JP6264702B2 - Processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus that processes a work material using an end mill.

  The end mill used in the processing apparatus is used after the blade portion is appropriately polished because the blade portion is worn with use and the sharpness and surface roughness deteriorate.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a tool is removed from a grinding apparatus when polishing is necessary, and an operator polishes the tool.

JP 2001-252852 A

  In the case where the end mill is removed from the main shaft of the processing apparatus and the blade portion is polished, after the polished end mill is attached to the main shaft, a centering process is required to align the axis of the end mill and the main shaft. In particular, in the case of a processing apparatus that processes a work material using an end mill, extremely high processing accuracy has been required. Therefore, a large amount of processing is required for attaching the end mill to the main shaft after polishing and centering the shaft. It takes time and affects productivity.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a machining apparatus capable of increasing machining accuracy and improving productivity.

  In order to achieve the above object, a processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a bed, a holding movement unit that is disposed on the bet and holds and moves a work material, and is held by the holding movement unit. A spindle that holds an end mill that cuts the work material and rotates the end mill; and a measurement unit that is disposed on the bed and measures the amount of wear of the blade of the end mill that is held by the spindle; A polishing unit that is disposed on the bed and polishes a blade portion of an end mill held by the main shaft, a main shaft moving unit that moves the main shaft holding the end mill to the measurement unit and the polishing unit, and the measurement unit. And a control unit that controls the polishing allowance of the end mill blade portion polished by the polishing unit in accordance with the measured amount of wear of the end mill blade portion.

  In the processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the polishing of the blade portion of the end mill can be performed while being held on the main shaft, so that the step of centering the shaft by attaching the end mill to the main shaft after the polishing is unnecessary. In addition, the wear amount of the end mill blades can be measured and polished without human intervention, allowing continuous operation of the processing equipment even if the end mill blade polishing process is sandwiched during the processing process. is there. Therefore, according to the processing apparatus which concerns on one form of this invention, a processing precision can be improved and productivity can be improved.

  In the processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, the control unit may control to cut the work material in accordance with the polishing allowance of the end mill blade portion polished by the polishing unit. .

  Although the diameter of the edge portion of the end mill after polishing is different from that before polishing, the processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention cuts the work material according to the polishing allowance of the edge portion of the polished end mill. Since it is controlled to process, the processing accuracy can be maintained even after polishing.

In the processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, the polishing unit contacts the blade portion of the end mill such that the polishing surface of the polishing unit has an arbitrary angle with respect to the tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill held by the main shaft. You may comprise so that it may touch.
In the processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a so-called new blade can be formed on the blade portion of the end mill after polishing with a small polishing allowance, so that the life of the end mill can be extended.

In the processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, the polishing unit may be arranged on the blade portion of the end mill such that the polishing surface of the polishing unit is parallel to a tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill held by the main shaft. You may comprise so that it may contact | abut.
In the processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, all the processing parts of the blade can be ground while rotating the tool, the grinding amount of the tool is calculated using the total value of the cutting amount of the end mill, and the tool diameter is calculated. The tool can be measured only once at the beginning, and the first corner of the relief can be machined at 0 °.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve machining accuracy and improve productivity.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the blade part which concerns on the same embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the blade part which concerns on the same embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the blade part which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which looked at the processing apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment from the upper surface side. It is a figure which shows the grinding | polishing method of the blade part which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the processing apparatus of the embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Configuration of processing equipment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis are three axes orthogonal to each other.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 10 includes a bed 1, a holding and moving unit 2, a main shaft moving unit 3, a main shaft 20, a measuring unit 30, a polishing unit 40, and a control unit 50.

  On the bed 1, a holding and moving unit 2, a main shaft moving unit 3, a main shaft 20, a measuring unit 30, a polishing unit 40, and the like are arranged.

  The holding and moving unit 2 is configured by, for example, an XY table, holds the work material on the upper surface, and moves the work material in the X and Y directions. The holding and moving unit 2 may move the work material held in the Z direction in addition to the X and Y directions.

  The main shaft moving unit 3 holds the main shaft 20 and moves the main shaft 20 in the X direction and the Z direction, and includes a column 4, an X direction guide member 5, and a movable slider 6. Two columns 4 are arranged on the bed 1, and an X-direction guide member 5 is held between the two columns 4. The X direction guide member 5 holds the movable slider 6 so as to be movable in the X direction.

