JP6279261B2 - On-vehicle device and vehicle control device - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、自動車両制御装置（ＡＴＳ）を構成するのに好適な車上装置、及び、それを用いた車両制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an on-board apparatus suitable for constituting an automatic vehicle control apparatus (ATS) and a vehicle control apparatus using the same.
ＡＴＳ装置を構成する車上装置として、地上子に対応した周波数ｆ１〜ｆnを安定して常時発生させる信号発生器を有し、これら信号発生器から発生された各信号（ｆ１〜ｆn）を重畳した信号を車上子に供給されるように構成された方式のものも知られている（特許文献１）。 As an on-board device that constitutes the ATS device, it has a signal generator that stably generates the frequencies f1 to fn corresponding to the ground unit, and superimposes the signals (f1 to fn) generated from these signal generators. The thing of the system comprised so that the transmitted signal was supplied to a vehicle upper part is also known (patent document 1).
しかし、この従来のＡＴＳ装置は、全ての処理をアナログ回路で実現していたため次の４つの問題があった。
（ａ）装置のサイズが大きい。
（ｂ）装置の消費電力が大きい。
（ｃ）アナログ部品の性能バラツキがあるため調整コストがかかる。
（ｄ）熱によりアナログ部品の特性が変化する。
However, this conventional ATS apparatus has the following four problems because all processes are realized by analog circuits.
(A) The size of the device is large.
(B) The power consumption of the device is large.
(C) Adjustment costs are incurred due to variations in performance of analog parts.
(D) The characteristics of analog parts change due to heat.
そこで、前述の車上装置を改善したものとして、ＳＳ（スペクトル拡散）波を用いて広帯域の周波数を出力し、その中から周波数ｆ１〜ｆnを含む特定の周波数帯域だけをバンドパス・フィルタ（ＢＰＦ）で抽出して車上子に供給されるように構成された方式のものが知られている（特許文献２）。この方式においては、アナログ設計箇所の削減によって、装置の消費電力について従来の方式より低減された。 Therefore, as an improvement on the above-described on-vehicle apparatus, a wideband frequency is output using an SS (spread spectrum) wave, and only a specific frequency band including the frequencies f1 to fn is output from the bandpass filter (BPF). ) And extracted so as to be supplied to the vehicle upper body (Patent Document 2). In this method, the power consumption of the device is reduced from the conventional method by reducing the number of analog design points.
しかし、この方式で用いるＢＰＦは、ＬＣ回路を用いたアナログフィルタであったためサイズ、調整コスト、熱による特性の変化については従来と同様の問題が残っていた。さらに、特定の帯域をカットするような調整が必要になった場合に、ノッチフィルタの追加採用について別途考慮する必要があった。 However, since the BPF used in this method is an analog filter using an LC circuit, the same problems as in the past remain with respect to changes in characteristics due to size, adjustment cost, and heat. Furthermore, when adjustment to cut a specific band is necessary, additional adoption of a notch filter needs to be considered separately.
本発明の課題は、小型で、消費電力が少なく、出荷時調整コストが安価で、出力調整が容易な車上装置、及び、それを用いた車両制御装置を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide an on-board device that is small in size, consumes less power, has a low adjustment cost at the time of shipment, and can easily adjust output, and a vehicle control device using the same.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る車上装置は、少なくとも３つの送信処理ステップを含む。 In order to solve the above problems, the on-board device according to the present invention includes at least three transmission processing steps.
第１送信処理ステップでは、周波数の異なる複数種の周波数信号を重畳して重畳信号を生成する。第２送信処理ステップでは、重畳信号をパルス幅変調信号にデジタル変換する。第３送信処理ステップでは、パルス幅変調信号をスイッチング・アンプにてアナログ信号に変換し、ロー・パス・フィルタにより高周波分を除去し、車上アンテナを通じて送信する。 In the first transmission processing step, a superimposed signal is generated by superimposing a plurality of types of frequency signals having different frequencies. In the second transmission process step, digitally converts the superposition signal to the pulse width modulated signal. In the third transmission processing step, the pulse width modulation signal is converted into an analog signal by the switching amplifier , the high frequency component is removed by the low pass filter, and the signal is transmitted through the on-board antenna .
