JP6322437B2 - Precast concrete member construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a construction method of a precast concrete member.

  When constructing a concrete structure, for example, concrete is transported to a construction site and placed. However, it may be difficult to place concrete depending on the construction conditions, such as when constructing structures on slopes. In addition, when concrete is transported to the construction site, problems such as quality deterioration with the passage of transport time also occur. In particular, when carrying out construction work in remote areas or remote areas, the transport time becomes longer.

  Therefore, many precast concrete methods (PCa method) which convey the precast concrete member (piece) manufactured in the factory to a construction site, assemble this, and perform construction (refer to patent documents 1 and 2 etc.).

  The PCa method is generally performed according to the following procedure. That is, first, a target structure is divided into pieces of the same shape in consideration of the size and weight that can be transported, and a manufacturing drawing is created, and a necessary mold is manufactured according to the manufacturing drawing. And the piece is repeatedly manufactured with the same mold. Pieces are manufactured by steps such as bar arrangement, concrete placement, steam curing, and temporary placement after demolding in the mold, and the manufactured pieces are transported to the construction site and assembled to construct a structure.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-326061 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-300717

  The PCa construction method is a construction method that is realized by manufacturing and assembling many pieces having the same shape. In order to carry out the assembly smoothly, very strict dimensional accuracy is required for the pieces. In particular, the required accuracy with respect to the joint surface is strict, and if the accuracy is poor, problems such as a gap between pieces occur.

  For this reason, molds are required to have strict manufacturing accuracy, and are required to be durable and not to be deformed during many times of repeated use, especially concrete placement, vibration compaction, mold assembly and disassembly. .

  Moreover, in order to make it possible to repeatedly use the mold in a short time from the viewpoint of efficiency, accelerated curing using steam is performed during curing. Therefore, steam curing equipment is necessary, and costs for curing are also required. In addition, since the piece is demolded at a material age (about 2 days) at which the necessary minimum strength can be obtained, if the desired strength is not enough, the piece may be cracked or cracked. Damage is likely to occur.

  In addition, even if the die is repeatedly diverted in a short time as described above, if one piece is produced in about 2 days, the die is diverted 200 to 300 times, which is generally performed. It takes a long time of about 1 year to a year and a half to produce. After the concrete is cured, the mold is dismantled and the piece is taken out and moved to a temporary storage yard. However, there is a problem that a large temporary storage yard is required for a long time to store the manufactured piece.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a production method and a construction method for a precast concrete member in which a piece can be easily produced and the piece can be easily constructed.

The first invention for solving the problems described above, a construction method for Help Les cast concrete member to place the plurality of precast concrete member in a predetermined region, the outer peripheral portion shape in plan view corresponding to the predetermined area the middle partition formwork provided on the inner side of the frame, a plurality of precast concrete members manufactured by Da設concrete, placed in the same position of the predetermined region in accordance with the arrangement in the outer peripheral portion mold in the in partition type The area where the precast concrete member manufactured in one stage is arranged is determined by looking at the surface in the arrangement direction of the precast concrete member in the area when the installation of the frame and the placement of the concrete are repeated over a plurality of stages. pre, wherein different from the region arranged in the precast concrete member made of another stage It is a construction method of the turbocharger strike concrete member.

  According to the first invention, pieces for one area of the structure are integrally made on a plane, and if these pieces are laid in the area in the same arrangement as at the time of manufacture, the partition formwork is slightly Even if there is a difference in the shape of the piece due to errors such as misalignment and inclination, the piece can be installed smoothly without gaps. Therefore, the partition form is not required to have a large rigidity, and the precision does not need to be so strict, so that it can be easily manufactured.

