JP6396149B2 - Operation method of drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a drying facility such as sludge, and in particular, realizes that a hot air furnace to which a fluidized bed combustion furnace using an inexpensive solid fuel such as RDF or RPF is applied is used as a heat source of the dryer, and further stable. those according to the method of operating the drying equipment capable of realizing the operation.

Recently, sludge is dried and reused as fertilizer. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the drying equipment 1 'used for this purpose is a sludge D or the like supplied from a supply hopper 2' to a dryer 5 ', and further heated by a burner 36a'. The dried product P is obtained by supplying hot air of several hundred degrees from 'and contacting with the sludge D to perform drying.
And this inventor invented the method for implement | achieving the stable driving | operation of the said drying equipment, has already acquired the patent right (refer patent document 1), and also dried the paste-like substance (sludge) by drying equipment. Has been invented in a stable and continuous manner, and has already obtained a patent right (see Patent Document 2).

Furthermore, the present applicant uses the fuzzy reasoning having the newly found condition part and conclusion part to ensure that the moisture value of the dried product is stable and to prevent poor sludge dispersion and overdrying. Have been developed and a patent right has already been acquired (see Patent Document 3).
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15, hot air generated by a hot air furnace 3 "heated by a burner 36a" is supplied to a dryer 5 "so as to come into contact with the sludge D. The dried hot air (exhaust gas G) is exhausted from the exhaust port 54 "by the suction action of the circulation fan 71", then reaches the hot air furnace 3 "through the exhaust gas passage 7" and is reheated there. The present invention relates to a drying facility 1 ″ configured to be supplied again into the dryer 5 ″.

By the way, compared with the heavy oil used as the fuel for the burner 36a ″, solid fuel such as RDF or RPF is extremely low in price (1/10 that of heavy oil) even though the calorific value is not extremely small (70% of heavy oil). The following is an example of a hot stove that can use such a solid fuel.
However, when the fluidized bed combustion furnace is applied as the hot air furnace 3 ″, there are the following problems.
Specifically, when the required heat amount of the dryer 5 ″ fluctuates, that is, when the load of the hot stove 3 ″ fluctuates, it is conceivable to adjust the input amount of the solid fuel F such as RDF. Unlike liquid fuel and gaseous fuel, not only does it take time to put it into the hot stove 3 ″, but it also takes time to release the heat due to self-combustion.
If this problem is overcome, more complex control is required when using a fluidized bed combustion furnace as the hot air furnace 3 "in the drying facility 1" than when a burner 3a "is used.

Japanese Patent No. 2981271 Japanese Patent No. 3326502 Japanese Patent No. 5410218

The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and when a hot blast furnace to which a fluidized bed combustion furnace is applied is used as a heat source of a dryer, the load fluctuation of the dryer is suppressed and the amount of exhaust gas is suppressed. and to stabilize the temperature, as a result, by stabilizing the temperature of the hot air furnace, technical problems to develop drying operation with reduced running costs, the operating method of the novel drying equipment which can perform stably It is what.

That is, the operation method of the drying facility according to claim 1 is such that the dryer is connected to a hot blast furnace in which a fluidized bed combustion furnace is applied to a hot blast inlet, with a supply hopper facing the inlet. A drying conveyor in which an exhaust gas flow path is provided between the dryer and the hot stove so that the discharge conveyor faces the discharge port and the exhaust gas of the dryer can be used as the flowing air of the hot stove In the operation method of the equipment, the temperature of the dried product and the temperature change of the dried product, the dryer hot air temperature, the stirring blade current value, the dryer outlet hot air temperature, the opening of the exhaust damper provided in the exhaust gas flow path, By performing fuzzy inference with one or more of the workpiece inputs as the condition part and the hot air temperature set value at the outlet of the dryer and / or the workpiece input amount into the dryer as the conclusion part , Dryer and hot stove load changes And it performs a fuzzy control to reduce the set each object to be processed input amount to a conclusion part drier outlet temperature of hot air setpoint and dryer singleton for each condition part, Singleton and membership Using the fitness obtained from the function, non-fuzzification is performed by obtaining a weighted average value, and in accordance with the numerical value obtained by this defuzzification, to the dryer outlet hot air temperature set value and / or to the dryer The amount of the workpiece to be processed is changed .

