JP6420109B2 - Method for producing sintered ore - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、高炉の原料として使用される焼結鉱の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing sintered ore used as a raw material for a blast furnace.
一般に、高炉は、焼結鉱やペレット、塊鉄鉱石、コークス、石灰石などの原料を、炉内の高温雰囲気中で化学反応させることにより、溶銑を製造する炉である。なお、前記焼結鉱は、粉鉄鉱石やコークス粉などの原料を、焼結機にて焼結することによって製造される。 Generally, a blast furnace is a furnace that produces hot metal by chemically reacting raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, block iron ore, coke, and limestone in a high-temperature atmosphere in the furnace. The sintered ore is produced by sintering raw materials such as fine iron ore and coke powder with a sintering machine.
従来、焼結鉱を製造する際に、原料の一部として調湿ペレット（生ペレット）を使用する方法が知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、焼結機内の原料充填層の通気性を良好にして、焼結鉱の生産性及び成品歩留を向上させるために、擬似粒子と生ペレットとを混合して焼結機に装入して焼結する際に、まず、ペレット中の水分含有量が４ｍａｓｓ％以下となるように乾燥し、次いで、該ペレット中の水分含有量が４．５〜８ｍａｓｓ％となるように加水処理したものを使用することが開示されている。 Conventionally, a method of using humidity-controlled pellets (raw pellets) as a part of the raw material when producing sintered ore is known. For example, in Patent Document 1, in order to improve the air permeability of the raw material packed bed in the sintering machine and improve the productivity and product yield of the sintered ore, the pseudo particles and raw pellets are mixed and sintered. When charging into the kneader and sintering, first, the pellet is dried so that the moisture content in the pellet is 4 mass% or less, and then the moisture content in the pellet is 4.5 to 8 mass%. Thus, it is disclosed to use a water-treated product.
また、特許文献２には、装入原料層の通気性を改善して、焼結時間を短くすることによって、焼結鉱の生産性を向上させるために、微粉原料を造粒し、得られた造粒物を乾燥して水分含有量を６．５ｍａｓｓ％以下に調湿したペレットを、他の焼結原料と混合して焼結する方法が開示されている。
In addition,
上述した特許文献１および特許文献２に開示の技術は、調湿したペレットを使用することにより、焼結原料層の通気性を良好にして焼結鉱の生産性を高めることを目標にしている。しかしながら、これらの技術では、所定の水分量に調湿したペレットを作製する必要があった。そのため、焼結機の他に別途ペレットを製造する特別な装置を必要とするという問題があった。
The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 and
また、近年では、調湿ペレットに頼ることなく既存の焼結機を使って、焼結鉱の生産性を向上させて焼結鉱の生産能力をさらに高めたいとの要求も高くなっている。 In recent years, there has been an increasing demand to further improve the production capacity of sintered ore by improving the productivity of sintered ore using an existing sintering machine without relying on humidity-controlled pellets.
本発明の目的は、焼結機の他に別途特別な装置を必要とせず、既存の焼結機を用いて焼結鉱の生産能力をさらに高めることができる焼結鉱の製造方法を提案することにある。 An object of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a sintered ore that does not require a special device in addition to the sintering machine and can further increase the production capacity of the sintered ore using an existing sintering machine. There is.
発明者らは、従来技術が抱えている前述の課題を克服できると共に、前記目的の実現に有効な方法につき鋭意検討した結果、下記の要旨構成に係る本発明を開発するに到った。即ち、本発明は、微粉鉄鉱石から製造されたペレットと通常焼結配合原料とを混合して混合物を作製し、その混合物を焼結機に装入して焼結することにより、焼結鉱を製造する焼結鉱の製造方法において、前記ペレットは微粉鉄鉱石を造粒し焼成してなる焼成済みペレットであり、かつ、前記混合物は前記焼成済みペレットと前記通常焼結配合原料とを予混合してなる焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料であり、かつ、前記焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料中における該焼成済みペレットの配合率を６ｍａｓｓ％以下（但し、４ｍａｓｓ％は除く）とすることを特徴とする焼結鉱の製造方法である。 The inventors have been able to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and, as a result of intensive studies on a method effective for realizing the object, have come to develop the present invention according to the following summary configuration. That is, the present invention mixes pellets produced from fine iron ore and normal sintering compounding raw material to prepare a mixture, and the mixture is charged into a sintering machine and sintered to obtain a sintered ore. In the method for producing sintered ore, the pellets are calcined pellets obtained by granulating and firing fine iron ore, and the mixture preliminarily contains the calcined pellets and the normal sintered blending raw material. It is a pre-sintered blended raw material containing pre-sintered pellets containing fired pellets , and the pre-sintered pre-sintered pre-mixed raw material containing pre-sintered pellets is 6 mass% or less (excluding 4 mass%) ) and a method for producing a sintered ore, characterized by.