  In addition, since many pieces to be installed in one area of the structure can be manufactured at a time, the curing period can be increased, and the placed concrete is temporarily placed in that position for normal watering curing. By this, sufficient strength can be obtained. Therefore, accelerated curing such as steam curing is not necessary, and costs such as curing equipment and steam production are not necessary. Furthermore, it is possible to produce pieces in the construction site or in an open space near the construction site, and there is an advantage that the transportation cost of the pieces can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, unlike the conventional PCa method, a mold is not used and daily demolding work is unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost is comparable to that of normal concrete or reinforced concrete, which is considerably cheaper than the conventional PCa method. In addition, specialized craftsmen are not required like factory production.

By repeating the installation of the partition formwork and the placement of the concrete over multiple stages , the concrete at each stage is piled up, and one stage of concrete is used as a piece for one area of the structure. Can be produced sequentially. Since each stage can be stacked at intervals of about 1 to 2 weeks, a large number of pieces can be manufactured in a short time. In addition, the concrete at each stage can be temporarily placed and cured at that position, and a large temporary yard is not required.

It is desirable to record information related to the arrangement in the outer periphery formwork on the concrete at each location partitioned by the partition formwork.
Thereby, it becomes easy to install a piece at a construction site according to the arrangement | positioning at the time of manufacture.

It is desirable that concrete is first placed in a part of the part partitioned by the partitioning formwork, and then concrete is placed in the remaining part.
Thereby, the diversion of the partition form can be facilitated, and a piece can be manufactured at low cost.

It is desirable to provide a bottom mold having irregularities at the bottom of the partition mold.
Thereby, unevenness can be provided on the piece, and it can be meshed with the lower layer at the time of installation at the construction site to enhance the integrity, or the design can be applied to the piece.

The precast concrete member in which the unevenness by the bottom mold is formed is arranged, for example, with the unevenness down .
It is also desirable that the height of the outer periphery formwork corresponds to the height of the plurality of stages of concrete.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a production method and a construction method for a precast concrete member in which pieces can be easily produced and pieces can be easily constructed.

Figure showing the seawall 2 The figure which shows the production yard 21 Diagram showing layout of formwork, etc. The figure explaining placement of concrete 50 The figure explaining the removal of the partition formwork 24 The figure explaining placement of concrete 50 The figure explaining placement of concrete 50 of each step The figure which shows installation of piece 1 The figure which shows piece 1a The figure which shows the inside partition formwork 24a, 24b The figure which shows the inside partition formwork 24c The figure explaining placement of concrete 50 The figure which shows the bottom mold 21b Figure showing retaining wall 2a

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1. Structure constructed using pieces)
FIG. 1 shows a seawall 2 which is an example of a structure constructed using a piece 1 which is a precast concrete member. FIG. 1A shows a vertical section of the tide bank 2, and FIG. 1B shows the front of the tide bank 2.

  In the seawall 2, a plurality of rectangular pieces 1 are laid in a rectangular region 10 (predetermined region) surrounded by curb concrete 11 on the ground slope. The size of the region 10 is, for example, a normal width corresponding to the vertical direction of FIG. 1B, 15 m, a normal length corresponding to the horizontal direction of FIG. Form with. However, the size of the region 10 is not limited to this.

(2. Piece production method)
Next, the manufacturing method of the piece 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the production point of the piece 1 is determined at an appropriate point in consideration of the position of the construction site of the seawall 2 and the position of the concrete production site. Then, a production yard for producing the piece 1 is constructed at the production point. 2 is a view showing the production yard 21, FIG. 2 (a) is a vertical sectional view of the production yard 21, and FIG. 2 (b) is a view of the production yard 21 as viewed from above. FIG. 2A shows a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. The same applies to the following FIGS.

  Here, the production yard 21 is made of concrete on the horizontal surface of the ground 200, and the unevenness of the base surface (concrete surface) is 1 to 2 cm or less.

  Next, a formwork or the like is placed in the production yard 21. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the outer peripheral formwork 22 is installed on the base surface of the production yard 21. The planar shape of the outer periphery formwork 22 corresponds to the region 10.

  In addition, a release layer 21a made of a release sheet, a release agent, or the like is formed on the base surface inside the outer periphery formwork 22, and a rectangular grid-like partition formwork 24 is disposed on the release layer 21a.

