JP6284826B2

JP6284826B2 - Plant growing equipment

Info

Publication number: JP6284826B2
Application number: JP2014104865A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 希美代出口; 孝一清水; 裕久佐藤
Original assignee: 協和株式会社
Priority date: 2014-05-21
Filing date: 2014-05-21
Publication date: 2018-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2034-05-21
Also published as: JP2015216908A

Description

本発明は植物栽培器具に関し、より詳細には、肥料を含む水溶液（以下、養液という）で植物を栽培する水耕栽培用の植物栽培器具に関する。 The present invention relates to a plant cultivation instrument, and more particularly to a plant cultivation instrument for hydroponics that grows a plant with an aqueous solution containing fertilizer (hereinafter referred to as nutrient solution).

植物の生長には酸素が必要である。酸素は植物の根や葉から吸収される。水耕栽培の場合、養液中に酸素を供給し、溶存酸素濃度を高める工夫が必要である。また、植物の生長を促すには、養液に含まれるリン、カリウム、窒素等の栄養素が根から吸収されやすい環境を作ることが大切である。水耕栽培において、養液の循環が行われない場合、根の周りの栄養素濃度や溶存酸素濃度が低下して、植物の発育が十分に期待できない。 Oxygen is required for plant growth. Oxygen is absorbed from plant roots and leaves. In the case of hydroponics, it is necessary to devise a method for supplying oxygen into the nutrient solution and increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration. In order to promote the growth of plants, it is important to create an environment where nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen contained in the nutrient solution are easily absorbed from the roots. In hydroponic culture, when nutrient solution is not circulated, nutrient concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration around the roots are lowered, and plant growth cannot be expected sufficiently.

そこで出願人は先に、液槽中の養液を循環させつつ、養液中の溶存酸素濃度も高めることができる植物栽培器具について提案した（下記の特許文献１参照）。
図９は、特許文献１に開示された植物栽培器具の使用状態を示した断面図である。 Therefore, the applicant has previously proposed a plant cultivation instrument that can increase the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution while circulating the nutrient solution in the solution tank (see Patent Document 1 below).
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state of the plant cultivation instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1.

植物栽培器具５０は、液肥６０を貯留する液槽５１と、液槽５１の上部に配設される栽培槽５２と、液槽５１及び栽培槽５２の上方に設置される蓋５３と、蓋体５３の中央段付き穴５３ａに設置される栽培鉢５４とを備えている。 The plant cultivation tool 50 includes a liquid tank 51 that stores the liquid fertilizer 60, a cultivation tank 52 that is disposed above the liquid tank 51, a lid 53 that is installed above the liquid tank 51 and the cultivation tank 52, and a lid body. 53 and a cultivation pot 54 installed in the center stepped hole 53a.

栽培槽５２には、凹部５２ａと円筒部５２ｂとが形成され、円筒部５２ｂが排水口として機能するようになっている。液槽５１の底部には水中（液送）ポンプ５５が設置され、水中ポンプ５５に接続されたパイプ５６が栽培槽５２及び蓋５３に形成された穴５２ｃ、５３ｂを介して蓋５３の上方まで延出されている。パイプ５６の上端部は折り返され、空気混入器５７を介して、蓋５３に形成された穴（図示せず）に接続されている。 In the cultivation tank 52, a recess 52a and a cylindrical portion 52b are formed, and the cylindrical portion 52b functions as a drain outlet. An underwater (liquid feed) pump 55 is installed at the bottom of the liquid tank 51, and a pipe 56 connected to the submersible pump 55 extends up to the upper side of the lid 53 through holes 52 c and 53 b formed in the cultivation tank 52 and the lid 53. It has been extended. The upper end of the pipe 56 is folded back and connected to a hole (not shown) formed in the lid 53 via an aerator 57.

植物栽培器具５０では、水中ポンプ５５を作動させると、液槽５１内の液肥６０がパイプ５６を通って蓋５３の上方まで汲み上げられ、空気混入器５７を介して栽培槽５２に放出される。放出された液肥６０は栽培槽５２に溜まり、円筒部５２ｂをオーバーフローした液肥６０が液槽６０に流れ込む。このようにして液肥６０が循環されるようになっている。 In the plant cultivation tool 50, when the submersible pump 55 is operated, the liquid fertilizer 60 in the liquid tank 51 is pumped up to the upper side of the lid 53 through the pipe 56, and is released to the cultivation tank 52 through the aerator 57. The discharged liquid fertilizer 60 accumulates in the cultivation tank 52, and the liquid fertilizer 60 that overflows the cylindrical portion 52b flows into the liquid tank 60. In this way, the liquid fertilizer 60 is circulated.

しかしながら、上記した植物栽培器具５０では、各部の形状や構造等が複雑で加工コストや部品コスト等が高くつきやすく、また、液肥６０を吸引して送出する水中ポンプ５５を使用しているため、長期間使用すると、水中ポンプ５５に使用されているモーターが発熱し、その熱により液肥（養液）６０の温度上昇が生じて、植物の生長に悪影響を与える虞があった。また、長期間の使用中に液肥中の成分が水中ポンプ５５内に析出することがあり、この析出に起因する水中ポンプ５５の不具合発生を防止するために、定期的に水中ポンプ５５のメンテナンス等を行う必要があり手間がかかるという課題もあった。 However, in the plant cultivation instrument 50 described above, since the shape and structure of each part are complicated, the processing cost, the part cost, etc. are easily increased, and the submersible pump 55 that sucks and sends out the liquid fertilizer 60 is used. When used for a long period of time, the motor used in the submersible pump 55 generates heat, and the heat increases the temperature of the liquid fertilizer (nutrient solution) 60, which may adversely affect plant growth. In addition, components in the liquid manure may be deposited in the submersible pump 55 during long-term use, and in order to prevent malfunction of the submersible pump 55 due to this deposition, maintenance of the submersible pump 55 is periodically performed. There was also a problem that it was necessary to carry out the work and was time-consuming.

実用新案登録第３０９０１２０号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3090120

Means for solving the problems and their effects

本発明は上記課題に鑑みなされたものであって、安価で、長期間使用しても良好な栽培環境を維持することができ、植物の生長を促進させることができる植物栽培器具を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a plant cultivation instrument that is inexpensive, can maintain a good cultivation environment even when used for a long period of time, and can promote plant growth. It is an object.

