JP6419533B2 - Linear motor and compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor and a compressor, and more particularly to a linear motor that reciprocates and a compressor using the linear motor.

  An apparatus called an electric cylinder or a linear motor that reciprocally drives a rod supported so as to be able to advance and retreat in a cylinder has been conventionally known as having high driving efficiency and a simple and compact structure. Since the driving force of the linear motor is always collinear with the direction of the piston movement, the piston does not have a force acting in the radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction along the straight line, or is considerably small, so that the friction due to the friction of the piston does not occur. There is an advantage that the compressor can be used for a long time.

  8 and 9 show a configuration of an example of a conventional electric cylinder (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the figure, 9 is a linear electric cylinder that reciprocates, 91 is a cylinder, and 92 is a mover that is provided in the cylinder 91 so as to be movable in a straight line. A first stator 93 and a second stator 94 are attached to the inner surface near the left and right ends of the cylinder 91. The mover 92 includes a rod 921 supported by the cylinder 91 so as to be able to advance and retreat, and a magnetic pole 922 fixed to the rod 921. The first stator 93 and the second stator 94 are armatures in which a coil is wound around a core, and the magnetic pole 922 is a permanent magnet. In the state of FIG. 8, the first stator 93 is energized such that a rightward thrust is generated at the magnetic pole 922. When the rod 921 moves to the right and becomes close to the state shown in FIG. 9, the second stator 94 is energized to apply a leftward thrust to the magnetic pole 922 to brake. In order to move from the state of FIG. 9 to the state of FIG. If it carries out as mentioned above, the needle | mover 92 can be reciprocated with respect to the cylinder 91 right and left.

JP 2004-282957 A

  In the conventional electric cylinder 9, the first stator 93 and the second stator 94 are attached to both ends of the long stroke, so that magnetism is generated by energizing each other and a predetermined thrust is applied to the magnetic pole 922. However, since the first stator 93 and the second stator 94 are provided at a predetermined interval, the timing for energizing them alternately is changed. If they do not match, there is a problem that the mover 92 stops during the reciprocating motion and cannot move smoothly. Also. Since the first stator 93 and the second stator 94 must be positioned at a predetermined interval, there is also a problem that it is disadvantageous for downsizing of the apparatus.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a linear motor and a compressor in which a mover can smoothly reciprocate and a device can be miniaturized.

  In order to achieve the above object, a linear motor according to the present invention surrounds a mover provided in a hollow housing so as to be capable of reciprocating along an axial direction along its center axis. When a current flows through the stator unit and a magnetic field is generated, the mover is reciprocated along the axial direction by attracting or repelling the mover. The mover includes a plurality of first magnetic poles and a plurality of second magnetic poles which are shifted in the axial direction and are arranged in parallel with the axial direction, and the plurality of the first magnetic poles. And the plurality of second magnetic poles are adjacent to each other and arranged in parallel with the axial direction at a predetermined interval, and are adjacent to each other in the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole by crossing each other. One pole of each other Wherein the other magnetic pole with respect to said one pole as one end towards the other hand poles of the other pole between one end toward the other pole enters is provided offset in the axial direction.

  Since the stator unit attracts or repels the first magnetic pole or the second magnetic pole due to the magnetic force generated by energization, the mover can reciprocate continuously without interruption. Since the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 have no spacing in the axial direction 81 and are arranged around the mover so that the opposing one end portions enter between the one end portions of the corresponding adjacent electrodes, Since there is no space in the axial direction 81 between the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32, the apparatus can be miniaturized. Further, since the movement stroke of the mover 3 is not lengthened, there is an effect that energy consumption can be reduced, wear due to friction of the piston 52 is greatly reduced, and the compressor can be used for a long time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an assembled cross-sectional view showing a compressor configured to include a first embodiment of a linear motor according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 1. It is an assembly sectional view explaining the movement of the first embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view showing a first embodiment of a linear motor according to the present invention with a part thereof omitted. It is a front view of the axial direction of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the compressor provided with the other aspect of the needle | mover. It is a perspective view which shows the needle | mover in 2nd Embodiment of the linear motor which concerns on this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows an example of the conventional linear motor. It is a sectional side view explaining the operation | movement of the conventional linear motor of FIG.

  Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the component which has the same structure and function, the same number is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(First embodiment)
1 to 5 schematically show the configuration of a compressor that includes the linear motor according to the present invention. The linear motor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is linearly arranged in a housing 2 formed in, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends in an axial direction 81 along the central axis 8 open as shown in the figure. The movable element 3 is configured to include a movable element 3 that can reciprocate and a stator unit 4 that surrounds and is attached to the movable element 3.

