JP6416511B2 - Vibration drying method and vertical vibration dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a treatment method for obtaining a product from a liquid-containing raw material through a filtration step and a drying step using a vertical vibration dryer in which a filter medium is disposed on the upper side in a processing container, and a vertical vibration dryer used for the method. About. Here, the case where the form of the product is granular (hereinafter referred to as “powder”) is mainly taken as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to the case of a short fiber.

  In order to obtain a powdered product from a liquid-containing raw material such as a slurry, the filtration step and the drying step are usually performed by separate devices.

  However, when performed in a separate apparatus, contamination (contamination) due to contamination / contamination of impurities (foreign matter) and oxidation deterioration due to contact with air are likely to occur during the transition from the filtration step to the drying step.

  Furthermore, when a hazardous substance is contained in the slurry, problems of working environment and air pollution are likely to occur, and equipment and facilities for preventing them are required.

  In order to solve these problems, Patent Literature 1 proposes a filtration and drying apparatus having the following configuration (see claim 1 and the like).

  “A filtration and drying apparatus equipped with a temperature adjusting means for filtering and separating solids in a slurry and drying them, and a barrel portion having upper and lower end surfaces as opening surfaces, and upper and lower opening surfaces of the barrel portions. A filter medium arranged so as to cover each other and separating solids in the slurry by filtration, a slurry supply port and a dry solid discharge port on the barrel, and an upper opening surface of the barrel are detachably covered. An upper lid, and a lower lid that is detachably placed on the lower opening surface of the body portion, and the upper lid and the lower lid each discharge a filtrate that has passed through the filter medium, and a nozzle that is used for supplying and exhausting a drying gas. And a vibration generating means that vibrates the combination of the body portion, the filter medium, and the upper lid and the lower lid. ”

  However, since the filtration and drying apparatus sucks both sides of the upper and lower filter media, it is considered that a pressure difference between both sides of the upper and lower filter media is unlikely to occur. That is, the pressure difference is easily canceled between the upper and lower filter media and the pressure difference is easily offset. For this reason, it is difficult to obtain a high filtration rate.

  In addition, since the filter cake (cake) deposited on the lower filter medium is not dropped by filtration, the filter cake on the lower filter medium is not easily crushed (particularly, particles have adhesiveness and have high solidification strength). In the case of cake), it is difficult to obtain good crushing and drying efficiency by vibration.

  Furthermore, it is necessary to set the lower end of the product outlet higher than the position of the upper surface of the lower filter medium, and there is a step between the upper surface of the lower filter medium and the lower end of the product outlet, and it is difficult to discharge a beautiful product. For this reason, when various raw materials are to be processed in batches, product contamination (contamination) tends to occur when the raw materials are changed.

  Further, when the heating point of view such as the drying efficiency is increased in the drying process, the product is likely to be deteriorated by heating. At this time, it is conceivable that the inside of the processing container is reduced in pressure (vacuum), but the energy efficiency is not good because it is performed by another apparatus.

  This was not desirable when the product wanted to avoid chemical contamination and alteration as much as possible.

  Although not affecting the novelty and inventive step of the present invention, a filter dryer having the following configuration is proposed in Patent Document 2 as an apparatus that can perform filtration and drying with a single dryer (patent claim). Range, see FIGS. 1 and 2).

  “To a cylindrical main body having a stirring blade inside, a filter medium is attached inside the peripheral wall, and the main body supports the filter medium so that it can be rotated between a position above and a position below. A filtration dryer configured to filter the slurry in a state where the filter medium is below and to dry in a state where the filter medium is above. "

  In this device, the processing container (cylindrical main body) is not bowl-shaped, and the cake formed on the filter medium is dried by jacket heating, but the crushing at that time is performed by a stirring blade. Is.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-80011 Japanese Patent Publication No.52-17898

  The present invention provides a vibration drying method and vertical vibration drying with a novel configuration that can efficiently produce filter cake and crush / vibration drying treatment by filtration of the liquid-containing raw material in the treatment container and are less likely to cause contamination or alteration of the product. The purpose is to provide a machine.

The vibration drying method according to the present invention includes:
A vibration drying method for obtaining a product from a liquid-containing raw material through a filtration step and a drying step using a vertical vibration dryer in which a filter medium is arranged on the upper side in a processing container,
A filtration step of depositing filter cake on the filter medium by differential pressure filtration after injecting the liquid-containing raw material from the raw material inlet formed on the bottom side by inverting the processing container, and
It said processing vessel as a upright state by reversed again, drying of the filter cake, the oscillation drying process by dropping the drying section of the bottom side of the processing vessel,
Only including,
Performing the filtration step while vibrating the processing vessel continuously or intermittently;
One or more filter medium or filter cake washing operations are inserted during the filtration step .