  The movable slider 6 moves on the X direction guide member 5 in the X direction while holding the main shaft 20 and moves the main shaft 20 in the Z direction. By moving the movable slider 6 in the X direction on the X direction guiding member 5 while holding the main shaft 20, the main shaft 20 can be moved between the holding moving unit 2, the measuring unit 30, and the polishing unit 40. .

  The main shaft 20 has a spindle 21 and a tool holder 22.

The spindle 21 is held by the movable slider 6 and holds the tool holder 22 at its lower end. The tool holder 22 holds the end mill 23. The spindle 21 rotates the tool holder 22 that holds the end mill 23.

  The measuring unit 30 is configured by, for example, a non-contact type outer diameter measuring device using laser light, and the wear state of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 is measured by, for example, the laser light L irradiated between the concave portions 31. A contact-type measuring device may be used as the measuring unit.

  The polishing unit 40 polishes the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 and is configured to rotate a cylindrical grindstone 41. The cylindrical grindstone 41 is configured to be rotatable in the Y direction with an axis parallel to the X direction as a rotation axis, for example. The material of the grindstone 41 may be made of a metal such as general steel, cast steel, stainless steel, and carbon steel, or may be made of a non-metal such as a refractory and a stone.

  The control unit 50 is configured by, for example, a PC (Personal Computer), and comprehensively controls the operation of the entire processing apparatus 10.

  Next, polishing of the blade part 24 of the end mill 23 will be described.

  2 to 4 are enlarged views of the blade portion 24 according to the present embodiment. 2 is a view of the blade portion 24 viewed from one direction, FIG. 3 is a view of the blade portion 24 viewed from another direction, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the blade edge of the blade portion 24. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the processing apparatus 10 as viewed from the upper surface side, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a polishing method for the blade portion 24 according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the blade portion 24 includes a rake face 25 (upwardly hatched portion in FIG. 2), an outer peripheral blade 26 (upwardly hatched portion in FIG. 2), a flank 27, and a clearance angle θ ₁ ( Outer peripheral first clearance angle). Since the blade portion 24 has the flank 27, the friction with the work material (not shown) is minimized, so that the blade edge can be freely fed into the work material. Therefore, it becomes possible to cut a work material efficiently. Moreover, the user can regain the cutting force of the blade part 24 worn by cutting the work material by polishing the rake face 25 or the outer peripheral blade 26.

As shown in FIG. 5, the polishing unit 40 according to this embodiment is attached such that its longitudinal direction is parallel to the X direction or the Y direction. Then, the polishing surface of the polishing unit 40 is controlled so as to contact the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 at an arbitrary angle θ ₂ with respect to the tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill 23 held by the main shaft 20. For example, the grinding surface of the grindstone 41 in the polishing unit 40 is disposed on the holding and moving unit 2 so as to be parallel to the flank 27 of the blade unit 24. Thus, the polishing unit 40 performs polishing by controlling the angle of the main shaft 21 in accordance with the clearance angle θ ₁ of the end mill 23. That is, in the polishing of the blade part 24 according to the present embodiment, the grindstone 41 polishes the blade part 24 along the flank 27 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the flank 27 has a smaller area than the rake face 25 and the outer peripheral edge 26. Therefore, it is possible to form a new blade on the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 while suppressing the grinding allowance of the worn blade portion 24 to a very small amount rather than polishing the rake face 25 or the outer peripheral blade 26. Therefore, the tool life can be extended.

The shape of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 according to the present embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in FIGS. For example, a scare end mill, a radius end mill, a ball end mill, or the like may be used.
The number of blades of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 is not limited to four blades as shown in FIG. For example, it may be a two-blade, three-blade, six-blade or the like. What is necessary is just to select the number of the blades of the blade part 24 of the end mill 23 according to the hardness, cutting amount, etc. of a work material.

  Next, operation | movement of the processing apparatus 10 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The amount of wear of the blade portion 24 worn by cutting the work material at a predetermined timing during NC operation (FIG. 7, St20 operation) is measured by the measurement unit 30 (FIG. 7, St11). Then, the characteristics of the worn blade portion 24 are analyzed, and an optimum measurement point for measuring the wear amount is extracted, and a measurement value is set for each measurement point. 23 returns to the initial position (origin position).