The claim 2 drying equipment operating method of the described, prior addition to Kiyo matter, in addition to the fuzzy control, the PID control with respect to the dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value, the automatic fuel input of the hot air furnace It is characterized by performing control for adjustment.
The above problems can be solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims as a means.

The first According to the invention of claim 1, wherein, in a hot air oven drying equipment can be used an inexpensive solid fuel, a drying operation with reduced running costs, it is possible to perform stably.
In addition, by adopting more condition parts, even when the conclusion parts corresponding to any two condition parts are in conflict, the conclusion parts corresponding to a plurality of condition parts are considered, The entire drying facility can be controlled appropriately and in a well-balanced manner.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the operation of the entire drying facility can be stabilized by using the fuzzy control of the dryer and the PID control of the hot stove.
Specifically, when the required amount of heat of the dryer fluctuates, that is, when the load of the hot stove fluctuates, when the solid fuel input amount is adjusted by PID control, the solid fuel is different from the liquid fuel in the hot stove. In addition to the time required for charging the fuel, it takes time for the heat generated by self-combustion to be released, resulting in an excessive supply of solid fuel. However, by fuzzy control of the dryer to stabilize the amount of evaporation from the workpiece in the dryer, the PID control of the hot stove can be made reasonable and the amount of heat generated by the solid fuel is prevented from becoming excessive. can do.

It is a skeleton figure showing drying equipment. It is the front view and side view which show a dryer. It is a side view which shows the hot stove to which the fluidized bed combustion furnace was applied. It is a graph which shows the membership function of dry goods temperature. It is a graph which shows the membership function of dry goods temperature change. It is a graph which shows the membership function of dryer inlet hot air temperature. It is a graph which shows the membership function of a stirring blade electric current value. It is a graph which shows the membership function of dryer exit hot air temperature. It is a graph which shows the membership function of the opening degree of the exhaust damper provided in the exhaust gas flow path. It is a graph which shows the membership function of the to-be-processed material input amount to a dryer. It is a table | surface which shows the rule of the fuzzy reasoning in this invention. It is the table | surface which shows the singleton for every conclusion part, and the table which shows the conclusion part of fuzzy reasoning, and the defuzzified conclusion part. It is a skeleton figure showing drying equipment to which a conduction heat transfer dryer was applied as a dryer. It is a skeleton figure showing drying equipment to which a burner was applied as a heat source of a dryer. It is a skeleton figure showing the drying equipment shown in patent documents 3.

Although the best mode of drying equipment operating method of the present invention is as shown in the examples below, it is also possible to add appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention to this example .

Below based on the drawings to describe an example of Drying equipment, it will be described a method of operating a drying apparatus of the present invention in conjunction with the operation state of the equipment.
FIG. 1 schematically shows a drying facility 1, which has a supply hopper 2 facing a dryer 51 and a hot air furnace 3 connected to a hot air inlet 53 of a dryer 5. Further, the take-out conveyor 6 faces the discharge port 52.
In addition, the hot air furnace 3 is a fluidized bed combustion furnace, and the exhaust gas G discharged from the dryer 5 can be used as fluid air between the dryer 5 and the hot air furnace 3. An exhaust gas passage 7 is provided in the interior.
Further, although not shown, the drying facility 1 includes a control unit for controlling the dryer 5 and the hot stove 3.

Hereinafter, various members constituting the drying facility 1 will be described in detail.
First, the supply hopper 2 will be described. This is provided with a screw conveyor 2a driven by an inverter motor M2 at the bottom of a box-shaped container, and the object to be dried such as sludge D accommodated in the container is screw conveyor 2a. An appropriate amount is discharged according to the rotation speed of the (inverter motor M2).

Next, the hot air furnace 3 will be described. This is a thing to which a fluidized bed combustion furnace is applied as shown in FIG. 3, and the solid fuel F is self-combusted while flowing together with the fluidized sand S in the fluidizing chamber 31. This generates hot air.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 as an example, the hot stove 3 has a hollow tower-like overall shape, and is connected to a fluid chamber 31 that is a substantial combustion space and above and below the fluid chamber 31. Main components are an exhaust chamber 32, a fluidized air blowing chamber 33, a pan plate 34 that partitions the fluidized chamber 31 and the fluidized air blowing chamber 33, and a charging device 35 for supplying the solid fuel F into the fluidized chamber 31. It is made up of.
An air supply port 33 a is formed in the fluid air blowing chamber 33, and an exhaust port 32 a and an input port 32 b are formed in the exhaust chamber 32.
Further, a water spray nozzle 37 directed downward is provided in an upper portion of the flow chamber 31 in the exhaust chamber 32.
Furthermore, a start furnace 36 is connected to the air supply port 33a, and the start furnace 36 is provided with a start burner 36a.
An air supply damper 41 is provided in the hot air flow path 4 connecting the exhaust port 32 a and the hot air blowing port 53 in the dryer 5.
Moreover, the hot air flow path 4 is branched so as to connect the exhaust port 32a and a heat exchanger 78 described later, and this branch path is referred to as a hot air flow path 4B. The hot air channel 4B is provided with a valve 43.