Moreover, the vertical vibration dryer according to the present invention comprises:
A vertical vibration drier used to produce a liquid-containing raw material (object to be processed) as a product through a filtration step and a drying step in one processing container,
A processing vessel supported by a support spring body, a vibration means for vibrating the processing vessel, a drying means for vibration drying, a reversing means for reversing the processing container, and a differential pressure filtering means,
A spring seat that can be attached to and detached from the support spring body is formed outside the bottom surface of the processing container,
The reversing means includes a pair of reversing shafts projecting outward from both sides of the processing container, a bearing member that supports the reversing shaft so as to be detachable, and a lifting member that lifts and lowers the processing container. ,
The differential pressure filtering means includes a plate-shaped filter medium disposed on the upper side in the processing container, and differential pressure generating means for generating a differential pressure in the gravitational direction in both side spaces of the filter medium when the processing container is inverted. Configured,
It is characterized by that.

It is a flowchart at the time of drying of the main body of an example of the vertical vibration dryer (VU type) according to the present invention (the main body is a schematic front half sectional view). It is a 2-2 arrow directional view of the vertical vibration dryer in FIG. It is a 3-3 line part omission arrow view similarly of a vertical vibration dryer. It is a flow figure at the time of filtration of a main part of a vertical vibration drier (VU type) similarly (a main part is a schematic front half sectional view).

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, up and down (bottom surface and ceiling) are based on the upright position (upright state) unless otherwise specified (reference to FIG. 1).

  The vertical vibration dryer D of the present embodiment is premised on using the liquid-containing raw material (object to be processed) as a product through a filtration process and a drying process in one processing container.

  The vertical vibration dryer D includes a processing container 11 supported by an elastic support 14 at the time of vibration, vibration means for vibrating the processing container 11, drying means for vibration drying, and elasticity for supporting the processing container at the time of vibration. A support 14, a reversing means for floating the processing container 11 from the elastic support 14 and inverting it, and a differential pressure filtering means are provided.

  The elastic support 14 is composed of four support springs 14 a disposed at the four corners of the gantry 17. In the illustrated example, the support spring 14a is a rubber spring, but may be a compression coil spring, a leaf spring, or the like.

  The processing container 11 includes a cylindrical main body portion 21 and an end plate-like lid portion 23.

  The lid portion 23 can be opened and closed and sealed with respect to the main body portion 21. In the example shown in the drawing, the lid 23 is opened and closed by a hinged bolt and tightened with a bolt, but may be a screw fitting type and is optional.

  And the surrounding surface of the main-body part 21 and the cover part 23 is covered with jacket 25A, 25B. The jackets 25A and 25B serve as a heating means that is an element of the drying means. The outer peripheral surfaces of the jackets 25A and 25B are covered with a heat insulating material 26.

  A hose connection (not shown) is provided between the main body jacket 25A and the lid jacket 25B on the hinge H side. Heat medium outlets 28A and 28B are formed on the bottom surface side of the main body jacket 25A and the lid neck portion 23a side of the lid jacket 25B, respectively. When the heat medium is steam, the heat medium is inserted from the heat medium inlet / outlet 28B on the lid jacket 25B side, and is discharged from the heat medium inlet / outlet 28A on the main body jacket 25A side. When the heat medium is a liquid such as oil or warm water, the heat medium is introduced from the heat medium inlet / outlet 28A of the main body jacket 25A and taken out from the heat medium inlet / outlet 28B on the lid part jacket 25B side.

  The heating means may be other heating means, which can be used alone or in combination. Examples of other heating means include resistance heating, microwave heating, induction heating, and the like.

  Furthermore, a raised portion 25a constituting the inner wall of the jacket 25A is provided on the bottom side of the main body jacket 25A, and a donut-shaped drying processing portion 27 is formed around the raised portion 25a. With this configuration, the object to be processed is heated not only from the bottom part and the peripheral part, but also from the central part, thereby improving the efficiency of the drying process.

  An open / close nozzle (raw material input / product discharge) 29 is formed at the lowest position on the bottom side of the doughnut-shaped drying processing unit 27. It becomes easy to discharge the granular product after the drying treatment. Here, the open / close valve 30 of the open / close nozzle 29 is formed as a ball valve in the illustrated example, but is not limited to the ball valve, and a conventional open / close valve can be used as long as the inside of the processing container can be pressurized or depressurized. Good.