上記目的を達成するために本発明に係る植物栽培器具（１）は、水耕栽培用の植物栽培器具であって、養液が収容される養液槽と、該養液槽を上部と下部とに仕切る仕切部材と、前記養液槽の上部に配設される植物保持部材とを備え、前記仕切部材が、前記養液槽の下部に空気を供給して発生させた気泡を前記養液槽の上部に移動させるための通気部と、前記養液槽の上部の前記養液を前記養液槽の下部に移動させるための通液部とを備え、前記通気部が、前記気泡を収集可能な形状をした気泡収集部と、該気泡収集部に収集された前記気泡を通過させる通気孔とを含んで構成され、前記仕切部材が、底面部を有する栽培槽で構成され、前記底面部の一端側に前記通気部が形成され、他端側に前記通液部が形成され、前記養液槽が、前記栽培槽を配置するための段差部を備えていることを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, a plant cultivating apparatus (1) according to the present invention is a plant cultivating apparatus for hydroponics, comprising a nutrient solution tank in which a nutrient solution is stored, and an upper and lower portion of the nutrient solution tank. And a plant holding member disposed at an upper portion of the nutrient solution tank, and the partition member supplies air to the lower portion of the nutrient solution tank to generate bubbles generated by the nutrient solution. A ventilation part for moving to the upper part of the tank, and a liquid passing part for moving the nutrient solution at the upper part of the nutrient solution tank to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank, and the ventilation part collects the bubbles It is configured to include a bubble collecting portion having a possible shape and a vent hole through which the bubbles collected in the bubble collecting portion pass , and the partition member is configured by a cultivation tank having a bottom surface portion, and the bottom surface portion is the vent portion at one end of the formation, the liquid passing part is formed at the other end, the nutrient solution tank, the cultivation It is characterized in that it comprises a stepped portion for placing.

上記植物栽培器具（１）によれば、前記仕切部材により前記養液槽が上部と下部に仕切られ、前記養液槽の下部に空気を供給して発生させた気泡が前記気泡収集部で収集され、これら収集された気泡が前記通気孔を通って前記養液槽の上部に移動（上昇）し、これら気泡の上昇に伴って、前記養液が前記養液槽の下部から上部にポンプアップされる。このポンプアップ作用に伴って、前記養液槽の上部の養液が前記通液部の方向に流れ、その後、該通液部を通って前記養液槽の下部に流れる。その結果、安価な構成で、前記養液中の溶存酸素濃度を高く維持することができるとともに、前記養液を前記養液槽内で効率よく循環させることができ、長期間使用しても良好な栽培環境を維持することができ、植物の生長を促進させることができる。 According to the plant cultivation tool (1), the nutrient solution tank is partitioned into an upper part and a lower part by the partition member, and bubbles generated by supplying air to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank are collected by the bubble collecting unit. The collected bubbles move (rise) to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank through the vents, and as the bubbles rise, the nutrient solution is pumped up from the lower part to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank. Is done. With this pump-up action, the nutrient solution in the upper part of the nutrient solution tank flows in the direction of the liquid passing part, and then flows to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank through the liquid passing part. As a result, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution can be maintained high with an inexpensive configuration, and the nutrient solution can be efficiently circulated in the nutrient solution tank, and can be used for a long time. A cultivating environment can be maintained and plant growth can be promoted.

また本発明に係る植物栽培器具（２）は、水耕栽培用の植物栽培器具であって、養液が収容される養液槽と、該養液槽を上部と下部とに仕切る仕切部材と、前記養液槽の上部に配設される植物保持部材とを備え、前記仕切部材が、前記養液槽の下部に空気を供給して発生させた気泡を前記養液槽の上部に移動させるための通気部と、前記養液槽の上部の前記養液を前記養液槽の下部に移動させるための通液部と、前記通気部が前記通液部よりも上に位置するように傾斜させて形成された仕切面とを備え、前記仕切部材が、底面部を有する栽培槽で構成され、前記底面部の一端側に前記通気部が形成され、他端側に前記通液部が形成され、前記養液槽が、前記栽培槽を配置するための段差部を備えていることを特徴としている。 Moreover, the plant cultivation instrument (2) according to the present invention is a plant cultivation instrument for hydroponics, a nutrient solution tank containing a nutrient solution, and a partition member that partitions the nutrient solution tank into an upper part and a lower part. A plant holding member disposed on the upper part of the nutrient solution tank, and the partition member moves air bubbles generated by supplying air to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank. A ventilation part, a liquid passing part for moving the nutrient solution at the upper part of the nutrient solution tank to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank, and an inclination so that the ventilation part is located above the liquid passing part And the partition member is composed of a cultivation tank having a bottom surface portion, the ventilation portion is formed on one end side of the bottom surface portion, and the liquid passing portion is formed on the other end side. And the said nutrient solution tank is equipped with the level | step-difference part for arrange | positioning the said cultivation tank, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

上記植物栽培器具（２）によれば、前記仕切部材により前記養液槽が上部と下部に仕切られ、前記養液槽の下部に空気を供給して発生させた気泡が、前記傾斜した仕切面に沿って上昇した後、前記通気部を通って前記養液槽の上部に移動（上昇）し、これら気泡の上昇に伴って、前記養液が前記養液槽の下部から上部にポンプアップされる。このポンプアップ作用に伴って、前記養液槽の上部の養液にも前記通液部の方向への流れが生じる。さらに、前記仕切面が傾斜しているので、前記養液槽の上部の養液が前記通液部の方向に流れやすくなっており、その後、該通液部を通って前記養液槽の下部に流れ込むこととなる。その結果、安価な構成で、前記養液中の溶存酸素濃度を高く維持することができるとともに、前記養液を前記養液槽内で効率よく循環させることができ、長期間使用しても良好な栽培環境を維持することができ、植物の生長を促進させることができる。 According to the plant cultivation instrument (2), the nutrient solution tank is partitioned into an upper part and a lower part by the partition member, and bubbles generated by supplying air to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank are formed by the inclined partition surface. Then, it moves (rises) to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank through the ventilation part, and as the bubbles rise, the nutrient solution is pumped up from the lower part to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank. The With this pump-up action, a flow in the direction of the liquid passing portion also occurs in the nutrient solution at the top of the nutrient solution tank. Furthermore, since the partition surface is inclined, the nutrient solution in the upper part of the nutrient solution tank is easy to flow in the direction of the fluid passage part, and then passes through the fluid passage part and is located in the lower part of the nutrient solution tank. Will flow into. As a result, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution can be maintained high with an inexpensive configuration, and the nutrient solution can be efficiently circulated in the nutrient solution tank, and can be used for a long time. A cultivating environment can be maintained and plant growth can be promoted.