The hot stove 3 configured in this way forms a fluidized bed of fluidized sand S above the pan plate 34 in the fluidizing chamber 31 by hot air supplied from the air supply port 33a. By supplying the solid fuel F from 32b, the solid fuel F is sent into the fluidized bed, where it is self-combusted to generate hot air, and this hot air is discharged from the exhaust port 32a to the outside. is there.
The charging device 35 is provided with a screw conveyor 35a driven by an inverter motor M3 at the bottom of a box-shaped container, and the solid fuel F stored in the container corresponds to the rotational speed of the screw conveyor 35a (inverter motor M3). Appropriate amount.

Next, the dryer 5 will be described. As an example, a rotary drum dryer is applied to the dryer 5, and four support rollers 57 are arranged with respect to the base B as shown in FIG. A cylindrical drum 50 is placed on the support roller 57 and provided.
A chain 59 is wound around the drum 50 and the output shaft of the motor M51, and the drum 50 is rotated by the motor M51. Further, both ends of the drum 50 are closed with the boundary portions sealed by the lid members 50a and 50b.
A shaft 55a provided so as to pass through the vicinity of the center of the drum 50 is rotationally driven by a motor M52, and a stirring blade 55 is provided on the shaft 55a.

  Next, the take-out conveyor 6 will be described. This is provided with a screw conveyor driven by an inverter motor M6 at the bottom of the U-shaped trough. ) Are discharged sequentially by the rotation of).

In the exhaust gas flow path 7, a dust collector 72 and an exhaust damper 73 are provided between the exhaust port 54 and the circulation fan 71.
The exhaust damper 73 is, for example, a device for opening and closing a blade plate by rotation of a control motor to increase or decrease or close the flow rate of the passing gas, and such a configuration is another damper shown in the present specification. The same applies to.
A circulation fan 71 and a flow blower 79 connected to the starter furnace 36 are branched into two paths, and an outside air intake path 77 provided with an outside air valve 77a is connected to one of the branch paths. Thus, the connecting portion is a mixing portion 77b of the exhaust gas G and the outside air. Further, a flow rate adjusting valve 77c is provided between the branch start point of the exhaust gas passage 7 and the mixing portion 77b.
The exhaust gas flow path 7B, which is the other branching path, is provided with a heat exchanger 78 and a flow rate adjusting valve 78a, which are examples of the temperature raising means for the exhaust gas G.
Furthermore, an exhaust gas passage 7B2 is provided from the exhaust gas passage 7B toward the hot stove 3, and a flow rate adjusting valve 78b is provided in the middle of the exhaust gas passage 7B2.
The exhaust gas passage 7 and the exhaust gas passage 7B merge downstream of the mixing portion 77b, and a flow rate adjusting valve 79a is provided between the joining portion 77d and the flow blower 79. Incidentally, in this embodiment, the flow meter 79b is provided between the flow blower 79 and the starter furnace 36, and the control for adjusting the opening degree of the outside air valve 77a based on the measured value of the flow meter 79b is performed.
The junction portion 77d may be located upstream of the mixing portion 77b.

Here, sensors provided in the drying facility 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, an ammeter 56 is connected to the motor M52 in the dryer 5.
Further, in the vicinity of the exhaust port 54 in the dryer 5, this is arranged so that the probe of the temperature sensor 54a is located inside.
Further, the probe of the temperature sensor 42 is arranged between the air supply damper 41 in the hot air flow path 4 and the hot air blow-in port 53 in the dryer 5 so as to be located inside thereof.
Further, this is arranged so that the probe of the dry product temperature sensor 60 is located inside the U-shaped trough of the take-out conveyor 6.
The ammeter 56, the temperature sensor 54a, the temperature sensor 42, the dry product temperature sensor 60, the exhaust damper 73 signal line, and the inverter motor M2 signal line are connected to a fuzzy control circuit (fuzzy control device) in the control unit. .

