JP6422716B2 - Fluidized bed equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed apparatus for granulating, coating, and drying a granular material in various fields such as pharmaceutical production, food production, and agricultural chemical production.

  Fluidized bed equipment is generally granulated, coated, and dried while forming a fluidized bed by floating and flowing powder particles in the processing chamber with gas (fluidized gas) introduced from the bottom of the processing chamber of the fluidized bed container. Is performed on the granular material. This type of fluidized bed apparatus includes those involving rolling, jetting, stirring and the like of granular particles (referred to as a combined fluidized bed apparatus).

  In this type of fluidized bed apparatus, in order to perform processing under optimum conditions, a heating means and a control unit for heating the gas supplied to the fluidized bed container are arranged so as to supply the gas heated to a predetermined temperature. (Patent Document 1).

JP 09-094455 A

  By the way, in recent years, the particle diameter of the granular material to be processed may be reduced, and the amount of gas supplied to the fluidized bed container may be reduced. Further, a damper for adjusting the gas supply amount, a shutoff valve for shutting off the gas supply path in an emergency, or the like may be added in the middle of the gas supply path between the heating means and the fluidized bed container. The distance from the fluidized bed container is long. Therefore, the gas heated by the heating means has a problem that the amount of heat is lost in the gas supply path, and the temperature of the gas is lowered when reaching the fluidized bed container. Here, when the fluidized bed apparatus is started up, preheat treatment is performed in order to bring the inside of the fluidized bed container to a predetermined temperature. Therefore, if the temperature of the gas supplied to the fluidized bed container is lowered, there is a problem that it takes time to raise the inside of the fluidized bed container to a predetermined temperature, resulting in time and energy loss.

  For example, it is conceivable to prevent the temperature of the gas from being lowered by increasing the amount of heated gas supplied to the fluidized bed container or by increasing the heating temperature by the heating means. However, these measures are not preferable from the viewpoint of energy efficiency because the energy required to heat the gas increases.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has a technical problem to provide a fluidized bed apparatus capable of suppressing a temperature drop of a heated gas in a gas supply path without increasing energy for heating the gas. To do.

  In order to solve the above problems, a fluidized bed apparatus according to the present invention includes a fluidized bed container that performs at least one of granulation, coating, and drying while floating and flowing a granular material with gas. In a fluidized bed apparatus including an air supply unit that supplies gas to a layered container, the air supply unit includes a heating unit that heats the gas to a predetermined temperature, and a gas that circulates the gas heated by the heating unit to the fluidized bed container It is characterized by comprising a supply path and an enclosure that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply path with a predetermined interval therebetween.

  According to such a configuration, the gas supply path through which the gas heated by the heating means flows is surrounded by the surrounding body with the predetermined interval portion therebetween, so that the heat insulating and heat retaining effect by the interval portion can be obtained. . Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature drop of the gas flowing through the gas supply path without increasing the energy for heating the gas in the heating means. Further, by providing such an enclosure in the gas supply path between the heating means and the fluidized bed container, the gas supply path can convert the gas heated by the heating means into a fluidized bed container without reducing the temperature. It becomes possible to supply. Furthermore, since the heated gas can be supplied to the fluidized bed container without lowering the temperature in this way, it is possible to shorten the preheating time when the fluidized bed apparatus is started up.

  In addition, a branching portion for branching a part of the gas passing through the gas supply passage into the interval portion, an exhaust passage connected to the fluidized bed container for exhausting the gas in the fluidized bed container, and the interval portion and the exhaust passage are connected. It is preferable to provide a bypass path. Thereby, in addition to the heated gas flowing in the gas supply path, a part of the heated gas is branched by the branch portion and passes through the interval portion between the gas supply path and the enclosure. Therefore, the temperature of the gas passing through the gas supply path can be maintained. Thus, the heated gas can be supplied to the fluidized bed container without lowering the temperature. At this time, since the gas branched in the branch part is a part of the heated gas exhausted through the bypass path, new energy is required to prevent the temperature of the gas in the gas supply path from being lowered. It's not something to do.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fluidized bed apparatus capable of suppressing the temperature drop of the heated gas in the gas supply path without increasing the energy for heating the gas. Become.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows typically the fluidized bed apparatus concerning 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows typically the fluidized bed apparatus concerning 2nd embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a fluidized bed apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a fluidized bed apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a cylindrical fluidized bed container 10, an air supply unit 20 that supplies gas into the fluidized bed container 10, and a fluidized bed container. 10 and an exhaust part 30 for exhausting the gas in 10. In addition, the mutual positional relationship of the fluidized bed container 10, the air supply part 20, and the exhaust part 30 is not limited to the arrangement | positioning shown in FIG.

