JP6322103B2 - Liquefied container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and explosion test - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a container used for a combustion / explosion test of a flammable or combustion-supporting low-temperature liquefied gas, and particularly relates to a liquefied container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test that contains low-temperature liquefied gas in a liquid state.
In this specification, low-temperature liquefied gas or a system in which low-temperature liquefied gas coexists includes liquid oxygen + liquid methane, liquid oxygen + liquid propane, etc., a mixed system of combustible liquefied gas and combustible liquefied gas, liquid oxygen + A solid metal powder, a solid resin, and a solid mixture having an active surface are included, and these are collectively referred to as “a system in which a low-temperature liquefied gas or a low-temperature liquefied gas coexists”.

In order to handle flammable or flammable low-temperature liquefied gas safely, it is necessary to measure conditions that cause combustion and explosion, such as measurement of explosion range, surface catalytic effect, minimum ignition energy, and power of explosion. is there.
As an example of a test apparatus used for such a measurement, for example, a "flammable gas / steam explosion test" in Patent Document 1 or "Explosion Limit Area Measuring Device" in Patent Document 1 is assumed as a target for combustible gas. There is an example of simple equipment such as “apparatus”.
Moreover, as a test apparatus for powders, for example, there are “a dust explosion test apparatus” in Patent Document 3 and “a dust explosion test apparatus and a dust explosion test method” in Patent Document 4.
In addition, as a prior art related to low temperature liquefied gas explosion experiments, there is a non-patented example in which an ignition source was installed above a stainless steel container containing a mixture of liquid oxygen and liquid methane, and the combustion mode was examined by ignition and explosion. It is disclosed in Document 1.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-145921 JP 2010-8135 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-310583 JP 2011-220813 Kanto Shun et al., Abstracts of 2008 Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Thermopharmaceutical Science pp.29-30 (2008)

  Combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas mixture generally has an explosive range when the temperature decreases (range between the lower and upper concentration limits of the concentration at which the mixed gas ignites and explodes when the gas mixture has an ignition source) ) Tends to be narrow and the minimum ignition energy tends to be large. Therefore, low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests need to be repeated under the same temperature conditions. To conduct highly accurate tests, the temperature chamber and temperature can be kept constant for each test device. Implementation in a temperature-controlled room is essential.

However, all of the test methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 and Non-Patent Document 1 described above are directed to normal temperature gases and powders. For this reason, when the above-mentioned measurement and estimation tests involving combustion and explosion are performed using these, the influence of the temperature of the atmosphere and the influence when the gas-liquid state is different cannot be measured.
Further, in Non-Patent Document 1, not only the low-temperature liquefied gas, which is the analyte, evaporates at a very high rate due to the intrusion heat of the outside air, but the composition cannot be estimated in both the gas phase and the liquid phase. Therefore, there is a problem that a great amount of cost is required for safety environment preparation and safety measures such as a protective wall at the time of testing.

  As described above, conventionally, there is no testing device that can perform a combustion / explosion test by holding a flammable or combustion-supporting low-temperature liquefied gas at a predetermined low temperature, and a low-temperature that can be used in such a device. There was no container for storing the liquefied gas in a liquid state.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a container used for a combustion / explosion test of a flammable or combustion-supporting low-temperature liquefied gas, which can contain the low-temperature liquefied gas in a liquid state. It aims to provide a liquefaction container for combustion and explosion tests.

Unlike substances that exist in solid or liquid at room temperature, such as explosives, in order to perform a test by burning and exploding a low-temperature liquefied gas, the low-temperature liquefied gas itself is stored in a thermostatic container to maintain a constant temperature and pressure. It is necessary to be able to do it.
In addition, since a pressure of several GPa is applied to the container in direct contact with the low-temperature liquefied gas when the low-temperature liquefied gas is burned or exploded, it is economical to configure the container for storing the low-temperature liquefied gas and the pressure-resistant constant temperature container. Is difficult.
Furthermore, it is very difficult to accurately measure a small amount of low-temperature liquefied gas and flow it into the container.