Further, a temperature sensor 38 is installed so that the probe is located inside the flow chamber 31 or the exhaust chamber 32 in the hot stove 3.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor 74 is provided so that the probe faces the pipe line connecting the exhaust port 54 and the dust collector 72 in the exhaust gas passage 7.
These temperature sensor 38, pressure sensor 74, and temperature sensor 54a are connected to a PID control circuit (PID control device) in the control unit.
Then, using the detection value of the temperature sensor 38, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 77c, the flow rate adjusting valve 78a, and the flow rate adjusting valve 78b is PID controlled.
The flow rate adjustment valve 78b may be a manual damper that does not depend on the PID control. Alternatively, instead of the flow rate adjusting valve 78b, a blower 7E shown in FIG. 13, which will be described later, can be driven by an inverter using the PID control.
The temperature sensor 38 also controls the supply amount of the fuel oil supplied from the auxiliary combustion burner 39 into the fluid sand S layer and combusted in order to increase the temperature of the fluid sand S layer in the fluid chamber 31 in an auxiliary manner. Used.
Further, the opening degree of the supply damper 41 is PID controlled using the detection value of the pressure sensor 74.
Further, the inverter motor M3 in the charging device 35 is PID controlled using the detected value of the temperature sensor 54a.

The drying facility 1 of the present invention has the above-described configuration as an example. The operating state of this facility will be described below, and the operation method of the drying facility of the present invention will be described.
First, the operation mode at the start-up of the drying facility 1 will be described. First, the circulation fan 71 and the flow blower 79 are started, the drum 50 and the shaft 55a are rotated, and the start burner 36a is further ignited.
In the hot air furnace 3, the fluidized sand S is introduced into the fluidized chamber 31, and the fluidized sand S and the hot air supplied from the starter furnace 36 to the fluidized air blowing chamber 33 are disposed above the eye plate 34. A fluidized bed is formed. When solid fuel F (RDF or the like) is supplied into the fluid chamber 31 by the charging device 35, the solid fuel F is heated in the fluidized bed and self-combusts.
Hot air (for example, 650 ° C.) generated by the combustion of the solid fuel F is supplied to the dryer 5 from the exhaust port 32 a through the hot air flow path 4 through the exhaust chamber 32. A part of the hot air is sent to the heat exchanger 78 through the hot air flow path 4B according to the opening degree of the valve 43.

  Further, in the dryer 5, the sludge D accommodated in the container of the supply hopper 2 is charged into the charging port 51, and this sludge D is crushed by the rotation of the drum 50 and the action of the stirring blade 55 in the dryer 5. While being stirred, it is contacted with hot air supplied from the hot stove 3 to be dried, and eventually becomes a dried product P which is sequentially discharged from the discharge port 52 to the take-out conveyor 6.

And the hot air which dried the sludge D is discharged | emitted as exhaust gas G from the exhaust port 54 by the attraction | suction effect | action of the circulation fan 71, Then, a granular material is removed by the dust collector 72. FIG.
Next, the exhaust gas G is diverted in the subsequent stage of the circulation fan 71 according to the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 77c, the flow rate adjusting valve 78a, and the flow rate adjusting valve 78b.
At this time, the exhaust gas G (200 ° C.) sent to the heat exchanger 78 is heated (450 ° C.) by the heat of the hot air (650 ° C.) sent from the hot stove 3.
On the other hand, outside air corresponding to the opening degree of the outside air valve 77a is mixed in the exhaust gas G sent to the mixing unit 77b.
Then, the heated exhaust gas G and the exhaust gas G mixed with outside air are mixed again at the junction 77d and passed through the flow rate adjusting valve 79a and the flow blower 79 in the starter furnace 36 as necessary. After being reheated, it is supplied to the fluid wind blowing chamber 33.

