JP6401144B2 - Wood smoke treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a soot treatment for insect repellent processing of wood.

  Conventionally, smoking treatment of wood has been performed for the purpose of insect control. Considering the safety required for building wood, a method that does not use chemicals is preferable, and it is known that smoke treatment is an effective means.

  The effect of smoke has been well known since ancient times. For example, in the Gokayama gassho-made house in Nanto City, Toyama Prefecture, smoke rising from the hearth soaks into the 2nd and 3rd floor frames and bamboo, and the surface glows black. Each of the frameworks has supported the house for decades and hundreds. The present invention utilizes this insect repellent effect.

  Patent Document 1 describes wood that has been treated with smoke to add ant-proofing performance and antiseptic performance. Patent Document 2 describes an antiseptic / anticidal treatment method in which wood is subjected to a smoke drying treatment and then immersed in a mixed solution of a wood protective agent mainly composed of iron, wood vinegar, and wood tar. ing. Patent Document 3 describes a method for preserving and preventing ant processing by injecting a chemical solution after smoking the wood.

JP 2001-71305 A JP 2005-324524 A JP 2006-334913 A

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to reshape the wood after the smoke treatment. This is because the wood is deformed because the wood is also dried in the smoke treatment process. As a result, the smoke treated portion applied to the surface is removed in the molding process after the smoke treatment, and it is inevitable that the effect of the smoke treatment is reduced.

  Further, in the inventions described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, it is necessary to immerse in a mixed solution of a wood protective agent mainly composed of iron, wood vinegar, and wood tar or to inject a chemical after the smoke treatment. For this reason, there are many steps, a lot of time and effort are required, a dedicated device is required, and the cost burden on the liquid mixture or chemical solution is also large.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problem of making a state where it can be used as it is without requiring a molding process or the like after the soot treatment, and further only the soot treatment process, and the like, such as the mixed solution and the chemical solution. Therefore, the ant / preservative treatment is performed at a low cost without the need for this step.

The soot treatment device of the present invention is
Wood can be placed inside, a smoke treatment chamber that can be sealed ,
A smoke generator disposed outside the soot processing chamber and generating smoke by incomplete combustion of the fuel ;
Wherein the one side of smoking treatment chamber Connect the smoke generator, smoke generated by the smoke generator, a first pipe leading to the smoking treatment chamber while heat radiation,
A second pipe connected to the upper surface of the soot treatment chamber and exhausting the air inside the soot treatment chamber;
A fan that is arranged at the upper part of the inner side surface of the soot processing chamber and moves the air inside the soot processing chamber toward the opposite side surface;
The smoke is disposed at a position facing the fan inside the smoke treatment chamber, and the smoke inside the smoke treatment chamber is circulated by changing the moving direction of the air moved by the fan downward. Board material,
Have
A wood smoke treatment apparatus, wherein the wood disposed in the smoke treatment chamber is smoked by adjusting the amount of combustion in the smoke generating section so that the temperature in the smoke treatment chamber is 50 ° C. or lower.
In addition, the method of smoke treatment of the wood of the present invention,
Supplying and filling smoke generated by incomplete combustion of fuel into a sealed soot processing chamber with wood inside,
While maintaining the temperature in the smoke processing chamber at 50 ° C. or lower,
While circulating the smoke in the smoke processing chamber,
Smoke wood for 2-4 days in the smoke treatment chamber,
Is.

  When wood is placed in an environment exceeding 50 ° C. and the temperature is maintained, moisture in the wood evaporates. It is known that the deformation of the wood is caused by the evaporation, and various drying methods are taken so as to make the deformation as small as possible. In addition, when drying wood, sufficient drying is not possible unless it is performed at a temperature exceeding 50 ° C., or excessive time is required, which is not practical. However, in the present invention, the wood is dried in advance, and the generated deformation is corrected by a molding process, and only the smoke treatment is performed on the wood after the desired shape is obtained and the drying treatment is completed. In the soot treatment, the temperature of the soot treatment chamber is kept at 50 ° C. or lower to prevent further drying of the wood and to prevent deformation of the wood, so that no additional molding process is required after the soot treatment. It becomes possible to use it for construction or the like while maintaining the smoke treatment applied to the surface of the wood.

