JP6341782B2

JP6341782B2 - Pneumatic unloader power requirement controller

Info

Publication number: JP6341782B2
Application number: JP2014145966A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 真斎喜川北; 功偉李; 圭阿久根; 裕貴中村; 右季小野
Original assignee: IHI Transport Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: IHI Transport Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-07-16
Filing date: 2014-07-16
Publication date: 2018-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2034-07-16
Also published as: JP2016023003A

Description

本発明は、ニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a power demand control apparatus for a pneumatic unloader.

一般に、穀物等の各種バラ物を積載した船舶が出入する港湾の岸壁には、該船舶の貯槽内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げて払い出すためのニューマチックアンローダが配備されている。 Generally, a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging the bulk material stored in the storage tank of the ship is arranged on the quay of a harbor where a ship loaded with various kinds of bulk materials such as grains comes and goes.

図７は従来のニューマチックアンローダの一例を示す概要構成図であって、該ニューマチックアンローダは、バラ物Ｂの貯槽１ａを装備した船舶１が停泊する港湾２の岸壁３に、内部にバラ物Ｂを導入可能なレシーバタンク４を、旋回機構（図示せず）により旋回自在に配設し、該レシーバタンク４の上部に、モータ５によって駆動されるルーツブロワ等の真空ポンプ６を空気吸引管７を介して接続し、前記レシーバタンク４に対し横方向へ張り出し且つその軸線方向へ伸縮機構（図示せず）により伸縮自在な横管８を、起伏機構（図示せず）により起伏自在となるよう管継手９を介して接続し、該横管８の先端側に、その軸線方向へ伸縮機構（図示せず）により伸縮自在な縦管１０を、ベンド管１１を介して接続し、前記縦管１０の下端に、前記貯槽１ａ内部に貯留されたバラ物Ｂを吸い上げる吸引ノズル１２を設け、該吸引ノズル１２から縦管１０と横管８とを介して前記レシーバタンク４内部に吸い上げられたバラ物Ｂを該レシーバタンク４内部の気密性を保持しつつ図示していないコンベヤやサイロ等へ搬出するロータリーフィーダ等の払出機１３を、前記レシーバタンク４の底部に取り付けてなる構成を有している。因みに、走行機構（図示せず）を具備した機種のニューマチックアンローダの場合、船舶１の長手方向（図７の紙面と直交する方向）へ走行できるようになっている。 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional pneumatic unloader. The pneumatic unloader is provided with a loose object on the quay 3 of a harbor 2 where a ship 1 equipped with a storage tank 1a for a loose object B is anchored. A receiver tank 4 into which B can be introduced is disposed so as to be freely rotatable by a turning mechanism (not shown), and a vacuum pump 6 such as a Roots blower driven by a motor 5 is provided above the receiver tank 4 with an air suction pipe 7. So that the horizontal tube 8 extends laterally with respect to the receiver tank 4 and can be expanded and contracted by an expansion / contraction mechanism (not shown) in the axial direction thereof. A vertical pipe 10 is connected via a pipe joint 9 and is connected to a distal end side of the horizontal pipe 8 by a telescopic mechanism (not shown) in the axial direction thereof via a bend pipe 11. At the bottom of 10 A suction nozzle 12 that sucks up the rose B stored in the storage tank 1a is provided, and the rose B sucked into the receiver tank 4 from the suction nozzle 12 through the vertical pipe 10 and the horizontal pipe 8 is supplied to the receiver. A dispenser 13 such as a rotary feeder that is carried out to a conveyor or silo (not shown) while keeping the airtightness inside the tank 4 is configured to be attached to the bottom of the receiver tank 4. Incidentally, in the case of a pneumatic unloader of a model equipped with a traveling mechanism (not shown), it can travel in the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 7).

尚、前記レシーバタンク４内上部には、真空ポンプ６側へバラ物Ｂが吸い込まれることを防止するためのフィルタ１４を設けてある。 A filter 14 is provided at the upper part in the receiver tank 4 to prevent the loose material B from being sucked into the vacuum pump 6 side.

又、前記空気吸引管７の途中には、バラ物Ｂの吸引過剰時に大気を吸入することによってバラ物Ｂの吸引量を低下させるための大気吸入弁１５を設けてある。 Further, an air intake valve 15 is provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 to reduce the suction amount of the rose B by sucking the atmosphere when the rose B is excessively sucked.

前記港湾２に停泊した船舶１の貯槽１ａからバラ物Ｂを払い出す際には、先ず、レシーバタンク４を旋回機構（図示せず）により旋回させて位置決めすると共に、横管８をその軸線方向へ伸縮機構（図示せず）により伸縮させて長さ調節しつつ起伏機構（図示せず）により起伏させ、更に、縦管１０をその軸線方向へ伸縮機構（図示せず）により伸縮させて長さ調節し、吸引ノズル１２を前記船舶１の貯槽１ａ内部のバラ物Ｂの上面付近に配置した状態で、真空ポンプ６をモータ５により駆動すると、レシーバタンク４内部が負圧となり、バラ物Ｂが吸引ノズル１２から縦管１０と横管８とを介して前記レシーバタンク４内部に吸い上げられ、該レシーバタンク４内部に吸い上げられたバラ物Ｂは、ロータリーフィーダ等の払出機１３の作動によりレシーバタンク４内部の気密性を保持しつつ図示していないコンベヤを介してサイロ或いは輸送用のトラック等へ搬出される。因みに、前記走行機構を具備した機種のニューマチックアンローダの場合、前記走行機構による走行と、前記旋回機構による旋回とによってレシーバタンク４の位置決めが行われる。 When the bulk B is paid out from the storage tank 1a of the ship 1 anchored in the harbor 2, first, the receiver tank 4 is swung by a swiveling mechanism (not shown) and positioned, and the horizontal pipe 8 is moved in the axial direction thereof. The length of the vertical tube 10 is raised and lowered by an elongating mechanism (not shown) while the length is adjusted by elongating and contracting by an elongating and elongating mechanism (not shown). When the vacuum pump 6 is driven by the motor 5 in a state where the suction nozzle 12 is arranged near the upper surface of the loose object B inside the storage tank 1a of the ship 1, the inside of the receiver tank 4 becomes negative pressure, and the loose object B Is sucked into the receiver tank 4 from the suction nozzle 12 through the vertical pipe 10 and the horizontal pipe 8, and the rose B sucked into the receiver tank 4 is operated by the dispenser 13 such as a rotary feeder. It is carried out to a truck silo or for transport through the conveyor (not shown) while maintaining a more receiver tank 4 inside the airtightness. Incidentally, in the case of a pneumatic unloader of a model equipped with the traveling mechanism, the receiver tank 4 is positioned by traveling by the traveling mechanism and turning by the turning mechanism.

