JP6433030B2 - Partial denture - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a partial denture that can be easily detached and can be stably attached, and has high durability, and in particular, can be obtained a comfortable wearing state in which the bulk is scraped to reduce the size. It relates to partial dentures.

The partial denture includes an artificial tooth that substitutes for a missing tooth, and includes a denture base that is in close contact with the ridge mucosa and a maintenance device that is attached to a tooth that is a remaining tooth. The partial denture needs to have the following three actions (Non-Patent Document 1).
(A1) Supporting action resisting occlusal pressure (A2) Maintenance action resisting detachment force (A3) Grasping action resisting horizontal force applied to denture

The problems of traditional partial dentures are summarized as follows.
1. A metal clasp that grips and strongly restrains the toothed hook is formed on the mounting device that is attached to the toothed tooth that is the remaining tooth for maintenance and gripping. For this reason, a big burden was applied to the tooth decay and the deterioration of the tooth decay was sometimes accelerated. In addition, due to the strong restraint, the feeling of wearing was bad, and there were many examples in which the partial denture was used at the beginning, but then stopped immediately.
2. When a rest is provided, it is necessary to provide a groove-like rest fossa (ka) that accommodates the rest on the top of the tooth decay by tooth removal. If this tooth is removed, cold water pain and pulpitis may be induced. In addition, when there is a problem in fitting the rest into the rest fossa, the denture base does not sufficiently contact the ridge mucosa (the part after the restored missing tooth) and a gap is created. The gap between the ridge mucosa and the back surface of the denture base is difficult to recognize clearly. Even if there is a gap, the denture appears to be stably fixed, and the mounting is continued in that state. Food residues, granular materials, etc., entered the gaps, damaging the ridge mucosa and causing ulcers.
3. In a partial denture using an old clasp, a three-dimensional metal clasp having a metallic luster is often exposed on the front side. For this reason, the metallic luster is conspicuous, and there is a problem in terms of aesthetics, particularly in the front tooth portion.
4). Since the metallic luster had a problem in terms of aesthetics, a non-clasp denture was proposed in which a metal clasp was not used and strong restraint on the tooth decay was eliminated, and the maintenance device was configured only with resin. However, if the maintenance device is configured only by the resin without properly fitting the tooth with the metal member, the resin wing must be greatly enlarged so as to cover the gingival part under the remaining tooth. . For this reason, a partial denture, especially a denture base becomes large (large), and there is a problem that unpleasant feeling at the time of wearing is strong and maintenance power is not sufficient.

<1. ~ 4. To overcome the problem>
In order to overcome the above problem, a semicircle that fits a C-shaped or semi-arc-shaped concave portion including two metal arms to the root of a tooth without using a three-dimensionally constrained metal clasp or rest A new concept partial denture having at least one arc-shaped recess has been proposed by the same inventors as the present invention (Patent Documents 1 and 2). According to the partial denture based on this new concept, the semicircular arc-shaped concave portion including the left and right metal arms branched from the fixed portion into both arms is fitted so as to be applied to the root of the toothed tooth. For this reason, there is almost no restraint on the tooth decay, and the force to tilt against the tooth decay (side-down moment) does not occur in any state, and as a result, the burden on the tooth decay can be dramatically reduced. I can do it now. In addition, in order to fit the band-like surface of the metal arm so as to be applied to the root of the tooth decay, even a weak tooth decay has been confirmed to be reinforced by the semicircular arc-shaped recess and regain its vitality. For this reason, even if there is only one toothed hook and one of them is wobbling, it is possible to provide a partial denture that makes the toothed tooth last longer by fitting and fitting it to the root of the toothed tooth. Further, since the length of the cheek side (front side) arm of the left and right metal arms is shortened, it is excellent in aesthetics. Since these metal arms are manufactured integrally with a connector (paratal bar, lingual bar, etc.) by metal casting, they will be referred to as cast metal arms, cast C-shaped metal arms, etc. in the following description.