In view of this, the inventor considered that the low-temperature liquefied gas storage container for storing the low-temperature liquefied gas and the pressure-resistant constant temperature container were separately provided, and the low-temperature liquefied gas storage container was disposed inside the pressure-resistant constant temperature container, and the gas serving as the sample was placed at room temperature. It was quantified by liquefaction and liquefied inside the container, and the low temperature liquefied gas storage container was considered to be easily damaged during explosion and combustion. In this way, the low-temperature liquefied gas to be analyzed can be accurately quantified, the pressure applied to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container during combustion and explosion can be reduced, and damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container can be reduced and repeated safely and with good reproducibility. The knowledge that combustion and explosion tests can be carried out was obtained.
The present invention is based on such knowledge, and specifically comprises the following configuration.

(1) A liquefied vessel for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to the present invention is a low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefied gas combustion chamber for liquefying and storing an introduced gaseous low-temperature liquefied gas. A liquefaction container for an explosion test,
A gas introduction pipe for introducing a gaseous low-temperature liquefied gas; a gas-state low-temperature liquefied gas supplied from the gas introduction pipe; A cooling block that cools and liquefies, an electrode mounting portion for mounting a discharge electrode that is provided in the cooling block and serves as an ignition source, and a low-temperature liquefied gas that has been cooled to a liquid state by the cooling block are stored. And a liquid reservoir.

(2) Further, in the above-described (1), the cooling block is connected to the first block to which the gas introduction pipe is connected and the electrode mounting portion is provided, and external cooling by solid heat conduction. It is comprised by the 2nd block which has a cold-heat-transfer surface to receive.

(3) Further, in the above (1) or (2), the first block and the second block are detachable.

(4) Further, in any one of the above (1) to (3), a heater for heating the gas introduction pipe and a heater control unit for adjusting the heat generation amount of the heater are provided. It is what.

(5) Further, in any of the above (1) to (4), the gas introduction pipe is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the cooling block. It is.

(6) Further, in any of the above (1) to (5), the gas introduction pipe has a bent portion in the vicinity of the connection portion with the cooling block. .

(7) Further, in any of the above (1) to (6), the liquid reservoir is integrally formed.

  A liquefied vessel for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to the present invention includes a gas introduction pipe for introducing a gaseous low temperature liquefied gas, a gaseous low temperature liquefied gas supplied from the gas introduction pipe, and solid heat conduction. A cooling block that cools and liquefies the low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state by receiving cold supply from the outside, an electrode mounting portion for mounting a discharge electrode provided in the cooling block and serving as an ignition source, and the cooling It is equipped with a liquid reservoir that stores the low-temperature liquefied gas that has been cooled by the block and turned into a liquid state, so the liquefied container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test is placed inside the pressure-resistant constant-temperature container and external to the cooling block By supplying cold heat from the tank, the pressure applied to the pressure and temperature chamber during combustion and explosion can be reduced, and the damage to the pressure and temperature chamber can be reduced and the combustion and explosion tests can be performed safely and repeatedly with high reproducibility. It is possible to carry out.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the internal structure of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test . It is explanatory drawing explaining the other aspect of the gas introduction pipe | tube of the liquefaction container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the other aspect of the cooling block of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the internal structure of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests shown in FIG. 4, Comprising: It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests. It is explanatory drawing explaining the other aspect of the cooling block of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the internal structure of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests shown in FIG. 6, Comprising: It is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests. It is explanatory drawing explaining the other aspect of the liquid storage part of the liquefying container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion and an explosion test which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the internal structure of the low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container shown in FIG. 8, Comprising: It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of the combustion / explosion test apparatus provided with the liquefaction container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: is there. It is explanatory drawing explaining the container holding mechanism for hold | maintaining the liquefied container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests of the combustion / explosion test apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the installation state of the low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container in the combustion / explosion test apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the other aspect of a container holding mechanism. It is explanatory drawing explaining the further another aspect of a container holding mechanism. It is explanatory drawing explaining the experimental result which concerns on the Example of this invention (the 1). It is explanatory drawing explaining the experimental result which concerns on the Example of this invention (the 2).

