JP6422335B2 - Block diagram creation system and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a block diagram creation system and method for a BIM building using a three-dimensional general-purpose CAD.

  BIM (building information model) is a design method for generating and managing building data. Typically, 3D CAD data (hereinafter referred to as BIM data) is created in the process of building design using 3D CAD.

  The BIM data includes building shapes, spatial relationships, building member quantities and characteristics, and building element properties (such as manufacturer information). Therefore, the quantity and shared material information can be easily extracted using the BIM.

  For example, Revit (registered trademark) is known as a three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM. Revit (registered trademark) is CAD software for building design developed by Autodesk (registered trademark) in the United States.

  Such 3D CAD for building design has been developed for BIM, allowing architects to evolve ideas from concept to construction with a coordinated and consistent model-based approach.

  For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 are disclosed as means for efficiently performing a planning examination of a building using the above-described general-purpose three-dimensional CAD.

  Patent Document 1 “Environmental Display Device, Building Temporary Design Method Using the Same, Building Design Device, and Building Evaluation Method” aims to easily display site environments corresponding to individual sites.

  In Patent Document 1, this environment display device is unique in that it inputs storage site-specific information including storage means for storing information required for building plan design and proposal as a database, and site information regarding the site planned for construction. It comprises information input means and output means (display device) for extracting and displaying environmental information necessary for site-specific plan design and proposal based on the unique information from the database.

  The “building plan support system” of Patent Document 2 is intended to enable a person who does not have deep expertise in architecture to implement a building plan that satisfies the regulation conditions in a short time by a simple operation. And

  In Patent Document 2, element display means for displaying a building element figure on an operation screen, and graphic arrangement means for freely arranging the figure at an arbitrary position on the operation screen are provided. In addition, the site display means that displays the range of the target site on the operation screen, the regulation condition setting means that gives the building regulation conditions for the target site, and the building for the target site can be performed according to the building regulation conditions set by the regulation condition setting means Range display means for displaying the range on the operation screen; The figure is configured with room blocks as elements, and the figure arrangement means forms the room block figures on the operation screen in a state where the range that can be constructed by the range display means is displayed on the operation screen.

JP 2001-290864 A JP 2005-209017 A

In the business planning stage, in order to check the volume of condominiums built on the planned site and clear the sunshade regulations, conventionally, the volume was calculated manually based on two-dimensional drawings. However, it took time and effort to calculate the volume manually based on the two-dimensional drawing.
Therefore, if the BIM and the three-dimensional general-purpose CAD described above are used to create a block diagram with three-dimensional data and enable automatic calculation of the volume and the like, it is possible to improve the efficiency of business.
The “building block diagram” is a diagram showing the entire building as one block (block). In the block diagram, the outer surface of the entire building is usually represented by a flat surface with few undulations.

However, in order to create a block diagram with three-dimensional data by BIM, manually inputting each box (room block figure) that constitutes a dwelling unit as in Patent Document 2, for example, It takes time and effort.
Further, with the conventional means, after the building volume is determined by the block diagram for consideration, a design drawing with new columns and beams has to be created.

  The present invention has been developed to solve these problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to create a block diagram that can easily create a block diagram of a building without creating a two-dimensional drawing of the building, and can easily create a design drawing with columns and beams from the block diagram. To provide a system and method.

According to the present invention, the computer includes a three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the three-dimensional CAD and the spreadsheet software.
The spreadsheet software includes a database sheet that stores default values of design data in a table format, and a frame building block input sheet,
The three-dimensional CAD has a layout setting sheet for determining a layout,
The layout setting sheet has a first input area for inputting basic data including a separation distance from a site boundary of a building, a frontage of a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of the dwelling units, and positions of stairs and elevators,
The three-dimensional CAD displays a basic plan view of a building corresponding to the basic data,
The basic plan view can be moved on a three-dimensional CAD and stretched in the direction in which the dwelling unit is adjacent,
The three-dimensional CAD converts the stretched basic plan view into a modified plan view of a building in which the number of dwelling units located in the middle among the plurality of dwelling units is increased,
The frame building block input sheet has a second input area for inputting a floor number and a dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view,
The spreadsheet software displays a frame block diagram based on the input floor number and the dwelling unit type,
The three-dimensional CAD displays a block diagram of a building based on the modified plan view, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type, and a block diagram creation system is provided.

  The linkage software has a function of creating the design data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building from the block diagram.

The database sheet displays the default values of the staircase, the elevator, and the dwelling unit type in a table format,
The displayed default value can be corrected on spreadsheet software.