  The fluidized bed container 10 is divided into an air supply chamber 11, a processing chamber 12 for granulating or coating the granular material M, and an exhaust chamber 13 in order from the bottom. The air supply chamber 11 and the processing chamber 12 are partitioned by a gas dispersion plate 14 made of a perforated plate (or metal mesh) such as punching metal. A gas such as hot air is supplied to the air supply chamber 11 from the air supply unit 20 (arrow A in the figure), and this gas is introduced into the processing chamber 12 via the gas dispersion plate 14 (arrow B in the figure). ).

  The processing chamber 12 is provided with a spray nozzle (not shown) for spraying a spray liquid (film agent liquid, binder liquid, etc.), and the powder M is suspended and flowed by the gas supplied from the air supply chamber 11. However, granulation or coating is performed.

  The processing chamber 12 and the exhaust chamber 13 communicate with each other via a solid-gas separation filter unit 15. Then, after the gas is separated from the gas-solid mixed gas containing the granular material M in the processing chamber 12 by the filter unit 15, the separated gas is introduced into the exhaust chamber 13 (arrow C in the figure). ). In the present embodiment, a ring-shaped seal portion (not shown) provided on the inner peripheral surface of the fluidized bed container 10 is brought into contact with the filter portion 15 so that the processing chamber 12 and the exhaust chamber 13 are separated from each other. It has been. The filter unit 15 includes a plurality of bag filters and a filter support unit (not shown) that supports the plurality of bag filters in a suspended manner.

  The air supply unit 20 includes a heating unit 21 as a heating unit that incorporates a heater that heats a gas (air) sucked by an air supply blower (not shown) to a predetermined temperature, and a gas heated by the heating unit 21 in a fluidized bed container. The gas supply path 22 is made to circulate through the ten air supply chambers 11. The gas supply path 22 is formed of a tubular metal body such as stainless steel. In the present embodiment, the gas supply path 22 is connected to the side surface of the air supply chamber 11 of the fluidized bed container 10 so that gas can flow.

  In addition, the gas supply path 22 is provided with a surrounding body 23 that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply path 22 with a predetermined interval portion D1 therebetween. The enclosure 23 is formed of a metal body such as stainless steel. Thus, a double pipe is formed by the gas supply path 22 and the enclosure 23. In the present embodiment, the space D1 between the gas supply path 22 and the enclosure 23 is filled with air.

  On the other hand, the exhaust unit 30 has an exhaust path 31 that is connected to the exhaust chamber 13 of the fluidized bed container 10 and exhausts the gas in the fluidized bed container 10, and a dust collector or an exhaust blower (not shown) is connected to the exhaust path 31. Is done.

  Next, the operation of the fluidized bed apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described.

  First, when processing the granular material M in the fluidized bed container 10 of the fluidized bed apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the granular material M accommodated in the processing chamber 12 moves the gas dispersion plate 14. It is floated and flowed by the gas introduced into the fluidized bed container 10 via A spray liquid (film agent liquid, binder liquid, etc.) is sprayed from a spray nozzle (not shown) to the powder M to be suspended and flowed. In this state, the powder M is wetted by the spray liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle, for example, the mist of the film liquid, and at the same time, the solid component contained in the film liquid adheres to the surface of the powder M and is dried. It solidifies and a coating layer is formed on the surface of the powder M (coating). Further, if the type of the spray liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle is changed to, for example, a binder liquid, the granular material M moistened by the mist of the spray liquid grows by adhering and agglomerating, dried and particles having a predetermined diameter Is obtained (granulation).

  The solid-gas mixed gas containing the granular material M rising in the processing chamber 12 during the coating of the granular material M and the processing such as granulation is solidified by the bag filter of the filter unit 15. The separated gas is introduced into the exhaust chamber 13 and discharged to the outside of the fluidized bed container 10 through the exhaust passage 31. Furthermore, after performing the above-described series of processing of the powder particles M, a wiping operation and a cleaning process for wiping off the fine powder adhering to the bag filter are performed.

  Hereinafter, the details of the gas heat treatment in the air supply unit 20 will be described. In the air supply unit 20, gas (air) sucked by an air supply blower (not shown) is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating unit 21. The gas heated to a predetermined temperature passes through the gas supply path 22 and is supplied to the air supply chamber 11 of the fluidized bed container 10.

  The gas heated in the heating unit 21 circulates inside the gas supply path 22. At this time, a surrounding body 23 is provided around the gas supply path 22 so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply path 22 with a predetermined interval portion D1 therebetween, and the interval portion D1 is filled with air. . Therefore, the gas supply path 22 can suppress the loss of the amount of heat of the heated gas that passes through the inside of the gas supply path 22 due to the heat insulation and heat insulation effect by the air of the interval portion D1. Thereby, the gas heated by the heating unit 21 can be supplied to the air supply chamber 11 of the fluidized bed container 10 without lowering the temperature.