As shown in FIG. 1, a low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container 1 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “liquefaction container 1”) according to an embodiment of the present invention introduces a low-temperature liquefied gas in a gaseous state. And a cooling block 5 that receives the supply of the low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state from the gas introduction tube 3 and receives the supply of cold from the outside by solid heat conduction to cool and liquefy the low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state. And an electrode mounting portion 9 for mounting the discharge electrode 7 provided in the cooling block 5 and serving as an ignition source, and a liquid reservoir portion 11 for storing the low-temperature liquefied gas that has been cooled by the cooling block 5 to a liquid state It has.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Gas introduction pipe>
The gas introduction pipe 3 is connected to an external gas supply source (primary side) and introduces a gaseous low-temperature liquefied gas into the liquid reservoir 11.
The gas introduction pipe 3 is preferably formed of a material having strength such as stainless steel and a low heat transfer coefficient.

The gas introduction pipe 3 is preferably provided with a bent portion 3a as shown in FIG. The reason is as follows.
The shock wave at the time of the explosion test also enters the inside of the gas introduction pipe 3 connected to the liquid reservoir 11 and adversely affects the valves for controlling the gas supply installed on the primary side of the gas introduction pipe 3. . Therefore, by providing the gas introduction pipe 3 with the bent portion 3a, the shock wave can be attenuated as much as possible, and adverse effects on the gas supply control valve and the like installed on the primary side of the gas introduction pipe can be prevented.
Further, since the gas introduction pipe 3 is bent, the gas introduction pipe 3 itself and the joint portion of the gas introduction pipe 3 and the like are easily destroyed during the explosion test. It is possible to reduce damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 that houses the liquefying container 1 for the combustion / explosion test.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a heater block 13 (corresponding to the “heater” of the present invention) for heating the gas introduction pipe 3 may be provided in the vicinity of the cooling block 5 in the gas introduction pipe 3. The amount of heat generated by the heater block 13 is controlled by the heater control unit 14. Thus, by providing the heater block 13, the temperature in the gas introduction pipe 3 can be controlled to a temperature at which the gas in the gas introduction pipe 3 is not solidified by the cooling heat of the cooling block 5.

<Cooling block>
The cooling block 5 receives the supply of the low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state from the gas introduction pipe 3 and also receives the supply of cold from the outside by the solid heat conduction at the cold heat transfer surface 5a to cool and liquefy the low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state. .
The cooling block 5 part is preferably formed of copper or the like having high thermal conductivity capable of transmitting sufficient cold heat to the gaseous low-temperature liquefied gas introduced from the gas introduction pipe 3.

The cooling block 5 may be formed as a single unit as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but as shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the first is provided with a gas introduction pipe 3 and an electrode mounting portion 9. You may comprise by the two blocks of the block 15 and the 2nd block 17 which has the cold heat transfer surface 17a which receives the cold from the outside by solid heat conduction.
In this case, it is preferable that the first block 15 is made of stainless steel, which is the same material as the gas introduction pipe 3, and the second block 17 is made of copper or copper alloy having a high heat transfer coefficient, and both are joined by brazing.

However, if the first block 15 and the second block 17 are formed of different materials, the thermal contraction rates of the first block 15 and the second block 17 are different at extremely low temperatures, and the joint between them may be separated. .
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a concave portion 17b is formed at the center of the second block 17, and the convex portion 15a formed at the bottom of the first block 15 is inserted into the concave portion 17b. I try to do it. By doing in this way, when the 2nd block 17 with a high thermal contraction rate shrink | contracts under cryogenic temperature, the junction part of the 2nd block 17 and the 1st block 15 does not leave | separate, conversely, the 1st block 15 can be further strengthened.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the first block 15 and the second block 17 may be attached and detached by bolt joining. In this case, it is preferable to provide a groove portion 17c on the joint surface of the second block 17 with the first block 15 and install a metal C ring to enhance the sealing performance.
By making the first block 15 and the second block 17 detachable, foreign substances other than gas (metal powder or other solid or liquid substance) can be introduced into the liquid reservoir 11 in advance, or a special ignition method can be used. When it takes, processing of an electrode etc. can be made easy.