また、上記の構成の本発明に係る製造方法においては、さらに、
（１）前記焼成済みペレットの配合率は０．５ｍａｓｓ％以上とすること、
（２）前記焼成済みペレットとして、高炉用原料として使用可能なペレットを用いること、
がより好ましい解決手段になるものと考えられる。
In the manufacturing method according to the present invention having the above-described configuration,
(1) The blending ratio of the fired pellets is 0.5 mass% or more,
(2) As the baked pellet, use a pellet that can be used as a raw material for a blast furnace,
Is considered to be a more preferable solution.
本発明によれば、配合率が６ｍａｓｓ％以下の焼成済みペレットを焼結混合原料中に混合することで、配合したペレットの割合以上の焼結鉱を製造することができ、焼結鉱の生産能力を向上させることができる。また、焼成済みペレットとして市販の高炉原料用のペレットを利用できるため、特別な装置を別途必要とせず、既存設備の大掛かりな改造も必要とせず、既存設備（ヤード→ブレンド粉→焼結配合槽→焼結機）をそのまま利用することで、焼結鉱の増産が可能となる。 According to the present invention, sintered ore having a blending ratio of 6 mass% or less can be produced in the sintered mixed raw material by mixing the fired pellets into the sintered mixed raw material. Ability can be improved. In addition, since commercially available pellets for blast furnace raw materials can be used as calcined pellets, no special equipment is required, and no major modification of existing facilities is required. → By using the sintering machine as it is, production of sintered ore can be increased.
図１は本発明の焼結鉱の製造方法における製造工程の一例を説明するためのフローチャートである。この図に示すように、本発明に係る焼結鉱の製造方法における製造工程は、従来の焼結鉱の製造工程とほぼ同じである。即ち、本発明に係る焼結鉱の製造方法では、従来の製造方法と同様の製造工程に従って、まず、ペレットフィードと呼ばれる微粉鉄鉱石を造粒して得られた生ペレットを焼成してなる焼成済みペレットと、シンターフィードと呼ばれている粉鉄鉱石その他の焼結原料（副原料やコークス粉など）の擬似粒子、粉鉄鉱石単味などからなる通常焼結配合原料とを準備し、これら、即ち上記焼成済みペレットおよび上記通常焼結配合原料を混合して得た焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料を得る。その後、焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料を焼結機に装入して焼結することで、高炉用原料となる焼結鉱を製造する。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a production process in the method for producing a sintered ore of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the production process in the method for producing sintered ore according to the present invention is substantially the same as the conventional production process of sintered ore. That is, in the method for producing sintered ore according to the present invention, in accordance with the same production process as in the conventional production method, first, a raw pellet obtained by granulating fine iron ore called pellet feed is fired. Prepared pellets and raw materials such as sintered iron ore and other sintered raw materials (auxiliary raw materials, coke powder, etc.) pseudo-particles, ordinary sintered blended raw materials consisting of simple powdered iron ore, etc. That is, a pre-sintered sintered blending raw material containing fired pellets obtained by mixing the fired pellets and the normal sintered blending raw material is obtained. Then, the sintered ore used as the raw material for blast furnaces is manufactured by charging the sintered pellet-containing premixed sintered blended raw material into a sintering machine and sintering it.