The soot treatment device of the present invention is
Outside the smoking treatment chamber, wherein the smoke generator is disposed independently, a heat generator for heating the air,
The one side surface of the soot processing chamber is connected to the heat generating unit, and the air heated by the heat generating unit, which is shorter than the first pipe, is guided to the soot processing chamber. the smoke treated in the higher temperature setting than I different, a third pipe for allowing the drying of wood in the smoking treatment chamber,
An open / close door disposed on one side surface of the smoke processing chamber facing the one side surface;
May be further provided.
In addition, the method of drying and smoke treatment of the wood of the present invention supplies heated air to the smoke treatment chamber and maintains the temperature in the smoke treatment chamber at 60 ° C. to 80 ° C., Wood is dried in the soot treatment chamber for 8 to 10 days, the dried wood is taken out from the soot treatment chamber and surface-treated, the surface-treated wood is placed in the soot treatment chamber, and the wood is treated with smoke To execute the method.

  The smoke treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a heat generation unit different from the smoke generation unit, sends heat generated in the heat generation unit to the smoke treatment chamber, and a temperature different from that when performing the smoke treatment. It is also possible to use the smoke processing chamber for drying wood. As a result, there is no need to prepare a separate device for drying wood, which leads to a reduction in installation location and cost.

  According to the present invention, by performing smoke treatment on the wood that has been molded after drying, the effect of the smoke treatment is not lost by performing the molding process after the smoke treatment. It is possible to exhibit a sufficient antiseptic and ant-proof effect without using it.

It is the perspective view which showed the whole external appearance of the soot processing apparatus of this invention. It is a side view of the state which opened the door of the apparatus. It is the perspective view which showed the timber carrying state of the same apparatus. It is a front view of the same apparatus. It is a photograph showing the test result of the wood processed with this device.

Example 1
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described as examples with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall appearance of an embodiment of a soot processing apparatus according to the present invention. The smoke processing chamber 10 has a sealable structure, and in this embodiment, a container is modified. The smoke processing chamber 10 is preferably provided with a heat insulating material in order to make it less susceptible to the influence of outdoor temperature. A door 11 having a large opening is provided on one surface of the smoke treatment chamber 10, and the door 11 is opened to carry in and out the wood 100 to be smoke treated. Carrying in / out of the wood 100 is performed using a carriage 12. The carriage 12 includes a frame 13 on which wood is placed and a wheel 14 disposed at the lower part, and the wheel is configured to be movable on a rail (not shown) that communicates with the outside from the floor surface of the smoke treatment chamber.

  As a procedure, the door 11 of the smoke processing chamber 10 is opened, and the cart 12 is pulled out of the smoke processing chamber 10. On the frame 14 of the cart 12, the wood 100 that performs the smoke treatment is disposed. At this time, leave a necessary gap so that smoke passes between the woods. If the wood is as shown in the figure, it can be placed manually, but if it is a large wood, the cart 12 is exposed to the outside so that the wood can be placed using a forklift. Is possible.

  Next, the carriage 12 on which the wood 100 is disposed is returned to the soot processing chamber 10, the door 11 is closed, and the soot processing chamber 10 is sealed. Thereafter, smoke is sent from the smoke generation unit 20 to the soot processing chamber 10.

  In the present embodiment, the smoke generation unit 20 generates wood waste and kana waste generated at a sawmill or the like by burning. A large amount of wood and plank waste is put into the smoke generator 20 and ignited, but a large amount of smoke is generated by reducing the amount of air required for combustion and incomplete combustion. The smoke moves in the pipe 21 and moves to the smoke processing chamber 10. The combustion heat generated in the smoke generation unit 20 is released into the atmosphere because the pipe 21 has a sufficient length, and is not transmitted to the smoke treatment chamber, so that the temperature rise in the smoke treatment chamber can be suppressed. It is. As a precaution, the temperature inside the soot processing chamber 10 is confirmed by a thermometer (not shown) grounded in the soot processing chamber 10, but the temperature exceeds 50 ° C. even if the inventor has conducted many verification tests. There was no. However, if the temperature rises too much, the temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of combustion of the smoke generating unit 20.