  The present inventor uses a cylindrical body or a ring body as a fitting body in order to secure the mounting stability further than the prototype partial denture, and fits the cylindrical body or the ring body to the root portion of the toothed tooth. A partial denture is proposed (Patent Documents 3 and 4). Compared to a partial denture of Cornus telescope type, the fitting body is a ring body, etc., so that the top of the tooth is exposed and easy to adjust the occlusion, and when the tooth is a vital tooth, it is necessary to remove the nerve The durability can be greatly improved. Even when a toothed hook covering is provided on the toothed hook, since the side peripheral surface is covered instead of the whole, the durability of the remaining tooth that becomes the toothed tooth is not impaired. In addition, the stability of the mounting structure can be greatly improved by using a ring body or the like as the fitting body.

Revised Osborne Partial Denture Ishiyaku Publishing Co., Ltd., July 1977, p.166

Japanese Patent No. 3928102 WO2006 / 131969 A1 JP 2013-323 A JP 2013-324 A

  There is a need for a partial denture that is easier to attach and detach than the partial denture improved from the above-mentioned Konus telescope type partial denture, and that can be kept compact and comfortable in a stable state by removing bulk. ing. An object of the present invention is to provide a partial denture that is easy to attach and detach, can provide a stable and comfortable wearing state, and has high durability.

The partial denture of the present invention includes an artificial tooth, a denture base, a metal connecting band embedded over the denture base, and one or a plurality of fitting portions for fitting to a toothed tooth. The partial denture is provided with a concave curved portion that is curved so as to form a concave space for accommodating the toothed teeth in the denture base in one of the fitting portions. A wire of a drawn metal wire is disposed in the part, and the wire is embedded in the denture base both at the ends and partially as a whole and exposed from the denture base of the wire. And the concave curved portion are arranged so as to surround the space, and the portion of the wire exposed from the denture base and the concave curved portion are fitted on the root side of the raised portion of the tooth decay. And a maintenance force is applied to the partial denture .