  If necessary, it is also possible to form a release layer (not shown) similar to the above on the inner side surface of the outer peripheral formwork 22 or the side face of the partition formwork 24. In addition, when the piece 1 is made of reinforced concrete, reinforcement is performed at a necessary portion in the partitioning formwork 24.

  Since the outer periphery formwork 22 requires a certain degree of accuracy, a support 23 assembled with a steel material or the like is provided outside the outer periphery formwork 22, and the support work 23 supports the outer periphery formwork 22. Thereby, the outer periphery formwork 22 is made into a formwork with high rigidity and hardly deformed, and accuracy is improved. The intermediate partition mold 24 does not need to be as accurate as the outer peripheral mold 22, so that it is not necessary to obtain such a high rigidity.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), concrete 50 is placed in a part of the portion partitioned by the partitioning formwork 24. Here, it is assumed that concrete 50 is placed in an odd-numbered grid. The concrete 50 is compacted with a vibrator, and the surface is finished with a gold-plated finish. Thereafter, wet curing, which is a general curing, is performed. As the wet curing, for example, a curing mat is laid on the upper surface of the concrete 50 to perform watering curing. The curing period is, for example, about one week.

  After curing of the concrete 50, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the partition molds 24 on the lattice side surfaces of odd-numbered rows are removed, and a release layer 25 made of a release sheet or release agent is formed instead. . The removed partition form 24 can be diverted when placing concrete 50 in the second and subsequent stages described later. It is also possible to leave the partition form 24 left.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, concrete 50 is placed in the remaining portions. As above, the concrete 50 is compacted with a vibrator, and the surface is finished with a hammer.

  Thereafter, curing of the newly placed first-stage concrete 50 is performed. Curing can be performed in the same manner as described above.

  After curing of all the first-stage concrete 50 is completed, a release layer 21a similar to the previous one is formed on the upper surface of the concrete 50 as shown in FIG. And as shown in FIG.7 (b), the partition formwork 24 similar to the 1st step | paragraph is installed on said peeling layer 21a.

  Next, the second stage concrete 50 is placed and cured in the same procedure as the first stage. After curing of the concrete 50 is completed, a release layer 21a is formed on the upper surface of the second-stage concrete 50. This state is shown in FIG.

  The above procedure is repeated, and curing is performed by placing concrete 50 for the required number of steps. Here, as shown in FIG. 7D, it is assumed that up to the third-stage concrete 50 is placed. From the viewpoint of workability, the number of stages is preferably about 10 or less, and the height of all stages is preferably about 5 m or less. In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral formwork 22 for the height of the concrete 50 in all stages is first installed, and the concrete 50 is placed in a plurality of stages on the inside thereof, but the concrete 50 in each stage is placed. It is also possible to pile up the outer peripheral formwork 22 at each stage each time.

  Finally, when the outer peripheral form 22, the remaining partition form 24, and, if necessary, the release layers 21 a and 25 are removed at the time of carrying out the pieces, a plurality of pieces 1 made of concrete 50 and spread in the region 10. Is obtained. Here, since the concrete 50 is placed in three stages, a piece 1 of three regions of 10 minutes is obtained.

  In addition, at the time of manufacturing the piece 1, information on the arrangement such as the identification number of the piece 1 as well as the position and orientation in the outer peripheral formwork 22 on the upper surface of the concrete 50 at each location partitioned by the partition formwork 24. And record it. In addition, the information regarding arrangement | positioning is not restricted to the above, What is necessary is just information relevant to the arrangement | positioning in the outer peripheral part formwork 22, and the information relevant to the area | region 10 which installs the piece 1 as needed.

(3. Construction method for piece 1)
When constructing the seawall 2 described above, the pieces 1 are transported to the construction site, and each piece 1 is laid and installed in the area 10 in accordance with the arrangement of the pieces 1 made of concrete 50 (see FIG. 6B, etc.). To do. That is, each piece 1 is arranged in the region 10 with reference to the information related to the arrangement described above at the same position and orientation on the plane at the time of manufacture.