上記植物栽培器具（１）、（２）によれば、前記仕切部材が前記栽培槽で構成され、前記養液槽が前記栽培槽を配設するための段差部を備えているので、前記栽培槽を前記養液槽に容易に設置することができる。また、前記底面部の一端側に前記通気部が形成され、他端側に前記通液部が形成されているので、前記養液槽内の養液全体を一定の方向に循環させることができ、植物の根全体に酸素や栄養素が吸収されやすい環境を作り出すことができる。 According to the plant cultivation tools (1) and (2) , the partition member is constituted by the cultivation tank, and the nutrient solution tank includes a step portion for disposing the cultivation tank. A tank can be easily installed in the nutrient solution tank. In addition, since the ventilation portion is formed on one end side of the bottom surface portion and the liquid passage portion is formed on the other end side, the entire nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank can be circulated in a certain direction. It is possible to create an environment where oxygen and nutrients are easily absorbed by the whole plant root.

また本発明に係る植物栽培器具（３）は、上記植物栽培器具（１）又は（２）において、前記植物保持部材が、植物を保持する植物保持部と、液体肥料容器を保持する液肥保持部とを備え、該液肥保持部に装着される液肥補給手段をさらに備え、該液肥補給手段が、前記養液槽に収容された養液が所定位置より低下すると前記液体肥料容器から液肥を補給するものであることを特徴としている。 Moreover, in the plant cultivation instrument (3) according to the present invention, in the plant cultivation instrument (1) or (2) , the plant holding member holds a plant holding part for holding a plant, and a liquid manure holding part for holding a liquid fertilizer container. And further comprising liquid fertilizer replenishing means attached to the liquid fertilizer holding part, and the liquid fertilizer replenishing means replenishes liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer container when the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank falls below a predetermined position. It is characterized by being.

上記植物栽培器具（３）によれば、前記植物保持部材の前記植物保持部により前記植物を簡単に定植することができ、また、前記液肥保持部に前記液体肥料容器を常時設置しておくことができる。また、前記液肥補給手段が前記液肥保持部に装備されているので、養液量を一定に保つことができる。すなわち、長期間使用しても養液中の液体肥料の濃度を一定に保つことができ、植物の生長に良好な栽培環境を作りだすことができる。 According to the plant cultivation instrument (3) , the plant can be easily planted by the plant holding part of the plant holding member, and the liquid fertilizer container is always installed in the liquid fertilizer holding part. Can do. Moreover, since the said liquid fertilizer supply means is equipped in the said liquid fertilizer holding | maintenance part, the amount of nutrient solution can be kept constant. That is, even when used for a long period of time, the concentration of liquid fertilizer in the nutrient solution can be kept constant, and a favorable cultivation environment can be created for plant growth.

また本発明に係る植物栽培器具（４）は、上記植物栽培器具（１）〜（３）のいずれかにおいて、前記気泡を発生させるエアポンプをさらに備えていることを特徴としている。 Moreover, the plant cultivation instrument (4) according to the present invention is characterized in that in any of the plant cultivation instruments (1) to (3) , an air pump that generates the bubbles is further provided.

上記植物栽培器具（４）によれば、前記エアポンプを使用するので、水中（液送）ポンプと比較してメンテナンスの手間が少なく、また、前記水中ポンプと比較して安価であり、消費電力も少なく、長期間使用した場合の節電効果を高めることができる。 According to the plant cultivating instrument (4) , since the air pump is used, the maintenance work is less than that of the submersible (liquid feed) pump, and it is less expensive and consumes less power than the submersible pump. Less, it can enhance the power saving effect when used for a long time.

本発明の実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の要部分解断面図である。It is a principal part exploded sectional view of the plant cultivation implement concerning an embodiment of the invention. 実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具を構成する保持板の平面図である。It is a top view of the holding board which constitutes the plant cultivation instrument concerning an embodiment. 実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具を構成する栽培槽の平面図である。It is a top view of the cultivation tank which constitutes the plant cultivation implement concerning an embodiment. 実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の組立状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of the plant cultivation tool which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the plant cultivation tool which concerns on embodiment. 別の実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具を構成する栽培槽の平面図である。It is a top view of the cultivation tank which constitutes the plant cultivation implement concerning another embodiment. さらに別の実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の組立状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of the plant cultivation tool which concerns on another embodiment. 実施例１に係る植物栽培器具と比較例１、２に係る植物栽培器具とを使用して植物を栽培したときの植物の葉の展開面積に基づく生長速度を比較したグラフである。It is the graph which compared the growth rate based on the expansion | deployment area of the leaf of a plant when a plant was grown using the plant cultivation instrument which concerns on Example 1, and the plant cultivation instrument which concerns on Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG. 従来の植物栽培器具の使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the conventional plant cultivation instrument.

以下、本発明に係る植物栽培器具の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の要部分解断面図である。図２は、実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具を構成する保持板の平面図であり、図３は、栽培槽の平面図である。図４は、実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具の組立状態を示す断面図であり、図５は、使用状態を示す断面図である。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a plant cultivation instrument according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a main part of a plant cultivation instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a holding plate constituting the plant cultivation tool according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cultivation tank. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an assembled state of the plant cultivation tool according to the embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state.

植物栽培器具１は、養液が収容される養液槽１０と、養液槽１０を上部と下部とに仕切る仕切部材としての栽培槽２０と、養液槽１０の開口部１１に配設される植物保持部材としての保持板３０とを含んで構成され、図４、５に示すようにエアポンプ３を使用して養液槽１０の下部（栽培槽２０の下方）の養液２中に空気が供給される構造となっている。 The plant cultivation tool 1 is disposed in a nutrient solution tank 10 in which a nutrient solution is stored, a cultivation tank 20 as a partition member that partitions the nutrient solution tank 10 into an upper part and a lower part, and an opening 11 of the nutrient solution tank 10. And a holding plate 30 as a plant holding member, and air is contained in the nutrient solution 2 at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank 10 (below the cultivation tank 20) using the air pump 3 as shown in FIGS. Is supplied.

養液槽１０は、平面視略円形の底面部１２と、側面を構成する側壁部１３とを備えている。側壁部１３の高さ方向の中間部内周面には、栽培槽２０を配設するための段差部１４が形成され、側壁部１３の高さ方向の上部内周面には、保持板３０を配設するための段差部１５が形成されている。養液槽１０の大きさは特に限定されないが、家庭用とする場合には、使い勝手を考慮して、直径約３０ｃｍ〜５０ｃｍ、深さ約２０ｃｍ〜３０ｃｍ程度の大きさとすることが好ましい。 The nutrient solution tank 10 includes a bottom surface portion 12 having a substantially circular shape in plan view, and a side wall portion 13 constituting a side surface. A step 14 for arranging the cultivation tank 20 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 13 in the height direction, and a holding plate 30 is provided on the upper inner peripheral surface of the side wall 13 in the height direction. A stepped portion 15 for disposing is formed. The size of the nutrient solution tank 10 is not particularly limited, but in the case of home use, it is preferable that the diameter is about 30 cm to 50 cm and the depth is about 20 cm to 30 cm in consideration of usability.