  In this example, the smoke treatment of the cedar wood that had been dried according to Example 2 described later was performed. Moreover, you may use the wood which the drying process completed by methods other than the soot processing apparatus of this invention. The wood 100 processed into a predetermined size is placed in the soot processing chamber, the smoke from the smoke generating unit 20 is filled in the soot processing chamber 10, and the soot processing is performed for 2 to 4 days. Stirring is performed by the electric fan 50 so that smoke is uniformly applied to each of the woods 100. Each of the electric fans is rotated by a motor 51 to move the air filled with smoke in the processing chamber in one direction. However, the electric fan is moved downward by a plate 15 disposed above the inside of the smoke processing chamber 10, and further It moves laterally by a plate 16 disposed below the inside of the smoke treatment chamber 10. By the electric fan 50, the plate 15 disposed above and the plate 16 disposed below, the smoke becomes a constant smoke concentration while circulating in the smoke treatment chamber 10, thereby causing unevenness in the smoke treatment. To prevent that.

  If smoke continues to be sent into the smoke processing chamber 10, the smoke will eventually overflow. Therefore, excess smoke is discharged from the pipe 22 arranged in the upper part. A blower 61 is disposed in the middle of the pipe 22 so that smoke can be forcibly discharged or may be discharged naturally. The tip of the pipe 22 arranged at the upper part is arranged in the smoke exhausting tank 60 arranged on the smoke processing chamber 10. Water is stored in the flue gas layer 60, and the flue gas is absorbed by the water as it passes through the water. Therefore, the flue gas is not discharged outdoors, and is configured in consideration of the environment.

  The wood that has been subjected to the smoke treatment is appropriately colored to improve the appearance quality, so that not only the surface of the wood but also the inside is preserved and preserved. The verification test of the ant-proof effect is described below.

(Verification test)
The results of the insect repellent effect test of smoke treatment with this device are shown below. This test was commissioned to the living environment symbiosis field of the Kyoto University Institute for Life Sphere. The purpose is to verify the termite resistance of the specimen by laboratory tests. The test material is about 40 years old cedar cut by the inventor from Iwase Forest in Himi City, Toyama Prefecture in October 2013. The size of the test body is 20 × 20 × 10 mm. There are three types of test specimens, and A is a sample that does not perform smoke treatment. B is smoked with this device for 2 days. C was smoked with this device for 4 days and was used together with a control material prepared by the university.

  As a test method, the termite resistance test was conducted according to JIS K 1571-2010 “Wood preservatives-Performance criteria and test methods” using the termites that are housed indoors in the living environment symbiosis field of the Institute for Living Areas of Kyoto University. It was. Place a plastic mesh in the center of an acrylic cylindrical container (inner diameter: 80mm, height: 60mm) that has been hardened with anhydrite on the bottom. I set it. Termite ants were collected from an indoor breeding colony and 150 craft ants and 15 soldier ants were put into the container. This was placed in a container spread with moistened absorbent cotton and stored at 28 ° C. in the dark.

  After 3 weeks, the specimen was taken out, and the mass decrease was calculated from the mass change of the specimen before and after the test (see FIG. 5). At the same time, the mortality of the test insects was also measured. The number of tests is five. Table 1 summarizes the test results.

(Test results)
The average mass loss and the average mass reduction rate of the cedar sapwood used as the control material were 242.0 mg and 18.1%, respectively. The standard for establishing the test defined by the JIS standard is an average mass reduction rate of 15% or more, and it is judged that there was no problem with the activity of the termites used in this test. Specimen A suffered severe damage from cedar sapwood and had no termite resistance at all. On the other hand, the average mass loss and the average mass reduction rate of specimens B and C were 68.8 mg and 49.8 mg, and 5.0% and 3.5%, respectively, and the termite resistance was remarkably increased as compared with specimen A. In particular, in the test body C, the food damage decreased to a level close to the performance standard as a wood preservative in the JIS standard of 3% or less in mass reduction rate. Since the mortality rate of ants after 3 weeks is less than 50% in specimens B and C, the improvement in termite resistance in these specimens is not due to termite killing but is due to repellent action The test result that it was possible to guess that it was a thing was obtained.

