turrets, a detection sensor for detecting the tool edge is installed at a predetermined position, and a reference end is provided at one tool mounting station of the two turrets. A tool cutting edge detection method comprising: detecting a cutting edge of a tool mounted on the other tool post with the tool setter after the tool setter provided with the tool setter is mounted and detecting the reference end with the detection sensor . A fixed main shaft that grips a workpiece and rotates at a fixed position, a moving main shaft that faces the fixed main shaft on the same axis and moves in a direction approaching and separating from the fixed main shaft, and two or more tool rests are provided. In the method for detecting the tool edge of a machine tool,
A first tool setter having a detection sensor installed in a predetermined position on the fixed spindle side extending in the spindle axis direction and a second tool setter attached to the tool mounting station of the tool post,
The cutting edge of the tool whose cutting edge faces the fixed spindle side is detected by the first tool setter, and the cutting edge of the tool whose cutting edge faces the moving spindle side is mounted on the tool post on which the tool is not mounted. A method for detecting a tool edge, wherein the second tool setter is used for detection. A tool setter for a machine tool, comprising a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting station of the turret tool post, a blade edge detection sensor fixed to the tip of the shank, and a reference end that is detected by a detection sensor installed in the machine tool. . A machine tool comprising a shank that can be attached to and detached from a tool axis of a machine tool with an automatic tool changer, a blade edge detection sensor fixed to the tip of the shank, and a reference edge that is detected by a detection sensor installed in the machine tool. Machine tool setter.

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