JP6373206B2 - Linear brake - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a linear brake used for a guide clamp of a linear guide in a linear motion device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a normal close that performs clamping by a spring force and releases the clamped state by applying an external force against the spring force. It relates to the type of linear brake.

  A wide variety of linear motion machines are widely used for various machine tools and logistics equipment. A linear brake is used in combination with such linear motion equipment, and is widely used for braking and positioning of linear motion equipment, stoppers, and the like. As one of such linear brakes, on both sides of the housing that straddles the linear guide, friction plates are rotatably mounted so as to sandwich the linear guide from both sides, and the friction plates on both sides are connected by leaf springs on the housing side, The friction plate on both sides is rotated and biased in the guide restraint direction by the leaf spring, and the actuator is arranged between the housing and the leaf spring to deform the leaf spring in the counter-bias direction and release the friction plates on both sides. Patent Document 1 proposes forcibly turning in a direction.

  This linear brake is a kind of normally closed type, and is characterized by being small and excellent in economic efficiency. In other words, the friction plates on both sides are separated from the housing and are pivotable, and are urged in the guide restraint direction (clamping direction) by the leaf springs, so that the necessary clamping force is applied by the leaf springs without excess or deficiency. can do. As a result, the operating force of the actuator can be suppressed to the necessary minimum, and the size can be reduced. In addition, the leaf springs that apply clamping force to the friction plates on both sides also serve as a coupling body for the friction plates on both sides, and as a result, the friction plates on both sides can be operated by a single actuator. Thus, an increase in the number of parts can be minimized.

  While this linear brake has various advantages as described above, it has also been found that there are the following problems. FIG. 5 shows an example of the usage state of this linear brake.

  As shown in the figure, this linear brake is used by being connected to a linear motion device including a bearing block 12 of a linear guide 10 by a connecting plate 13 or the like. At this time, in the linear brake, the friction plates 30 on both sides are often displaced to either side with respect to the guide rail 11 due to an attachment error with the linear motion device. When the friction plates 30 on both sides are displaced to either side, there is no backlash between the guide rail 11 of the linear guide 10 and the bearing block 12, and the friction plates 30 on both sides connected by the leaf springs 40 are independent. Since the operation cannot be performed, the friction plates 30 on both sides come into contact with the guide rail 11. As a result, there are problems that uneven wear occurs on the friction plates 30 on both sides, or that the uneven load is applied to the bearing block 12 of the linear guide 10 to cause backlash.

  As shown in the figure, when the linear guide 10 is used vertically and the linear brake is disposed below the bearing block 12, when the linear brake enters the braking state, the linear brake is A moment load is generated in the direction of pressing against the linear guide. Since the required holding force during braking is expressed as the sum of its own weight and moment load, the required holding force during braking increases due to the generation of rotational moment, and the leaf spring that generates the required holding force increases in size. There's a problem.

  Further, when a higher pressure than expected is applied to the actuator when the brake is released, there is also a problem that the deformation of the leaf spring proceeds due to stress concentration.

JP 2013-87943 A

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a linear brake capable of preventing the friction plates on both sides from coming into contact with each other even though the friction plates on both sides are connected by a leaf spring. There is to do. Another object of the present invention is to provide a linear brake that can reduce the required holding force during braking. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a linear brake capable of suppressing excessive deformation of a leaf spring when the brake is released.

In order to achieve the above object, the linear brake of the present invention has a friction plate rotatably attached to both sides of the housing straddling the linear guide so as to sandwich the linear guide from both sides, and the friction plates on both sides are moved by leaf springs on the housing side. At the same time, the friction plate on both sides is urged to rotate in the guide restraint direction by the plate spring, and the plate spring is deformed in the counter-bias direction by the actuator arranged between the housing and the plate spring. In the linear brake that forcibly rotates the plate in the guide release direction, the friction plates on both sides are pivotally supported by the support shafts at both ends, and the shaft hole into which the support shaft is inserted is a long elongated hole on the side, The friction plates on both sides are movable sideways.

  By making the friction plates on both sides connected by the leaf springs movable sideways, even if the linear brake is displaced sideways with respect to the linear guide, the displacement is absorbed. Is prevented.

In order to allow the friction plates on both sides to move sideways, the friction plates on both sides are pivotally supported by the support shafts at both ends, and the shaft hole into which the support shaft is inserted is a long elongated hole on the side. When the support shaft is attached to the friction plate, the shaft hole on the housing side is a long hole, and when the support shaft is attached to the housing, the shaft hole on the friction plate side is a long hole.

  In the linear brake of the present invention, it is preferable that the friction plates on both sides are in contact with the linear guide in a state of being opened in a C shape during braking. By doing so, even if a moment load is generated during braking, the moment load becomes a force for the friction plates on both sides to bite into the linear guide, thereby preventing an increase in the necessary holding force due to the moment load.

