JP6272147B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to wind power generation equipment, and more particularly to support of a rotating shaft.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a wind power generation facility that enables downsizing of a position detector that detects a rotational position of a propeller. In this Patent Document 1, “a hollow speed increaser in which an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged on the same axis as a propeller shaft coupled to a propeller, and the rotation of the propeller shaft is increased and output; An input shaft is disposed on the same axis as the speed increaser, a hollow generator that generates power by the output of the speed increaser, and the speed increaser and the power generator are disposed on the same axis, and the speed increase A rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the propeller while being inserted through the hollow portion of the generator and the generator, and a position detector that detects the rotating position of the propeller by detecting the rotating position of the rotating shaft. The power generation device characterized by the above. "

JP 2013-221406 A

  Patent Document 1 describes that a hollow rotating shaft that is disposed on the same axis and that is inserted through a hollow speed increaser and a generator and that rotates integrally with a propeller shaft is described. In such a case, the hollow rotating shaft becomes long, and due to its own weight, when it comes into contact with the speed increaser shaft and the generator shaft, or when the speed increasing device and the generator are displaced, relative displacement with the hollow rotation shaft occurs. There is also a possibility that an excessive load is applied to the bearing that contacts or supports the speed increaser shaft and the generator shaft, or an excessive load is applied to the bearing that supports the hollow rotary shaft due to thermal expansion of the hollow rotary shaft itself.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator with improved reliability.

  In order to solve the above problems, a wind turbine generator according to the present invention includes a hollow main shaft connected to a hub that supports a blade, a hollow speed increaser that increases the rotation of the main shaft and outputs the speed, and A hollow power generator that performs power generation operation by the rotational force increased by the speed increaser, a hollow rotary shaft that penetrates the main shaft, the speed increaser, and the hollow of the power generator, an output shaft of the speed increaser, and A hollow joint connected to the input shaft of the generator, an output shaft of the speed increaser, a first bearing that supports the hollow rotary shaft, and a rotary shaft of the generator and the hollow rotary shaft. A second bearing is provided, and at least the hollow rotary shaft between the speed increaser and the generator is provided with a flexible structure.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind turbine generator with improved reliability.

Schematic side view showing all aspects of a wind turbine generator equipped with the present invention The side view which shows the power transmission part in connection with the 1st Embodiment of this invention The side view which shows the power transmission part in connection with the 2nd Embodiment of this invention The side view which shows the power transmission part in connection with the 3rd Embodiment of this invention The side view which shows the power transmission part in connection with the 4th Embodiment of this invention Side view showing a power transmission unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. A view of the rotation detection ring according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention viewed from the axial direction The figure which looked at the rotation detection ring in connection with the 5th Embodiment of this invention from the axial direction

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment. In the wind turbine generator, the blade 101 uses the force of wind to rotate the hub 102 and rotate the main shaft 103 that transmits the rotation of the hub. The rotation of the main shaft is transmitted to the gearbox 104, and the rotation is accelerated and transmitted to the gearbox counter-drive shaft 104b. Rotation is transmitted to the speed increaser counter drive shaft (output shaft) 104b by a hollow joint 105 connected to the shaft of the generator (drive side 106a, input shaft). The generator 106 generates electricity by its rotation. In the generator, the generator penetrates the generator from the side connected by the hollow joint 105 and protrudes to the generator (the non-drive side 106b) on the opposite side of the hollow joint 105. Assuming that the rotation center of the hub 102 is the rotation center axis x, the rotation axes of the respective rotary devices are arranged on the rotation center axis in the same manner. For the following explanation, the circumferential direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis x is defined as yz.

  The blade 101 is installed in a state where the pitch angle can be varied. By changing the pitch angle, the energy received by the blade from the wind can be adjusted. The blade 101 is connected to the hub 102.

  The nacelle 107 houses the hub 102, the main shaft 103, the speed increaser 104, and the generator 106, and has a structure for supporting them. The nacelle 107 is supported by a tower 108.

  The speed increaser 104 is for increasing the rotational speed. The gear configuration of a wind turbine gearbox is generally configured by a planetary stage and a parallel stage. However, by adopting a gear structure of only the planetary stage, the drive shaft 104a and the counterdrive shaft 104b of the gearbox are used. These hollow shafts can be arranged on the same axis as the rotation center axis x. Compared to the configuration having parallel stages, the configuration is symmetric about the rotation axis, and the balance during rotation can be achieved, so that the reliability can be improved.

  The cable 109 is used for a power source and a signal for controlling the pitch angle of the blade 101, and passes through the hub 102, the main shaft 103, the speed increaser 104, the hollow joint 105, and the generator 106 from the blade to the blade of the generator. It is connected to a slip ring installed on the shaft end opposite to 101.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the installation state of the speed increaser 104 and the generator 106.