Thus, by mixing outside air into the exhaust gas G, it is possible to secure the amount of fluidized air for forming the fluidized bed in the hot stove 3.
In addition, although oxygen concentration rises by taking in external air with respect to the exhaust gas G, the self-combustion of the solid fuel F may occur excessively, but in the drying facility 1, the exhaust gas G is caused by the heat exchanger 78. Since the temperature rise is performed, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of condensation and to send the exhaust gas G into the fluid chamber 31 in a high humidity state, thereby preventing excessive self-combustion.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted in figure, the hot air supplied to the temperature rise in the heat exchanger 78 is dust-collected, combusted, oxidized, and after performing a deodorizing process, it is exhausted outside. Of course, this hot air is one in which the exhaust gas G is heated in the hot air furnace 3, so that combustion and oxidation at this stage may be omitted.

Thereafter, the sludge D is charged, dried, and the dried product P is discharged continuously in a steady operation state, and is adjusted by the above-described PID control to obtain a dried product P having a desired moisture value. is there.
Further, if the combustion of the solid fuel F in the fluid chamber 31 becomes excessive, the temperature easily rises to 850 ° C. or higher, and even a metal part or the like may be melted. Therefore, the degree of self-combustion of the solid fuel F is controlled, and the discharge speed of the charging device 35 (frequency of the inverter motor M3) is adjusted by PID control with respect to the “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value”. Then, the control for automatically adjusting the amount of the solid fuel F introduced into the hot stove 3 is performed so that the detected value by the temperature sensor 54a approaches the “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value”.
Further, the opening degree of the air supply damper 41 is adjusted by PID control with respect to the “dryer outlet hot air pressure set value”, and the detected value by the pressure sensor 74 approaches the “dryer outlet hot air pressure set value”. Control for automatically adjusting the amount of hot air supplied to the dryer 5 is performed.
Further, the opening degree of the outside air valve 77a is adjusted by PID control for the detected value of the flow meter 79b, and in addition, the flow rate adjusting valve 77c, the flow rate adjusting valve 78a, and the flow rate adjusting valve 78b are controlled by PID control for the detected value of the temperature sensor 38. Since the opening degree is adjusted, control is performed to automatically adjust the oxygen concentration of the mixture of the outside air and the exhaust gas G to 10% or less while maintaining the air volume for maintaining the flow state in the flow chamber 31. This also prevents excessive self-combustion of the solid fuel F in the fluid chamber 31.
Such control is based on the fact that the temperature measurement value by the temperature sensor 38 and the oxygen concentration of the mixture of the outside air and the exhaust gas G separately measured in advance have a correlation. It is the control that is made.
Of course, an oxygen sensor may be provided separately from the temperature sensor 38, and the oxygen concentration of the mixture of the outside air and the exhaust gas G may be controlled based on the measured value of the oxygen sensor.

In the drying facility 1, as described above, when the required heat amount of the dryer 5 fluctuates, that is, when the load of the hot stove 3 fluctuates, this is detected from the detected value of the temperature sensor 54 a and discharged from the charging device 35. A measure for adjusting the amount of the solid fuel F input is made by adjusting the amount.
At this time, unlike the liquid fuel, the solid fuel F not only takes time to be put into the hot stove 3 but also inevitably takes time until the heat due to self-combustion is released.
Therefore, in the present invention, “dry product temperature”, “dry product temperature change”, “dryer inlet hot air temperature”, “stirring blade current value”, “dryer outlet hot air temperature”, “(exhaust gas flow path) One or more of “the opening degree of the exhaust damper” and “the amount of work to be processed (to the dryer)” provided as a condition part, and “the set value of the hot air temperature at the outlet of the dryer” and / or “ Fuzzy control is performed in which the “processed material input amount (to the dryer)” is a conclusion part.
Hereinafter, the fuzzy inference will be described in detail.

(1) In the case where the conclusion part is “the input amount of the workpiece into the dryer” (i) Creation of the membership function First, “dry product temperature” (T3), which is a condition part of fuzzy inference “Dry product temperature change” (DT), “Dryer inlet hot air temperature” (T1), “Agitator blade current value” (DA), “Dryer outlet hot air temperature” (T2), “(provided in exhaust gas flow path) 4) FIG. 4 to FIG. 4 show the membership functions for the language variables and the attributes of the respective items for each of the opening degree of the exhaust damper (D1) and the input amount of the workpiece (to the dryer) (F1). It is determined as shown in FIG.
The number of language variables (labels) of such attributes and membership functions for these language variables are determined based on empirical rules. The types of sludge D and solid fuel F, their physical properties, the scale of the system, Tuning is appropriately performed depending on the configuration and the like.
Here, the “dry product temperature” (T3) and “dry product temperature change” (DT) correspond to the temperatures measured by the dry product temperature sensor 60.
The “dryer inlet hot air temperature” (T 1) corresponds to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 42.
Furthermore, the “stirring blade current value” (DA) corresponds to the current value measured by the ammeter 56.
Furthermore, the “dryer outlet hot air temperature” (T2) corresponds to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 54a.
Furthermore, “the opening degree of the exhaust damper (provided in the exhaust gas flow path)” (D1) corresponds to the damper opening degree measured by a device that monitors and controls the damper opening degree of the exhaust damper 73. It is.
Furthermore, the “processed material input amount (to the dryer)” (F1) corresponds to the number of rotations, that is, the frequency measured by a device that monitors and further controls the rotation of the inverter motor M3.