  The measurement value obtained by measuring the wear amount by the measurement unit 30 is supplied to the control unit 50 (FIG. 7, St12). Based on the stored polishing program, the controller 50 calculates a polishing allowance from the supplied measurement value (FIG. 7, St13). Here, the calculated polishing allowance is a polishing allowance polished by the polishing unit 40 in accordance with the amount of wear of the end mill 23.

  Next, the control unit 50 supplies a polishing command for polishing the calculated polishing allowance to the spindle 20 and the polishing unit 40 (FIG. 7, St14). The spindle 20 automatically operates based on the supplied polishing command and moves to the polishing unit 40. At this time, the control unit 50 controls the spindle 20 so that the polished surface of the end mill 23 becomes the flank 27. In the polishing unit 40, the rotation speed of the grindstone 41 is controlled by the control unit 50.

  Here, the blade part 24 of the end mill 23 held by the spindle 20 is automatically polished by the polishing part 40 (FIG. 7, St15). At this time, the polishing allowance is a polishing allowance controlled by the control unit 50 in accordance with the amount of wear of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23.

  After the blade portion 24 is polished, the spindle 20 automatically operates again and moves to the measuring unit 30. Here, the diameter of the blade part 24 after polishing is automatically measured by the measuring part 30 (FIG. 7, St16).

  The measurement value obtained by measuring the diameter of the blade portion 24 by the measurement unit 30 is supplied to the control unit 50 (FIG. 7, St17). The control unit 50 calculates a correction value for correcting the NC (Numerical Control) operation of the spindle 20 from the supplied measurement value based on the stored automatic correction program (FIG. 7, St18). Here, the calculated correction value is calculated according to the polishing allowance of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23.

  Next, the control unit 50 supplies the NC operation command corrected based on the calculated correction value to the spindle 20 (FIG. 7, St19). The spindle 20 is operated based on the supplied NC operation command (FIG. 7, St20). Then, the wear amount of the worn blade portion 24 is again measured by the measurement unit 30 by the NC operation.

  Thus, in the processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, since the polishing of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 can be performed while being held on the main shaft 20, the step of attaching the end mill 23 to the main shaft 20 after polishing and centering the shaft is performed. Is no longer necessary. In addition, since the measurement and polishing of the wear amount of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 can be performed without manual intervention, the processing device can be continuously connected even if the polishing step of the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 is sandwiched during the processing step. Driving is possible. Therefore, according to the processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the processing accuracy can be increased and the productivity can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the processing apparatus 10 which concerns on the above-mentioned, NC operation | movement after grinding | polishing of the blade part 24 of the end mill 23 becomes operation | movement corrected according to the diameter of the blade part 24 of the end mill 23 after grinding | polishing. That is, the NC operation after polishing is corrected so that the machining accuracy does not differ from the NC operation before polishing. Therefore, the processing accuracy before polishing at the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 can be maintained even after polishing.

  In the processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the end mill 23 wears during processing of the work material, but by re-polishing before the wear progresses, the sharpness can be maintained at any time, and the polishing amount can be increased. It can be finished with less precision. Usually, since it will be used to the point where wear increases, re-polishing is about several times. However, according to the processing apparatus 10 of the present invention, re-polishing can be performed several hundred times, and the end mill 23 has a very long life.

  Here, in the processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the polishing unit 40 is configured so that the polishing surface of the polishing unit 40 has an arbitrary angle with respect to the tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill 23 held by the main shaft 20. Although it was comprised so that it might contact | abut to the blade part 24, in that case, it becomes the process shown below. Here, the target of the tool is a flat end mill, a radius end mill, a ball end mill, and the machining site is the side surface, R surface, and bottom surface of the end mill.

  That is, the measuring unit 30 first selects a tool (end mill), and then measures the tool. In tool selection, tools are selected by measuring flat end mills, radius end mills, ball end mills, number of blades, blade helix angle, and R. In the tool measurement, the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a flat end mill, the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a radius end mill, and the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a ball end mill.