<Electrode mounting part>
The electrode attachment portion 9 is provided on the cooling block 5 for attaching the discharge electrode 7 serving as an ignition source. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode attachment portion 9 of the present embodiment is formed by a through hole formed in the side surface of the cooling block 5.
When the cooling block 5 is formed by two blocks, the first block 15 and the second block 17, the electrode mounting portion 9 is formed in the first block 15 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6.

<Liquid reservoir>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid reservoir 11 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and stores the low-temperature liquefied gas that has been cooled by the cooling block 5 to be in a liquid state. The liquid reservoir 11 is joined to the cooling block 5 by brazing welding or the like.
The liquid reservoir 11 is preferably made of copper, brass, or the like, which has good heat conduction and is relatively easy to join and process.

The liquid reservoir 11 needs to have strength that can withstand the conditions of vacuum insulation and liquefaction, but it is desirable that the liquid reservoir 11 be manufactured with the smallest mass within a manufacturable range. The reason is as follows.
If the thickness of the liquid reservoir 11 is large and the mass of the barrel or bottom mirror portion is large, a large amount of material constituting the liquid reservoir 11 is scattered in the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 during explosion, and the pressure-resistant constant temperature that accommodates the liquefying container 1. The container 35 (see FIG. 10) is damaged. In addition, when the pressure resistance of the liquid reservoir 11 is high, a high pressure is maintained until the liquid reservoir 11 is broken, and the damaged material particles collide into the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35, so that individual particles accumulate large kinetic energy. It will be in the state.
Therefore, it is desirable to manufacture the liquid reservoir 11 with a thin wall, and as a result, the accumulated energy until the container breaks is small and the amount of material scattered is small, so that the damage in the pressure resistant constant temperature container 35 can be reduced.

The liquid reservoir 11 may be formed by brazing a commercially available cap 21 and a copper tube 19 as shown in FIGS.
However, since the liquid reservoir 11 can be easily damaged at the time of ignition, damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 can be minimized. For example, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. By forming it integrally, it is possible to reduce the mass and make the thickness uniform by making the entire body as thin as possible (for example, about 0.2 mm) by eliminating the part where the mass increases such as the brazing part. desirable. As a result, during the combustion / explosion test, the liquid reservoirs 11 are very finely and evenly distributed, so that damage to other members can be further reduced.
Even if the liquid reservoir 11 is formed integrally, if the liquid level of the low-temperature liquefied gas in the liquid state reaches the junction with the cooling block 5 in the liquid reservoir 11, the accumulated energy until the container breaks down. Therefore, the liquid level of the low-temperature liquefied gas in the liquid state stored in the liquid reservoir 11 is preferably lower than the joint of the liquid reservoir 11 with the cooling block 5.

  In FIGS. 8 and 9, as an example in which the liquid reservoir 11 is integrally formed, the tip shape is close to a hemispherical shape. However, when the liquid reservoir portion 11 is integrally formed, it is not necessarily limited to the hemispherical shape. It is not a thing.

The low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above is disposed in the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 and used for the combustion / explosion test.
In the combustion / explosion test, a low-temperature liquefied gas in a gaseous state is introduced from the gas introduction pipe 3, and the introduced gas is cooled by the cooling block 5 and dropped into the liquid reservoir 11 in a liquid state. The liquid reservoir 11 receives cold heat from the cooling block 5, and the low-temperature liquefied gas in the liquid reservoir 11 is stored in a gas-liquid equilibrium state.
When a necessary amount of the low-temperature liquefied gas is stored in the liquid reservoir 11, the low-temperature liquefied gas is exploded by energizing the discharge electrode 7 to generate a spark.