  The cooperation software converts the data of the spreadsheet software into the BIM data of the three-dimensional CAD, and converts the BIM data into the data of the spreadsheet software.

In addition, according to the present invention, a computer in which three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the three-dimensional CAD and the spreadsheet software are installed. Prepare
In the first step of determining the layout,
(A) Basics including a separation distance from a building site boundary, a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of the dwelling units, and positions of stairs and elevators in the first input area of the 3D CAD layout setting sheet Enter the data
(B) The basic plan view of the building corresponding to the basic data is displayed by the three-dimensional CAD,
The basic plan view can be moved on a three-dimensional CAD and stretched in the direction in which the dwelling unit is adjacent,
(C) The basic plan view stretched by the three-dimensional CAD is converted into a modified plan view of a building in which the number of dwelling units located in the middle among the plurality of dwelling units is increased,
In the second step of adjusting the stacking height,
(D) In the second input area of the frame building block input sheet of the spreadsheet software, enter the floor number and dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view,
(E) The frame calculation block is displayed based on the floor number and the dwelling unit type input by the spreadsheet software.
(F) A block diagram creating method is provided, wherein the three-dimensional CAD displays a block diagram of a building based on the modified plan view, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type.

  In the third step, design data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building is created from the block diagram by the cooperation software.

According to the apparatus and method of the present invention, the layout setting sheet of the three-dimensional CAD includes a separation distance from the site boundary of the building, a frontage of a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of a dwelling unit, and positions of stairs and elevators Enter basic data. Thereby, the three-dimensional CAD displays a basic plan view of the building corresponding to the basic data.
The basic plan view can be moved on the 3D CAD and extended in the direction where the dwelling unit is adjacent. The 3D CAD is a building with more extended dwelling units located in the middle than the extended basic plan view. Convert to the modified plan view.
Therefore, it is possible to create a modified plan view without creating a two-dimensional drawing of the building.

In addition, when the floor number and the dwelling unit type are input for each span of the corrected plan view in the frame building input sheet of the spreadsheet software, the three-dimensional CAD displays a block diagram of the building based on the corrected plan view, the floor number, and the dwelling unit type. .
Therefore, it is possible to easily create a block diagram of a building without creating a two-dimensional drawing of the building.

  Furthermore, design drawings with columns and beams can be easily created from BIM data in a block diagram by using linkage software that links three-dimensional CAD and spreadsheet software.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is easy to input data for creating a block diagram, and operations such as volume check, oblique line check, and shade check can be simplified.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a block diagram creation system according to the present invention. It is a whole flowchart of the block diagram preparation method by this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the building setting sheet displayed on the screen for output. It is a figure which shows operation in three-dimensional CAD. It is a schematic diagram of the tabular frame building block input sheet displayed on the output screen. It is a schematic diagram of a frame block diagram. It is a typical perspective view of a block diagram. It is a perspective view of the external appearance design of a building based on BIM data.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a block diagram creation system according to the present invention.
As shown in this figure, the block diagram creation system of the present invention includes a computer 10.
The computer 10 includes an input / output device 12 that exchanges data with the outside, a storage device 14 that records data, a control device 16 that controls the execution status of a program, and an arithmetic device 18 that calculates and processes data. The
The input / output device 12 includes, for example, an input keyboard and mouse, an output screen (for example, a liquid crystal screen), and a printer.
The storage device 14 includes a main storage device used for temporary storage and an external storage device (auxiliary storage device) used for permanent recording.

  In the computer 10 of the present invention, a storage device 14 includes three-dimensional CAD 20 for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software 22, and linkage software 24 that links the three-dimensional CAD 20 and spreadsheet software 22. Installed.

  A three-dimensional CAD 20 for building design using BIM is Revit (registered trademark) described above, for example. The three-dimensional CAD 20 is not limited to this example, and the BIM data D3 includes data necessary for creating the block diagram of the building, and the block diagram 7 (see FIG. 7) of the building can be created using the BIM data D3. As long as it is a 3D CAD for other building designs.

  The general-purpose spreadsheet software 22 is, for example, Excel (registered trademark) developed by Microsoft (registered trademark) in the United States. Note that the spreadsheet software 22 is not limited to this example, and other spreadsheet software may be used as long as the data and symbols can be displayed in a table format and data can be calculated.

  The linkage software 24 links the three-dimensional CAD 20 and the spreadsheet software 22, converts the data of the spreadsheet software 22 into BIM data D 3, and converts the BIM data D 3 into the data of the spreadsheet software 22. The link software 24 may be a macro of the spreadsheet software 22 or may be independent program software as long as it has this conversion function.