The partial denture of the present invention may have one fitting part or two or more fitting parts. In the partial denture of the present invention, the fitting portion includes a function of an alignment preceding fitting portion (sometimes referred to as “key portion”) and a fitting completion fixing portion (sometimes referred to as “lock portion”). If there are two or more mating parts, each mating part will divide and share each function, but if there is only one mating part, that one mating part The mesial side and the centrifugal side share the above two functions.
<A1>: In most cases where the number of fitting portions is two or more, the fitting portion in which the wire is disposed is a fitting completion fixing portion (locking portion). The lock portion is fitted to the toothed hook by drawing a locus of an arc with the positioning preceding fitting portion (key portion) as a fulcrum. During this fitting, the partial denture has elasticity, so it fits over the elastic deformation so that it snaps into the fitting part of the toothed hook (the range including the root side of the ridge). Designed to fit. In other words, when the lock part fits in a stable position while contacting the ridge of the toothed hook, the ridge is slightly protruding, and the lock part cannot be passed while rubbing the ridge if the entire partial denture does not elastically deform. ing. When it is placed in a stable position while being elastically deformed, it feels like clicking, clicking, or clicking. The elasticity of the partial denture originates from a resin-made denture base or a metal connecting band embedded therein. After fitting and fitting, when the food is occluded, the partial denture is subjected to a separation force parallel to the tooth axis, so the lock part fitted in the circular arc track is blocked by the raised part of the toothed tooth and has sufficient maintenance force It can be demonstrated. That is, it is possible to exert a sufficient maintenance force against withdrawal. Since the key part is first fitted under the ridges of the toothed teeth, it is clear that there is a significant contribution to the maintenance force.
Conventionally, a cast C-shaped metal arm (clasp) has been used for the lock portion, as with the key portion. However, although the cast C-shaped arm keeps the attachment state of the partial denture firmly, it is bulky and heavy, and often causes difficulty when the patient removes the partial denture himself. In addition, since it is made of cast iron, pores such as shrinkage nests exist inside it and are easily damaged.
(Wire Arrangement Form): In the present invention, in the lock part, the wire embedded in the denture base plays a unique and important role at both ends of the lock portion and partially as a whole. The portion exposed from the denture base of the wire having such an arrangement form and the concave curved portion (the portion of the denture base in which the wire is embedded) are fitted to the toothed teeth to form a lock portion. By embedding both ends of the wire in the denture base, it is possible to shorten the free portion of the wire and improve the rigidity of the fitting portion of the lock portion to the tooth, making it difficult to deform. A wire is a dental metal wire made of various alloys that has been drawn or drawn, has a round (circle) cross section, and is commercially available as a wire clasp wire. However, in the present invention, it is not used as a clasp but is used in the form as described above. That is, in the clasp (wire clasp), both ends of the wire are complicatedly entangled with the toothed teeth and restrained so as to generate a maintenance force and the like, so that both ends of the wire are exposed on the surface of the toothed tooth like the tip of the ivy and terminate. In the present invention, both ends of the wire are securely embedded in the denture base, so that the rigidity of the wire is increased, and a gentle curve is drawn on the lower side of the ridges of the tooth decay to maintain the force, etc. It contributes to the improvement. As a result, a stable mounting state can be obtained using a general-purpose member called a wire instead of a cast metal. For example, when a cast wire is used, the wire surface has a complicated surface shape, and the adjustment must be complicated. The contact resistance between the surface of the toothed hook and such a casting wire is increased, and smooth desorption is not expected.
(Wire processing): The wire clasp has high hardness. Such high-hardness wires are processed and placed and fixed on a partial denture model with a metal coupling band while adjusting the shape mainly by bending deformation using pliers, pliers, etc. A floor is provided. Do not process wires in the patient's mouth. When adapting to a tooth in the patient's mouth, remove the gap while applying a rebase, etc., if necessary, to the parts of the denture base such as the concave curved part of the denture base and the surrounding teeth. Finish the adjustment. This adjustment can provide high durability while obtaining a comfortable fitting state. Moreover, since the wire is not bulky and light, and is rounded and smooth, it is possible to easily attach and detach it while scraping the outer shape to reduce the size. High hardness provides a high degree of resistance to deformation and durability, even if it is not bulky and light and smooth.
The wire of the present invention may be manufactured by any manufacturing method, but it should be sufficiently hard to be used as a wire clasp and be bent using pliers or pliers. . Usually, a cast alloy or a forged alloy piece is drawn while passing through a die having an appropriate hole diameter, and sequentially processed into a target wire diameter through a die having a small hole diameter. In this drawing, intense processing is applied, the shrinkage nest is pressed and a unidirectional texture is formed, and a tenacious, hard and strong wire is formed. After this, there is a case where heat treatment for tempering is performed and a case where it is not performed. Usually, tempering is performed at a low temperature, but if the temperature is relatively low even after tempering, the work-cured state of the drawing process is maintained, the hardness is maintained, and it is difficult to deform, and toughness Is further improved. High hardness may be obtained by precipitation hardening due to precipitates in the alloy. In short, any method may be used as long as high hardness and bending workability using pliers or pliers can be obtained. As the hardness, it is only necessary to have a level of hardness that a commercially available wire clasp has. The same applies to bending workability.
The metal (alloy) wire is a general-purpose dental metal wire (wire clasp wire) and has a circular cross section before being used for partial dentures. Distortion may have occurred. However, even if it is incorporated into a partial denture, the strain is small enough that it can be seen at first glance that the material is a wire manufactured in the above process (alloy wire having a circular cross section). Such an alloy wire is commercially available as a dental clasp wire as described above, and a Co—Cr alloy or the like is common. The material is not particularly limited. Custom-made metal wires such as platinum-plated metal may be used. The diameter of the wire may be any diameter as long as it is the above-described dental wire, but a preferable diameter is in the range of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm. If the diameter exceeds 1.5 mm, it is difficult to process due to its high hardness, and if the top of the wire is placed between the tooth that comes out and the next tooth, it is necessary to form a groove. As a result, full-scale grinding is required, which is not preferable for the durability of the teeth. If the diameter is less than 0.3 mm, it tends to be deformed, and the contribution to improving the maintenance force becomes small.