図１に示す本発明に係る製造方法において、従来の製造方法と異なる点は、原料となるペレットとして焼成済みペレットを使用する点にある。その上で、本発明では、焼成済みペレットと通常焼結配合原料との配合割合（配合率）を６ｍａｓｓ％以下（従って、通常の焼結配合原料の配合率は９４ｍａｓｓ％を超えた量となる）としている。 The manufacturing method according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is different from the conventional manufacturing method in that a baked pellet is used as a raw material pellet. In addition, in the present invention, the blending ratio (mixing ratio) of the fired pellets and the normal sintered blending raw material is 6 mass% or less (the usual blending ratio of the sintered blending raw material is an amount exceeding 94 mass%. ).
本発明において特徴的なことは、焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料における焼成済みペレットの配合率を６ｍａｓｓ％以下とすることにより、後で述べる実施例から明らかなように、該焼成済みペレットを配合しない時にくらべ、該焼成済みペレットと通常の焼結配合原料とを予め混合することで、該焼成済みペレットを配合した割合（６ｍａｓｓ％以下）以上の焼結鉱増産効果を得ることができることにある。その理由は、通気性改善によるものと考えられ、焼結鉱増産効果は以下の実験例から明らかになる。以降、焼結機で生産された焼結鉱の生産量を、ペレットに由来する焼結鉱と通常焼結配合原料に由来する焼結鉱に分け、焼結鉱の生産量からペレットに由来する焼結鉱の生産量を差し引いたものを焼結塊の生産量とする。ペレットを配合しない場合の焼結鉱の時間当たりの生産量を基準とした前記焼結塊の時間当たりの生産量の増減率を増産割合とする。また、通常焼結配合原料の装入量に対する前記焼結塊の生産量の割合を塊歩留まりとする。 What is characteristic in the present invention is that, by setting the blending ratio of the fired pellets in the premixed sintered blending raw material containing the fired pellets to 6 mass% or less, as will be apparent from the examples described later, the fired pellets Compared to the case where the sinter is not blended, the sintered pellets and the usual sintered blending raw material are mixed in advance, so that the effect of increasing the sinter ore production ratio of the sintered pellets or more (6 mass% or less) can be obtained. It is in. The reason is considered to be due to the improvement of air permeability, and the effect of increasing the production of sintered ore becomes clear from the following experimental example. After that, the production volume of sintered ore produced by the sintering machine is divided into the sintered ore derived from pellets and the sintered ore usually derived from sintering compounded raw materials, and derived from pellets from the production quantity of sintered ores The amount obtained by subtracting the production amount of the sintered ore is the production amount of the sintered ingot. The rate of increase / decrease is the rate of increase / decrease in the production amount per hour of the sintered ingot based on the production amount per hour of the sintered ore when no pellets are blended . Further, the ratio of the production amount of the sintered ingot to the charged amount of the normal sintered blending raw material is defined as the mass yield.
従って、本発明法に従って焼結鉱を製造する場合、焼結鉱の増産効果により、焼結鉱よりも高価な購入処理鉱石（ペレットや輸入焼結鉱）の使用量を削減することができる。また、通気性改善及び焼結強度の向上により発生ダスト、高Ａｌ2Ｏ3購入粉鉱石や微粉購入粉鉱石などの安価焼結用原料の使用割合の拡大が可能となる。また、焼結鉱を製造するにあたり、焼成済みペレットを使用することで、ベンディングヤードでの成分調整も可能となる。そのため、これまで化学成分が問題で使用できなかった、市販の安価な高炉用焼成ペレット（製品ペレット）の使用が可能となる。 Therefore, when producing a sintered ore according to the method of the present invention, the amount of purchased ore (pellets and imported sintered ore) that is more expensive than the sintered ore can be reduced due to the effect of increasing the production of the sintered ore. In addition, the use ratio of low-cost sintering raw materials such as generated dust, high Al 2 O 3 purchased powder ore and fine powder purchased ore can be increased by improving air permeability and sintering strength. Moreover, when manufacturing a sintered ore, the component adjustment in a bending yard is also attained by using a baked pellet. Therefore, it becomes possible to use commercially available inexpensive blast furnace blast furnace pellets (product pellets) that could not be used due to problems with chemical components.