  Note that a resistance temperature detector 31 for controlling the temperature of the heating medium is mounted at a position different from the formation part of the opening / closing nozzle 29 on the bottom side of the drying processing unit 27.

  A suction nozzle 33 is formed at the end of the neck 23a formed at the center of the ceiling surface of the lid 23, and can be switched to the filtrate recovery line L1 or the steam recovery line L2 (see FIG. 4). .

  The filtrate collection line L1 includes a filtrate receiving tank 34 connected to the suction nozzle 33 during the filtration step, and a vacuum pump 35A connected to the upper side of the filtrate receiving tank 34. The vapor recovery line L2 includes a condenser (condenser) 37 in the drying process, a condensate receiving tank 38 connected to the outlet side of the condenser 37, and a vacuum pump connected to the ceiling side of the condensate receiving tank 38. 35B.

  Here, spring receiving seats 19 </ b> A and 19 </ b> B that can be attached to and detached from the elastic support 14 are formed on the outside of the bottom surface and the outside of the ceiling surface of the processing container 11. That is, four seat bosses 19a that can be attached to and detached from (fitted to and detached from) the four support springs 14a arranged at the four corners of the base 17 are formed on the surface of the receiving plate 19b (FIG. 2). 3). If the processing container is not vibrated during the filtration / cleaning process, the spring seat 19B is not required on the outer ceiling surface. Then, the elastic support 14 and the spring seat 19A (or 19B) are attached / detached by raising or lowering the processing container 11 with an elevating member described later provided in the reversing means.

  In this embodiment, the vibration means is carried by two vibration motors 47 that are attached to the front and rear of the processing container via a motor seat 41 so as to be able to impart a semi-elliptical vibration obliquely upward. The vibration means is not limited to a vibration motor, and may be another conventional vibration means. The vibration form may be either (elliptical) circular motion type or linear motion type. Examples of other conventional excitation means include a mechanical oscillator (forcibly rotating an unbalanced weight with a motor), an electromagnetic oscillator, and the like.

  The reversing means includes a pair of reversing shafts 45, 45 projecting outward from both sides of the processing container 11, bearing members 47, 47 supporting the reversing shafts 45, 45, and the processing container 11. And an elevating member to be configured.

  Here, the bearing members 47 and 47 are connected to the tip ends of the piston rods 49a and 49a of the cylinders 49 and 49 arranged on the gantry, and also serve as lifting members.

  The reversing shafts 45 and 45 are driven and rotated to rotate the processing container 11 180 degrees (reverse / re-reverse). The driving rotation may be performed manually or automatically.

  The differential pressure filtering means includes a plate-shaped filter medium 51 arranged on the upper side in the processing container, and a gas transporter (blower or vacuum pump) that generates a differential pressure in the space on both sides of the filter medium 51 in an inverted state of the processing container 11. And is configured. In the illustrated example, the processing container 11 is sandwiched and mounted between flange portions 21 b and 23 b formed on the opposing peripheral portions of the main body portion 21 and the lid portion 23.

  Here, as the filter medium 51, although it changes with kinds of to-be-processed object, what combined the cloth, the nonwoven fabric (felt), the wire mesh, the glass fiber, the ceramic, the sintered metal, etc. individually or suitably can be used. Among these, in order to reversely drop the filter cake deposited on the upper surface of the filter medium, a filter medium with good filter cake separation is desirable.

  In the present embodiment, the differential pressure is applied to another gas transporter (not shown) in the air feed nozzle 22 formed in the main body portion 21 of the processing container and the suction nozzle 33 formed in the lid portion 23 of the processing container. ) Is connected to generate a differential pressure. When the differential pressure required for filtration is small, only one may be used. Although the pressure varies depending on the type of the liquid-containing raw material, the differential pressure is usually 0.1 to 1 MPa.

  Next, the vibration drying method of the present invention using the above vertical vibration dryer will be described.

  The suction nozzle 33 of the vertical vibrator is connected to the filtrate recovery line L1 or the steam recovery line L2 in a switchable manner. In the case of inverting the processing container during the transition between the following steps, the suction nozzle 33 is normally closed with an on-off valve, and the suction nozzle 33 and the filtrate recovery line L1 or the steam recovery line L2 are Disconnect the connection. Further, when the processing container 11 is small, a long hose capable of reversing the processing container 11 is connected to the suction nozzle 33, and the reversal and re-inversion are performed while being connected to each line L1 or L2. May be. In that case, a vertical tube of T-shaped piping may be connected to the tip of the hose, and a switching valve may be arranged at the branching portion.