栽培槽２０は、平面視略円形の底面部２１と、側面を構成する側壁部２２とを備え、養液槽１０内の段差部１４に底面部２１が配設されるようになっている。底面部２１には、エアポンプ３に接続されたチューブ４先端のエア供給部５から養液槽１０の下部（栽培槽２０の下方）に発生させた気泡を養液槽１０の上部（栽培槽２０内）に移動させるための通気部２３と、養液槽１０の上部の養液２を養液槽１０の下部に移動させるための通液部２４とが形成されている。通気部２３は、底面部２１における中心線上の一端部に形成され、通液部２４は、前記中心線上の他端部に形成されている。 The cultivation tank 20 includes a bottom surface portion 21 that is substantially circular in plan view and a side wall portion 22 that constitutes a side surface, and the bottom surface portion 21 is disposed on the stepped portion 14 in the nutrient solution tank 10. On the bottom surface portion 21, bubbles generated in the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 (below the cultivation tank 20) from the air supply part 5 at the tip of the tube 4 connected to the air pump 3 are located above the cultivation solution tank 20 (the cultivation tank 20. A ventilation part 23 for moving the inside of the nutrient solution tank 10 and a fluid passing part 24 for moving the nutrient solution 2 at the upper part of the nutrient solution tank 10 to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 are formed. The ventilation portion 23 is formed at one end portion on the center line of the bottom surface portion 21, and the liquid passage portion 24 is formed at the other end portion on the center line.

通気部２３は、気泡が収集可能なように上に凸の曲面状（断面視略円弧形状）に形成された気泡収集部２３ａと、気泡収集部２３ａの略中央頂部に形成された通気孔２３ｂとを含んで構成されている。気泡収集部２３ａの大きさ（面積）は、エアポンプ３から養液槽１０の下部に供給される気泡の広がりを考慮して、これら気泡が収集されやすい大きさに設定されている。また、通気孔２３ｂの大きさは、前記気泡の上昇に伴う養液２のポンプアップ作用が得られる大きさであれば特に限定されないが、使用するエアポンプ３の空気吐出量等を考慮して、養液２の上昇流が生じる大きさに設定される。 The ventilation portion 23 includes a bubble collection portion 23a formed in an upwardly convex curved shape (substantially circular arc shape in cross section) so that bubbles can be collected, and a ventilation hole 23b formed in a substantially central top portion of the bubble collection portion 23a. It is comprised including. The size (area) of the bubble collection unit 23a is set to a size that allows these bubbles to be easily collected in consideration of the spread of bubbles supplied from the air pump 3 to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10. Further, the size of the air hole 23b is not particularly limited as long as the pumping action of the nutrient solution 2 accompanying the rise of the bubbles is obtained, but considering the air discharge amount of the air pump 3 to be used, etc. It sets to the magnitude | size which the upward flow of the nutrient solution 2 produces.

例えば、エアポンプ３の空気吐出量が、約０．５Ｌ〜２Ｌ／ｍｉｎ程度である場合には、通気孔２３ｂの大きさは直径約０．５ｃｍ〜１．５ｃｍ程度とすることが好ましい。また、通気孔２３ｂの数は、１個に限定されるものではなく、栽培槽２０の大きさや形状、エアポンプ３の空気吐出量などを考慮して設定される。例えば、図６に示した栽培槽２０Ａのように通気孔２３ｂを複数個形成してもよい。係る構成によれば、通気孔２３ｂを流れる養液２の上昇流がより効率良く生じることとなる。また、通気孔２３ｂを筒形状としても同様のポンプアップ作用が得られる。 For example, when the air discharge amount of the air pump 3 is about 0.5 L to 2 L / min, the size of the vent hole 23 b is preferably about 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm in diameter. Further, the number of vent holes 23b is not limited to one, and is set in consideration of the size and shape of the cultivation tank 20, the air discharge amount of the air pump 3, and the like. For example, a plurality of vent holes 23b may be formed as in the cultivation tank 20A shown in FIG. According to such a configuration, the upward flow of the nutrient solution 2 flowing through the vent hole 23b is more efficiently generated. A similar pump-up effect can be obtained even if the vent hole 23b has a cylindrical shape.

通液部２４は、下に凸のなだらかな傾斜面状に形成された養液流入部２４ａと、養液流入部２４ａに形成された通液孔２４ｂとを含んで構成されている。養液流入部２４ａの大きさ(面積)は、通気部２３側から流れてくる養液２が流れ込みやすいように、気泡収集部２３ａの面積よりも大きく設定されている。また、通液孔２４ｂの大きさは、養液２の循環流が生じやすくするために通気孔２３よりも大きく形成されている。 The liquid passing portion 24 includes a nutrient solution inflow portion 24a formed in a gently sloping surface convex downward, and a fluid passage hole 24b formed in the nutrient solution inflow portion 24a. The size (area) of the nutrient solution inflow portion 24a is set larger than the area of the bubble collecting portion 23a so that the nutrient solution 2 flowing from the ventilation portion 23 side can easily flow. Further, the size of the liquid passage hole 24b is formed larger than that of the air hole 23 so that the circulating flow of the nutrient solution 2 is easily generated.

保持板３０は、略円盤形状に形成され、養液槽１０上部の段差部１４に配設される。保持板３０を構成する材料は、耐水性を有しているものであれば特に限定されないが、軽量で取り扱いが容易であるという観点から厚さが２〜５ｃｍ程度の発泡スチロールで構成することが好ましい。 The holding plate 30 is formed in a substantially disk shape and is disposed in the stepped portion 14 at the top of the nutrient solution tank 10. The material constituting the holding plate 30 is not particularly limited as long as it has water resistance, but it is preferably composed of a polystyrene foam having a thickness of about 2 to 5 cm from the viewpoint of being lightweight and easy to handle. .