  The housing 2 has an accommodation space defined by an outer wall 21 surrounding the central axis 8 so as to accommodate the mover 3 and the stator unit 4 as a passage 20 through which the mover 3 reciprocates. . The housing 2 is sealed so that the passage 20 communicates with the outside through the openings 200 at both ends of the central axis 8 of the housing 2 and the corresponding openings 200 are closed by the lid 22.

  The movable element 3 is shifted so that it does not overlap in the axial direction 81 while intersecting with the rod 30 extended long along the axial direction 81 and the circumferential direction surrounding the axial direction 81 of the rod 30 on the outer peripheral surface of the rod 30. A plurality of first magnetic poles 31 and a plurality of second magnetic poles 32 arranged in parallel are provided.

  The rod 30 protrudes from the mounting portion 301 formed so as to mount the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 and opposite opposite ends in the axial direction 81 of the mounting portion 301, and can rotate the lid body 22. And an extending portion 302 formed so as to penetrate through. Each of the lids 22 on both ends of the housing 2 is provided with a through hole 220 through which the extending portion 302 protrudes.

  The first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are adjacent to each other at a predetermined interval and parallel to the axial direction 81 and are arranged in parallel on the outer peripheral surface of the rod 30, and are interlaced with each other. The other magnetic pole is displaced in the axial direction 81 with respect to the one magnetic pole so that one end of the other magnetic pole adjacent to the magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 toward the other magnetic pole enters the other magnetic pole. Is provided. As illustrated, the first magnetic pole 31 includes a first overlapping portion 311 that enters between adjacent second magnetic poles 32, and a first extending from the first overlapping portion 311 to the outside in the axial direction 81. An extending portion 312. The second magnetic pole 32 includes a second overlapping portion 321 that enters between adjacent first magnetic poles 31, and a second extending portion 322 that extends outward from the second overlapping portion 321 in the axial direction 81. Have.

  In this embodiment, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are crossed in parallel at an equal interval in the circumferential direction, but the number of crossings is two or two depending on circumstances. There may be more than one. Further, in this embodiment, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are interlaced and arranged one by one at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, so that the adjacent first magnetic poles 31 are adjacent to each other. The circumferential interval and the circumferential width of the second magnetic pole 32 are substantially the same, and the circumferential interval between the adjacent second magnetic poles 32 and the circumferential width of the second magnetic pole 32 are substantially the same. is there.

  The first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are, for example, permanent magnets whose magnetic poles are opposite to each other.

  The stator unit 4 generates magnetic force when energized. For example, the stator unit 4 is made of a material having high magnetic permeability such as iron or silicon steel plate, and is formed by stacking a plurality of silicon steel plates as an example. It is. In this embodiment, the stator unit 4 includes a stator core 41 formed so as to surround the central axis 8 in the housing 2, and a stator coil 42.

  The stator core 41 is mounted in the housing 2 and formed in an annular shape so as to surround the central axis 8, and protrudes radially inward from the base 411 with a slot 413 therebetween and perpendicular to the axial direction 81. And a plurality of teeth 412. In this embodiment, the plurality of stator coils 42 are formed in an annular shape so as to surround the mover 3, and each of the stator coils 42 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape and corresponds to each of the plurality of teeth 412. It is wound.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the length d1 entering the interval between the adjacent second magnetic poles 32 of the first overlapping portion 311 in the first magnetic pole 31 is the second The length of the second overlapping portion 321 of the magnetic pole 32 is the same as the length of the distance between adjacent first magnetic poles 31. The length d2 of the stator coil 42 in the axial direction 81 is larger than the length d3 of the first extending portion 312. Further, the length d2 of the stator coil 42 in the axial direction 81 is larger than the length d4 of the second extending portion 322. The length d2 of the stator coil 42 in the axial direction 81 is the total length of the first magnetic pole 31 in the axial direction 81 (that is, the length d1 of the first overlapping portion 311 and the length d3 of the first extending portion 312). ) And the length d4 of the second extending portion 322 is smaller.

  In order to increase the driving force of the linear motor 1 according to the present invention, the stator coils 42 in the stator unit 4 are arranged corresponding to the numbers and positions of the first magnetic poles 31 and the second magnetic poles 32. And the attractive force between the stator unit 4 and the mover 3 and the repulsive force can be increased. That is, if the total number of the first magnetic poles 31 and the second magnetic poles 32 is the same as the number of stator coils 42, the attractive force and the repulsive force between the stator unit 4 and the mover 3 can be increased. In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, if there are four first magnetic poles 31 and four second magnetic poles 32, there are eight stator coils 42, and as shown in FIG. If there are two first magnetic poles 31 and two second magnetic poles 32, the number of stator coils 42 is four. If the total number of the first magnetic poles 31 and the second magnetic poles 32 is the same as the number of the stator coils 42, the stator unit 4 can be energized without waste, so that energy consumption is minimized. Can do.