  Similarly, the connection between the heat medium inlet / outlet 28A and 28B and the heat medium supply line or the heat medium discharge line is also disconnected, but when the heat medium inlet / outlet is provided at the center of the reversing shaft via a rotary joint, It is not necessary to disconnect the medium outlets 28A and 28B from the heat medium supply line or the heat medium discharge line.

(1) Filtration step (Figs. 3 and 4):
First, from the upright state shown in FIG. 1, the bearing member of the reversing shaft is raised until the cylinder (elevating member) 49 is operated to contact (engage) the reversing shaft. Then, the spring seat 19A is detached from the spring support 14, and the processing container is lifted.

  In this state, the reversing shaft is driven and rotated by 180 °, and the processing container is reversed to be inverted.

  Then, the open / close nozzle (raw material input port) 29 in the inverted processing container 11 is opened by the open / close valve 30 to supply the liquid-containing material. Thereafter, the open / close nozzle 29 is closed, and the suction nozzle 33 is connected to the filtrate collection line L1.

  In this state, a gas transporter for pressurization (not shown) is operated to pressurize the pressurized gas from the gas feed nozzle 22 and pressurize the vacuum pump (suction gas transporter for the filtrate recovery line L1). ) Activate 35A and aspirate. Here, air is usually used as the pressurized gas, but an inert gas such as nitrogen is used when the product dislikes oxidative deterioration.

  In the above, only one of pressurization and suction may be used.

  Then, a differential pressure in the direction of gravity is generated between the two-sided spaces of the filter medium 51, and the liquid-containing raw material is filtered. At this time, the filtrate is transferred to the filtrate receiving tank 34 from the suction nozzle 33 formed on the end surface of the neck 23a of the lid 23 and collected by the suction action of the vacuum pump 35A of the filtrate collection line L1.

  When the filter cake (cake) C deposited on the upper surface of the filter medium 51 may cause clogging of the filter medium 51, the opening / closing nozzle 29 is opened and the cleaning liquid (water or solvent) is intermittently supplied for cleaning. It is desirable. At this time, as in the filtration operation, the open / close nozzle 29 is closed to generate a differential pressure in the gravitational direction on both sides of the filter medium 51 to wash the filter medium or filter cake.

  In addition, you may perform filtration and washing | cleaning operation in a filtration process, vibrating a processing container continuously or intermittently. The vibration conditions at this time vary depending on the type of the object to be treated (solid particle specific gravity / content, slurry viscosity, etc.), but are appropriately selected from the range of vibration frequency: 16.2 to 29.2 Hz and amplitude: 2 to 3 mm.

  In the case of intermittent vibration, the cylinder 49 is operated and the processing container 11 is repeatedly lowered and raised, and the elastic support 14 and the spring seat 19 are reconnected and detached repeatedly. Depending on the type of the liquid-containing raw material, the dispersion of solid particles in the liquid is promoted, and the filtration / cleaning efficiency is improved. In addition, by applying vibration in the initial and middle stages of the filtration, the object to be processed in which the uneven distribution of the solid particles of the input slurry (object to be processed) is corrected is homogenized. The uneven distribution of solid particles leads to a decrease in filtration efficiency or a variation in the moisture content of the cake.

  At the end of the filtration step, the elastic support 14 and the spring seat 19B are separated from each other. However, when the vibration is filtered, the cylinder 49 is operated to raise the processing container 11, and the reversing shaft 45 is supported by the bearing. The elastic support 14 and the spring seat 19B are separated from each other by engaging with the member 47.

  At this time, the pressurized gas inlet 22 and the pressurized gas transporter (not shown) are also disconnected and the pressurized gas inlet 22 is closed.

(2) Vibration drying process (Figs. 1 and 2)
Next, the reversing shaft 45 is rotated by 180 °, and the processing container 11 is re-reversed to be in an upright state.

  Further, the bearing member 47 is lowered to couple the elastic support 14 and the spring seat 19A.

  Then, the filter cake (cake) C deposited on the filter medium 51 falls by its own weight due to the inversion of the filter medium 51. If the weight does not fall, the filter cake C can easily fall if the vibration motor 41 is operated. The dropped filter cake C is crushed (coarse) under impact on the bottom surface of the processing container. In this embodiment, since the raised part 25a is formed in the center of the bottom part of the processing container, it becomes easier to be crushed.

  Then, with the on-off valve 30 of the on-off nozzle 29 closed, the vacuum pump 35B is operated with the suction nozzle 33 of the lid neck portion 23 of the processing container 11 connected to the vapor recovery line L2. At the same time, the heat medium passes through the space of the jackets 25A and 25B through the pair of heat medium inlets and outlets 28A and 28B, and the vibration motor 43 is operated.