  The speed increaser 104 includes a drive shaft (input shaft) 104a connected to the main shaft 103 on the main shaft side, and transmits the increased speed rotation to the counter drive shaft (output shaft) 104b of the speed increaser. The said axis | shaft is arrange | positioned on the rotation center axis | shaft, and is a hollow structure. The speed increasing device side hollow rotating shaft 201 that penetrates through the speed increasing device passes through the hollow. The step-up gear side hollow rotary shaft 201 is fastened by the drive shaft 104a and the support member 104c of the step-up gear so as to rotate at the same rotational speed as the blade 101 and the hub 102. The hollow rotary shaft 201 on the side opposite to the drive shaft of the speed increaser 104 is supported by a bearing 202 installed on the side opposite to the drive shaft 104b of the speed increaser 104. A cable can be passed through the speed-increasing-side hollow rotary shaft 201.

  The generator 106 includes shafts 106a (input shafts) and 106b through which rotation from the gearbox 104 is transmitted through a hollow joint 105. The generator shafts 106a and 106b have a hollow structure and may be divided inside the generator, but in the present description, for simplicity, the shafts will be described as one shaft that is not divided. The generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 passes through the generator shafts 106a and 106b. The generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 is supported by a generator-side hollow rotary shaft bearing 205 installed on the counter drive shaft 106b side of the generator 106. A cable can be passed through the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204.

  The hollow joint 105 is a joint for connecting the speed increaser non-driving side shaft 104b and the generator shaft (drive side) 106a. The power is transmitted from the drive side shaft 104b to the generator shaft (drive side) 106a. The hollow joint 105 has a hollow structure. The hollow joint 105 is desirably provided with an opening 105a from the surface to the inside. As described above, the nacelle 107 is supported by the tower 108, but the tower 108 is usually installed on the ground, at sea, or on a floating structure. Therefore, the nacelle 107 may swing due to the influence of an earthquake or wind. At this time, since the speed increaser 104 and the generator 106 are particularly heavy, displacement occurs due to swinging. For the hollow joint 105, a structure that can absorb these movements to some extent is applied, and damage to each device is suppressed. In the hollow joint 105, from the gearbox side, a gearbox-side hollow rotary shaft 201 that has penetrated the gearbox protrudes, and from the generator side, the generator side that penetrates the generator. A hollow rotating shaft 204 protrudes. In this embodiment, a plurality of hollow rotating shafts (specifically, two) are provided, and the generator-side hollow rotating shaft 204 on the generator side is supported on the generator shaft (drive side) side 106a. Without being provided with a bearing, the speed increasing device side hollow rotating shaft 201 penetrating from the speed increasing device side is connected by a flexible rotating shaft rotating shaft joint 203 (which has flexibility). The hollow rotary shaft joint 203 is disposed between the speed increaser 104 and the generator 106 and connects the two. In the present embodiment, the hollow rotary shaft joint 203 corresponds to a flexible structure provided on the hollow rotary shaft between the speed increaser and the generator. By adopting a flexible structure 203 for a hollow rotating shaft, it is possible to provide a hollow rotating shaft configuration in which interference between the hollow rotating shaft, the speed increaser shaft, and the generator shaft and an excessive load are not applied to the hollow rotating shaft support bearing. it can. Further, the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 on the generator side, together with the gearbox-side hollow rotary shaft 201 on the gearbox side, rotates at the same rotational speed as the hub 102, the main shaft 103, and the gearbox drive side 104a. become. In the circumferential direction (yz direction), the required characteristics of the flexible rotary joint 203 for fastening the hollow rotary shafts are the shafts 104a and 104b of the speed increaser 104 and the shafts 106a and 106b of the generator 106. Rigidity that can support the own weights of the speed increaser-side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 is required so as not to contact. In the axial direction (center axis x direction), the displacement due to the thermal expansion of the speed increaser-side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 is within the allowable load of the supporting bearings 202 and 205. It has rigidity.

  Further, through the opening 105 a provided in the hollow joint 105, the speed increaser-side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 can be connected by the hollow rotary shaft joint 203. Thus, after the hollow joint 105 is first connected to each shaft, the speed increaser-side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 can be connected to each other from the work opening 105a. The restriction of the procedure can be removed.

  By connecting with the hollow rotary shaft joint 203, the speed increaser side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator side hollow rotary shaft 204 penetrate from the speed increaser drive shaft 104 side to the generator shaft (counter drive side 106b) side. However, the speed increasing machine anti-drive shaft 104b side and the generator shaft (the anti-drive side) are sandwiched between the hollow rotary shaft joint 203 connecting the speed increaser side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator side hollow rotary shaft 204. 106b) is supported. By securing the space between the support bearings, even when relative displacement between the speed increaser 104 and the generator 106 occurs, the displacement can be absorbed by the rotation shaft joint 203 and the bearing space length.

  Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. In the first embodiment, in order to absorb the displacement generated in each device, the flexible rotary shaft joint 203 is placed between the bearings supporting the speed increaser side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator side hollow rotary shaft 204. Although it is installed, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the hollow rotary shaft 301 itself has flexibility (having flexibility).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the second embodiment is configured by a single hollow shaft without using a flexible joint that connects the hollow rotary shaft 301 between the speed increaser 104 and the generator 106. The bearing that supports the hollow rotary shaft 301 is installed on the speed increaser side on the counter drive shaft 104b side as in the first embodiment, and on the generator side on the generator shaft (counter drive side 106b) side as in the first embodiment. However, this embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in that the length of the bearing interval is ensured. With such a configuration, the displacement can be absorbed and the number of components can be reduced by the flexibility of the hollow rotary shaft 301 itself and the length of the bearing interval.

  Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. In the first and second embodiments, the bearing that supports the hollow rotary shaft is installed outside the speed increaser and the generator, but in the third embodiment, the bearing is installed inside the speed increaser and the generator. This is a change when compared with the first and second embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the third embodiment, bearings that support the speed increaser-side hollow rotary shaft 201 and the generator-side hollow rotary shaft 204 are a bearing 401 installed in the speed increaser and a bearing 402 installed in the generator. I support in. In the gearbox and the generator, for example, there is a method in which bearings are installed inside the counterdrive shaft 104b of the gearbox and the shaft (counterdrive side 106b) side of the generator. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the number of parts for supporting the bearing and the length of the entire system by the amount of the built-in bearing.

  Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. In addition to the first, second and third embodiments, the fourth embodiment is provided with a rotation detector (rotation detector 501a and rotation detection ring 501b) on the generator shaft (reverse drive side 106b). It is characterized by.

  In a general windmill configuration, the rotation detector 501a and the rotation detection ring 501b are installed at the end of the slip ring 502 opposite to the blade. The rotating part of the slip ring 502 rotates at the same rotational speed as the blade 101 and the hub 102. The rotation detector 501a and the rotation detection ring 501b connected to the rotating part of the slip ring 502 detect the rotation speeds of the blade 101 and the hub 102 and are used for wind turbine control. Compared to the case, when installed on the generator shaft (reverse drive side 107b) as in the fourth embodiment, the shaft of the generator 106 rotates at a speed increased by the speed increase ratio by the speed increaser 104. To do. By installing the rotation detector 501a and the rotation detection ring 501b on the generator shaft, the shaft speed is detected at the rotation speed multiplied by the speed increase ratio while the blade 101 and the hub 102 make one rotation. Therefore, it is possible to detect at a finer speed. Rather than detecting rotation at the same speed as the blade 101 and the hub 102, detection can be performed with high resolution, and the wind turbine control can be set more finely.

  Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 6, 7, and 8, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 5 indicate the same components, and thus the description thereof is omitted. The fifth embodiment is characterized in that the rotation detection ring 501b of the fourth embodiment is a split type.

  FIG. 7 is a view of the rotation detection ring in the fourth embodiment when viewed from the axial direction x.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram of an example of a split type rotation detection ring according to the fifth embodiment viewed from the axial direction.

  When attaching the non-split rotation detection ring 501b to the generator shaft 106b, it is necessary to insert it from the axial direction. By using the split type rotation detection ring 601, mounting from the circumferential direction of the shaft is possible, and assembling and disassembling are improved.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of a certain embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of a certain embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

101 ... blade, 102 ... hub, 103 ... spindle, 104 ... speed increaser, 105 ... hollow joint, 106 ... generator, 107 ... nacelle, 108 ...・ Tower, 201: Booster side hollow rotary shaft, 202, 205 ... Hollow rotary shaft support bearing, 203 ... Hollow rotary shaft joint, 204 ... Generator side hollow rotary shaft

Claims (7)

A hollow main shaft connected to a hub supporting the blade;
A hollow speed increaser that speeds up and outputs the rotation of the main shaft;
A hollow generator that generates electricity by the rotational force increased by the speed increaser;
A hollow rotating shaft penetrating through the hollow of the main shaft, the speed increaser and the generator;
A hollow joint connected to the output shaft of the speed increaser and the input shaft of the generator;
A first bearing that supports the output shaft of the speed increaser and the hollow rotary shaft;
A rotating shaft of the generator and a second bearing that supports the hollow rotating shaft;
A wind power generator characterized in that a flexible structure is provided at least in the hollow rotary shaft between the speed increaser and the generator. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The hollow rotating shaft is formed of a plurality of pieces,
A wind power generator comprising: a hollow rotary shaft joint that is arranged between the speed increaser and the generator to connect the hollow rotary shafts and has flexibility. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The wind power generator characterized in that the hollow rotating shaft has flexibility. A wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A wind power generator characterized in that an opening is provided in the hollow joint. The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the first bearing is disposed inside the gear box, and the second bearing is disposed inside the generator.   The wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a generator shaft that the generator has and that protrudes on a side opposite to the speed increaser, and the generator shaft. And a rotation detection device that detects a rotation speed of the generator.   The wind power generator according to claim 6, further comprising a rotation detection ring that is arranged around the generator shaft and divided into at least two. apparatus.