The block diagram creation system of the present invention creates a block diagram 7 (see FIG. 7) by BIM by inputting a basic building shape (basic data D1).
In the present invention, the building is a housing complex such as an apartment, and means an SRC structure or an RC structure. Moreover, the block diagram 7 means a diagram showing a single (one building) apartment house as one block (lumb).

In FIG. 1, the spreadsheet software 22 includes a database sheet 23 for storing the default values of the design data D2 in a table format, and a frame building block input sheet 22b.
Further, the three-dimensional CAD 20 has a layout setting sheet 21 for determining a layout.

FIG. 2 is an overall flowchart of a block diagram creation method according to the present invention.
The block diagram creation method of the present invention prepares the computer 10 described above, and executes a first step S1 for determining a layout and a second step S2 for adjusting the height of stacking.

In this figure, 1st step S1 consists of each step of S11-S13. Moreover, 2nd step S2 consists of each step of S21-S23.
Each step is set so that it is possible to move to the next step and return freely by inputting any key or clicking a push button provided in the computer 10, the three-dimensional CAD 20, or the spreadsheet software 22. Has been.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the building setting sheet 21 displayed on the output screen in step S11 of the first step S1.
In step S11, the block diagram creating system of the present invention displays or activates the layout setting sheet 21 (in a state where input is possible).
The layout setting sheet 21 is a distance from the building boundary 2 (see FIG. 4), a frontage of a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of the dwelling units, and a staircase 3a (see FIG. 4) and an elevator 3b (see FIG. 4). The first input area 1 for inputting the basic data D1 including the position of. The site boundary 2 of the building is input in advance to another item.
In the first input area 1 (lattice cell), an appropriate numerical value corresponding to the building shape assumed by the designer is selected from a list in which default values are displayed, or is input using a keyboard. These numerical values are provisional values, and the building setting sheet 21 is a spreadsheet in a table format, and can be freely corrected on the three-dimensional CAD.

  When necessary data is input to the building setting sheet 21 and the process proceeds to the next step S12, the basic plan view 3 of the building corresponding to the basic data D1 is displayed on the screen by the three-dimensional CAD 20. Simultaneously with step S12, the cooperation software 24 converts the data of the spreadsheet software 22 into BIM data D3.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing operations in the three-dimensional CAD 20. In this figure, (A) shows the building boundary 2 and the basic plan view 3 of the building, (B) shows the enlargement (drag) operation of the basic plan view 3, and (C) shows the corrected plan view 4 after the extension. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 4A, in step S12, the preset site range, the distance from the building boundary 2 based on the basic data D1, and the basic plan view 3 of the building corresponding to the basic data D1 are displayed. Is done.
In this figure, A and B are dwelling unit types, 3a is a staircase position, 3b is an elevator position, 3c is a corridor, and 3d is a veranda. The dwelling unit type is a standard type designation of area, frontage, and depth preset in the database sheet 23. The basic data D1 is not limited to a preset dwelling unit type.

The basic plan view 3 can be freely moved using a mouse or the like on the three-dimensional CAD. Similarly, the basic plan view 3 can be stretched in the plane using a mouse or the like. This enlargement is possible in both the direction in which the dwelling units are adjacent, that is, the direction in which the common corridor extends and the depth direction.
As shown in FIG. 4B, in step S12, the designer can change the installation range of the building by extending (dragging) the basic plan view 3 based on the assumed building shape. Further, the positions of the stairs 3a and the elevator 3b can be freely changed.

As shown in FIG. 4C, in step S13, the three-dimensional CAD 20 converts the extended basic plan view 3 into a dwelling unit (in this example, dwelling unit type B) located in the middle among the plurality of dwelling units A and B. It converts into the corrected top view 4 of the increased building.
When the frontage of the dwelling unit located at the right end in this figure is different from the dwelling unit type B, it is set as another dwelling unit type (C in this example).