  Then, the object to be processed (filter cake) dropped on the drying processing unit 27 of the processing container 11 is vibrationally dried to become a product (usually powdery) P. At this time, the generated steam is sucked into the steam recovery line L2 by the action of the vacuum pump 35B and recovered. At this time, if the output (suction capability) of the vacuum pump 35B exceeds the amount of generated steam, the inside of the processing container 11 is also decompressed. If the product is susceptible to heat, the drying process can be performed without increasing the heating temperature.

  The vibration conditions in the vibration drying are the same as those in the filtration step described above.

  When the drying process is completed, when the vacuum pump 35B and the vibration motor 43 are stopped and the opening / closing nozzle 29 formed on the bottom surface of the drying processing unit is opened by the opening / closing valve 30, the product P is discharged from the opening / closing nozzle 29 by its own weight. Is done. If the vibration motor 43 is operated even during the product discharge, the product discharge speed increases.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the filtration / drying process can be efficiently performed in the processing container of one vertical dryer, and as a result, contamination and oxidative deterioration of the processed product can be avoided. In particular, when the process from the filtration step to the drying step is performed by continuously maintaining the vacuum (depressurized) state in the processing container, it is possible to more reliably avoid the heat and oxidation of the processed product.

  In the above description, the processing container 11 is moved up and down by moving the reversing shaft 45 and the bearing member 47 up and down by operating the cylinder 49. Also good. That is, when the bearing member is in an upright state and is positioned below the reversing shaft, the elastic support body is lowered until the reversing shaft comes into contact with the bearing member, and further lowered, the coupling between the elastic support body and the spring seat is released. Is done. Inversion is possible in this state. After reversing the processing container by the reversing shaft, the elastic support is raised until it is coupled with the spring seat and further raised until the engagement between the bearing member and the reversing shaft is released. The engagement is released and the processing container can be vibrated.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Processing container 14 Elastic support body 19A, 19B Spring receiving seat 21 Main part of processing container 23 Cover part 25A, 25B of processing container Jacket (heating means)
27 Drying processing unit 28A, 28B Heat medium inlet / outlet 29 Open / close nozzle 33 Suction nozzle 35A, 35B Vacuum pump 45 Reverse shaft 47 Bearing member 49 Lifting member (cylinder)
51 Filter medium L1 Filtrate recovery line L2 Steam recovery line

Claims (5)

A vibration drying method for obtaining a product from a liquid-containing raw material through a filtration step and a drying step using a vertical vibration dryer in which a filter medium is arranged on the upper side in a processing container,
A filtration step of depositing filter cake on the filter medium by differential pressure filtration after injecting the liquid-containing raw material from the raw material inlet formed on the bottom side by inverting the processing container, and
A drying process in which the processing container is inverted again to be in an upright state, and the filter cake is dropped on a drying processing unit on the bottom side of the processing container to perform vibration drying processing,
Only including,
Performing the filtration step while vibrating the processing vessel continuously or intermittently;
A vibration drying method characterized by inserting one or more filter medium or filter cake washing operations into the filtration step . Said from the filtering step to the drying step, the vibration drying method according to claim 1 Symbol placement and performing by maintaining the vacuum state of the processing chamber continuously. A vertical vibration drier used to produce a liquid-containing raw material (object to be processed) as a product through a filtration step and a drying step in one processing container,
A processing vessel supported by a support spring body, a vibration means for vibrating the processing vessel, a drying means for vibration drying, a reversing means for reversing the processing container, and a differential pressure filtering means,
A spring seat that can be attached to and detached from the support spring body is formed outside the bottom surface of the processing container,
The reversing means includes a pair of reversing shafts projecting outward from both sides of the processing container, a bearing member that supports the reversing shaft so as to be detachable, and a lifting member that lifts and lowers the processing container. ,
The differential pressure filtering means includes a plate-shaped filter medium disposed on the upper side in the processing container, and differential pressure generating means for generating a differential pressure in the gravitational direction in both side spaces of the filter medium when the processing container is inverted. Configured,
A vertical vibration dryer characterized by that. 4. The vertical vibration drying according to claim 3, wherein the spring receiving seat is formed on the outside of the ceiling surface of the processing container so that the inverted processing container can be supported by the support spring body. Machine. Together with the processing vessel comprises a jacket, provided with a raised portion constituting the inner wall of the jacket to the bottom side, claim 3, characterized in that the drying unit of the donut shape is formed around the the raised portions or 4. A vertical vibration dryer according to item 4 .

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