(Ii) Derivation of attribute and fitness The fitness for each attribute is derived using the membership function.
Specifically, for example, when the measured value of “dryer inlet hot air temperature” (T1) is 664.0 ° C., the attribute is ZR and the fitness is 1.0 from the membership function graph shown in FIG. Is read.
Similarly, when the measured value of the “dryer outlet hot air temperature” (T2) is 154.0 ° C., it is read from the membership function graph shown in FIG. 8 that the attribute is ZR and the fitness is 1.0. .
Further, when the measured value of “opening degree of exhaust damper (provided in exhaust gas flow path)” (D1) is 42.0%, the membership function graph shown in FIG. It is read as 1.0.
Further, when the measured value of “stirring blade current value” (DA) is 13.7 A, from the membership function graph shown in FIG. 7, the fitness of NL is 0.3 and the fitness of ZR is 0. .7.
In addition, when the measured value of “Dry product temperature change” (DT) is 0.6 ° C., the membership function graph shown in FIG. It is read as 0.1.
Further, in this embodiment, the drive frequency of the inverter motor M2 is set as a workpiece input amount (to the dryer), and the measured value of “the workpiece input amount (to the dryer)” (F1) is 22.6 Hz. In this case, it is read from the membership function graph shown in FIG. 10 that the attribute is ZR and the fitness is 1.0.
When the measured value of “Dry product temperature” (T3) is 96.0 ° C., it is read from the membership function graph shown in FIG. 4 that the attribute is PL and the fitness is 1.0.

(Iii) Conclusion part Next, fuzzy inference for determining a conclusion part for the language variable of the condition part is performed, and is performed according to the rule shown in FIG. 11 as an example. Here, the case where “the amount of workpiece to be processed (to the dryer) is input” will be described first, and “the dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value (RST)” will be described later.
First, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of the “dryer inlet hot air temperature” (T1) with the fitness> 0 is ZR.
Similarly, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of the “dryer outlet hot air temperature” (T2) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
Further, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “exhaust damper opening degree (provided in the exhaust gas flow path)” (D1) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
In addition, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute NL of the “stirring blade current value” (DA) where the fitness is> 0 is PS, and the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR is ZR.
In addition, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “dry product temperature change” (DT) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR, and the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute PL is PS.
In addition, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “the input amount of the object to be processed (to the dryer)” (F1) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
Further, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute PL of “dry product temperature” (T3) where the fitness is> 0 is PL.

(Iv) Non-fuzzification And when actually controlling the drying equipment 1 using the result of the fuzzy inference, using the singleton and the fitness obtained from the membership function for each condition part, Non-fuzzification is performed by obtaining a weighted average value.
Further, according to the numerical value obtained by this defuzzification, the conclusion part “the amount of work to be processed (to the dryer)” is changed.
Here, the singleton in the case where the conclusion part is “the input amount of the workpiece (to the dryer)” is set as shown in FIG. 12A as an example, and the drive frequency of the inverter motor M2 is Adjustment is set for each language variable.

  Then, a weighted average value is obtained by using the singleton and the fitness obtained from the membership function for each condition part. In this embodiment, according to the result obtained by the following equation [1] Then, control is performed so that the drive frequency of the inverter motor M2 is +0.9 Hz.