保持板３０には、植物を保持する定植孔３１（植物保持部）と、液体肥料容器３２を保持する液肥保持孔３３（液肥保持部）と、エアポンプ３のチューブ４を通すためのチューブ孔３４が形成されている。定植孔３１には、植物の種苗等が配置される保持具３５（図４、５参照）が配設されている。保持具３５の形態は、定植孔３１に配設可能であれば特に限定されず、種から栽培する場合や苗から栽培する場合に応じて適した形態、例えば、筒形状や篭形状にすることができる。また、保持具３５の内部には、種苗の保持性を高めるためスポンジなどの多孔質部材を配設する構成としてもよい。かかる保持具３５によって、生長した植物を安定した状態で保持することが可能となる。なお、保持具３５を使用せずに、定植孔３１に植物の苗を直接定植してもよい。定植孔３１や保持具３５によって、栽培する植物の根全体が栽培槽２０内の養液２に浸かるようになっている。 The holding plate 30 has a fixed planting hole 31 (plant holding part) for holding plants, a liquid manure holding hole 33 (liquid fertilizer holding part) for holding the liquid fertilizer container 32, and a tube hole 34 for passing the tube 4 of the air pump 3. Is formed. The fixed planting hole 31 is provided with a holder 35 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) in which plant seedlings and the like are arranged. The form of the holder 35 is not particularly limited as long as the holder 35 can be disposed in the fixed planting hole 31. The form suitable for the case of cultivating from seeds or the case of cultivating from seedlings, for example, a cylindrical shape or a cocoon shape. Can do. In addition, a porous member such as a sponge may be disposed inside the holder 35 in order to improve the seedling retention. Such a holder 35 makes it possible to hold the grown plant in a stable state. In addition, you may plant a plant seedling directly in the fixed planting hole 31, without using the holder 35. FIG. The whole plant root to be cultivated is immersed in the nutrient solution 2 in the cultivation tank 20 by the fixed planting hole 31 and the holder 35.

液肥保持孔３３には、図４、５に示すように液体肥料容器３２の口に装着された液肥補給具３６が、その先端部が養液面に接触するように配設される。養液槽１０の養液面が液肥補給具３６の先端位置より低下すると、液体肥料容器３２の液肥が液肥補給具３６の先端位置まで自動的に補給されるようになっている。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the liquid fertilizer holding hole 33 is provided with a liquid fertilizer replenishing tool 36 attached to the mouth of the liquid fertilizer container 32 so that the tip thereof is in contact with the nutrient solution surface. When the nutrient solution level of the nutrient solution tank 10 falls below the tip position of the liquid fertilizer supply tool 36, the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer container 32 is automatically supplied to the tip position of the liquid fertilizer supply tool 36.

また、液肥保持孔３３は、栽培槽２０の通気孔２３ｂと略対向する位置付近に形成されている。そのため、液体肥料容器３２から供給された液肥が、養液２の循環する流れに乗って植物の根全体に行き渡りやすくなっている。また、定植孔３１の数は、１つに限定されるものではなく、保持板３０の大きさや形状等に応じて複数個形成してもよい。 Further, the liquid fertilizer holding hole 33 is formed in the vicinity of a position substantially opposite to the vent hole 23b of the cultivation tank 20. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer supplied from the liquid fertilizer container 32 is easy to spread over the whole plant root on the circulating flow of the nutrient solution 2. Further, the number of the fixed planting holes 31 is not limited to one, and a plurality of the fixed planting holes 31 may be formed according to the size and shape of the holding plate 30.

また、植物栽培器具１に使用されるエアポンプ（送気ポンプ）３の形式は特に限定されないが、モーターを使用しない安価かつ耐久性のある熱帯魚用の小型電磁式（磁石と電磁石を組み合わせて構成された）エアポンプを使用することが好ましい。小型電磁式のエアポンプを使用することで、従来使用されていた水中（送液）ポンプを使用する栽培と比較して、電気代を約半分に抑えることが可能となる。エアポンプ３の駆動電力は、図示しない家庭用電源又は電池などから供給されるようになっている。 Moreover, the type of the air pump (air supply pump) 3 used in the plant cultivation instrument 1 is not particularly limited, but is a small electromagnetic type for tropical fish that does not use a motor and is inexpensive and durable (combined with a magnet and an electromagnet). E) It is preferable to use an air pump. By using a small electromagnetic air pump, the electricity bill can be reduced to about half compared to the conventional cultivation using a submerged (liquid feeding) pump. The driving power of the air pump 3 is supplied from a household power source or a battery (not shown).

エアポンプ３に接続されたチューブ４（図４、５参照）は、保持板３０のチューブ孔３４及び栽培槽２０の通気孔２３ｂを通して養液槽１０の下部に配置され、チューブ４の先端部には、気泡を発生させるための多孔質体、例えば、スポンジやエアストーンで形成されたエア供給部５が装着されている。 The tube 4 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) connected to the air pump 3 is disposed in the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 through the tube hole 34 of the holding plate 30 and the vent hole 23 b of the cultivation tank 20. A porous body for generating bubbles, for example, an air supply unit 5 formed of sponge or air stone is mounted.

次に植物栽培器具１における酸素供給作用と養液循環作用について説明する。
植物栽培の準備が整った後、エアポンプ３を作動させると、図５に示すようにチューブ４先端のエア供給部５から養液中に気泡が発生し、養液中に酸素が供給される。これら気泡は、上昇しながら栽培槽２０の底面部２１の気泡収集部２３ａに収集され、その後、通気孔２３ｂから養液槽１０の上部（栽培槽２０内）に上昇する。この気泡の上昇とともに、養液２が養液槽１０の下部から上部にポンプアップされる。このポンプアップ作用に伴って、栽培槽２０内の養液２が通液部２４の方向に流れ、底面部２１の通液孔２４ｂから養液槽１０の下部に養液２が流れ込むこととなる。このようにして養液槽１０内の下部（栽培槽２０の下）から上部（栽培槽２０内）へ、該上部から下部へと養液２が循環する流れが生じる。この循環流に乗って、栽培槽２０内の植物の根全体に養液中の酸素や液肥の栄養素が行き渡るようになっている。 Next, the oxygen supply action and nutrient solution circulation action in the plant cultivation tool 1 will be described.
When the air pump 3 is operated after preparation for plant cultivation is completed, bubbles are generated in the nutrient solution from the air supply part 5 at the tip of the tube 4 as shown in FIG. 5, and oxygen is supplied into the nutrient solution. These bubbles are collected in the bubble collection part 23a of the bottom part 21 of the cultivation tank 20 while rising, and then rise to the upper part (inside the cultivation tank 20) of the nutrient solution tank 10 from the vent hole 23b. As the bubbles rise, the nutrient solution 2 is pumped up from the lower portion to the upper portion of the nutrient tank 10. With this pump-up action, the nutrient solution 2 in the cultivation tank 20 flows in the direction of the fluid passage 24, and the nutrient solution 2 flows into the lower portion of the nutrient tank 10 from the fluid passage hole 24 b of the bottom surface portion 21. . In this way, there is a flow in which the nutrient solution 2 circulates from the lower part (under the cultivation tank 20) to the upper part (in the cultivation tank 20) in the nutrient solution tank 10 and from the upper part to the lower part. Along this circulation flow, oxygen in the nutrient solution and nutrients of the liquid fertilizer are distributed throughout the roots of the plant in the cultivation tank 20.