  Here, when the fluidized bed apparatus 1 is started up, preheat treatment is performed in order to bring the inside of the fluidized bed container 10 to a predetermined temperature. Therefore, if the gas heated by the heating unit 21 supplied to the fluidized bed container 10 dissipates heat in the gas supply path 22 and the temperature drops, the inside of the fluidized bed container 10 is raised to a predetermined temperature. It takes time, resulting in time and energy loss. However, in the fluidized bed apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the gas heated by the heating unit 21 reduces the amount of heat dissipated in the gas supply path 22, so that the air supply chamber of the fluidized bed container 10 does not decrease the temperature. 11 can be supplied. As a result, the preheating time of the fluidized bed apparatus 1 can be shortened.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the surrounding body 23 may surround the gas supply path 22 between the heating unit 21 and the fluidized bed container 10 as a whole, and a part of the gas supply path 22. May be surrounded. Moreover, the space | interval part D1 formed between the gas supply path 22 and the surrounding body 23 is not restricted to filling with air, A vacuum state may be sufficient, and you may fill with a heat insulating material. Anyway, since the space | interval part D1 has a heat insulation and heat retention effect with respect to the gas supply path 22, it can suppress the temperature fall of the gas which passes the inside of the gas supply path 22. FIG.

  Then, the fluidized bed apparatus 2 concerning 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical fluidized bed container 40, an air supply unit 50 that supplies gas into the fluidized bed container 40, and an exhaust unit that exhausts the gas in the fluidized bed container 40. 60, and a bypass unit 70 as a bypass path connecting the air supply unit 50 and the exhaust unit 60. In addition, since the fluidized bed container 40 is the same as the fluidized bed container 10 in the above-mentioned embodiment, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, the mutual positional relationship of the fluidized bed container 40, the air supply part 50, the exhaust part 60, and the bypass part 70 is not limited to the arrangement | positioning shown in FIG.

  The air supply unit 50 includes a heating unit 51 including a heater that heats a gas sucked by an air supply blower (not shown) to a predetermined temperature, and the gas heated by the heating unit 51 to the air supply chamber 41 of the fluidized bed container 40. And a gas supply path 52 to be circulated. The gas supply path 52 is connected to the air supply chamber 41 of the fluidized bed container 40 (in this embodiment, the bottom surface of the air supply chamber 41) so that gas can flow. An air supply damper 53 that adjusts the flow rate and flow rate of the gas supplied to the air supply chamber 41 is connected to the upstream gas supply path 52 of the fluidized bed container 40.

  In addition, the gas supply path 52 is provided with a surrounding body 54 that surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply path 52 with a predetermined distance D2. Further, the gas supply path 52 is formed with a branch portion 55 that branches a part of the gas passing through the gas supply path 52 into the interval portion D2. As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the branch portion 55 is formed between the heating unit 51 and the enclosure 54, and the branch path 55 a branched by the branch portion 55 is located upstream of the enclosure 54. The gas is connected to the supply port 54a formed on the side surface so that the gas can flow.

On the other hand, on the downstream side of the enclosure 54, a discharge port 54b is formed on the end face, and the bypass part 70 is connected. Here, the bypass unit 70 includes a bypass passage 71 through which gas flows and a bypass damper 72 that adjusts the flow rate and flow velocity of the flowing gas.

  The exhaust part 60 has an exhaust path 61 that is connected to the exhaust chamber 42 of the fluidized bed container 40 and exhausts the gas in the fluidized bed container 40, and a merging part 62 where the bypass path 71 joins in the middle of the exhaust path 61. Is formed. An exhaust damper 63 that adjusts the flow rate and flow rate of the exhausted gas is disposed in the exhaust path 61 immediately downstream of the exhaust chamber 42 of the fluidized bed apparatus 2.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the fluidized bed apparatus 2 in the present embodiment will be described. In the gas heating process in the air supply unit 50, the gas sucked by an air supply blower (not shown) is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating unit 51 as in the above-described embodiment. The gas heated to a predetermined temperature branches at the branching portion 55, and one gas passes through the gas supply path 52 and is supplied to the air supply chamber 41 of the fluidized bed container 40.

  The other gas branched at the branching portion 55 passes through the branching passage 55a and is supplied from the supply port 54a to the interval portion D2. Here, the gap portion D <b> 2 is formed around the gas supply path 52. Therefore, the temperature drop of the gas passing through the inside of the gas supply path 52 can be suppressed by the gas supplied to the interval portion D2. Specifically, the gas in the space D2 is a part of the gas heated by the heating unit 51 and has the same temperature as the gas passing through the inside of the gas supply path 52. Therefore, the gas in the gas supply path 52 Loss of heat can be prevented. Thereby, the temperature of the gas in the gas supply path 52 can be reliably maintained at a predetermined temperature.