Next, the control unit 50 substitutes variables into the tool polishing program from the measured values, and outputs NC data in a fixed cycle. For example, the tool diameter (position variable), the tool polishing edge position (position variable), tool polishing (position variable), and the twist angle (rotation angle variable) are automatically substituted into the fixed cycle program.
Next, the tool polishing program is operated. For example, in the polishing program, tool diameter polishing (polishing for the number of blades), tool corner R polishing and bottom surface polishing (in the case of a radius end mill), and tool R polishing (in the case of a ball end mill) are performed.
Next, the tool is measured. That is, the dimension after polishing is checked. For example, the dimensions after performing tool diameter polishing (the number of blades), tool corner R polishing, bottom surface polishing (for radius end mill), and tool R polishing (for ball end mill) are checked.
Next, for a flat end mill and a radius end mill, tool radius correction and machining data are output. The tool offset and machining NC data are output again.

  In the above embodiment, the above steps are taken for polishing the above tool (end mill), but the present invention is not limited to this, and the polishing surface of the polishing portion 40 is tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill 23 held by the spindle 20. In this case, the polishing may be performed in contact with the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23, and in this case, the following process can be simplified. Here, the target of the tool is a flat end mill, a radius end mill, a ball end mill, the clearance angle is 0 °, and the machining site is the side surface, R surface, and bottom surface of the end mill.

  That is, the measuring unit 30 first selects a tool (end mill), and then measures the tool. In tool selection, tools are selected by measuring flat end mills, radius end mills, and ball end mills. That is, it is not necessary to measure the number of blades, the twist angle of the blades, and R. In the tool measurement, the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a flat end mill, the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a radius end mill, and the tool diameter and the tool length are measured for a ball end mill.

Next, the control unit 50 substitutes variables into the tool polishing program from the measured values, and outputs NC data in a fixed cycle. Here, the tool diameter (position variable), the tool polishing blade tip position (position variable), and tool polishing (position variable) may be automatically substituted into the fixed cycle program, and the torsion angle (rotation angle variable) is unnecessary.
Next, the tool polishing program is operated. For example, in the polishing program, tool diameter polishing (polishing for the number of blades), tool corner R polishing and bottom polishing (for radius end mill), and tool R polishing (for ball end mill) are all performed in this case. The outer shape can be polished in a rotating state.
Next, instead of measuring the tool diameter or the like, the tool diameter is automatically calculated based on the amount of follow-up after polishing. That is, the tool diameter automatically calculates the amount of external polishing. Automatic offset calculation of the grinding amount of the tool corner R in the Z direction (for radius end mill). Automatic offset calculation of the grinding amount of the tool R in the Z direction (for ball end mills).
Next, for a flat end mill and a radius end mill, tool radius correction and machining data are output. Tool offset and machining NC data are output once again, but it is not necessary in the case of calculation or rough machining.

  As described above, the polishing surface of the polishing unit 40 is configured to be in contact with the blade portion 24 of the end mill 23 so that the polishing surface is parallel to the tangent of the outer periphery of the end mill 23 held by the main shaft 20. By doing so, all the machined parts of the tool can be ground while rotating the tool, the tool grinding amount is calculated using the total value of the end mill infeed amount, the tool diameter is calculated and the tool is measured. Can be processed only once at the beginning, and the first corner of the relief can be processed at 0 °.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bet 2 ... Holding | maintenance moving part 3 ... Main axis | shaft moving part 10 ... Processing apparatus 27 ... Flank 30 ... Measuring part 40 ... Polishing part 50 ... Control part

Claims (4)

Bet,
A holding and moving unit arranged on the bed and holding and moving the work material;
A spindle having a mechanism for holding an end mill for cutting the work material held by the holding and moving unit and rotating the end mill;
A measuring unit that is disposed on the bed and that measures the amount of wear of a blade portion of an end mill held by the main shaft;
A polishing portion disposed on the bed and polishing a blade portion of an end mill held by the main shaft;
A spindle moving unit that moves the spindle holding the end mill to the measuring unit and the polishing unit;
A processing apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls a polishing allowance of the end mill blade portion polished by the polishing unit in accordance with an amount of wear of the end mill blade portion measured by the measurement unit. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The said control part is controlled so that the said workpiece may be cut according to the grinding | polishing allowance of the blade part of the said end mill grind | polished from the said grinding | polishing part. The processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The polishing unit is a processing device in which a polishing surface of the polishing unit abuts on a blade portion of the end mill at an arbitrary angle with respect to a tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill held by the main shaft. The processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The polishing device is in contact with a blade portion of the end mill such that a polishing surface of the polishing portion is parallel to a tangent to the outer periphery of the end mill held by the main shaft.

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