また、養液２の蒸発や植物への吸収によって養液槽１０の養液面が低下した場合、液肥補給具３６の先端から液体肥料容器３２内の液肥が補給されて、養液面がほぼ一定に保たれ、植物の根全体が、常に養液２に浸かった状態にすることが可能となっている。 Further, when the nutrient solution level of the nutrient solution tank 10 is lowered due to evaporation of the nutrient solution 2 or absorption into the plant, the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer container 32 is replenished from the tip of the liquid fertilizer replenishing tool 36, and the nutrient solution surface is almost the same. It is possible to keep the whole plant root soaked in the nutrient solution 2 constantly.

上記実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具１によれば、栽培槽２０により養液槽１０が上部と下部に仕切られ、エアポンプ３から養液槽１０の下部に空気を供給して発生させた気泡が通気部２３（気泡収集部２３ａ及び通気孔２３ｂ）を通って養液槽１０の上部に移動（上昇）するため、通気部２３を通る気泡の上昇とともに、養液２が養液槽１０の下部から上部（栽培槽２０内）にポンプアップされる。このポンプアップ作用に伴って、栽培槽２０内の養液２は、通液部２４の方向に流れ、その後、通液部２４の通液孔２４ｂを通って養液槽１０の下部に流れ込むこととなる。この結果、エアポンプ３から発生させた気泡によって養液中の溶存酸素濃度を高く維持することができ、しかも養液２を養液槽１０内で効率よく循環させることができ、長期間使用する場合でも良好な栽培環境を維持することができる。また、安価な熱帯魚用（電磁式）のエアポンプ３を使用することができ、小規模で少数の植物を安定した環境で生長させることができる安価な水耕栽培システムを実現できる。 According to the plant cultivation instrument 1 according to the above embodiment, the nutrient solution tank 10 is partitioned into an upper part and a lower part by the cultivation tank 20, and bubbles generated by supplying air from the air pump 3 to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 are generated. Since it moves (rises) to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank 10 through the ventilation part 23 (the bubble collecting part 23 a and the ventilation hole 23 b), the nutrient solution 2 moves to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 as the bubbles rise through the ventilation part 23. To the upper part (in the cultivation tank 20). With this pump-up action, the nutrient solution 2 in the cultivation tank 20 flows in the direction of the liquid passing part 24, and then flows into the lower part of the nutrient tank 10 through the liquid passing hole 24 b of the liquid passing part 24. It becomes. As a result, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution can be kept high by the bubbles generated from the air pump 3, and the nutrient solution 2 can be efficiently circulated in the nutrient solution tank 10 for long-term use. But a good cultivation environment can be maintained. In addition, an inexpensive air pump (for electromagnetic use) 3 for tropical fish can be used, and an inexpensive hydroponic cultivation system capable of growing a small number of plants in a stable environment can be realized.

また、栽培槽２０の通気部２３が気泡を収集可能な形状をした気泡収集部２３ａを有しているので、養液槽１０の下部（栽培槽２０の下方）に発生させた気泡を効率良く収集することができ、養液槽１０の下部から上部(栽培槽２０内)に流れる養液２のポンプアップ作用を高めることができる。 Moreover, since the ventilation | gas_flowing part 23 of the cultivation tank 20 has the bubble collection part 23a of the shape which can collect a bubble, the bubble generated in the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 (below the cultivation tank 20) is efficiently obtained. The pumping action of the nutrient solution 2 flowing from the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 to the upper part (in the cultivation tank 20) can be enhanced.

また、養液槽１０の側面に栽培槽２０を配設するための段差部１４が形成されているので、栽培槽２０を養液槽１０に容易に設置することができる。また、栽培槽２０の底面部２１における中心線上の一端部に通気部２３が形成され、他端部に通液部２４が形成されているので、養液槽１０内の養液全体を一定の方向に循環させることができ、植物の根全体に酸素や栄養素が吸収されやすい環境を作り出すことができる。 Moreover, since the level | step-difference part 14 for arrange | positioning the cultivation tank 20 is formed in the side surface of the nutrient solution tank 10, the cultivation tank 20 can be installed in the nutrient solution tank 10 easily. Moreover, since the ventilation | gas_flowing part 23 is formed in the one end part on the centerline in the bottom face part 21 of the cultivation tank 20, and the liquid flow part 24 is formed in the other end part, the whole nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 10 is fixed. It can be circulated in the direction, creating an environment where oxygen and nutrients are easily absorbed by the whole plant root.

また、保持板３０の定植孔３１に保持具３５を介して植物を簡単に定植することができる。また、保持板３０の液肥保持孔３３に液肥補充具３６を装着した液体肥料容器３２を常時設置しておくことができるので、養液量を一定に保つことができ、また、養液中の液体肥料の濃度を一定に保つことができ、植物の生長に良好な栽培環境を作りだすことができる。 Moreover, a plant can be easily planted in the fixed planting hole 31 of the holding plate 30 via the holder 35. Moreover, since the liquid fertilizer container 32 equipped with the liquid fertilizer replenishment tool 36 can be always installed in the liquid fertilizer holding hole 33 of the holding plate 30, the amount of nutrient solution can be kept constant, The liquid fertilizer concentration can be kept constant, and a favorable cultivation environment can be created for plant growth.

なお、本発明に係る植物栽培器具に適用できる栽培槽は、上記実施の形態で説明した栽培槽２０、２０Ａに限定されるものではなく、例えば、図７に示した栽培槽２０Ｂを適用することができる。
図７に示した別の実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具１Ａを構成する栽培槽２０Ｂは、傾斜底面部２１ａと、側面を構成する側壁部２２とを備え、養液槽１０内の段差部１４に配設されるようになっている。 In addition, the cultivation tank applicable to the plant cultivation instrument which concerns on this invention is not limited to the cultivation tank 20 and 20A demonstrated in the said embodiment, For example, applying the cultivation tank 20B shown in FIG. Can do.
A cultivation tank 20B constituting a plant cultivation instrument 1A according to another embodiment shown in FIG. 7 includes an inclined bottom surface part 21a and a side wall part 22 constituting a side surface, and a step part 14 in the nutrient solution tank 10. Are arranged.