  When the arrangement of the piece 1 at the time of production and the arrangement of the piece 1 at the time of installation are matched as described above, when the concrete 50 is placed during the production of the piece 1 as shown in FIG. Even if it is somewhat deformed, adjacent pieces 1 are engaged with each other during installation as shown in FIG. 8B, and there is no problem in the strength of the installation work or the structure. On the other hand, if these arrangements are not matched, a gap may be formed when the piece 1 is installed as shown in FIG. 8 (c), which may hinder the installation work and the strength of the structure.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the piece 1 of 10 minutes in one area of the tide bank 2 is integrally made on a plane, the areas of the tide bank 2 are arranged in the same arrangement as at the time of manufacture. 10, even if there is a difference in the shape of the piece 1 due to a slight misalignment or inclination in the partition formwork 24, the piece 1 can be installed smoothly without gaps. Therefore, the partition wall form 24 does not need to have great rigidity, and the precision does not need to be so strict, so that it can be easily manufactured.

  In addition, since a large number of pieces 1 to be installed in the area 10 can be manufactured at one time, the curing period can be as long as about one week, and the placed concrete 50 is temporarily placed in that position to perform normal watering curing. By performing the above, sufficient strength can be obtained. Therefore, accelerated curing such as steam curing is not necessary, and costs such as curing equipment and steam production are not necessary. Further, the piece 1 can be manufactured in the construction site or in an open space near the construction site, and there is an advantage that the transportation cost can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, unlike the conventional PCa method, a mold is not used and daily demolding work is unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost is comparable to that of normal concrete or reinforced concrete, which is considerably cheaper than the conventional PCa method. In addition, specialized craftsmen are not required like factory production.

  Further, in this embodiment, the installation of the partition formwork 24 and the placement of the concrete 50 are repeated, and the concrete is piled up in a plurality of stages. Pieces 10 of the area 10 can be sequentially manufactured at the same place. Since each stage can be stacked at intervals of about 1 to 2 weeks, a large number of pieces 1 can be manufactured in a short time. Moreover, the concrete 50 of each step | paragraph can be temporarily set | placed and cured as it is at the position, and a big temporary storage yard is unnecessary.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the construction site is recorded in accordance with the arrangement at the time of production by recording information on the arrangement such as the position and orientation in the outer peripheral formwork 22 in the concrete 50 at each location partitioned by the partition formwork 24. It becomes easy to install the piece 1 at. The above information may be directly written on the concrete 50, or, as shown in FIG. 9, the piece 1a may be manufactured by embedding the IC tag 14 into which such information has been input when placing the concrete 50.

  In the present embodiment, the concrete 50 is first placed at a part of the portion partitioned by the partitioning formwork 24, and then the concrete 50 is placed at the remaining portion. Thereby, diversion of the partition formwork 24 becomes easy and the piece 1 can be manufactured at a lower cost. However, it is also possible to place concrete 50 at all locations partitioned by the partitioning formwork 24 at the same time.

  In the present embodiment, the piece 1 is rectangular and the partition form 24 is rectangular lattice. However, the shape of the piece is not limited to this, and the partition form may have various planar shapes according to the shape of the piece. An object having a vertical plane shape can be applied.

  For example, the partition form 24a in FIG. 10A is an example having irregularities in the vertical plane, and the partition form 24b in FIG. 10B is an example in which the vertical plane is formed in a hook shape. Thereby, an uneven | corrugated shape and a hook shape can be formed in the vertical surface of a piece.

  Furthermore, the partition form 24c in FIG. 11 is an example having irregularities on a plane. In this case, an uneven shape can be formed on the plane of the piece.

  In this way, by forming an uneven shape or a hook shape on the vertical surface or plane of the piece, adjacent pieces can be engaged with each other at the time of installation of the piece to form a strong structure.