<A2>: When there is one special fitting portion, the fitting portion on which the wire is arranged has two functions of a lock portion and a key portion. For example, a case in which a partial denture having an artificial tooth at the back (No. 7) is extremely miniaturized and a comfortable wearing state is to be stably secured is an example. Further, the case where there are 13 teeth missing and only 1 tooth remains as a toothed tooth corresponds to this example. In these cases, the key portion and the lock portion are arranged so as to face each other with a space for accommodating the toothed teeth. The fitting structure in the partial denture, for example, the structure in which the lock part draws an arc orbit and fits over the elastic deformation peak in the fitting part is basically the same as the above <a1>. There are also differences that reflect the differences in structure. For example, not all of the key portion may be in contact with the root side of the toothed ridge. If the predetermined part of the key part is in contact with the lower part of the bulge, maintenance is sufficiently ensured by a small partial denture having only one artificial tooth by the maintenance force due to the fitting of the lock part. Moreover, since such a structure is concentrated and arranged in one fitting part, it may be difficult to clearly distinguish the key part and the lock part.
In the past, it can be said that none of the partial dentures (partial dentures with one missing tooth) having an artificial tooth at the innermost part (No. 7) has ensured a comfortable wearing state stably. The effect of the partial denture in <a2> is remarkable. That is, by cutting down the seventh denture partial denture to an unprecedented level and reducing the size, a comfortable and stable wearing state can be obtained, and attachment / detachment is facilitated. On the contrary, even in the case of a partial denture with 13 teeth missing and only the innermost part (No. 7) remaining, which is a toothed tooth, it is easy to detach and obtain a stable and comfortable wearing state. be able to. In any case, there is only one fitting part, and the wire plays a big role in the fitting part depending on its arrangement form, shape and hardness (hardness to deform). The (a wire arrangement form) and the (wire processing) in <a1> described above can be directly applied to <a2>. When there is one fitting portion, both ends of the wire are completely embedded in the denture base, and the portion of the wire exposed from the denture base thereon, the concave curved portion of the denture base in which the wire is embedded, Therefore, unless it takes a form that fits into the toothed hook, it cannot be made so small, and a stable mounting state cannot be obtained.

  In both cases <a1> and <a2>, the ends of the wires may be connected to each other in the denture base so as to form a loop as a whole including the embedded portion. However, both ends may be open ends in the denture base with the ends remaining respectively. However, the portion exposed from the denture base must be a single continuous wire of the same cross-sectional shape that exits the denture base and enters the denture base. There should be no seams in exposed areas. This is to ensure smooth contact between the toothed teeth and the exposed wire at the time of detachment. As long as the wire is arranged so as to surround the space when seen in a plan view, the wire may have any shape when viewed from the lateral direction, and may be bent in the tooth axis direction. Of course, it may be arcuate so as to surround the toothed teeth when viewed horizontally and horizontal when viewed from the side. Since the portion where the wire is embedded in the denture base acts as a hard core at the upper edge of the denture base such as the concave curved portion, it is possible to improve the contribution to the maintenance action and the like by the concave curved portion.

The wire may be connected to the metal coupling band at an embedded portion thereof.
By fixing an appropriate portion of the wire to the metal coupling band by brazing or laser welding, fine adjustment deformation can be applied so as to further fit the patient's teeth with the fixing portion as a base point. The connection point of the wire with the metal coupling band may be the end of the wire, or may be a portion that enters from the end. In the latter case, the end of the wire is embedded and floating in the denture base.
The metal connection band usually includes a metal connection band corresponding to a trunk and a branch, but there are cases where it is difficult to recognize that there is a clear branch part. The metal coupling band corresponds to what is called a paratal bar in the case of a partial denture of the upper jaw and a lingual bar in the case of a partial denture of the lower jaw, and a large connector corresponds to the metal coupling band. The branch portion corresponds to a small connector or the like. Metal tie strips shall include all of these.
In both cases <a1> and <a2>, any of the embedded portions of the wire in the denture base may be connected to the metal coupling band or may float in the denture base. If the wire is not connected to the metal band, when force is applied to the wire in the partial denture, the wire will straddle the denture base on the scaffold, and if it is connected to the metal band, If the floor is used as a scaffolding but a large force is applied, the metal connecting band can also be used as a scaffold.