かかる焼成済みペレットとしては、高炉用原料として通常使用されている市販の焼成済みペレットを使用することができる。例えば、低強度ペレットや酸性ペレットなどを使用することもできる。そのため、焼成済みペレットを得るために、従来の生ペレットの乾燥品を利用して焼結鉱を得る技術のように、ペレットを製造するために別途特別な装置を必要としない。 As such calcined pellets, commercially available calcined pellets that are usually used as blast furnace raw materials can be used. For example, low-strength pellets or acidic pellets can be used. Therefore, in order to obtain baked pellets, a special device is not required for producing pellets, unlike the conventional technique of obtaining sintered ore using a dried product of raw pellets.
本発明の焼結鉱の製造方法を模擬した試験鍋にて、焼成済みペレットと通常焼結配合原料とからなる焼成済みペレット含有予混合焼結配合原料における焼成済みペレットの配合率を変化させて焼結鍋試験を行い、焼成済みペレットの配合率の影響を調べたので、以下に説明する。 In a test pan simulating the manufacturing method of the sintered ore of the present invention, by changing the blending ratio of the fired pellets in the pre-mixed sintered blending raw material containing the fired pellets composed of the fired pellets and the normal sintered blending raw material A sintering pot test was conducted and the influence of the blending ratio of the baked pellets was examined, which will be described below.
まず、焼成済みペレットとして酸性ペレットを準備した。また、通常の焼結配合原料として、粉鉄鉱石、硅石粉、石灰石粉、選鉱粉、粉コークスを準備した。本発明例および比較例として、準備した焼成済みペレットと通常焼結配合原料との配合率を代えて試験鍋に一定量充填し、同じ焼結条件で焼結させて、焼成済みペレットの配合率が異なるケースについてそれぞれの焼結鉱を得た。なお、通常焼結配合原料内の粉鉄鉱石（シンターフィード）、硅石粉、石灰石粉、選鉱粉、粉コークスの配合割合は、いずれの例においても同じとした。さらに、従来例として、配合率を変化させた湿ペレットと上述した通常の焼結配合原料とを使用し、上述した例と同様の製造工程に従って焼結鉱を得た。ここで、湿ペレットとしては、特許文献１で開示された湿ペレットを使用した。
尚、焼成済みペレットの配合率、湿ペレットの配合率は、それぞれ焼成済みペレット量と通常焼結配合原料量に対する焼成済みペレット量の比率（％）、湿ペレットの量と通常焼結配合原料量に対する湿ペレット量の比率（％）で示した。
First, acidic pellets were prepared as baked pellets. In addition, powdered iron ore, fluorite powder, limestone powder, beneficiation powder, and powder coke were prepared as normal sintering compounding raw materials. As an example of the present invention and a comparative example, the mixing ratio of the prepared baked pellets and the normal sintering compounding raw material is changed, and a predetermined amount is filled in a test pan and sintered under the same sintering conditions. For each case, different sinters were obtained. In addition, the mixing ratios of the powdered iron ore (sinter feed), meteorite powder, limestone powder, beneficiation powder, and powder coke in the normal sintered blending raw material were the same in all examples. Further, as a conventional example, wet pellets having different blending ratios and the above-described normal sintered blending raw material were used, and a sintered ore was obtained according to the same production process as in the above-described example. Here, the wet pellet disclosed in Patent Document 1 was used as the wet pellet.
In addition, the mixing ratio of the baked pellets and the mixing ratio of the wet pellets are respectively the ratio (%) of the amount of baked pellets to the amount of baked pellets and the amount of normal sintered compounding materials, the amount of wet pellets and the amount of normal sintering compounding materials It was shown by the ratio (%) of the amount of wet pellets to.
次に、得られた本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱について、焼成済みペレット配合率と焼成時間短縮割合との関係、焼成済みペレット配合率と塊歩留まり向上割合との関係、および、焼成済みペレット配合率と焼結塊増産割合との関係を、それぞれ求めた。また、従来例の焼結鉱について、湿ペレット配合率と焼結塊増産割合との関係を求めた。ここで、焼成時間短縮割合、塊歩留まり向上割合、および、焼結塊増産割合は、いずれも、焼成済みペレット配合率または湿ペレット配合率が０％の時を基本として求めた。 Next, for the sintered ore of the present invention examples and comparative examples obtained, the relationship between the ratio of calcined pellets and the ratio of shortening the firing time, the relationship between the ratio of calcined pellets and the mass yield improvement ratio, and the calcined The relationship between the pellet blending ratio and the increased production rate of sintered ingots was determined. Moreover, about the sintered ore of the conventional example, the relationship between a wet pellet compounding rate and a sintered ingot increase rate was calculated | required. Here, the firing time shortening ratio, the lump yield improving ratio, and the sintered lump increasing production ratio were all determined based on the case where the fired pellet blending ratio or the wet pellet blending ratio was 0%.