  In addition, it is also possible to form the partition form in various polygonal lattice shapes such as rhombuses and triangles, and to form the planes of the pieces in various polygonal shapes. Further, the partition formwork may be arranged in a curved shape, and the plane of the piece may have a circular arc shape or a spiral curve. Moreover, it is also possible to change the planar shape of the pieces one by one by changing the lattice shape of the partition formwork at each location.

  In the present embodiment, the concrete 50 is first placed in an odd-numbered grid in the partition formwork 24, and then the concrete 50 is placed in the remaining portions. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), the concrete 50 may be first placed in a lattice at a staggered position in the partition formwork 24. In this case, after curing of the concrete 50, all the partition formwork 24 is removed as shown in FIG. 12 (b) to form the peeling layer 25 instead, and the remaining part as shown in FIG. 12 (c). Concrete 50 is placed on the surface.

  Furthermore, although the lower surface and upper surface of the piece 1 of this embodiment are smooth surfaces, as shown in FIG. 13, instead of the release layer 21a at the lower part of the partition mold 24, a bottom mold provided with irregularities on the upper surface. The frame 21b may be used to form irregularities on the lower surface of the piece. By forming irregularities on the lower surface of the piece, it can be meshed with the lower layer during installation at the construction site to enhance the integrity, and by installing the piece upside down, the irregularity can be made a surface design depending on the purpose It is possible to give a different surface shape.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the example which constructs the slope covering concrete of the area | region 10 of the seawall 2 as a structure was shown, the application object is not restricted to this, It can apply to various structures. For example, as in the retaining wall 2a shown in FIG. 14, it is also possible to apply to a case where a large number of pieces 1 are spread on the ground side region 10 on the foundation 12 constructed of concrete or the like.

  The present invention is a particularly advantageous method when constructing a structure in which a large number of pieces having the same thickness are spread in the same size region, and in addition to the above, the same shape and dimensions such as a rectangular parallelepiped shape that does not require such strict accuracy. It can also be applied to cases where a large number of piping foundations are made.

  Further, when a hanging jig or the like is required when installing pieces at a construction site, for example, the jig may be arranged at a necessary location in the partition formwork 24 before placing the concrete 50. Further, in a case where prestress is introduced into the piece, it is possible to place the concrete 50 after placing a sheath tube or the like for passing a tension material in the partitioning mold 24 first.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a: Piece 2: Seawall 2a: Retaining wall 10: Area | region 14: IC tag 21: Production yard 21a, 25: Peeling layer 21b: Bottom formwork 22: Outer part formwork 23: Supporting work 24, 24a, 24b 24c: Partition form 50: Concrete

Claims (6)

A precast concrete member construction method in which a plurality of precast concrete members are arranged in a predetermined region,
A plurality of precast concrete members produced by placing a partition formwork inside a planar outer periphery formwork corresponding to the predetermined region and placing concrete into the predetermined region according to the arrangement in the outer periphery formwork. placed in the same position of,
Repeat the installation of the partition formwork and the placement of the concrete over a plurality of stages,
The area where the precast concrete member manufactured in one stage is arranged is the arrangement of the precast concrete member manufactured in the other stage when the surface of the precast concrete member in the arrangement direction in the area is viewed. The construction method of the precast concrete member characterized by being different from the area . The concrete respective locations partitioned by the in partition formwork construction method of precast concrete member according to claim 1, wherein the recording information relating to the arrangement in the outer peripheral portion formwork in. Perform pouring of the concrete before the partial portion partitioned by the in partition formwork, then according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the pouring of the concrete in the remaining portion Construction method for precast concrete members. The construction method of the precast concrete member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a bottom mold having unevenness is provided at a lower part of the partition mold. The construction method of the precast concrete member according to claim 4, wherein the precast concrete member formed with unevenness by the bottom mold is disposed with the unevenness down. The construction method of the precast concrete member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a height of the outer periphery formwork corresponds to a height of the plurality of stages of concrete.

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