傾斜底面部２１ａには、一端部に通気部２３としての通気孔２３ｂが形成され、他端部に通液部２４としての通液孔２４ｂが形成され、底面全体を通気部２３から通液部２４側に下方へ傾斜させた形態となっている。傾斜底面部２１ａの水平面に対する傾斜角度は、養液槽１０の下部に発生させた気泡が通気孔２３ｂに収集されやすく、かつ、養液槽１０の上部（栽培槽２０Ｂ内）の養液が通液孔２４ｂに流れ込みやすくするという観点から、養液槽１０や栽培槽２０Ｂの大きさも考慮して、約２°〜１５°の範囲、より好ましくは３°〜１０°の範囲に設定されている。 The inclined bottom surface portion 21a is formed with a vent hole 23b as a vent portion 23 at one end portion and a fluid passage hole 24b as a fluid passage portion 24 at the other end portion, and the entire bottom surface from the vent portion 23 to the liquid passage portion. It has a form inclined downward to the 24 side. The inclination angle of the inclined bottom surface portion 21a with respect to the horizontal plane is such that bubbles generated in the lower part of the nutrient solution tank 10 are easily collected in the vent hole 23b, and the nutrient solution in the upper part of the nutrient solution tank 10 (in the cultivation tank 20B) passes. From the viewpoint of facilitating the flow into the liquid hole 24b, the size of the nutrient solution tank 10 and the cultivation tank 20B is also taken into consideration, and is set to a range of about 2 ° to 15 °, more preferably a range of 3 ° to 10 °. .

このような植物栽培器具１Ａによれば、上記した植物栽培器具１と略同様の効果を得ることができる。また、栽培槽２０Ｂが傾斜底面部２１ａを備えているので、養液槽１０の下部に発生させた気泡が傾斜底面部２１ａの傾斜に沿って上昇し、通気孔２３ｂに収集されやすく、また、栽培槽２０内の養液２が、傾斜底面部２１ａの傾斜に沿って通液孔２４ｂに流れ込みやすくなっており、養液槽１０内で養液２をより効率良く循環させることができる。また、別の形態では、傾斜底面部２１ａの中間部分で、通気部２３側の傾斜が大きくなるように傾斜角を変えた形態にしたり、さらに別の形態では、通気孔２３ｂの周辺部に上に凸の曲面状をした気泡収集部を形成して、通気孔２３ｂに気泡がさらに収集されやすい形態とすることもできる。 According to such a plant cultivation instrument 1A, substantially the same effect as the above-described plant cultivation instrument 1 can be obtained. Moreover, since the cultivation tank 20B includes the inclined bottom surface portion 21a, the bubbles generated in the lower portion of the nutrient solution tank 10 rise along the inclination of the inclined bottom surface portion 21a and are easily collected in the vent hole 23b. The nutrient solution 2 in the cultivation tank 20 can easily flow into the liquid passage hole 24b along the inclination of the inclined bottom surface portion 21a, and the nutrient solution 2 can be circulated more efficiently in the nutrient solution tank 10. In another form, the inclination angle is changed in the middle part of the inclined bottom surface part 21a so that the inclination on the ventilation part 23 side is increased. It is also possible to form a bubble collecting portion having a convex curved shape so that bubbles are more easily collected in the vent hole 23b.

なお、上記した植物栽培器具１、１Ａでは、養液槽１０を上部と下部とに仕切る仕切部材として、容器形状をした栽培槽２０、２０Ｂが採用されているが、前記仕切部材は、容器形状に限定されるものではなく、例えば、通気部２３と通液部２４とを備えた平板部材などを採用することもできる。また、養液槽１０や栽培槽２０、２０Ａの形状は、平面視円形状に限定されるものではなく、平面視矩形形状や平面視楕円形状とすることができる。 In the above-described plant cultivation equipment 1, 1A, the container-shaped cultivation tanks 20 and 20B are adopted as the partition members that partition the nutrient solution tank 10 into the upper part and the lower part. For example, a flat plate member provided with the ventilation portion 23 and the liquid passage portion 24 may be employed. Moreover, the shape of the nutrient solution tank 10 and the cultivation tanks 20 and 20A is not limited to a circular shape in plan view, and can be a rectangular shape in plan view or an elliptical shape in plan view.

以下、本発明を実施例に基づいてさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これら実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例１では、実施の形態に係る植物栽培器具１を使用してトマトの栽培を行い、生長した葉の展開面積を観察した。なお、展開面積とは、栽培したトマトを植物栽培器具の正面側から撮影し、生育により展開した葉全体（シルエット）の面積を示している。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
In Example 1, tomato cultivation was performed using the plant cultivation tool 1 according to the embodiment, and the developed area of the grown leaves was observed. In addition, the expansion | deployment area has image | photographed the grown tomato from the front side of the plant cultivation tool, and has shown the area of the whole leaf (silhouette) expand | deployed by growth.

養液槽１０には、上面開口部１１の直径が約３２ｃｍ、深さが約２０ｃｍの大きさものを使用した。栽培槽２０には、通気部２３として気泡収集部２３ａと、直径約１ｃｍの通気孔２３ｂとが形成され、通液部２４として養液流入部２４ａと、長径が９ｃｍ、短径が約３ｃｍの略楕円形をした通液孔２４ｂとが形成されたものを使用した。保持板３０には、厚さ３ｃｍの発泡スチロール製のものを使用した。エアポンプ３には、最大吐出能力が、約１Ｌ／ｍｉｎの小型電磁式のエアポンプを使用した。 For the nutrient solution tank 10, the upper surface opening 11 had a diameter of about 32 cm and a depth of about 20 cm. In the cultivation tank 20, a bubble collecting part 23a and a vent hole 23b having a diameter of about 1 cm are formed as the vent part 23, and a nutrient solution inflow part 24a as the liquid passing part 24 is 9 cm in major axis and about 3 cm in minor axis. What was formed with the substantially elliptical fluid passage hole 24b was used. The holding plate 30 was made of polystyrene foam having a thickness of 3 cm. As the air pump 3, a small electromagnetic air pump having a maximum discharge capacity of about 1 L / min was used.

栽培槽２０やエアポンプ３等をセットした養液槽１０に、所定量の養液２を入れ、保持板３０の定植孔３１にトマトの種が配置された保持具３５を養液面に浸かるようにセットし、エアポンプ３を作動させた。 A predetermined amount of the nutrient solution 2 is put into the nutrient solution tank 10 in which the cultivation tank 20 and the air pump 3 are set, and the holder 35 in which the seeds of tomatoes are arranged in the fixed planting holes 31 of the holding plate 30 is immersed in the nutrient solution surface. And the air pump 3 was operated.