尚、図７に示されるような構造のニューマチックアンローダと関連する一般的技術水準を示すものとしては、例えば、特許文献１、２がある。 For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 show the general technical level related to the pneumatic unloader having the structure shown in FIG.

特開平６−６４７５８号公報JP-A-6-64758 特開２０１１−１８４１２６号公報JP 2011-184126 A

従来のニューマチックアンローダでは、バラ物Ｂの吸引時に、縦管１０と横管８の内部における閉塞現象を防止する必要がある。 In the conventional pneumatic unloader, it is necessary to prevent the clogging phenomenon inside the vertical tube 10 and the horizontal tube 8 when the loose article B is sucked.

しかしながら、実際にどれだけの流量のバラ物Ｂが吸引されているのかをリアルタイムで監視する手段が従来のニューマチックアンローダには装備されていないため、真空ポンプ６による吸引能力を、常に余裕を持たせて高めに設定しなければならず、その分だけエネルギ（真空ポンプ６のモータ５の駆動電力）を余分に消費しており、改善が望まれていた。 However, since the conventional pneumatic unloader is not equipped with a means for monitoring in real time how much of the rose B is actually sucked, the suction capacity of the vacuum pump 6 is always sufficient. It must be set to a high value, and energy (drive power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6) is excessively consumed correspondingly, and improvement has been desired.

又、バラ物Ｂの吸引過剰時には、前記空気吸引管７の途中に設けられた大気吸入弁１５を開き、大気を吸入することによってバラ物Ｂの吸引量を低下させることも行われる。しかしながら、このような大気吸入によるバラ物Ｂの吸引量低下時にも、真空ポンプ６のモータ５の駆動電力の消費量は低下するわけではなく変化しないため、やはり無駄が生じることとなる。 When the loose object B is excessively sucked, the air suction valve 15 provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 is opened to suck the air, thereby reducing the suction amount of the loose object B. However, even when the amount of suction of the rose B due to the atmospheric suction is reduced, the consumption of the driving power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 does not decrease and does not change.

一方、従来のニューマチックアンローダは消費電力が大きく、特に、連続アンローダ等の機器が並設されているような設備の場合、連続アンローダは運転中、電力調整ができないため、運転時に設備全体での消費電力が予め設定された設定電力（例えば、契約電力）を超えてしまうことがあった。前記設定電力を超えての運用を余儀なくされた場合、当然のことながら電気料金が嵩み、運転コストの増加につながる問題があった。又、前記設定電力の超過を避けるためにニューマチックアンローダの運転を一時休止した場合、荷役時間が延長され、船舶１が約定期間を超過して港湾２に停泊せざるを得なくなり、滞船料が増加してしまうという不具合もあった。 On the other hand, the conventional pneumatic unloader consumes a large amount of power. Especially, in the case of equipment where devices such as continuous unloaders are arranged side by side, the continuous unloader cannot adjust the power during operation. In some cases, power consumption exceeds preset power (for example, contract power). When operation exceeding the set power is forced, there is a problem that the electricity charge increases as a matter of course, leading to an increase in operating cost. In addition, when the operation of the pneumatic unloader is temporarily suspended to avoid exceeding the set power, the cargo handling time is extended, and the ship 1 is forced to berth at the port 2 exceeding the contract period. There was also a problem that would increase.

本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑みてなしたもので、バラ物の過剰な吸引を回避しつつ流量を一定に保持して荷役能力を維持し得、且つ消費エネルギの削減を図ることができ、更に設備全体での消費電力の超過を未然に防止し得るニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and can maintain a cargo handling capacity by maintaining a constant flow rate while avoiding excessive suction of loose objects, and can reduce energy consumption. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power demand control apparatus for a pneumatic unloader that can prevent power consumption in the entire facility from being exceeded.