  The gas in the interval portion D2 passes through the bypass passage 71 of the bypass portion 70 from the discharge port 54b, joins the exhaust passage 61 of the exhaust portion 60, and is exhausted. The bypass unit 70 is provided to adjust the amount of gas supplied to the fluidized bed container 40. The amount of gas supplied to the fluidized bed container 40 is adjusted by appropriately adjusting each of the bypass damper 72, the air supply damper 53, and the exhaust damper 63 arranged at various places. In the present embodiment, conventionally, the gas that passes through the bypass portion and is discarded is used to prevent the temperature of the gas in the gas supply path 52 from decreasing by passing the gap portion D2. Thus, the temperature of the gas flowing through the gas supply path 52 can be maintained without using a new heat source or using heating energy.

  In this embodiment, the gas branched by the branch part 55 is supplied to the space | interval part D2 from the supply port 54a of the enclosure 54 through the branch path 55a, However, it is not restricted to this. For example, a part of the gas passing through the gas supply path 52 may be directly branched into the interval portion D2 by forming an opening in the gas supply path 52 in the region surrounded by the enclosure 54. In this case, the branch portion is formed by the opening formed in the gas supply path 52.

  Also in the present embodiment, the envelope body 54 may surround the gas supply path 52 between the heating unit 51 and the fluidized bed container 40 throughout. In this case, it is preferable to form a discharge port 54 b for flowing the gas in the space D <b> 2 to the bypass path 71 on the side surface on the downstream side of the enclosure 54. Anyway, since the space | interval part D2 has a heat retention effect with respect to the gas supply path 52, the temperature fall of the gas which passes the inside of the gas supply path 52 can be suppressed.

  As described above, the fluidized bed apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes the gas supply path 22 for allowing the gas heated by the heating unit 21 to flow through the fluidized bed container 10 in the air supply unit 20, and the gas supply path 22. And a surrounding body 23 that surrounds the outer peripheral surface with a predetermined distance D1 therebetween. Thereby, since the heat insulation effect can be given to the space | interval part D1 between the gas supply path 22 and the enclosure 23, the temperature fall of the gas which passes the gas supply path 22 can be suppressed. Therefore, even if the amount of gas supplied to the fluidized bed container 10 decreases or the distance between the heating unit 21 that heats the gas and the air supply chamber 11 of the fluidized bed container 10 increases, The air can be supplied to the air supply chamber 11 of the fluidized bed container 10 without lowering the temperature. At this time, since the amount of gas to be supplied is not increased or the heating temperature by the heating unit 21 is not increased, the energy for heating the gas is not increased.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the inner pipe of the double pipe part in the air supply part is connected to the side surface or the bottom surface of the air supply chamber of the fluidized bed container so that gas can flow. It is not limited to the example in the embodiment, and the inner pipe of the double pipe section may be connected to either the side surface or the bottom surface of the air supply chamber of the fluidized bed container.

  Here, since the fluidized bed apparatus according to the present invention uses a powdery substance, an explosion such as a dust explosion may occur during storage or processing. Therefore, even if an explosion occurs, a fluidized bed provided with a closed device or a fluidized bed container formed of a relatively thick wall member that can withstand explosion pressure so that the content components are not released to the outside. A device may be used. Therefore, the fluidized bed apparatus according to the present invention may be composed of a member having explosion resistance. In this case, it is preferable that the gas supply path in the air supply unit is composed of a member having explosion resistance.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the fluidized bed apparatus 1 as described above, and can be similarly applied to a composite fluidized bed apparatus such as a rolling fluidized bed apparatus or a Wurster type fluidized bed apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed apparatus 10 Fluidized bed container 20 Air supply part 21 Heating unit (heating means)
22 Gas supply path 23 Enclosure D Spacing part M Granule

Claims (1)

A fluidized bed comprising: a fluidized bed container that performs at least one of granulation, coating, and drying while floating and flowing the granular material with gas; and an air supply unit that supplies the gas to the fluidized bed container In the device
The air supply unit includes a heating unit that heats the gas to a predetermined temperature, a gas supply path that circulates the gas heated by the heating unit to the fluidized bed container, and an outer peripheral surface of the gas supply path at a predetermined interval. An enclosure that surrounds the part,
A branching part for branching a part of the gas passing through the gas supply path into the spacing part;
An exhaust passage connected to the fluidized bed container and exhausting the gas in the fluidized bed container;
A bypass path connecting the spacing portion and the exhaust path ,
The gas branched at the branching portion is supplied to the spacing portion from the portion of the spacing portion on the upstream side and from the portion of the spacing portion on the downstream side with respect to the direction of the gas flow passing through the gas supply path. A fluidized bed apparatus that circulates in the bypass path .

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