  In the linear brake of the present invention, the contact surface of the actuator with the leaf spring may be a curved surface that follows the curvature of the leaf spring when the brake is released. By doing so, the contact surface of the actuator closely contacts the leaf spring when the brake is released, and excessive bending of the leaf spring due to stress concentration is prevented. Further, it is possible to prevent the leaf spring from being displaced laterally when the brake is released.

  Since the linear brake of the present invention adopts a configuration in which the friction plates on both sides that clamp the linear guide are separated from the housing, and both are connected by a leaf spring that applies a biasing force in the clamping direction to the friction plates on both sides. It is small and economical, and it can prevent the friction plates on both sides from colliding with the linear guide, which is a problem in the configuration, and the structure for the prevention is also connected by the rotating structure of the friction plates on both sides and leaf springs. Since the structure is available, it is simple and reasonable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a 4th view of the linear brake which shows one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view, (d) is a bottom view. It is a front view which shows the use condition of the linear brake, (a) (b) shows the alignment function in a clamped state. The clamped state is shown in a side view showing the use state of the linear brake. The front view which shows the use condition of the linear brake is an unclamped state. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the use condition of a linear brake.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

  The linear brake of this embodiment is attached to the linear motion device in order to stop and position the linear motion device that moves along the guide rail of the linear guide at a fixed position on the guide rail. Clamp) and release (unclamp) are normally closed types that clamp the guide rail in a normal state where no external force is applied.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the linear brake includes a housing 20 that straddles the guide rail 11 of the linear guide 10, and a pair of friction plates 30 and 30 that are rotatably attached to both sides of the housing 20. A plate spring 40 for connecting the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides and urging the friction plates 30 and 30 to a clamped state, and a plate spring 40 for putting the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides into an unclamped state. And an actuator 50 for applying an external force.

  The housing 20 is a gate-shaped block as viewed from the front, and includes a pair of front and rear legs 22, 22 projecting downward from one side of the top plate 21 and projecting downward from the other side of the top plate 21. And a pair of front and rear legs 22, 22. The friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides are metal members having a rectangular cross section extending along the guide rail 11, and one friction plate 30 is freely rotatable between a pair of front and rear leg portions 22 and 22 on one side. The other friction plate 30 is rotatably supported between a pair of front and rear leg portions 22 on the other side.

  That is, each friction plate 30 is rotated about a straight line parallel to the guide rail 11 connecting the support shafts 23 and 23 by the support shafts 23 and 23 protruding rearward and forward from the pair of front and rear leg portions 22 and 22. It is supported freely. The front and rear support shafts 23 and 23 are inserted into shaft holes 31 and 31 provided on both end surfaces of the friction plate 30, respectively. The friction plate 30 is movable sideways.

  The leaf springs 40 that connect the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides are disposed along the lower surface of the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20 along the lower surface thereof, and are inserted into the longitudinal center of each friction plate 30 from below. Each friction plate 30 is detachably held and fixed to the lower surface of the side end portion of the leaf spring 40 by a connecting screw 41. The leaf spring 40 connects the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides and is flat when the linear brake is removed from the guide rail 11, so that the opposing friction surfaces of the friction plates 30 and 30 are linear. The parallel state is narrower than the lateral width of the guide 10 (see FIG. 1). In a state where the linear brake is mounted on the guide rail 11, the leaf spring 40 warps in a convex state toward the side opposite to the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20 (on the opposite side of the housing), so that the opposing friction surfaces on both sides are changed. Open in the shape of "C" and press the guide rail from both sides (see Fig. 2).

  The reaction force (restoring force) accompanying the warp of the leaf spring 40 at this time becomes the clamping force of the friction plates 30, 30 against the guide rail 11.

  The actuator 50 includes a disk-shaped piston member 51 disposed between the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20 and the leaf spring 40 on the back side thereof. The piston member 51 is inserted in a circular cylinder hole 24 provided on the back surface of the top plate portion 21 so as to be airtight and movable back and forth. By supplying a high-pressure fluid into the cylinder hole 24 through the fluid pressure pipe 60 connected to one side surface of the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20, the piston member 51 is driven in the advance direction (the leaf spring 40 side), By pressing the leaf spring 40 on its surface, the leaf spring 40 largely warps in a convex state toward the non-housing side. As a result, the opposing friction surfaces of the friction plates 30 and 30 are further tilted outward and moved away from the guide rail 11 to shift to an unclamped state (see FIG. 4).

  The surface of the piston member 51 (the contact surface with the leaf spring 40) has a curved surface with a curvature corresponding to the large curvature of the leaf spring 40 when the leaf spring 40 is pressed to place the friction plates 30, 30 in an unclamped state. Here, it is a spherical surface).