[Formula 1]

Weighted average value = (1.0 × 0 + 1.0 × 0 + 1.0 × 0 + 0.3 × (+2.5) + 0.7 × 0 + 0.9 × 0 + 0.1 × (+2.5) + 1.0 × 0 + 1. 0 x (+5.0) /
(1.0 + 1.0 + 1.0 + 0.3 + 0.7 + 0.9 + 0.1 + 1.0 + 1.0)
= + 0.85 ≒ + 0.9 [Hz]

(2) Case where Conclusion Part is “Dryer Exit Hot Air Temperature Setting Value (RST)” Next, a case where the conclusion part is “Dryer Exit Hot Air Temperature Setting Value (RST)” will be described.
(I) Membership function The membership function used here is also determined as shown in FIGS. 4 to 10 in the same manner as in the case where the above-mentioned “input amount of material to be treated” is concluded. Is adopted.

(Ii) Derivation of attributes and suitability The suitability for each attribute is derived using the membership function, and the conclusion part is defined as “the amount of work input to the dryer”. It is the same as the case where

(Iii) Conclusion part Next, fuzzy inference for determining a conclusion part for the language variable of the condition part is performed, and is performed according to the rule shown in FIG. 11 as an example.
First, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of the “dryer inlet hot air temperature” (T1) with the fitness> 0 is ZR.
Similarly, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of the “dryer outlet hot air temperature” (T2) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
Further, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “exhaust damper opening degree (provided in the exhaust gas flow path)” (D1) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
Further, the conclusion part ZR corresponding to the attribute NL of the “stirring blade current value” (DA) with the fitness degree> 0 is set, and the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR is ZR.
Further, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “dry product temperature change” (DT) where the fitness> 0 is ZR, and the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute PL is ZR.
In addition, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute ZR of “the input amount of the object to be processed (to the dryer)” (F1) where the fitness is> 0 is ZR.
In addition, the conclusion part corresponding to the attribute PL of “dry product temperature” (T3) where the fitness is> 0 is NL.

(Iv) Non-fuzzification And when actually controlling the drying equipment 1 using the result of the fuzzy inference, using the singleton and the fitness obtained from the membership function for each condition part, Non-fuzzification is performed by obtaining a weighted average value.
Furthermore, according to the numerical value obtained by this defuzzification, the “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value (RST)” which is a conclusion part is changed.
Here, the singleton when the conclusion part is “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value (RST)” is set as shown in FIG. 12B as an example, and is a value detected by the temperature sensor 54a. However, the adjustment of the “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value (RST)” when the PID control is performed so as to be the setting value is set for each language variable.

  Then, a weighted average value is obtained using the singleton and the fitness obtained from the membership function for each condition part. In this embodiment, according to the result obtained by the following equation [2] Then, control is performed so that the “dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value (RST)” is −0.7 ° C.

[Formula 2]

Weighted average value = (1.0 × 0 + 1.0 × 0 + 1.0 × 0 + 0.3 × 0 + 0.7 × 0 + 0.9 × 0 + 0.1 × 0 + 1.0 × 0 + 1.0 × (−5.0) /
(1.0 + 1.0 + 1.0 + 0.3 + 0.7 + 0.9 + 0.1 + 1.0 + 1.0)
= -0.714 ≒ -0.7 [° C]

As described above, according to the present invention, an inexpensive solid fuel F can be used in the hot stove 2 of the drying facility 1, and a drying operation with reduced running cost can be stably performed.
Further, by using the fuzzy control of the dryer 5 and the PID control of the hot stove 3 together, the operation of the entire drying facility 1 can be stabilized. Specifically, when the required heat quantity of the dryer 5 fluctuates, that is, when the load of the hot stove 3 fluctuates, the solid fuel F is different from the liquid fuel when the amount of the solid fuel F is adjusted by PID control. Thus, not only does it take time to put it into the hot stove 3, but it also takes time until the heat generated by self-combustion is released, so the supply amount of the solid fuel F becomes excessive. It will be. However, by fuzzy controlling the dryer 5 to stabilize the amount of evaporation from the object to be processed in the dryer 5, the amount of heat generated by the solid fuel F becomes excessive, making PID control of the hot stove 3 unreasonable. Can be prevented. Furthermore, an inexpensive solid fuel F can be used in the hot stove 3 of the drying facility 1, and a drying operation with reduced running cost can be stably performed.