Since the liquefied container 1 for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test is used in a combustion / explosion test apparatus, the combustion / explosion test apparatus will be outlined.
As shown in FIG. 10, the combustion / explosion test apparatus 31 includes an outer container 33, a pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 that is installed in the outer container 33, is cooled from the outside and is evacuated, and a pressure-resistant constant temperature container. A cold heat transfer mechanism 37 that transmits cold heat to the inside 35 and a container holding mechanism 39 that is disposed inside the pressure resistant constant temperature vessel 35 and holds the liquefied vessel 1 for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test in the pressure resistant constant temperature vessel 35 (FIG. 11). A refrigerator 41 for generating cold heat to be transmitted to the liquefied container 1 for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test, and a gas container 43 as a gas supply source.
Hereinafter, each structure of the combustion / explosion test apparatus 31 will be described.

<Outer container>
The outer container 33 includes a circular bottom plate portion 33a, a cylindrical side wall portion 33b, and a top plate portion 33c provided with an opening portion 33d in which the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 is installed. The inside of the outer container 33 is insulated by vacuum.

<Pressure and temperature chamber>
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the pressure resistant and constant temperature container 35 includes a container main body 35 a composed of a bottomed cylindrical body, a lid 35 b that covers the opening of the container main body 35 a, and a liner 35 c that covers the inner wall surface of the container main body 35 a. have.
The container body 35a is formed of a bottomed cylinder and has a flange portion 36 at the upper end. The container main body 35a is made of a material such as stainless steel that has high strength and is easy to process and hardly conducts heat. The container main body 35a is configured to be evacuated by a vacuum pump (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 10, the lid body 35b is formed in a plate shape so as to cover the opening of the container body 35a. The lid 35b is provided with an opening 35d and can be closed by inserting the valve body 38 therein.
The liner 35c is formed of a material having excellent thermal conductivity and low combustibility even when exposed to oxygen gas, for example, a copper alloy such as copper or brass.

<Cooling heat transfer mechanism>
The cold heat transfer mechanism 37 is for transferring cold heat into the container body 35a. The cold heat transfer mechanism 37 has a cold base 37a covering the bottom of the container main body 35a (see FIG. 12), one end connected to the cold base 37a, and the other end penetrating the container main body 35a and disposed outside the container main body 35a. A cold rod 37b for transmitting cold heat to the cold base 37a (see FIG. 12), a solid heat conducting member 37c for contacting the outer peripheral surface of the container body 35a and transmitting cold heat to the outer peripheral surface (see FIG. 10). I have.

The cold base 37a and the cold rod 37b are formed of a material such as copper or copper alloy having a higher thermal conductivity than the container body 35a.
As shown in FIG. 10, the cold rod 37 b receives cold heat by being connected to the external refrigerator 41 by, for example, a rectangular block-shaped cold heat transfer member 49.

The solid heat conducting member 37c contacts the outer peripheral surface of the container body 35a and transmits cold heat to the outer peripheral surface.
As shown in FIG. 1, the solid heat conducting member 37c is formed of a plate having one end connected to an external refrigerator 41 so as to transmit cold heat and having an opening at the other end, into which the container body 35a is inserted. By contacting the outer peripheral surface of the container main body 35a, cold heat is transmitted to the outer peripheral surface.

<Container holding mechanism>
As shown in FIG. 11, the container holding mechanism 39 includes a base plate 45 that is cooled by being in contact with the cold base 37 a of the cold heat transfer mechanism 37, and a pair of inverted L-shapes that are erected from the base plate 45. And a holding arm 47 that is disposed so that the front end portion 47a faces each other.
As shown in FIG. 11, the holding arms 47 are configured such that the tip portions 47 a are connected to each other with a bolt 51, and the gap between the tip portions 47 a can be adjusted by the bolt 51. For this reason, if the cooling block 5 is arrange | positioned between the front-end | tip parts 47a and the volt | bolt 51 is tightened, the cooling block 5 can be clamped and hold | maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the liquefied container 1 for the low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test is liquefied for the low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test by installing the container holding mechanism 39 on the cold base 37a in the container main body 35a. The container 1 is arrange | positioned in the container main body 35a. The liquefied container 1 for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test is cooled by transmitting cold heat from the cold rod 37b of the cold heat transfer mechanism 37 through the cold base 37a, the base plate 45 of the container holding mechanism 39, and the holding arm 47. It is like that.