  In this embodiment, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are permanent magnets, but may be magnets that generate a magnetic force temporarily when energized. The first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 may be formed by stacking a plurality of silicon steel plates, or may be made of an inductive material so as to have a magnetic resistance.

  In this embodiment, it is sufficient that the mover 3 can reciprocate by the attractive force and the repulsive force between the stator unit 4 and the mover 3. For example, the magnetic field by the stator coil 42 is the same, and the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 31 are the same. The magnetic poles 32 may be configured to generate magnetic poles having different directions, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In the compressor configured using the linear motor 1 according to this embodiment, the cylinders 5 are provided coaxially with the housing 2 at opposite ends in the axial direction 81 of the housing 2. Each cylinder 5 includes a cylinder body 51 that is formed in a hollow cylinder shape that is open at both ends in the axial direction 81, and a piston 52 that is provided on the cylinder body 51.

  The cylinder body 51 has a space 50 for accommodating an extending portion 302 that is open at both ends in the axial direction 81 by the lid body 22 and the lid body 23 and protrudes from the housing 2 and extends through the lid body 22. A plurality of intake valves 53 and a plurality of exhaust valves 54 are attached to both ends of the peripheral wall 511 in the axial direction 81. A piston 52 is provided in the space 50 of the cylinder body 51 so as to reciprocate along the axial direction 81. The space 50 is partitioned by the piston 52 into a first space portion 501 on the housing 2 side and a second space portion 502 that is separated from the housing 2.

  The pistons 52 and 52 are connected to the extending portions 302 and 302 protruding from the housing 2 so as to be interlocked with the movement of the mover 3. The plurality of intake valves 53 are attached to one side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the axial direction 81 of the peripheral wall 511 so as to communicate with the first space portion 501 or the second space 502. The cylinder body 51 is attached to the other side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the axial direction 81 so as to communicate with the first space portion 501 or the second space portion 502. In this embodiment, the pistons 52, 52 are provided at both ends in the axial direction 81 of the housing 2 so as to be interlocked with the extended portion 302 from which the rod 30 protrudes. Instead, it may be provided on both upper and lower sides depending on circumstances.

  The operation and action of the compressor including the linear motor 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  When a first current is passed through the stator unit 4, a first magnetic field is generated, thereby attracting the first magnetic pole 31 and repelling the second magnetic pole 32. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, the rod 30 is moved to the right in the axial direction 81 of FIG. When a second current that is opposite to the direction of the first current is passed through the stator unit 4, a second magnetic field that is opposite to the direction of the first magnetic field is generated. As a result, the second magnetic pole 32 is attracted and repelled from the first magnetic pole 31. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the rod 30 is moved to the left in the axial direction 81 of FIG. Thus, the rod 30 can be driven to reciprocate along the axial direction 81 by the magnetic field generated by the stator unit 4.

  Since the piston 52 is attached to the extending portions 302 at both ends in the axial direction 81 of the rod 30 of the mover 3, the piston 52 moves in the cylinder 5 in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of the mover 3, In the space 50, the fluid in the space 50 is compressed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the mover 3 moves to the left side, the piston 52 moves in conjunction with each other, and, for example, the first space portion 501 is compressed in the space 50 on the right side in the figure. At this time, the intake valve 53 communicated with the first space portion 501 is closed, and the exhaust valve 54 communicated with the first space portion 501 is opened. Thus, the fluid (gas) in the first space portion 501 is discharged through the exhaust valve 54. When the second space portion 502 expands in conjunction with the exhaust of gas in the first space portion 501, the exhaust valve 54 communicated with the second space portion 502 is closed and the second space portion 502 is closed. The intake valve 53 communicated with is opened. Thus, gas flows from the outside into the second space portion 502 via the intake valve 53.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the mover 3 moves to the right side, the piston 52 is moved in conjunction with it, and the second space portion 502 is compressed in the space 50 on the right side in the figure, for example. . At this time, the intake valve 53 communicated with the second space portion 502 is closed, and the exhaust valve 54 communicated with the second space portion 502 is opened. Thus, the fluid (gas) in the second space portion 502 is discharged through the exhaust valve 54. When the first space portion 501 expands in conjunction with the exhaust of gas in the second space portion 502, the exhaust valve 54 communicated with the first space portion 501 is closed and the first space portion 501 is closed. The intake valve 53 communicated with is opened. Thus, the gas flows from the outside into the first space portion 501 through the intake valve 53.