第１送信処理ステップと第２送信処理ステップは、デジタル的信号処理形態である。この後の第３送信処理ステップは、パルス幅変調信号を送信するために、アナログ信号に変換しているだけである。 The first transmission processing step and the second transmission processing step are digital signal processing forms. The subsequent third transmission processing step merely converts the pulse width modulation signal into an analog signal for transmission.
本発明に係る車上装置は、地上装置と組み合わされて車両制御装置を構成する。この車両制御装置において、車上装置からの送信信号を受信した地上子（地上装置）は、地上子毎に定められた共振周波数（ｆ１〜ｆnのいずれか）に対応した周波数の信号を車上側に送り返す。 The on-vehicle device according to the present invention constitutes a vehicle control device in combination with a ground device. In this vehicle control device, the ground unit (ground device) that has received the transmission signal from the on-board unit outputs a signal having a frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency (any one of f1 to fn) determined for each ground unit. Send back to.
地上子からの信号を受信した車上装置では、受信したアナログ信号を、フーリエ変換する。フーリエ変換後の周波数スペクトラムから、地上子の共振周波数に対応する周波数信号を抽出することができる。車上装置は、周波数スペクトラムから抽出された周波数信号を、自己の制御動作に反映し、車両制御に用いることができる。 In the on-board device that has received the signal from the ground unit, the received analog signal is Fourier transformed. A frequency signal corresponding to the resonance frequency of the ground element can be extracted from the frequency spectrum after the Fourier transform. The on-board device reflects the frequency signal extracted from the frequency spectrum in its own control operation and can be used for vehicle control.
本発明に係る車上装置及びこれを用いた車両制御装置では、従来装置との対比において、アナログ回路の利用箇所を大きく削減することができるため、アナログ回路に起因していた前述の（ａ）〜（ｄ）の課題を解消することができる。 In the on-board device and the vehicle control device using the same according to the present invention, the use location of the analog circuit can be greatly reduced in comparison with the conventional device. The problem of (d) can be solved.
以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、アナログ回路に起因する問題を持たず、小型で、消費電力が少なく、出力調整が容易で、出荷時調整コストが安価な車上装置、及び、それを用いた車両制御装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, there is no problem caused by the analog circuit, it is small in size, low in power consumption, easy to adjust output, and low in shipping adjustment cost, and A vehicle control apparatus using the same can be provided.
本発明の構成、及び、利点については、添付図面を参照し、更に詳しく説明する。添付図面は、単に、例示に過ぎない。 The configuration and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are merely examples.
図１を参照すると、車上装置１と、地上装置９が図示されている。車上装置１は、レール４上を、矢印Ｆの方向に走行する車両（列車）２に搭載されている。 Referring to FIG. 1, an on-vehicle device 1 and a ground device 9 are illustrated. The on-board device 1 is mounted on a vehicle (train) 2 that travels on the rail 4 in the direction of arrow F.
車上装置１は、少なくとも３つの送信処理ステップを含む。第１送信処理ステップでは、周波数の異なる複数種ｎの周波数信号ｆ１〜ｆｎを重畳して重畳信号Ｓ２１を生成する。周波数信号ｆ１〜ｆｎは、信号源１１１〜１１ｎから供給されるもので、図２（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に示すように、例えば、４種の周波数の異なる周波数信号（ｆ１〜ｆ４)である。４種の周波数の異なる周波数信号（ｆ１〜ｆ４)は、信号重畳部３で重畳され、信号重畳部３から、図３に示すような重畳信号Ｓ２１が出力される。なお、この明細書では、符号ｆ１〜ｆｎが、周波数そのものを表現する場合もある。 The on-board device 1 includes at least three transmission processing steps. In the first transmission processing step, a superimposed signal S21 is generated by superimposing a plurality of types n of frequency signals f1 to fn having different frequencies. The frequency signals f1 to fn are supplied from the signal sources 111 to 11n, and are, for example, frequency signals (f1 to f4) having four different frequencies as shown in FIGS. . The four types of frequency signals (f1 to f4) having different frequencies are superimposed by the signal superimposing unit 3, and the superimposed signal S21 as shown in FIG. In this specification, the symbols f1 to fn may represent the frequency itself.