本発明は、内部にバラ物を導入可能となるよう配設されるレシーバタンクと、
該レシーバタンクに空気吸引管を介して接続され且つ該レシーバタンクの内部を負圧とする真空ポンプと、
前記レシーバタンクに対し横方向へ張り出すよう起伏自在に接続された横管と、
該横管の先端側から垂下するよう接続された縦管と、
該縦管の下端に設けられ且つ貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げる吸引ノズルと、
該吸引ノズルから縦管と横管とを介して前記レシーバタンクの内部に吸い上げられたバラ物を該レシーバタンクの内部の気密性を保持しつつ搬出する払出機と
を備え、前記貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げて払い出すためのニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置であって、
前記縦管の内部を流通するバラ物の流量を計測する流量センサと、
前記真空ポンプを駆動するモータの回転数を制御するインバータと、
前記吸引ノズルにおける空気の吸込量を調整する混合比調整弁と、
前記ニューマチックアンローダが設けられた設備における消費電力を計測する電力計と、
該電力計で計測された消費電力が設定電力を超えないよう電力低下要求指令を出力するデマンドコントローラと、
前記流量センサで計測されたバラ物の流量が予め設定された目標流量となるよう、前記インバータへ制御信号を出力し且つ前記混合比調整弁へ開度調整信号を出力すると共に、前記デマンドコントローラから電力低下要求指令が出力された際、前記インバータへ周波数を低下させる制御信号を出力し且つ前記縦管の閉塞を防止するよう前記混合比調整弁へ開度を大きくする開度調整信号を出力する制御器と
を備え、
前記流量センサは、前記バラ物に対しマイクロ波を投射してそのドップラー反射波を受信することにより、該ドップラー反射波の振幅から前記バラ物の密度ρを求め、前記ドップラー反射波の周波数から前記バラ物の流速ｖを求め、前記バラ物の流量Ｑを（密度ρ×流速ｖ×流路断面積Ａ）で計測するセンサであって、前記縦管の内面で反射するドップラー反射波が受信されない縦管内面反射波非受信機構を備え、
前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構は、前記流量センサの検出波の投射方向が縦管の軸線に対し直角とならないよう前記流量センサが縦管に対し傾斜配置されることにより構成されることを特徴とするニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置にかかるものである。
又、本発明は、内部にバラ物を導入可能となるよう配設されるレシーバタンクと、
該レシーバタンクに空気吸引管を介して接続され且つ該レシーバタンクの内部を負圧とする真空ポンプと、
前記レシーバタンクに対し横方向へ張り出すよう起伏自在に接続された横管と、
該横管の先端側から垂下するよう接続された縦管と、
該縦管の下端に設けられ且つ貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げる吸引ノズルと、
該吸引ノズルから縦管と横管とを介して前記レシーバタンクの内部に吸い上げられたバラ物を該レシーバタンクの内部の気密性を保持しつつ搬出する払出機と
を備え、前記貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げて払い出すためのニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置であって、
前記縦管の内部を流通するバラ物の流量を計測する流量センサと、
前記真空ポンプを駆動するモータの回転数を制御するインバータと、
前記吸引ノズルにおける空気の吸込量を調整する混合比調整弁と、
前記ニューマチックアンローダが設けられた設備における消費電力を計測する電力計と、
該電力計で計測された消費電力が設定電力を超えないよう電力低下要求指令を出力するデマンドコントローラと、
前記流量センサで計測されたバラ物の流量が予め設定された目標流量となるよう、前記インバータへ制御信号を出力し且つ前記混合比調整弁へ開度調整信号を出力すると共に、前記デマンドコントローラから電力低下要求指令が出力された際、前記インバータへ周波数を低下させる制御信号を出力し且つ前記縦管の閉塞を防止するよう前記混合比調整弁へ開度を大きくする開度調整信号を出力する制御器と
を備え、
前記流量センサは、前記バラ物に対しマイクロ波を投射してそのドップラー反射波を受信することにより、該ドップラー反射波の振幅から前記バラ物の密度ρを求め、前記ドップラー反射波の周波数から前記バラ物の流速ｖを求め、前記バラ物の流量Ｑを（密度ρ×流速ｖ×流路断面積Ａ）で計測するセンサであって、前記縦管の内面で反射するドップラー反射波が受信されない縦管内面反射波非受信機構を備え、
前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構は、前記流量センサの検出波の投射方向が縦管の軸線に対し平行で且つ前記バラ物の流通方向に対向するよう前記流量センサが縦管の内部に配設され、該流量センサが前記バラ物の流れを阻害しない絶縁体からなる流線型構造体で覆われることにより構成されることを特徴とするニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置にかかるものである。
更に又、本発明は、内部にバラ物を導入可能となるよう配設されるレシーバタンクと、
該レシーバタンクに空気吸引管を介して接続され且つ該レシーバタンクの内部を負圧とする真空ポンプと、
前記レシーバタンクに対し横方向へ張り出すよう起伏自在に接続された横管と、
該横管の先端側から垂下するよう接続された縦管と、
該縦管の下端に設けられ且つ貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げる吸引ノズルと、
該吸引ノズルから縦管と横管とを介して前記レシーバタンクの内部に吸い上げられたバラ物を該レシーバタンクの内部の気密性を保持しつつ搬出する払出機と
を備え、前記貯槽の内部に貯留されたバラ物を吸い上げて払い出すためのニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置であって、
前記縦管の内部を流通するバラ物の流量を計測する流量センサと、
前記真空ポンプを駆動するモータの回転数を制御するインバータと、
前記吸引ノズルにおける空気の吸込量を調整する混合比調整弁と、
前記ニューマチックアンローダが設けられた設備における消費電力を計測する電力計と、
該電力計で計測された消費電力が設定電力を超えないよう電力低下要求指令を出力するデマンドコントローラと、
前記流量センサで計測されたバラ物の流量が予め設定された目標流量となるよう、前記インバータへ制御信号を出力し且つ前記混合比調整弁へ開度調整信号を出力すると共に、前記デマンドコントローラから電力低下要求指令が出力された際、前記インバータへ周波数を低下させる制御信号を出力し且つ前記縦管の閉塞を防止するよう前記混合比調整弁へ開度を大きくする開度調整信号を出力する制御器と
を備え、
前記流量センサは、前記バラ物に対しマイクロ波を投射してそのドップラー反射波を受信することにより、該ドップラー反射波の振幅から前記バラ物の密度ρを求め、前記ドップラー反射波の周波数から前記バラ物の流速ｖを求め、前記バラ物の流量Ｑを（密度ρ×流速ｖ×流路断面積Ａ）で計測するセンサであって、前記縦管の内面で反射するドップラー反射波が受信されない縦管内面反射波非受信機構を備え、
前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構は、前記流量センサの検出波の投射方向が縦管の軸線に対し直角となるよう前記流量センサが縦管に対し配置され、前記縦管の内面に、前記流量センサから投射される検出波の反射を防ぐ反射防止材が設けられることを特徴とするニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置にかかるものである。 The present invention is a receiver tank arranged so that a rose can be introduced inside,
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. A power demand control device of a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. and a controller,
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is inclined with respect to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is not perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe. The present invention relates to a power requirement control device for a pneumatic unloader that is characterized.
The present invention also includes a receiver tank disposed so as to be able to introduce roses inside,
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser for carrying out loose objects sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through a vertical tube and a horizontal tube while maintaining airtightness in the receiver tank;
A pneumatic unloader power requirement control device for sucking up and discharging the roses stored in the storage tank,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. With controller
With
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-reception mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged inside the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is parallel to the axis of the vertical pipe and faces the flow direction of the roses. The pneumatic unloader power requirement control apparatus is configured by being provided and covered with a streamlined structure made of an insulator that does not obstruct the flow of the bulk material.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a receiver tank disposed so as to be able to introduce a rose inside,
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser for carrying out loose objects sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through a vertical tube and a horizontal tube while maintaining airtightness in the receiver tank;
A pneumatic unloader power requirement control device for sucking up and discharging the roses stored in the storage tank,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. With controller
With
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged with respect to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe, The present invention relates to a power requirement control device for a pneumatic unloader characterized in that an antireflection material for preventing reflection of a detection wave projected from a flow sensor is provided.