[Other Examples]
The present invention is based on the above-described embodiment. However, based on the technical idea of the present invention, for example, the following embodiments can be adopted.
Specifically, in the basic example described above, a hot drum is used as the dryer 5 and a rotary drum dryer in which the hot air and the object to be dried are in direct contact is applied. It is also possible to employ a conduction heat transfer dryer as the dryer 5 as shown in FIG. As such a conduction heat transfer type dryer, for example, an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-207613, which is a patent application by the present applicant, is applicable.
When such a configuration is adopted, the conduction heat dryer (dryer 5) is supplied with steam as a heat source for drying, and a carrier gas for transporting moisture evaporated from the object to be processed to the outside. As mentioned above, the structure which supplies the hot air produced | generated by the hot-air oven 3 to the dryer 5 is taken.
Further, moisture is removed from the carrier gas discharged from the dryer 5 by a condenser, the temperature is appropriately raised, and after the outside air is mixed, it can be used as a flowing air in the hot stove 3. is there.
Further, in the conduction heat transfer dryer (dryer 5), the current value of the motor for rotating the member that performs the indirect heating while stirring the sludge is supplied with the steam as the heat source is an ammeter 56. Measured by.
Further, the drying equipment 1 shown in FIG. 13 has a configuration in which the exhaust gas G passing through the heat exchanger 78 is directly supplied to the hot stove 3 through the exhaust gas passage 7C branched from the exhaust gas passage 7B. It is taken. The exhaust gas passage 7C is provided with an outside air intake passage 7D and a blower 7E.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying equipment 2 Supply hopper 2a Screw conveyor 3 Hot air furnace 31 Flow chamber 32 Exhaust chamber 32a Exhaust port 32b Input port 33 Fluid air blowing chamber 33a Air supply port 34 Pan plate 35 Input device 35a Screw conveyor 36 Start furnace 36a Start burner 37 Water spray nozzle 38 Temperature sensor 39 Auxiliary burner 4 Hot air flow path 4B Hot air flow path 41 Air supply damper 42 Temperature sensor 43 Valve 5 Dryer 50 Drum 50a Lid member 50b Lid member 51 Input port 52 Discharge port 53 Hot air blowing port 54 Exhaust port 54a Temperature sensor 55 Stirring blade 55a Shaft 56 Ammeter 57 Support roller 59 Chain 6 Take-out conveyor 60 Dry product temperature sensor 7 Exhaust gas flow path 7B Exhaust gas flow path 7B2 Exhaust gas flow path 7C Exhaust gas flow path 7D Outside air intake path 7E Blower 71 Circulating fan 72 Dust collector 73 Exhaust damper 74 Pressure sensor 77 Outside air intake path 77a Outside air valve 77b Mixing section 77c Flow rate adjusting valve 77d Merged portion 78 Heat exchanger 78a Flow rate adjusting valve 78b Flow rate adjusting valve 79 Flow blower 79a Flow rate adjusting valve 79b Flow meter B Base D Dludge F Solid fuel G Exhaust gas M2 Inverter motor M3 Inverter motor M51 Motor M52 Motor M6 Inverter motor P Dry product S Fluid sand

Claims (2)

The dryer is connected to a supply hopper at the inlet, a hot air furnace to which a fluidized bed combustion furnace is applied is connected to the hot air inlet, a take-out conveyor is faced to the outlet, and the dryer In the operation method of the drying equipment in which the exhaust gas flow path is provided between the dryer and the hot stove so that the exhaust gas can be used as the flowing air of the hot stove,
Dry product temperature and dry product temperature change, dryer inlet hot air temperature, stirring blade current value, dryer outlet hot air temperature, opening of exhaust damper installed in exhaust gas flow path, and amount of workpiece input to dryer Any one or more of them as a condition part,
By performing fuzzy inference with the hot air temperature setting value at the outlet of the dryer and / or the amount of work input to the dryer as the conclusion part,
Fuzzy control to reduce the load fluctuation of the dryer and hot stove ,
A singleton is set for each of the conclusion part, the hot air temperature setting value of the dryer outlet and the input amount of the material to be processed into the dryer,
For each condition part, using the singleton and the fitness obtained from the membership function, defuzzification is performed by obtaining a weighted average value,
A method for operating a drying facility, wherein the set value of the hot air temperature at the outlet of the dryer and / or the input amount of the material to be processed into the dryer is changed in accordance with the numerical value obtained by the defuzzification .
In addition to the fuzzy control, the PID control with respect to the dryer outlet hot air temperature setting value, according to claim 1 and drying installation method operation, wherein the performing control for automatically adjusting the fuel input of the hot air furnace .

Images