第２送信処理ステップでは、重畳信号Ｓ２１を、基準信号Ｓ２２と比較して、パルス幅変調信号Ｓ３を生成する。具体的には、重畳信号Ｓ２１は、信号比較部７１に供給され、信号源５から信号比較部７１に供給された基準信号Ｓ２２と比較される。基準信号Ｓ２２は、振幅一定の高周波信号（正弦波または三角波）である。信号比較部７１は、重畳信号Ｓ２１のレベル（電圧）と基準信号Ｓ２２のレベル（電圧）とを比較し、Ｓ２１＞Ｓ２２が成立するとき論理値１、Ｓ２１＞Ｓ２２が成立しないときは論理値０というように、デジタル変換する。 In the second transmission processing step, the superimposed signal S21 is compared with the reference signal S22 to generate a pulse width modulation signal S3. Specifically, the superimposed signal S21 is supplied to the signal comparison unit 71 and compared with the reference signal S22 supplied from the signal source 5 to the signal comparison unit 71. The reference signal S22 is a high-frequency signal (sine wave or triangular wave) having a constant amplitude. The signal comparison unit 71 compares the level (voltage) of the superimposed signal S21 with the level (voltage) of the reference signal S22, and a logical value 1 when S21> S22 is satisfied, and a logical value 0 when S21> S22 is not satisfied. And so on.
パルス幅変調信号Ｓ３は、第３送信処理ステップにおいて、周知のスイッチング・アンプ７２により、アナログ信号Ｓ４に変換される。このアナログ信号Ｓ４は、ロー・パス・フィルタ７３に供給され、高周波分が除去される。これにより、図４に示すように、図３に示されたアナログ重畳信号Ｓ２１とよく近似するアナログ信号Ｓ５が得られる。アナログ信号Ｓ５は、車上アンテナ７５を通して、送信される。 The pulse width modulation signal S3 is converted into an analog signal S4 by a known switching amplifier 72 in the third transmission processing step. The analog signal S4 is supplied to the low pass filter 73, and the high frequency component is removed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, an analog signal S5 that closely approximates the analog superimposed signal S21 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. The analog signal S5 is transmitted through the on-board antenna 75.
第１送信処理ステップと第２送信処理ステップは、デジタル的信号処理形態である。この後の第３送信処理ステップは、パルス幅変調信号を送信するために、アナログ信号に変換しているだけである。 The first transmission processing step and the second transmission processing step are digital signal processing forms. The subsequent third transmission processing step merely converts the pulse width modulation signal into an analog signal for transmission.
地上装置９は、ｎ個の地上子９２１〜９２ｎを含んでいる。地上子９２１〜９２ｎは、レール４に沿い、互いに適当な配置距離を置いて順次に配置されている。これらの地上子９２１〜９２ｎは、車両２の走行により車上アンテナ７５と電磁結合したとき、車上アンテナ７５との間で信号の送受信を行うとともに、前述した周波数（ｆ１〜ｆｎ)の信号の何れかに共振する。その共振周波数の信号は、地上子９２１〜９２ｎから車上装置１の車上アンテナ７５に送信される。 The ground device 9 includes n ground elements 921 to 92n. The ground pieces 921 to 92n are sequentially arranged along the rail 4 with an appropriate arrangement distance from each other. When these ground elements 921 to 92n are electromagnetically coupled to the on-board antenna 75 as the vehicle 2 travels, the ground elements 921 to 92n transmit and receive signals to and from the on-board antenna 75, and the signals of the frequency (f1 to fn) described above. Resonate with either. The signal of the resonance frequency is transmitted from the ground elements 921 to 92n to the vehicle antenna 75 of the vehicle device 1.