Another engaging portion different from the fitting part pre-Symbol wires are arranged, e further Bei, the fitting portion of said another, and鉤歯the fitting portion to which the wire is arranged to fit in A concave portion for fitting to different toothed teeth is formed in the denture base, and a concave surface forming metal arm extending in a lateral direction in an arm shape is disposed over a part or the whole of the concave surface, and the wire is It may not be arranged.
In this case, the number of fitting portions is two or more, which corresponds to the case of <a1>, and the configuration of the key portion is defined here. The concave surface forming metal arm may be supported by being partially embedded (supported part) in the denture base, but it is usually connected to the metal connection band, especially when it is integrally cast with the metal connection band There are many. The concave surface forming metal arm may have any shape as long as it extends in the lateral direction like an arm and has a concave surface, and may have a claw shape.
When there are two or more fitting portions, the concave surface forming metal arm provided in the other fitting portion forms an alignment preceding fitting portion (key portion). In this case, the concave surface portion and the concave surface-forming metal arm disposed thereon are designed to fit in a range including the root side of the raised portion of the toothed tooth. Since the key part is blocked by the raised part of the toothed hook against the detaching force applied in parallel with the tooth axis direction of the tooth, it exerts the action of preventing the detachment together with the lock part, so it can contribute to the maintenance force improvement. .
The concave surface forming metal arm is a cast metal as described above, and is connected to the metal connection band via a branch portion of the metal connection band. That is, in most cases, the metal connecting strip-the branch portion-concave surface forming metal arm is integrally cast. Compared to the concave surface portion (resin) of the denture base, the height or width of the concave surface forming metal arm positioned so as to be included therein is smaller than the height of the denture base. In addition, one concave surface forming metal arm may be disposed along the entire concave surface, or one partially or two separately may be disposed.

The fitting portion of the better pre Symbol wires are arranged, the metal concave portion of the plate-shaped or claw-like may be provided with a concave surface along the concave surface of the concave curved portion.
Thus, in the case of the above <a1>, this metal concave surface portion cooperates with the wire of the portion embedded in the concave curved portion of the denture base and touches the lower portion of the dental caries to maintain the locking portion. Work can be strengthened. In this case, the metal concave portion is often covered with the denture base, and is located on a surface that is shallower than the embedment depth of the wire and close to the tooth. The closer to the surface of the denture base, the greater the enhancement of the function of the lock portion of the metal concave portion. The metal concave surface portion may have any outer shape as long as it has a concave surface, and may have a plate shape or a claw shape.
The difference between the concave surface forming metal arm and the metal concave surface portion is as follows. The concave surface-forming metal arm is typically a metal arm that rises from the metal connection band and extends in the lateral direction, or a metal arm that extends in a C shape to the left and right (expands in both arms in the lateral direction). In short, the concave surface forming metal arm extends in a lateral direction like an arm (arm). And the other feature is that the back side is often rounded slightly in the shape of a paddle. On the other hand, the metal concave surface portion does not have such a rounded shape on the back surface and takes the form of a normal metal piece or metal claw. And although it is often long in the horizontal direction, it is not as long as an arm.