  As described above, the movement of the piston 52 of the cylinder 5 provided on the right side of the illustrated axial direction 81 has been described. However, the movement of the piston 52 provided on the left side of the axial direction 81 is similar, and the description thereof is omitted. To do.

  As described above, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 of the mover 3 are not in the conventional arrangement in which the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are provided with an interval in the axial direction 81 from each other. That is, since the first overlapping portion 311 and the second overlapping portion 321 which are each part of each facing each other are provided around the rod 30 so as to enter between the corresponding adjacent electrodes, the stator unit 4 can When one magnetic pole 31 is attracted, the second overlapping portion 321 of the second magnetic pole 32 is also surrounded by the stator unit 4. Therefore, when the stator unit 4 is driven so as to attract the second magnetic pole 32, the second magnetic pole 32 is immediately drawn to the stator unit 4, and the mover 3 is moved to the left as shown in FIG. . At this time, the first overlapping portion 311 of the first magnetic pole 31 is also surrounded by the stator unit 4. Next, when the stator unit 4 is driven so as to attract the first magnetic pole 31, the first magnetic pole 31 is immediately attracted to the stator unit 4, and the mover 3 is moved to the right as shown in FIG. Since the stator unit 4 can be continuously driven without interruption of repulsion and repulsion with the first magnetic pole 31 or the second magnetic pole 32, the movable element 3 can reciprocate smoothly.

  Further, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 of the mover 3 do not have an interval in the axial direction 81, and correspond to the first overlapping portion 311 and the second overlapping portion 321 which are part of each facing each other. Since the rod 30 is provided so as to enter between adjacent adjacent electrodes, there is no space in the axial direction 81 between the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32, so that the apparatus can be miniaturized. It is.

  Further, since the movement stroke of the mover 3 is not lengthened, there is an effect that less energy is consumed, wear due to friction of the piston 52 is greatly reduced, and the compressor can be used for a long time.

  Moreover, since the space | interval of the stator unit 4 and the needle | mover 3 can be adjusted according to the reciprocation of the needle | mover 3, the design freedom of an apparatus can be raised.

  Here, the stator unit 4 may be configured to generate a magnetic force that can be continuously driven without interruption and repulsion with the first magnetic pole 31 or the second magnetic pole 32 when energized. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  In the linear motor 1 according to this embodiment, the entire stator unit 4 is energized and driven to attract and move the first magnetic pole 31. Next, the whole stator unit 4 is energized and driven, and the second magnetic pole 32 is drawn and moved. As described above, the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 reciprocate along the axial direction 81 by alternately generating magnetic fields that attract or repel the stator unit 4. Can be made.

  As described above, a mode has been described in which the stator unit 4 is energized and driven to alternately generate magnetic fields that attract or repel the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the stator coil 42 arranged corresponding to the second magnetic pole 32 so that the stator coil 42 arranged corresponding to the second magnetic pole 32 and the corresponding second magnetic pole 32 do not interact with each other. When the stator coil 42 disposed corresponding to the first magnetic pole 31 is energized without being energized, the first magnetic pole 31 is attracted and moved. Next, the stator coil arranged corresponding to the first magnetic pole 31 so that the stator coil 42 arranged corresponding to the first magnetic pole 31 and the corresponding first magnetic pole 31 do not interact with each other. The stator coil 42 corresponding to the second magnetic pole 32 is energized without being energized 42, and the second magnetic pole 32 is attracted and moved. As described above, when the stator unit 4 is not energized, when the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 32 are switched and the corresponding stator coils 42 are energized, the stator unit 4 is energized. Thus, the movable element 3 can be reciprocated along the axial direction 81 by alternately generating magnetic fields that attract or repel each other. In addition, when the entire stator unit 4 is not energized and energized alternately corresponding to the first magnetic pole 31 and the second magnetic pole 2, energy can be saved.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 7 schematically shows the configuration of the second embodiment of the linear motor according to the present invention. The linear motor according to the second embodiment is almost the same as the configuration of the above embodiment, but the difference is in the configuration of the mover 3.