Similarly to the basic plan view 3, the modified plan view 4 can also be moved or rotated on the plan view using a mouse or the like on the three-dimensional CAD to examine its arrangement.
Step S12 and step S13 can be repeatedly performed alternately. When the arrangement of the modified plan view 4 is determined on the plan view, the process proceeds to the second step S2. Simultaneously with this transition, the cooperation software 24 converts the BIM data D3 into data of the spreadsheet software 22.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tabular frame building block input sheet 22b displayed on the output screen.
In step S21, the block diagram creation system of the present invention displays or activates the frame building block input sheet 22b (in an input enabled state).
The frame building block input sheet 22b has a second input area 5 for inputting a floor number and a dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view 4 (see FIG. 4).
In the frame building block input sheet 22b, the dwelling unit position corresponding to the modified plan view 4 is displayed. In addition, a dedicated table including a dedicated area, a frontage, and a depth corresponding to each dwelling unit type is displayed from the database sheet 23.
The designer inputs the floor number and dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view 4 based on the assumed building shape.
The frame building block input sheet 22b is a diagram showing an array of dwelling unit types in a building. In this figure, the horizontal direction indicates the arrangement of adjacent dwelling units, the vertical direction indicates the hierarchy, A, B, and C in the figure indicate the dwelling unit type, and the diagonal lines in the figure indicate the range of the building.
In addition, a common table (not shown) can be displayed, and an entrance, a meeting place, an electric room, etc. can be input instead of the dwelling unit type.
When this input is completed, the process proceeds to the next step S22.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame block diagram 6. In step S22, the frame building block 22 is displayed by the spreadsheet software 22 based on the input floor number and dwelling unit type.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an arrangement of dwelling unit types in a building. In this figure, the dwelling unit type and the arrangement of the hierarchy are shown.
Since the frame block diagram 6 is a spreadsheet in a table format, it can be freely modified on spreadsheet software. The designer examines the frame block diagram 6 based on the assumed building shape and corrects it if necessary.

  When the correction of the frame block diagram 6 is completed, the process proceeds to the next step S23. Simultaneously with step S23, the cooperation software 24 converts the data of the spreadsheet software 22 into BIM data D3.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the block diagram 7.
In step S23, the block diagram 7 of the building is displayed by the three-dimensional CAD 20 based on the corrected plan view 4, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type.
In FIG. 7, 8a shows the room of each dwelling unit, and 8b shows the exit room.
That is, the cooperation software 24 converts the data of the spreadsheet software 22 into BIM data D3, and the three-dimensional CAD 20 displays the block diagram 7 of the building based on the corrected plan view 4, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type. In this block diagram 7, all the data (including the dwelling unit type) corrected in the above-described steps are reflected.

The designer uses the three-dimensional CAD 20 and this block diagram 7 based on preset criteria from the data of the staircase 3a, elevator 3b, corridor 3c, veranda 3d, room 8a of each dwelling unit, and exit room 8b. Volume, building area, etc. of the entire building can be calculated automatically.
Accordingly, operations such as volume check, oblique line check, and shade check can be simplified.

The linkage software 24 of the present invention has a function of creating design data D2 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of stories of the building from the block diagram 7.
Therefore, in the third step (not shown) after the second step, the linkage software 24 creates design data D2 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of stories from the block diagram 7. be able to.

According to the apparatus and method of the present invention described above, in the building setting sheet 21 of the three-dimensional CAD 20, the distance from the site boundary 2 of the building, the frontage of the adjacent dwelling units, the depth of the dwelling units, and the stairs 3a and the elevator The basic data D1 including the position 3b is input. Thereby, the three-dimensional CAD 20 displays the basic plan view 3 of the building corresponding to the basic data D1.
The basic plan view 3 is movable on the three-dimensional CAD and can be extended in the direction in which the dwelling units are adjacent. The three-dimensional CAD 20 increases the basic plan view 3 extended from among the plurality of dwelling units. Convert to a modified plan 4 of the building.
Therefore, the corrected plan view 4 can be created without creating a two-dimensional drawing of the building.

In addition, when the floor number and the dwelling unit type are input for each span of the corrected plan view 4 in the frame building block input sheet 22b of the spreadsheet software 22, the three-dimensional CAD 20 generates a building block based on the corrected plan view 4, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type. FIG. 7 is displayed.
Therefore, the block diagram 7 of the building can be easily created without creating a two-dimensional drawing of the building.

  Furthermore, a plan / design drawing with columns and beams can be easily created from the BIM data D3 of the block diagram 7 by the linkage software 24 that links the three-dimensional CAD 20 and the spreadsheet software 22.