Comprises only one fitting portion to which the wire is placed, other not provided with a fitting portion, the fitting portion to which the wire is placed (in addition to the fitting portion of the fitting portion In addition, there may be provided a plate-like or claw-like metal concave surface having a concave surface along the concave surface of the concave curved portion, or a concave surface forming metal arm extending in the lateral direction in an arm shape. .
In the case of the above <a2>, only one fitting portion must have both the key portion and the lock portion. A partial denture can be remarkably made small by giving both actions to only one fitting part. For example, a partial denture having a defect only in the innermost portion (No. 7) cannot be removed from the idea of providing two fitting portions, and there has been a limit to downsizing. However, the wire and the metal concave part or the wire and the concave metal arm are arranged in the same one fitting part, and the action of both the key and the lock is made as “wire, metal concave part and concave curved part of the denture base” or By making it "wire, concave surface forming metal arm and concave curved part of denture base", it was possible to realize a comfortable wearing sensation with a groundbreaking miniaturization. Here, the wire is in the form of an arrangement that is embedded in the denture base at both ends and partially as a whole.
The metal concave surface or concave metal arm is fitted (abutted) under the raised portion of the toothed tooth in cooperation with the embedded portion of the wire and the concave curved portion of the denture base to enhance the function of the lock portion. Can do. In this case, the metal concave surface portion or the concave surface forming metal arm is often covered with the denture base, and is located on the surface closer to the toothed tooth than the embedded depth of the wire. The closer to the surface of the denture base, the greater the enhancement of the function of the lock part such as the metal concave part.
In addition, when there is only one fitting portion, if there is a partial denture having three of a wire, a concave curved portion of the denture base, and (a metal concave surface portion or a concave surface forming metal arm), this is a portion defined here Applies to dentures.

Comprises only one fitting portion to which the wire is placed, other not provided with a fitting portion, the fitting portion in which the wire is arranged a plate-shaped or nail-shaped metallic concave portion A concave surface-forming metal arm extending in the lateral direction in the shape of an arm is disposed along the centrifuge-mesial or mesial-centrifugal, so that the metal concave surface portion follows the concave surface of the concave curved portion. located in, the metal concave portion and the concave surface forming the metal arm is located so as to face each other between said space, while the wire is passed around the concave curved portion, said concave surface forming metal and the metal concave portion You may expose from this concave curved part between arms .
Thus, in the case of <a2>, it is possible to facilitate the detachment while ensuring a more stable maintenance force.

The portion of the wire that is exposed from the denture base has a top that is at the same level as the top surface of the artificial tooth, and the top at the same level is a groove between the tooth and the adjacent tooth. You may make it fit in a part.
This can prevent the partial denture from sinking due to occlusion or the like. Traditionally, a rest or the like has been provided to prevent settlement due to occlusal pressure, but the rest is provided with a rest ridge on the self-supporting tooth. In this case, in the case of a living tooth, the nerve is removed. For this reason, the durability of the self-supporting teeth is significantly impaired. The wire is tough, stiff and smooth, and above all a thin circular cross section, so if there is a small gap between the tooth and the adjacent tooth, it can be easily placed without greatly changing the meshing adjustment . This makes it possible to prevent subsidence due to occlusal pressure with a very simple mechanism. The groove portion between the teeth means that the edge of the top surface of the tooth is rounded, and a groove enough to accommodate the wire is easily formed between the top portions of adjacent teeth. There may be only natural grooves or a little enamel.
In addition, when the wire of the part exposed from the denture base has the top part as described above, the top part should extend between the cheek side and the lower side between the tooth decay and the adjacent tooth. become. That is, it is located along the thickness direction or depth direction of the tooth.
As a result, not only the above-described support function but also the gripping force by the wire can be improved. In order to obtain such an action, the wire needs to have high hardness, and a dental wire that is work-hardened by drawing is suitable.

Portion exposed from the denture of the wire, V-shaped, and have a U-shaped or J-shaped portion, the bottom of these characters is in contact with the lower side of the contoured portion of the鉤歯, said lower It may be located so that it may touch the circumference of this ridge .
Thereby, the part corresponding to the bottom part (lower part) of V-shape, U-shape, and J-shape can be positioned so as to be in contact with the range including the lower side of the carious ridge with the lateral direction part (horizontal part), The maintenance power can be improved with a simple configuration. A structure in which two oblique parts that are V-shaped parts, J-shaped or U-shaped oblique parts and longitudinal parts are located in contact with the range including the lower part together with the lateral part is formed. It is easy to do, and the wire is hard and strong, which contributes to the improvement of the maintenance force. Compared with the conventional structure in which the maintenance force is ensured only by the C-shaped arm, the wire is thin and the cross section is circular and smooth, so the ease of attaching and detaching the partial denture is obvious.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a partial denture that is easy to attach and detach, can provide a stable and comfortable wearing state, and has high durability.