比較例１では、上記養液槽１０と略同程度の容積の栽培容器中に、所定量の養液を入れ、トマトの種を入れた栽培鉢を養液中に浸けて栽培を行った。比較例１では、実施例１のような仕切部材としての栽培槽２０は設けていない。さらにエアポンプによる養液中へ空気の供給も行っていない。養液は、実施例１と同じものを使用した。 In Comparative Example 1, cultivation was carried out by putting a predetermined amount of nutrient solution into a cultivation container having a volume approximately the same as that of the nutrient solution tank 10 and immersing the cultivation pot containing tomato seeds in the nutrient solution. In the comparative example 1, the cultivation tank 20 as a partition member like Example 1 is not provided. Furthermore, air is not supplied into the nutrient solution by the air pump. The same nutrient solution as that used in Example 1 was used.

比較例２では、上記養液槽１０と略同程度の容積の栽培容器中に、所定量の養液を入れ、トマトの種を入れた栽培鉢を養液中に浸けて栽培を行った。比較例２では、実施例１のような仕切部材としての栽培槽２０は設けていないが、実施例１と同じエアポンプ３による養液中へ空気の供給のみを行った。養液は、実施例１と同じものを使用した。 In Comparative Example 2, a predetermined amount of nutrient solution was placed in a cultivation container having a volume approximately the same as that of the nutrient solution tank 10, and a cultivation pot containing tomato seeds was immersed in the nutrient solution for cultivation. In Comparative Example 2, the cultivation tank 20 as a partition member as in Example 1 was not provided, but only air was supplied into the nutrient solution by the same air pump 3 as in Example 1. The same nutrient solution as that used in Example 1 was used.

これら実施例１に係る植物栽培器具及び比較例１、２に係る植物栽培器具を野外の同じ場所に設置して、栽培経過を観察した。なお、養液は適宜補充した。図８は、実施例１に係る植物栽培器具及び比較例１、２に係る植物栽培器具を用いて、トマトを種から１２０日間栽培したときの、生長した葉の展開面積の変化を示したグラフを示している。 These plant cultivation implements according to Example 1 and plant cultivation implements according to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were installed at the same place in the field, and the progress of cultivation was observed. The nutrient solution was appropriately supplemented. FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in the development area of the grown leaves when tomatoes are cultivated from seeds for 120 days using the plant cultivation equipment according to Example 1 and the plant cultivation equipment according to Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Is shown.

図８に示すように、栽培開始９０日目において、実施例１では、比較例１、２と比較して、展開面積が約１．５〜１．７倍程度となっており、生長速度に明らかな差が確認され始めた。さらに、栽培開始１２０日目において、実施例１では、比較例１、２と比較して、展開面積が約２．８〜３倍程度とさらに大きくなっており、比較例１、２と比較して植物の生長が大きく促進されていることが確認できた。すなわち、実施例１に係る植物栽培器具１では、エアポンプ３から養液槽１０下部の養液中へ空気を供給することによって養液槽１０及び栽培槽２０内に養液の循環流を発生させることができ、植物の根全体から養液中の酸素や栄養素が常に吸収されやすい環境を作り出すことができた。 As shown in FIG. 8, on the 90th day from the start of cultivation, in Example 1, the development area is about 1.5 to 1.7 times that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the growth rate is increased. Clear differences began to be confirmed. Furthermore, on the 120th day from the start of cultivation, in Example 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the development area is about 2.8 to 3 times larger, compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2. It was confirmed that plant growth was greatly promoted. That is, in the plant cultivation tool 1 according to Example 1, by supplying air from the air pump 3 into the nutrient solution below the nutrient solution tank 10, a circulation flow of the nutrient solution is generated in the nutrient solution tank 10 and the cultivation tank 20. It was possible to create an environment in which oxygen and nutrients in the nutrient solution were always absorbed from the whole plant root.

１、１Ａ植物栽培器具
２養液
３エアポンプ
４チューブ
５エア供給部
１０養液槽
１１開口部
１２底面部
１３側壁部
１４、１５段差部
２０、２０Ａ、２０Ｂ栽培槽
２１底面部
２１ａ傾斜底面部
２２側壁部
２３通気部
２３ａ気体収集部
２３ｂ通気孔
２４通液部
２４ａ養液流入部
２４ｂ通液孔
３０保持板
３１定植孔
３３液肥保持孔
３６液肥補充具 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A Plant cultivation instrument 2 Nutrient solution 3 Air pump 4 Tube 5 Air supply part 10 Nutrient tank 11 Opening part 12 Bottom part 13 Side wall part 14, 15 Step part 20, 20A, 20B Cultivation tank 21 Bottom part 21a Inclined bottom part 22 Side wall portion 23 Ventilation portion 23a Gas collection portion 23b Ventilation hole 24 Fluid passage portion 24a Nutrient solution inflow portion 24b Fluid passage hole 30 Holding plate 31 Planting hole 33 Liquid manure holding hole 36 Liquid fertilizer replenishment tool

Claims

A plant cultivation instrument for hydroponics,
A nutrient bath in which the nutrient solution is stored;
A partition member that partitions the nutrient solution tank into an upper part and a lower part;
A plant holding member disposed on the top of the nutrient solution tank,
The partition member is
A vent for moving air bubbles generated by supplying air to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank;
A liquid passing part for moving the nutrient solution at the upper part of the nutrient solution tank to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank;
The vent is
A bubble collecting part having a shape capable of collecting the bubbles;
An air hole through which the air bubbles collected in the air bubble collecting section pass .
The partition member is composed of a cultivation tank having a bottom surface part,
The ventilation part is formed on one end side of the bottom part, and the liquid passing part is formed on the other end side ,
The plant cultivation tool , wherein the nutrient solution tank includes a step portion for arranging the cultivation tank .

A plant cultivation instrument for hydroponics,
A nutrient bath in which the nutrient solution is stored;
A partition member that partitions the nutrient solution tank into an upper part and a lower part;
A plant holding member disposed on the top of the nutrient solution tank,
The partition member is
A vent for moving air bubbles generated by supplying air to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank to the upper part of the nutrient solution tank;
A liquid passing part for moving the nutrient solution at the upper part of the nutrient solution tank to the lower part of the nutrient solution tank;
A partition surface formed to be inclined so that the ventilation portion is located above the liquid passing portion ;
The partition member is composed of a cultivation tank having a bottom surface part,
The ventilation part is formed on one end side of the bottom part, and the liquid passing part is formed on the other end side,
The plant cultivation tool , wherein the nutrient solution tank includes a step portion for arranging the cultivation tank .

The plant holding member includes a plant holding unit for holding a plant, and a liquid fertilizer holding unit for holding a liquid fertilizer container,
It further comprises liquid fertilizer supply means attached to the liquid fertilizer holding part,
The plant cultivation according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the liquid fertilizer replenishing means replenishes liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer container when the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank falls below a predetermined position. Instruments.

The plant cultivation instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an air pump that generates the bubbles.