  It is desirable that the liquid reservoir 11 of the liquefied container 1 for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test be installed at the center of the pressure and temperature controlled container 35 as shown in FIG. By doing so, a space is formed between the container body 3 and the liquid reservoir 11, so that when the subject burns or explodes, the liquid reservoir 11 is damaged by receiving an explosion pressure of several GPa inside. However, the pressure and impact applied to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 can be reduced to about several MPa. Therefore, the pressure resistance of the pressure and temperature isostatic container 35 can be reduced.

<Refrigerator>
The refrigerator 41 includes, for example, a He refrigerator, and generates cold heat that is transmitted to the low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test cryogenic container 1.
As described above, the refrigerator 41 is connected to the cold heat transfer member 49 so that the cold heat can be conducted to the cold rod 37b. In addition, the refrigerator 41 is connected to the solid heat conducting member 37c and can conduct cold heat to the container body 35a (see FIG. 10).

An example of a method for performing a combustion / explosion test using the combustion / explosion test apparatus 31 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
First, the vacuum heat insulating layer between the outer container 33 and the pressure resistant and constant temperature container 35 is evacuated, and the temperature of the outer surface of the liquid reservoir 11 is lowered. In this state, a gas (for example, methane gas or oxygen) is quantitatively introduced and held until the temperature and pressure in the liquid reservoir 11 are in equilibrium.

  Next, when a current is applied to the discharge electrode 7 to explode the subject, the liquid reservoir 11 is damaged, so that the pressure applied to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 is reduced, and damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 can be reduced. it can.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the liquefied container 1 for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test is disposed inside the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35, and the sample gas is quantified at room temperature to reach the liquid reservoir 11. Since the liquid is liquefied in between, the low-temperature liquefied gas as the analyte can be accurately quantified.
In addition, since the liquid reservoir 11 is easily damaged during explosion and combustion, the pressure applied to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 during combustion and explosion can be reduced, and damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 can be reduced and repeated repeatedly. Can perform combustion and explosion tests well.

In the above description, the container holding mechanism 39 is described as an example of the structure that is held by the pair of holding arms 47. However, the container holding mechanism 39 only needs to be able to transmit cold heat to the cold heat transfer surface 5a of the cooling block 5, and the above structure is used. Not limited. As another mode, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, only one side of the cooling block 5 may be held by an inverted L-shaped piece holding arm 53 erected on the base plate 45.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, the cooling heat transfer surface 5 a of the cooling block 5 is brought into contact with the U-shaped holding member 55 standing on the base plate 45, and the holding member 55 and the holding member 55 are bolted. The cooling block 5 may be sandwiched between the pieces 57.

Next, a description will be given based on an example of a combustion / explosion test of an object using the combustion / explosion test apparatus 31.
In the present embodiment, the container body 35a has an internal volume of about 5 liters, and it is assumed that about 3 g of the CH ₄ + O ₂ mixed solution will explode in the container, and the maximum pressure at the time of explosion is 2.5. Estimated to be MPaG and created a container pressure resistance.
The liner 35c was made of pure copper having a thickness of 2 mm, was punched with an opening ratio of 20%, and a diameter of 2 mm, and was installed on the cold base 37a in the container body 3 so that the gap with the inner wall of the container body 3 was 1 to 2 mm.