(Example 2)
Below, the case where a drying process is performed using the smoke processing apparatus of this invention is demonstrated. The method of arranging the wood 100 in the smoke processing chamber 10 is the same as that in the first embodiment and will not be described. However, the wood 100 is shrunk and deformed by the drying process. Therefore, it is processed in advance as a material larger than the size required for the product, considering the amount of shrinkage and deformation.

  In the drying process, the smoke generator 20 is not used. Unlike the case where smoke is generated in the smoke generation unit 20 by introducing a combustion material such as wood chips or kana scrap into the heat generation unit 30, complete combustion is performed so that sufficient oxygen is supplied. The heat generated by this combustion becomes hot air and is sent into the smoke processing chamber 10. The piping 23 is arranged so as to be short, and the heat release in the piping is also small.

  The hot air sent into the smoke processing chamber is circulated by the electric fan 50 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is equally applied to all the wood 100. As a result of the inventor's repeated verification tests, it was found that the internal temperature of the smoke treatment chamber 10 was maintained at 60 ° C to 80 ° C. Hold in this state for 8-10 days. Thereby, the dryness of the wood 100 can be set to a predetermined value.

  The wood 100 that has been dried is once removed from the smoke processing chamber 10 and subjected to surface processing again in order to correct shrinkage and deformation due to drying. In order to smoke-process the finished wood, the smoke treatment is performed according to the contents of Example 1.

10 Smoke treatment room,
11 Door,
12 carts,
13 frames,
14 wheels,
15, 16 current plate,
20 Smoke generator,
21, 22, 23 piping,
30 heat generating part,
50 electric fan,
60 Smoke treatment tank,
61 Blower,
100 wood

Claims (4)

Wood can be placed inside, a smoke treatment chamber that can be sealed ,
A smoke generator disposed outside the soot processing chamber and generating smoke by incomplete combustion of the fuel ;
Wherein the one side of smoking treatment chamber Connect the smoke generator, smoke generated by the smoke generator, a first pipe leading to the smoking treatment chamber while heat radiation,
A second pipe connected to the upper surface of the soot treatment chamber and exhausting the air inside the soot treatment chamber;
A fan that is arranged at the upper part of the inner side surface of the soot processing chamber and moves the air inside the soot processing chamber toward the opposite side surface;
The smoke is disposed at a position facing the fan inside the smoke treatment chamber, and the smoke inside the smoke treatment chamber is circulated by changing the moving direction of the air moved by the fan downward. Board material,
Have
Smoking treatment apparatus of the wood, which comprises smoking treatment the smoking process was placed in a room wood the temperature in the smoking treatment chamber by adjusting the combustion amount of the smoke generator as 50 ° C. or less. Outside the smoking treatment chamber, wherein the smoke generator is disposed independently, a heat generator for heating the air,
The one side surface of the soot processing chamber is connected to the heat generating unit, and the air heated by the heat generating unit, which is shorter than the first pipe, is guided to the soot processing chamber. the smoke treated with a higher temperature setting is different, a third pipe for allowing the drying of wood in the smoking treatment chamber,
An open / close door disposed on one side surface of the smoke processing chamber facing the one side surface;
The smoke processing apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising: Supplying and filling smoke generated by incomplete combustion of fuel into a sealed soot processing chamber with wood inside,
While maintaining the temperature in the smoke processing chamber at 50 ° C. or lower,
While circulating the smoke in the smoke processing chamber,
Smoke wood for 2-4 days in the smoke treatment chamber,
How to smoke wood. Supply heated air to the smoke processing chamber,
While maintaining the temperature in the smoke treatment chamber at 60 ° C. to 80 ° C., the wood is dried in the smoke treatment chamber for 8 to 10 days,
Remove the dried wood from the smoke processing chamber and surface-treat it,
Place the surface-treated wood in the smoke processing chamber,
A method for smoke treatment of wood according to claim 3 is performed.
A method for drying and smoke treatment of wood.