本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置によれば、バラ物の過剰な吸引を回避しつつ流量を一定に保持して荷役能力を維持し得、且つ消費エネルギの削減を図ることができ、更に設備全体での消費電力の超過を未然に防止し得るという優れた効果を奏し得る。 According to the power demand control device of the pneumatic unloader of the present invention, it is possible to maintain a cargo handling capacity by keeping the flow rate constant while avoiding excessive suction of loose objects, and to reduce energy consumption. Furthermore, it is possible to achieve an excellent effect that it is possible to prevent the power consumption in the entire facility from being exceeded.

本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例を示す概要構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. 本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における吸引ノズルを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the suction nozzle in the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. 本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における制御ブロック図である。It is a control block diagram in the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. 本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサの設置の第一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. 本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサの設置の第二例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. 本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサの設置の第三例を示す断面図であって、（ａ）は側断面図、（ｂ）は平断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 3rd example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the electric power requirement control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention, (a) is a sectional side view, (b) is a plane sectional view. 従来のニューマチックアンローダの一例を示す概要構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the conventional pneumatic unloader.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面を参照して説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１〜図３は本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例であって、図中、図７と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしており、基本的な構成は図７に示す従来のものと同様であるが、本実施例の特徴とするところは、図１〜図３に示す如く、縦管１０の内部を流通するバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを計測する流量センサ１６と、前記真空ポンプ６を駆動するモータ５の回転数を制御するインバータ１７と、前記吸引ノズル１２における空気の吸込量を調整する混合比調整弁１８と、前記ニューマチックアンローダが設けられた設備における消費電力Ｗを計測する電力計３７と、該電力計３７で計測された消費電力Ｗが設定電力を超えないよう電力低下要求指令Ｄを出力するデマンドコントローラ３９と、前記流量センサ１６で計測されたバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑが予め設定された目標流量Ｑ_０となるよう、前記インバータ１７へ制御信号１７ａを出力し且つ前記混合比調整弁１８へ開度調整信号１８ａを出力すると共に、前記デマンドコントローラ３９から電力低下要求指令Ｄが出力された際、前記インバータ１７へ周波数を低下させる制御信号１７ａを出力し且つ前記縦管１０の閉塞を防止するよう前記混合比調整弁１８へ開度を大きくする開度調整信号１８ａを出力する制御器１９とを備えた点にある。尚、３８は前記設備の主電源であり、該主電源３８から設備の機器へ電気が供給されるようになっている。 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a power demand control apparatus for a pneumatic unloader according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. Although the same as the conventional one shown in FIG. 7, the feature of this embodiment is that the flow rate for measuring the flow rate Q of the rose B flowing through the inside of the vertical tube 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. A sensor 16, an inverter 17 that controls the rotation speed of the motor 5 that drives the vacuum pump 6, a mixing ratio adjustment valve 18 that adjusts the amount of air sucked into the suction nozzle 12, and the pneumatic unloader are provided. A power meter 37 that measures the power consumption W in the facility, a demand controller 39 that outputs a power reduction request command D so that the power consumption W measured by the power meter 37 does not exceed the set power, and the flow rate sensor 16. So that a target flow rate Q ₀ of the flow rate Q is set in advance of measurement by rose product B, and outputs an opening control signal 18a the to inverter 17 a control signal 17a outputs and a to the mixing ratio control valve 18, When a power reduction request command D is output from the demand controller 39, a control signal 17a for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter 17, and the opening to the mixing ratio adjustment valve 18 is prevented so as to prevent the vertical tube 10 from being blocked. And a controller 19 that outputs an opening adjustment signal 18a for increasing the angle. Reference numeral 38 denotes a main power source of the equipment, and electricity is supplied from the main power source 38 to equipment of the equipment.