The liquid reservoir 11 is made of copper in order to make the container wall as thin as possible and to reduce the heat transfer resistance as much as possible so that it can be easily broken during an explosion. Further, a container holding mechanism 39 is provided on the cold base 37a at the bottom of the container body 35a so that the liquid reservoir 11 can be installed in the center of the container body 35a as much as possible.
In addition, the liquid reservoir 11 includes a commercially available cap 21 and a copper tube 19 that are joined by brazing (Invention Example 1), and a liquid reservoir 11 that is integrally formed by cutting out (Invention Example 2). Two types were tested.
After assembling each part, the vacuum heat insulation layer between the outer container 53 and the container body 3 is evacuated, gas supply and cooling are performed so that 3 g of the above liquefied methane and liquefied oxygen can be prepared with an equivalent composition, and then ignition is performed. The subject was burned and exploded.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show photographs of the upper surface of the base plate 45 of Invention Example 1 and Invention Example 2 (the portion immediately adjacent to the liquid reservoir 11) after combustion and explosion.
In Invention Example 1, as shown in FIG. 15, the base plate 45 and the container main body 35a were slightly damaged. On the other hand, in Invention Example 2, as shown in FIG. 16, it is observed that the liquid reservoirs 11 are very fine and evenly dispersed and collide with the upper surface of the base plate 45, and the base plate 45 and the container main body 35a. It was confirmed that the damage to the can was reduced.
In addition, the cooling block 5 and the gas introduction pipe 3 are hardly damaged, and the same test is repeatedly performed only by replacing the liquid reservoir 11 without observing any noticeable damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature vessel 35. It was ready.

  As described above, the combustion / explosion test apparatus 31 includes the low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test liquefaction container 1 in addition to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35, thereby accurately quantifying the low-temperature liquefied gas as the subject. In addition, it is possible to reduce the pressure applied to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 during combustion and explosion, and to reduce damage to the pressure-resistant constant temperature container 35 and to perform the combustion and explosion tests safely and repeatedly with high reproducibility.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquefaction container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test 3 Gas introduction pipe 3a Bending part 5 Cooling block 5a Cooling heat transfer surface 7 Discharge electrode 9 Electrode attaching part 11 Liquid reservoir part 13 Heater block 14 Heater control part 15 1st block 15a Convex part 17 Second block 17a Cold heat transfer surface 17b Recessed portion 17c Groove portion 19 Copper tube 21 Cap 31 Combustion / explosion test apparatus 33 Outer container 33a Bottom plate portion 33b Side wall portion 33c Top plate portion 33d Opening portion 35 Pressure-resistant and constant temperature vessel 35a Container body 35b Lid 35c liner 35d opening 38 valve element 36 flange 37 cold heat transfer mechanism 37a cold base 37b cold rod 37c solid heat conduction member 39 container holding mechanism 41 refrigerator 43 gas container 45 base plate 47 holding arm 47a tip 49 cold heat transfer member 51 Bolt 53 Kataho Arm 55 holding member 57 holding piece

Claims (7)

A liquefied vessel for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test that liquefies and stores the introduced low-temperature liquefied gas in the gaseous state when carrying out an explosion test of the low-temperature liquefied gas,
A gas introduction pipe for introducing a gaseous low-temperature liquefied gas; a gas-state low-temperature liquefied gas supplied from the gas introduction pipe; A cooling block that cools and liquefies, an electrode mounting portion for mounting a discharge electrode that is provided in the cooling block and serves as an ignition source, and a low-temperature liquefied gas that has been cooled to a liquid state by the cooling block are stored. A liquefaction container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion tests, comprising a liquid reservoir.   The cooling block is configured by a first block to which the gas introduction pipe is connected and an electrode mounting portion is provided, and a second block having a cooling heat transfer surface that receives cooling from the outside by solid heat conduction. The liquefaction container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to claim 1 characterized by.   The liquefied container for low temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to claim 2, wherein the first block and the second block are detachable.   The low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a heater that heats the gas introduction pipe; and a heater control unit that adjusts a heat generation amount of the heater. Liquefaction container.   The liquefied container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas introduction pipe is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the cooling block. .   The liquefied container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gas introduction pipe has a bent portion in the vicinity of a connection portion with the cooling block.   The liquefying container for low-temperature liquefied gas combustion / explosion test according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the liquid reservoir is integrally formed.