  Next, the usage and function of the linear brake of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIG.

  3 and 5, the linear brake is attached to a linear motion device including the bearing block 12 of the linear guide 10, and straddles the guide rail 11 of the linear guide 10 in this state. In the normal state where no high pressure fluid such as high pressure air is supplied to the cylinder hole 24 formed in the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20 (no external force added), as shown in FIG. Since there is no pressure of 40, the friction plates 30, 30 on both sides clamp the guide rail of the linear brake 10 from both sides by the reaction force (restoring force) of the warp of the leaf spring 40.

  Here, since the shaft holes 31, 31 into which the support shafts 23, 23 of the friction plate 30 are inserted are long holes on the sides, the friction plates 30, 30 connected by the leaf spring 40 move in synchronization with both sides. It is free. For this reason, when the center of the linear brake is displaced from the center of the linear motion device due to the mounting error of the linear brake, when the linear brake is in a clamped state, as shown in FIG. 30 and 30 move to the side so that they hit the guide rail equally from both sides. Specifically, the friction plates 30, 30 on both sides move synchronously in the direction opposite to the direction in which the linear brake is displaced.

  This is nothing but the fact that the friction plates 30, 30 on both sides have a centering function with respect to the lateral displacement of the linear brake. Because of this alignment function, it is possible to avoid a situation where the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides come into contact with the guide rail, and uneven wear of the friction plates 30 and 30 due to the contact and an uneven load applied to the linear guide 10. Is prevented from occurring.

  3 and 5, when the linear guide 10 is used vertically and the linear brake is disposed below the bearing block 12, when the linear brake is in a clamped state, the linear guide 10 is shown in FIG. As described above, a downward rotational moment is generated in the linear brake, and a moment load is generated in the direction in which the linear brake is pressed against the guide rail 11, but the opposing friction surfaces of the friction plates 30 and 30 are opened in a "C" shape. Since the guide rail 11 is clamped, the moment load becomes a force that the friction plates 30, 30 on both sides bite into the guide rail 11. For this reason, the moment load does not increase the necessary holding force during braking. The necessary holding force is limited to its own weight. Therefore, the leaf spring 40 can be reduced in size.

  When a high-pressure fluid such as high-pressure air is supplied to the cylinder hole 24 formed in the top plate portion 21 of the housing 20 through the fluid pressure pipe 60, the piston member 51 fitted into the cylinder hole 24 moves in the advance direction as shown in FIG. And the leaf spring 40 is pressed to the opposite side of the housing. At this time, since the friction plates 30 on both sides are pivotally supported on the housing 20 by the support shafts 23, 23, the leaf spring 40 is further warped toward the non-housing side by the pressing by the piston member 51. As a result, the friction plates 30, 30 on both sides are rotated outward about the support shafts 23, 23, and the opposing friction surface is further enlarged in a “C” shape.

  Thus, the linear brake shifts from the clamped state to the unclamped state.

  Since the surface of the piston member 51 is a curved surface (here, a spherical surface) that follows the curvature of the leaf spring 40 in the unclamped state, the piston member 51 is fitted and adhered to a wide range of the leaf spring 40. As a result, a situation in which the leaf spring 40 is excessively pressed is avoided. Moreover, although the friction plates 30 and 30 on both sides have a side alignment function and the leaf spring 40 may be inadvertently shifted laterally, the surface of the piston member 51 is fitted and adhered to the leaf spring 40. Therefore, inadvertent lateral displacement of the leaf spring 40 is prevented.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Linear guide 11 Guide rail 12 Bearing block 20 Housing 21 Top plate part 22 Leg part 23 Support shaft 24 Cylinder hole 30 Friction plate 31 Shaft hole (long hole)
40 Leaf spring 41 Connection screw 50 Actuator 51 Piston member 60 Fluid pressure piping

Claims (3)

Friction plates are pivotally attached to both sides of the housing across the linear guide so as to sandwich the linear guide from both sides, and the friction plates on both sides are connected by a leaf spring on the housing side, and the friction plates on both sides are guided by the leaf spring. In a linear brake that urges rotation in the restraining direction, deforms the leaf spring in the counter-biasing direction by an actuator disposed between the housing and the leaf spring, and forcibly rotates the friction plates on both sides in the guide release direction.
Pivotally supported by the support shaft at both ends to the sides of the friction plate, by a long elongated hole a shaft hole in which the shaft is inserted laterally and freely moving the both sides of the friction plates to the side Linear brake.   2. The linear brake according to claim 1, wherein the friction plates on both sides abut against the linear guide in a state of being opened in a C shape during braking.   3. The linear brake according to claim 1, wherein a contact surface of the actuator with the leaf spring is a curved surface that follows the curvature of the leaf spring when the brake is released.

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