  The mounting portion 301 of the rod 30 of the mover 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of mounting grooves 303 extending along the axial direction 81 are provided in the outer peripheral surface so as to be recessed inward in the radial direction of the rod 30. It has been. The mounting groove 303 is provided with a number corresponding to at least the total number of magnetic poles provided. The plurality of first magnetic poles 31 and the plurality of second magnetic poles 32 are between the adjacent electrodes corresponding to the first overlapping portion 311 and the second overlapping portion 321, which are respective parts facing each other in the axial direction. It is attached so as to be detachable so as to be accommodated in the mounting groove 303 while being shifted in the axial direction 81 and intersecting so as to enter.

  The linear motor 1 configured as described above has the effects of the above-described embodiment, and the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are detachably provided in the mounting groove 303. Will be better.

  The linear motor according to the present invention and the compressor including the linear motor are useful for downsizing the linear motor, the compressor, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Linear motor 2 Housing 200 Opening 20 Passage 21 Outer wall 22, 23 Cover body 220 Through-hole 3 Movable element 30 Rod 301 Attachment part 302 Extension part 303 Attachment groove 31 1st magnetic pole 311 1st overlap part 312 1st extension part 32 Second magnetic pole 321 Second overlapping portion 322 Second extending portion 4 Stator unit 41 Stator core 411 Base portion 412 Teeth 413 Slot 42 Stator coil 5 Cylinder 51 Cylinder body 511 Peripheral wall 50 Space 501 First space portion 502 Second Space part 52 Piston 53 Intake valve 54 Exhaust valve 8 Central axis 81 Axial direction d1 to d4 Length

Claims (8)

In the hollow housing, provided with a mover provided so as to be able to reciprocate along an axial direction along its own central axis, and a stator unit provided so as to surround the mover. When a current flows and a magnetic field is generated, the mover reciprocates along the axial direction by attracting or repelling the mover,
The movable element includes a plurality of first magnetic poles and a plurality of second magnetic poles which are shifted in the axial direction and are arranged in parallel with the axial direction,
With the plurality of first magnetic poles and said plurality of said second magnetic poles are parallel adjacent each circumferentially parallel to the axial direction at predetermined intervals, a plurality of the first said one of the other magnetic pole between the magnetic poles and a plurality of said second magnetic pole in the axial direction end portions of the other magnetic pole side of one adjacent pole in the first magnetic pole and the second pole overlap in the axial direction of the A linear motor characterized in that the other magnetic pole is shifted in the axial direction with respect to the one magnetic pole so that one axial end of the magnetic pole side enters. The first magnetic pole includes a first overlapping portion that enters between the adjacent second magnetic poles, and a first extending portion that extends outward in the axial direction from the first overlapping portion. ,
The second magnetic pole includes a second overlapping portion that enters between the adjacent first magnetic poles, and a second extending portion that extends outward in the axial direction from the second overlapping portion. ,
The length of penetration between the second magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the first overlapping portion is the same as the length of penetration between the first magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the second overlapping portion. The linear motor according to claim 1. The stator unit includes a stator core and a stator coil formed so as to surround the central axis in the housing,
The stator core is mounted in the housing and formed in an annular shape so as to surround the central axis, and is protruded inward in the radial direction that is perpendicular to the axial direction with a slot from the base. A plurality of teeth formed,
The axial length of the stator coil is greater than the length of the first extending portion,
The axial length of the stator coil is greater than the length of the second extending portion,
The linear motor according to claim 2, wherein a length of the stator coil in the axial direction is smaller than a sum of a length of the first magnetic pole and a length of the second extending portion. The mover has a rod extended along the axial direction,
The rod is rotatable with respect to the housing by protruding from the opposite ends of the mounting portion in the axial direction of the mounting portion formed so as to mount the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole. The linear motor according to claim 3, further comprising an extending portion formed so as to penetrate through the linear motor. The rod is provided on its outer peripheral surface with a plurality of mounting grooves extending along the axial direction so as to be recessed inward in the radial direction,
The mounting groove is provided with a number corresponding to at least the total number of the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole,
The plurality of first magnetic poles and the plurality of second magnetic poles are arranged in the axial direction so that the first overlapping portion and the second overlapping portion enter between the corresponding adjacent magnetic poles. 5. The linear motor according to claim 4, wherein the linear motor is detachably mounted so as to be accommodated in the mounting groove while being shifted and crossed.   The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are permanent magnets.   The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are magnets that temporarily generate magnetic force. A linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Two cylinders respectively attached to both ends of the linear motor in the axial direction of the housing so as to be able to accommodate both ends of the mover that extend through the axial direction through the housing of the linear motor. When,
Two pistons attached to the both ends of the mover in the linear motor in the linear motor so as to be interlocked with the reciprocation of the mover;
The compressor characterized by having.

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