For example, the BIM data D3 obtained by the present invention recognizes each building component such as a common hallway, balcony, external staircase, EV shaft, etc. as a box (block) in addition to a box (block) that constitutes a dwelling unit. There are pillars at the four corners of the dwelling unit block, and the short direction of the dwelling block is a ramen structure with columns and beams, the long direction is a seismic wall with a beam shape, and the walls on the side of the short shared hallway are the entrance and waist window 2. Also, the short balcony side has two sweep windows, the waist wall has two waist windows, etc., and pillars, beams, seismic walls, entrances, windows, shared corridors, balconies, external stairs, EV shafts, etc. If there is cooperation software 24 for instructing the arrangement of parts prepared in advance, the position information and height information of each part is defined in each block, so that it can be accurately generated as a three-dimensional CAD. In this case, the texture of the outer wall can be changed, and since position information is generated by each block, a part such as a marion provided on the outer wall can be selected and additionally set.
Accordingly, simple boxes (blocks) are piled up by the cooperation software 24, and after deciding the most business-friendly building shape while complying with the oblique line regulation and the shadow regulation, the above cooperation software 24 is used as shown in FIG. It is possible to generate BIM data close to a real building, which makes it possible to confirm the building exterior design as well as the plan view and sectional view of the building from all angles (in three dimensions).

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is easy to input data for creating a block diagram, and operations such as volume check, oblique line check, and shade check can be simplified.
Furthermore, by creating the design data D2 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building from the block diagram 7 by the cooperation software 24, it is possible to easily create the plan design drawing.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, it can change variously, unless it deviates from the summary of this invention.

D1 basic data, D2 design data, D3 BIM data,
1 first input area, 2 site boundaries, 3 basic plan view,
3a stairs, 3b elevator, 3c corridor, 3d veranda,
4 modified plan view, 5 second input area, 6 frame block diagram,
7 Block diagram, 8a Room of each dwelling unit, 8b Exit room, 10 computers,
12 input / output devices, 14 storage devices, 16 control devices, 18 computing devices,
20 3D CAD, 21 Building setting sheet, 22 Spreadsheet software,
22b frame building block input sheet, 23 database sheet,
24 Linked software

Claims (6)

A computer installed with 3D CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the 3D CAD and the spreadsheet software;
The spreadsheet software includes a database sheet that stores default values of design data in a table format, and a frame building block input sheet,
The three-dimensional CAD has a layout setting sheet for determining a layout,
The layout setting sheet has a first input area for inputting basic data including a separation distance from a site boundary of a building, a frontage of a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of the dwelling units, and positions of stairs and elevators,
The three-dimensional CAD displays a basic plan view of a building corresponding to the basic data,
The basic plan view can be moved on a three-dimensional CAD and stretched in the direction in which the dwelling unit is adjacent,
The three-dimensional CAD converts the stretched basic plan view into a modified plan view of a building in which the number of dwelling units located in the middle among the plurality of dwelling units is increased,
The frame building block input sheet has a second input area for inputting a floor number and a dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view,
The spreadsheet software displays a frame block diagram based on the input floor number and the dwelling unit type,
The three-dimensional CAD displays a block diagram of a building based on the modified plan view, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type.   The block diagram according to claim 1, wherein the linkage software has a function of creating the design data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building from the block diagram. Creation system. The database sheet displays the default values of the staircase, the elevator, and the dwelling unit type in a table format,
2. The block diagram creation system according to claim 1, wherein the displayed default value can be corrected on a spreadsheet software.   2. The block diagram according to claim 1, wherein the linkage software converts the data of the spreadsheet software into BIM data of the three-dimensional CAD and converts the BIM data into data of the spreadsheet software. Creation system. Prepare a computer on which 3D CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the 3D CAD and spreadsheet software are installed,
In the first step of determining the layout,
(A) Basics including a separation distance from a building site boundary, a plurality of adjacent dwelling units, a depth of the dwelling units, and positions of stairs and elevators in the first input area of the 3D CAD layout setting sheet Enter the data
(B) The basic plan view of the building corresponding to the basic data is displayed by the three-dimensional CAD,
The basic plan view can be moved on a three-dimensional CAD and stretched in the direction in which the dwelling unit is adjacent,
(C) The basic plan view stretched by the three-dimensional CAD is converted into a modified plan view of a building in which the number of dwelling units located in the middle among the plurality of dwelling units is increased,
In the second step of adjusting the stacking height,
(D) In the second input area of the frame building block input sheet of the spreadsheet software, enter the floor number and dwelling unit type for each span of the modified plan view,
(E) The frame calculation block is displayed based on the floor number and the dwelling unit type input by the spreadsheet software.
(F) A block diagram creation method, wherein a block diagram of a building is displayed based on the modified plan view, the number of floors, and the dwelling unit type by the three-dimensional CAD.   6. The block according to claim 5, wherein in the third step, design data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building is created from the block diagram by the cooperation software. Drawing creation method.