図２に、本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と焼成時間短縮割合との関係を示し、図３に、本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と塊歩留まり向上割合との関係を示し、図４に、本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と焼結塊増産割合との関係を示す。また、図５に、従来例の焼結鉱についての湿ペレット配合率と焼結塊増産割合との関係を示す。 FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the ratio of the calcined pellets for the sintered ore of the present invention example and the comparative example and the firing time reduction ratio, and FIG. 3 shows that the sintered ore of the inventive example and the comparative example has been calcined. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the pellet blending rate and the lump yield improvement rate, and FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the fired pellet blending rate and the sintered lump increase rate for the sintered ore of the present invention example and the comparative example. Moreover, in FIG. 5, the relationship between the wet pellet compounding rate about the sintered ore of a prior art example and the sintered ingot increase rate is shown.
図２〜図５の結果から、以下のことがわかった。即ち、図４に示す本発明例および比較例の焼結原料を利用した結果から、焼成済みペレット配合率が６ｍａｓｓ％以下だと、焼結鉱の増産効果が認められることがわかる。一方、図５に示す従来例の結果から、湿ペレットを使用した例では、湿ペレットの配合により焼結鉱の生産率は通気性の改善により若干良化するが塊歩留の悪化の影響が大となり、焼結鉱の増産効果を得ることができないことがわかる。 The following was found from the results of FIGS. That is, from the result of using the sintered raw materials of the present invention example and the comparative example shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the effect of increasing the production of sintered ore is recognized when the ratio of the burned pellets is 6 mass% or less. On the other hand, from the results of the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, in the example using wet pellets, the production rate of the sintered ore is slightly improved by the improvement of the air permeability due to the blending of the wet pellets, but the influence of the deterioration of the lump yield is exerted. It becomes large and it turns out that the production increase effect of a sintered ore cannot be acquired.
また、図２に示す本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と焼成時間短縮割合との関係、図３に示す本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と塊歩留まり向上割合との関係、および、図４に示す本発明例および比較例の焼結鉱についての焼成済みペレット配合率と焼結塊増産割合との関係の結果から、焼成済みペレットの配合率の下限を、好ましくは０．５ｍａｓｓ％以上、さらに好ましくは４ｍａｓｓ％以上、とすることが好ましいことがわかる。なお、配合率の下限を０．５ｍａｓｓ％以上とすることが好ましいのは、ペレット配合による化学品位の低下は無いので、増産効果が見込める範囲なら問題ないためである。 Also, the relationship between the ratio of the calcined pellets and the firing time reduction ratio for the sintered ore of the present invention example and the comparative example shown in FIG. 2, the sintered for the sintered ore of the present invention example and the comparative example shown in FIG. From the relationship between the pellet blending rate and the lump yield improvement rate, and the result of the relationship between the fired pellet blending rate and the sintered lump increase rate for the sintered ore of the present invention example and the comparative example shown in FIG. It can be seen that the lower limit of the blending ratio of the pellets is preferably 0.5 mass% or more, more preferably 4 mass% or more. The reason why the lower limit of the blending ratio is preferably 0.5 mass% or more is that there is no problem as long as the production increase effect can be expected because there is no decrease in chemical quality due to the blending of pellets.
本発明によれば、焼結機の他に別途に特別な装置を必要とすることなく、既存の焼結機を用いて焼結鉱の生産能力をさらに高めることができる。そのため、例えば高炉用原料として使用される焼結鉱の生産能力の増強が望まれている製銑工程において、本発明の焼結鉱の製造方法を好適に適用することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to further increase the production capacity of sintered ore using an existing sintering machine without requiring a special device in addition to the sintering machine. Therefore, for example, in the iron making process in which enhancement of the production capacity of sintered ore used as a blast furnace raw material is desired, the method for producing sintered ore of the present invention can be suitably applied.
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