前記混合比調整弁１８は、図２に示す如く、前記縦管１０の下端に取り付けられる吸引ノズル１２の上部側面に接続されている。前記混合比調整弁１８の開度を大きくすると、導入される空気の流量が増加するため、吸引されるバラ物Ｂの密度を小さくすることができ、又、前記混合比調整弁１８の開度を小さくすると、導入される空気の流量が減少するため、吸引されるバラ物Ｂの密度を大きくすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is connected to the upper side surface of the suction nozzle 12 attached to the lower end of the vertical tube 10. Increasing the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 increases the flow rate of the introduced air, so that the density of the sucked bulk material B can be reduced, and the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is increased. If is reduced, the flow rate of the introduced air is reduced, so that the density of the sucked rose B can be increased.

図３は本実施例における制御ブロック図であり、前記制御器１９には、前記目標流量Ｑ_０と前記流量センサ１６で計測されたバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑとの偏差を０とするための制御信号１７ａを前記インバータ１７へ出力する比例積分調節器２０と、前記目標流量Ｑ_０と前記流量センサ１６で計測されたバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑとの偏差を０とするための開度調整信号１８ａを前記混合比調整弁１８のサーボユニット１８Ｓへ出力する比例積分調節器２１とが内蔵されている。尚、前記混合比調整弁１８の開度を小さくして、吸引されるバラ物Ｂの密度を大きくすれば、吸引効率は増す。しかし、前記バラ物Ｂの密度を大きくし過ぎると、縦管１０の詰りが生じてしまう。即ち、前記混合比調整弁１８の開度を小さくする開度調整信号１８ａを前記混合比調整弁１８のサーボユニット１８Ｓへ比例積分調節器２１から出力しつつ、前記真空ポンプ６を駆動するモータ５の回転数が最低限に抑えられる制御信号１７ａを比例積分調節器２０から前記インバータ１７へ出力するよう予め制御器１９の設定を行うことにより、前記縦管１０の詰りが生じない程度にバラ物Ｂの密度を最大としつつ、モータ５の回転数を下げて、前記バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを目標流量Ｑ_０とすることが省エネルギの観点から好ましい。 Figure 3 is a control block diagram of this embodiment, the controller 19, control to said target flow rate Q ₀ and 0 the deviation between the flow rate Q of the flow rate sensor 16 roses was measured by B a proportional integral adjuster 20 which outputs a signal 17a to the inverter 17, the target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow opening adjustment signal 18a to the deviation between the flow rate Q and 0 rose product B, which is measured by the sensor 16 Is incorporated into the servo unit 18S of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. In addition, if the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is decreased to increase the density of the sucked object B, the suction efficiency is increased. However, if the density of the rose B is increased too much, the vertical tube 10 is clogged. That is, the motor 5 that drives the vacuum pump 6 while outputting the opening adjustment signal 18a for decreasing the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 from the proportional-integral controller 21 to the servo unit 18S of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. By setting the controller 19 in advance so as to output the control signal 17a to the inverter 17 from the proportional-plus-integral controller 20 so that the number of rotations can be suppressed to a minimum, the vertical pipe 10 is not clogged. while the density of B to the maximum, by reducing the rotational speed of the motor 5, the flow rate Q of the rose was B the target flow rate Q ₀ it is preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving.

前記流量センサ１６は、ドップラー効果を応用したマイクロ波によりバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを計測する形式のセンサを用いるようにしてある。尚、前記バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑは（密度ρ×流速ｖ×流路断面積Ａ）で求められるため、前記流量センサ１６の代わりに、バラ物Ｂの密度ρを計測する密度センサ２２及びバラ物Ｂの流速ｖを計測する流速センサ２３（図３参照）を前記縦管１０に設けて、流量Ｑを求めるようにすることも可能である。 The flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the rose B by microwaves using the Doppler effect. Since the flow rate Q of the loose object B is obtained by (density ρ × flow velocity v × channel cross-sectional area A), instead of the flow rate sensor 16, the density sensor 22 for measuring the density ρ of the loose object B and It is also possible to provide the flow rate sensor 23 (see FIG. 3) for measuring the flow rate v of the object B in the vertical pipe 10 to obtain the flow rate Q.

次に、上記実施例の作用を説明する。 Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

ニューマチックアンローダの運転時には、流量センサ１６により縦管１０の内部を流通するバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑが計測されて制御器１９へ入力され、該制御器１９の比例積分調節器２０から、予め設定された目標流量Ｑ_０と前記流量センサ１６で計測されたバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑとの偏差を０とするための制御信号１７ａが前記インバータ１７へ出力されると共に、前記制御器１９の比例積分調節器２１から、予め設定された目標流量Ｑ_０と前記流量センサ１６で計測されたバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑとの偏差を０とするための開度調整信号１８ａが前記混合比調整弁１８のサーボユニット１８Ｓへ出力される。これにより、前記縦管１０の詰りが生じない程度にバラ物Ｂの密度を最大としつつ、モータ５の回転数を下げて、バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを予め設定された目標流量Ｑ_０とすることが可能となる。 During operation of the pneumatic unloader, the flow rate sensor 16 measures the flow rate Q of the loose article B flowing through the inside of the vertical tube 10 and inputs it to the controller 19, which is set in advance from the proportional integral controller 20 of the controller 19. A control signal 17 a for setting the deviation between the target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow rate Q of the loose article B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 to 0 is output to the inverter 17, and the proportional integration of the controller 19 is performed. An opening degree adjustment signal 18 a for setting the deviation between the preset target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow rate Q of the loose object B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 from the adjuster 21 to the mixing ratio adjustment valve 18. It is output to the servo unit 18S. Thus, while the maximum density rose compound B to the extent that does not cause clogging of the vertical pipe 10, by reducing the rotational speed of the motor 5, the target flow rate Q ₀ which has been previously set flow rate Q rose Compound B It becomes possible.