車上装置１は、地上子９２１〜９２ｎのうち、車上アンテナ７５と電磁結合した地上子から受信したアナログ信号を、フーリエ変換する。図５はフーリエ変換後の周波数スペクトラムを示している。図５において、周波数ｆ１〜ｆ４がほぼ同じレベルで示されているが、実施例に示された地上子９２１〜９２４のそれぞれは、周波数ｆ１〜ｆ４の何れか一つを共振周波数とするものである。例えば、地上子９２１は周波数ｆ１の信号に共振し、地上子９２２は周波数ｆ２の信号に共振し、地上子９２３は周波数ｆ３の信号に共振し、地上子９２４は周波数ｆ４の信号に共振する。従って、地上子９２１〜９２４のそれぞれでは、フーリエ変換後の周波数スペクトラムが互いに異なり、自己の共振周波数（ｆ１〜ｆ４）にピークを持つ周波数スペクトラムとなる。 The on-vehicle device 1 performs Fourier transform on an analog signal received from the ground element electromagnetically coupled to the on-board antenna 75 among the ground elements 921 to 92n. FIG. 5 shows the frequency spectrum after Fourier transform. In FIG. 5, the frequencies f1 to f4 are shown at substantially the same level, but each of the ground elements 921 to 924 shown in the embodiment has one of the frequencies f1 to f4 as a resonance frequency. is there. For example, the ground element 921 resonates with a signal of frequency f1, the ground element 922 resonates with a signal with frequency f2, the ground element 923 resonates with a signal with frequency f3, and the ground element 924 resonates with a signal with frequency f4. Accordingly, in each of the ground elements 921 to 924, frequency spectra after Fourier transform are different from each other, and the frequency spectrum has a peak at its own resonance frequency (f1 to f4).
車上装置１は、この周波数スペクトラムから、地上子９２１〜９２ｎの共振周波数（ｆ１〜ｆｎ）のいずれかに対応する周波数信号を抽出し、これを自己の制御動作に反映させ、車両制御に用いる。 The on-board device 1 extracts a frequency signal corresponding to one of the resonance frequencies (f1 to fn) of the ground elements 921 to 92n from this frequency spectrum, reflects this in its own control operation, and uses it for vehicle control. .
本発明に係る車上装置及び車両制御装置では、従来装置が備えるアナログ回路の利用箇所を大きく削減することができるため、当該アナログ回路に起因していた問題を解消することが出来る。 In the on-board device and the vehicle control device according to the present invention, the use points of the analog circuit provided in the conventional device can be greatly reduced, so that the problems caused by the analog circuit can be solved.
以上、好ましい実施例を参照して本発明の内容を具体的に説明したが、本発明の基本的技術思想、及び、教示に基づいて、当業者であれば、種々の変形態様を採り得ることは自明である。 Although the contents of the present invention have been specifically described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art based on the basic technical idea and teachings of the present invention. Is self-explanatory.
１１１〜１１ｎ 信号源
３ 信号重畳部
７１ 信号比較部
７２ スイッチング・アンプ
７３ ロー・パス・フィルタ
111-11n Signal source
3 Signal superposition part 71 Signal comparison part 72 Switching amplifier 73 Low pass filter
Claims (2)
第１送信処理ステップでは、周波数の異なる複数種の周波数信号を重畳して重畳信号を生成し、
第２送信処理ステップでは、前記重畳信号をパルス幅変調信号にデジタル変換し、
第３送信処理ステップでは、前記パルス幅変調信号をスイッチング・アンプにてアナログ信号に変換し、ロー・パス・フィルタにより高周波分を除去し、車上アンテナを通じて送信する、車上装置。 An on-board device comprising at least three transmission processing steps,
In the first transmission processing step, a superimposed signal is generated by superimposing a plurality of types of frequency signals having different frequencies,
In the second transmission process step, digitally converts the superimposed signal to the pulse width modulation signal,
In the third transmission processing step, the pulse width modulated signal is converted into an analog signal by switching amplifiers, a high-frequency component is removed by the low-pass filter, and transmits through the onboard antenna, the vehicle device.
A vehicle control device including a vehicle-mounted device, wherein the vehicle-mounted device is the vehicle control device described in claim 1.
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| JPH0858588A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-05 | Nippon Signal Co Ltd:The | Train-borne device and data transmitting device |
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| JP5348895B2 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2013-11-20 | 日本信号株式会社 | ATS equipment |
| JP5441218B2 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2014-03-12 | 大同信号株式会社 | Track circuit device |
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