本実施例の場合、実際にどれだけの流量Ｑのバラ物Ｂが吸引されているのかをリアルタイムで監視することが可能となるため、真空ポンプ６による吸引能力を、常に余裕を持たせて高めに設定する必要がなくなり、エネルギ（真空ポンプ６のモータ５の駆動電力）を余分に消費しなくて済む。尚、前記真空ポンプ６のモータ５の動力をＰとし、該モータ５の回転数をＮとすると、
Ｐ∝Ｎ^３
となることから、前記縦管１０の詰りが生じない程度にバラ物Ｂの密度を最大としつつ、モータ５の回転数を下げて、バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを予め設定された目標流量Ｑ_０とすることは、動力Ｐを低減する上できわめて有効となる。 In the case of the present embodiment, since it is possible to monitor in real time how much the flow rate Q of the loose article B is being sucked, the suction capacity of the vacuum pump 6 is always increased with a margin. Therefore, it is not necessary to consume extra energy (drive power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6). If the power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is P and the rotational speed of the motor 5 is N,
P∝N ³
Therefore, the density of the loose article B is maximized to such an extent that the vertical pipe 10 is not clogged, and the number of revolutions of the motor 5 is decreased to set the flow rate Q of the loose article B to a preset target flow rate Q _0. This is extremely effective in reducing the power P.

又、バラ物Ｂの吸引過剰時には、従来のように前記空気吸引管７の途中に設けられた大気吸入弁１５を開き、大気を吸入することによってバラ物Ｂの吸引量を低下させなくても、インバータ１７の周波数制御による真空ポンプ６のモータ５の回転数制御と、混合比調整弁１８の開度調整による吸引ノズル１２における空気の吸込量調整とによって、バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを適正に保持することができるため、真空ポンプ６のモータ５の駆動電力の消費量は低下し、無駄がなくなる。 Further, when the loose object B is excessively sucked, it is not necessary to open the atmospheric suction valve 15 provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 and to reduce the suction amount of the loose object B by sucking the air. The flow rate Q of the rose B is appropriately adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 by frequency control of the inverter 17 and adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle 12 by adjusting the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. Since it can hold | maintain, the consumption of the drive electric power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 falls, and a waste is eliminated.

一方、前記ニューマチックアンローダの運転時には、該ニューマチックアンローダが設けられた設備における消費電力Ｗが電力計３７によって計測され、該電力計３７で計測された消費電力Ｗが設定電力を超えないよう電力低下要求指令Ｄがデマンドコントローラ３９から制御器１９へ出力される。前記電力低下要求指令Ｄがデマンドコントローラ３９から制御器１９へ出力されると、該制御器１９から、前記インバータ１７へ周波数を低下させる制御信号１７ａが出力され且つ前記縦管１０の閉塞を防止するよう前記混合比調整弁１８へ開度を大きくする開度調整信号１８ａが出力される。 On the other hand, during the operation of the pneumatic unloader, the power consumption W in the facility provided with the pneumatic unloader is measured by the wattmeter 37, and the power consumption W measured by the wattmeter 37 does not exceed the set power. A decrease request command D is output from the demand controller 39 to the controller 19. When the power reduction request command D is output from the demand controller 39 to the controller 19, a control signal 17a for decreasing the frequency is output from the controller 19 to the inverter 17, and the vertical tube 10 is prevented from being blocked. An opening adjustment signal 18a for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18.

これにより、前記真空ポンプ６のモータ５の回転数が低下して消費電力Ｗを下げることが可能となる。因みに、前記真空ポンプ６のモータ５の回転数が低下すると、縦管１０内部を流れるバラ物Ｂの流速が落ちるが、同時に前記混合比調整弁１８の開度が大きくされて、吸引ノズル１２へ導入される空気の流量が増加するため、吸引されるバラ物Ｂの密度を小さくすることができ、縦管１０の閉塞が防止されつつ、バラ物Ｂの安定輸送を行うことが可能となる。 As a result, the number of revolutions of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is reduced, and the power consumption W can be reduced. Incidentally, when the rotational speed of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 decreases, the flow velocity of the rose B flowing inside the vertical tube 10 decreases, but at the same time, the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is increased to the suction nozzle 12. Since the flow rate of the air to be introduced increases, the density of the sucked loose article B can be reduced, and the loose article B can be stably transported while the vertical tube 10 is prevented from being blocked.

この結果、消費電力Ｗの大きいニューマチックアンローダと、運転中の電力調整が困難な連続アンローダ等の機器とが並設されているような設備であっても、運転時に設備全体での消費電力Ｗが予め契約された設定電力を超えてしまうことが避けられる。前記設定電力を超えての運用が回避されれば、電気料金が抑えられ、運転コストの削減につながる。又、前記設定電力の超過を避けるためにニューマチックアンローダの運転を一時休止しなくて済み、荷役時間が延長されず、船舶１が約定期間を超過して港湾２に停泊するようなことをなくすことができ、滞船料が増加してしまうことも避けられる。 As a result, even in a facility where a pneumatic unloader having a large power consumption W and a device such as a continuous unloader that is difficult to adjust during operation are arranged in parallel, the power consumption W of the entire facility during operation Can be prevented from exceeding the preset power contracted. If operation exceeding the set power is avoided, the electricity bill is reduced, leading to a reduction in operating costs. Also, it is not necessary to suspend the operation of the pneumatic unloader in order to avoid exceeding the set power, so that the cargo handling time is not extended and the ship 1 is not locked in the port 2 after exceeding the contract period. It is also possible to avoid the increase in berthing charges.

こうして、バラ物Ｂの過剰な吸引を回避しつつ流量を一定に保持して荷役能力を維持し得、且つ消費エネルギの削減を図ることができ、更に設備全体での消費電力Ｗの超過を未然に防止し得る。 In this way, it is possible to maintain the cargo handling capacity by keeping the flow rate constant while avoiding excessive suction of the rose B, and to reduce energy consumption. Can be prevented.

図４は本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサ１６の設置の第一例を示す断面図である。前記流量センサ１６は、前記バラ物Ｂに対し検出波（マイクロ波）を投射してその反射波を受信することにより前記バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを計測するセンサであって、前記縦管１０の内面で反射する反射波が受信されない縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２を備えている。図４に示す第一例において、前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２は、前記流量センサ１６の検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し直角とならないよう前記流量センサ１６が縦管１０に対し傾斜配置されることにより構成されている。 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of installation of the flow sensor 16 in the embodiment of the power demand control device for the pneumatic unloader of the present invention. The flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the loose object B by projecting a detection wave ( microwave ) on the loose object B and receiving the reflected wave thereof. A vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 that does not receive the reflected wave reflected by the inner surface is provided. In the first example shown in FIG. 4, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-reception mechanism 32 is configured so that the flow sensor 16 is connected to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor 16 is not perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe 10. 10 to be inclined.

仮に、前記流量センサ１６の検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し直角となるよう前記流量センサ１６を縦管１０に対し配置した場合、縦管１０の内面で反射する反射波が流量センサ１６によって受信され、誤検出の可能性が高まり、計測精度の低下が懸念される。しかし、図４に示す如く、前記流量センサ１６を縦管１０に対し傾斜配置することで縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２を構成すると、縦管１０の内部を流通するバラ物Ｂに当たって反射する反射波だけが流量センサ１６によって受信され、縦管１０の内面で反射する反射波は流量センサ１６によって受信されないため、誤検出が避けられ、流量センサ１６によるバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを精度良く計測することが可能となる。 If the flow rate sensor 16 is arranged with respect to the vertical tube 10 so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow rate sensor 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical tube 10, the reflected wave reflected from the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 flows. It is received by the sensor 16, and the possibility of erroneous detection is increased, and there is a concern that the measurement accuracy may be reduced. However, as shown in FIG. 4, when the flow sensor 16 is disposed to be inclined with respect to the vertical tube 10 to constitute the vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32, it strikes and reflects the rose B that circulates inside the vertical tube 10. Since only the reflected wave is received by the flow sensor 16 and the reflected wave reflected by the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 is not received by the flow sensor 16, erroneous detection is avoided, and the flow rate Q of the loose object B by the flow sensor 16 is accurately measured. It becomes possible to do.

図５は本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサ１６の設置の第二例を示す断面図である。図５に示す第二例において、前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２は、前記流量センサ１６の検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し直角となるよう前記流量センサ１６が縦管１０に対し配置され、前記縦管１０の内面に、前記流量センサ１６から投射される検出波の反射を防ぐ反射防止材３３が設けられることにより構成されている。前記反射防止材３３は、材料内部の抵抗により電波によって発生する電流を吸収する導電性電波吸収材料、或いは分子の分極反応に起因する誘電損失を利用し、カーボン粉等をゴム、発泡ウレタン、発泡ポリスチロール等の誘電体に混合して見かけ上の誘電損失を大きくした誘電性電波吸収材料を用いることができる。又、前記反射防止材３３は、その表面がガラス又はセラミックス等の保護材３４により覆われている。 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second example of installation of the flow sensor 16 in the embodiment of the power demand control device for the pneumatic unloader of the present invention. In the second example shown in FIG. 5, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 is configured so that the flow sensor 16 is connected to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe 10. The anti-reflection material 33 is disposed on the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 to prevent reflection of the detection wave projected from the flow rate sensor 16. The antireflection material 33 is a conductive wave absorbing material that absorbs current generated by radio waves due to resistance inside the material, or dielectric loss caused by molecular polarization reaction, and carbon powder is made of rubber, urethane foam, foam A dielectric wave absorbing material in which an apparent dielectric loss is increased by mixing with a dielectric material such as polystyrene can be used. The antireflection material 33 has a surface covered with a protective material 34 such as glass or ceramics.

前記流量センサ１６は、その検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し直角となるよう縦管１０に配置されているが、図５に示す如く、前記縦管１０の内面に反射防止材３３を設けることで縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２を構成すると、前記流量センサ１６から投射される検出波は反射防止材３３により縦管１０の内面で反射せず、縦管１０の内部を流通するバラ物Ｂに当たって反射する反射波だけが流量センサ１６によって受信されるため、誤検出が避けられ、流量センサ１６によるバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを精度良く計測することが可能となる。 The flow sensor 16 is disposed on the vertical tube 10 so that the detection wave projection direction is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical tube 10, but as shown in FIG. When the vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 is configured by providing 33, the detection wave projected from the flow rate sensor 16 is not reflected on the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 by the antireflection material 33, and the inside of the vertical tube 10 is not reflected. Since only the reflected wave that hits and reflects the circulating rose B is received by the flow sensor 16, erroneous detection is avoided, and the flow Q of the rose B by the flow sensor 16 can be accurately measured.

図６は本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置の実施例における流量センサの設置の第三例を示す断面図であって、（ａ）は側断面図、（ｂ）は平断面図である。図６（ａ）及び図６（ｂ）に示す第三例において、前記縦管内面反射波非受信機構３２は、前記流量センサ１６の検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し平行で且つ前記バラ物Ｂの流通方向に対向するよう前記流量センサ１６が縦管１０の内部に配設され、該流量センサ１６が前記バラ物Ｂの流れを阻害しない絶縁体からなる流線型構造体３５で覆われることにより構成されている。尚、この場合、前記流量センサ１６は、前記バラ物Ｂに対し検出波としてマイクロ波を投射してその反射波を受信することにより前記バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを計測するセンサとする。又、前記流線型構造体３５は、縦管１０の内面から中心部へ張り出す支持部材３６に取り付けられている。 FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of installation of the flow sensor in the embodiment of the power demand control device of the pneumatic unloader of the present invention, where (a) is a side cross-sectional view and (b) is a plan cross-sectional view. is there. In the third example shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 has the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor 16 parallel to the axis of the vertical tube 10. In addition, the flow sensor 16 is disposed inside the vertical pipe 10 so as to face the flow direction of the loose article B, and the flow sensor 16 is a streamline structure 35 made of an insulator that does not obstruct the flow of the loose article B. It is configured by being covered. In this case, the flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the loose object B by projecting a microwave as a detection wave to the loose object B and receiving the reflected wave. The streamlined structure 35 is attached to a support member 36 that projects from the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 to the center.

前記流量センサ１６は、図６に示す如く、その検出波の投射方向が縦管１０の軸線に対し平行で且つ前記バラ物Ｂの流通方向に対向するよう縦管１０の内部に配設されているため、前記流量センサ１６から投射される検出波は縦管１０の内面で反射せず、縦管１０の内部を流通するバラ物Ｂに当たって反射する反射波だけが流量センサ１６によって受信されるため、誤検出が避けられ、流量センサ１６によるバラ物Ｂの流量Ｑを精度良く計測することが可能となる。しかも、前記流量センサ１６は流線型構造体３５で覆われているため、前記バラ物Ｂの流れを阻害する心配はなく、又、前記流線型構造体３５は絶縁体であるため、前記流量センサ１６から投射される検出波（マイクロ波）を通しやすく、バラ物Ｂの流量Ｑの測定に支障を来たす心配もない。 As shown in FIG. 6, the flow rate sensor 16 is disposed inside the vertical tube 10 so that the detection wave projection direction is parallel to the axis of the vertical tube 10 and faces the flow direction of the rose B. Therefore, the detection wave projected from the flow sensor 16 is not reflected by the inner surface of the vertical tube 10, and only the reflected wave reflected by the rose B flowing through the vertical tube 10 is received by the flow sensor 16. Thus, erroneous detection can be avoided, and the flow rate Q of the loose object B by the flow rate sensor 16 can be accurately measured. Moreover, since the flow rate sensor 16 is covered with the streamlined structure 35, there is no fear of obstructing the flow of the rose B, and the streamlined structure 35 is an insulator. It is easy to pass the detection wave (microwave) to be projected, and there is no worry that the measurement of the flow rate Q of the rose B will be hindered.

尚、本発明のニューマチックアンローダの電力要求制御装置は、上述の実施例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。 It should be noted that the power demand control device for the pneumatic unloader of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

１ａ貯槽
４レシーバタンク
５モータ
６真空ポンプ
７空気吸引管
８横管
１０縦管
１２吸引ノズル
１３払出機
１６流量センサ
１７インバータ
１７ａ制御信号
１８混合比調整弁
１８ａ開度調整信号
１９制御器
３２縦管内面反射波非受信機構
３３反射防止材
３５流線型構造体
３７電力計
３８主電源
３９デマンドコントローラ
Ｂバラ物
Ｄ電力低下要求指令
Ｑ流量
Ｑ_０目標流量
Ｗ消費電力 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Storage tank 4 Receiver tank 5 Motor 6 Vacuum pump 7 Air suction pipe 8 Horizontal pipe 10 Vertical pipe 12 Suction nozzle 13 Dispenser 16 Flow rate sensor 17 Inverter 17a Control signal 18 Mixing ratio adjustment valve 18a Opening adjustment signal 19 Controller 32 In the vertical pipe Surface reflection wave non-receiving mechanism 33 Antireflection material 35 Streamline structure 37 Power meter 38 Main power supply 39 Demand controller B Bulk object D Power reduction request command Q Flow rate Q ₀ Target flow rate W Power consumption

Claims

A receiver tank arranged so that roses can be introduced inside;
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. A power demand control device of a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. and a controller,
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is inclined with respect to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is not perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe. Pneumatic unloader power requirement control device.

A receiver tank arranged so that roses can be introduced inside;
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. A power demand control device of a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. and a controller,
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-reception mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged inside the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is parallel to the axis of the vertical pipe and faces the flow direction of the roses. A pneumatic power demand control device for a pneumatic unloader, wherein the flow rate sensor is covered with a streamlined structure made of an insulator that does not impede the flow of loose objects .

A receiver tank arranged so that roses can be introduced inside;
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. A power demand control device of a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
A flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe;
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A wattmeter for measuring power consumption in a facility provided with the pneumatic unloader;
A demand controller that outputs a power reduction request command so that the power consumption measured by the power meter does not exceed the set power;
A control signal is output to the inverter and an opening degree adjustment signal is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate, and from the demand controller When a power reduction request command is output, a control signal for decreasing the frequency is output to the inverter, and an opening adjustment signal for increasing the opening is output to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so as to prevent the longitudinal tube from being blocked. and a controller,
The flow sensor projects a microwave onto the loose object and receives the Doppler reflected wave, thereby obtaining the density ρ of the rose object from the amplitude of the Doppler reflected wave, and determining the density ρ from the frequency of the Doppler reflected wave. This is a sensor for determining the flow velocity v of a loose object and measuring the flow rate Q of the loose object by (density ρ × flow velocity v × flow channel cross-sectional area A), and doppler reflected waves reflected from the inner surface of the vertical pipe are not received. It has a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism,
The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged with respect to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe, A power requirement control device for a pneumatic unloader, characterized in that an antireflection material for preventing reflection of a detection wave projected from a flow sensor is provided .