It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 1 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. It is a plaster model which shows the state of the tooth before mounting a partial denture. (A) is the figure which looked at the partial denture of FIG. 1 from the back surface side, (b) shows a metal part compared with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). FIG. It is the figure which looked at the metal component of FIG.3 (b) so that it might look up from the mesial side and a little from the cheek side. It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 2 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. (A) is the figure which looked at the partial denture shown in FIG. 5 from the bottom side, (b) is a metal part compared with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). FIG. It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 3 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. It is a plaster model which shows the state of the tooth before mounting a partial denture. (A) is the figure which looked at the partial denture of FIG. 7 from the buccal side of the lock | rock part, (b) is a metal compared with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). It is a figure which shows components. It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 4 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. It is a plaster model which shows the state of the tooth before mounting a partial denture. (A) is the figure which looked at the partial denture shown in FIG. 10 from the lingual side, (b) is a figure which contrasted with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). FIG. It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 5 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. It is a plaster model which shows the state of the tooth before mounting a partial denture. (A) is a figure which shows the partial denture of the state fitted to (toothed tooth), (b) is a metal component compared with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). FIG. (A) is the figure which looked up at the partial denture from the lower part, (b) is a figure which compares a metal part with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). It is a figure which shows the state with which the partial denture in Embodiment 6 was mounted | worn with the gypsum model. It is a plaster model which shows the state of the tooth before mounting a partial denture. (A) is a figure which looks down on the fitting part of a partial denture from the buccal side and the mesial side, and (b) is compared with (a) by removing the denture base and artificial teeth in the state of (a). It is a figure which shows a metal component. (A) is a figure which looks down the fitting part of a partial denture from a centrifugal side, (b) shows a metal part by contrasting with (a) by removing a denture base and an artificial tooth with the state of (a). FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
1-4 is a figure for demonstrating the partial denture 10 of the lower jaw in Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a partial denture 10 is mounted on a gypsum model M, and FIG. 2 shows a gypsum model M of residual teeth including toothed teeth. This partial denture is for the R4 (right 4th) defect and the R7 defect, and can be said to be a relatively small local partial denture. According to FIG. 1, the tooth Q is R3 (No. 3 on the right) in the fitting portion K1, and R6 (No. 6 on the right) in the fitting portion K2. It can be seen that the concave surface forming metal arm 11 is disposed in the fitting portion K1, and the wire w (particularly, the top portion w3) is disposed in the fitting portion K2. There are two fitting portions, which corresponds to the case of <a1>. When the partial denture 10 is mounted, the fitting portion K1 is first positioned with respect to the toothed teeth Q (R3), and then the fitting portion K2 is disposed with registering the toothed teeth Q (R6). Thus, the arrangement of the partial denture 10 as a whole is roughly determined, and then the fitting portion K2 is fitted into the toothed teeth Q (R6) while the fitting portion K1 is properly fitted, and the mounting of the partial denture 10 is finished. From the above-described fitting procedure, the fitting portion K1 may be referred to as an alignment preceding fitting portion or a key portion, and the fitting portion K2 may be referred to as a fitting completion fixing portion or a lock portion.

  The concave surface forming metal arm 11 of the key portion K1 is fitted closer to the root side than the ridges of the toothed teeth Q (R3). The fitting portion K2 is also fitted to the root side of the tooth Q (R6) in order to develop a maintenance force, which will be described later. The temporal flow in the procedure of the alignment of the key part K1 and the fitting of the lock part K2 is as described above. However, the fitting is completed almost at the same time in a macro manner. At this time, with the key K1 as a fulcrum, the lock K2 is fitted to the root of the tooth Q (R6), that is, the base of the ridge of the tooth Q (R6), drawing an arc orbit close to the arc. The The lock portion K2 is locked to the ridges of the toothed teeth Q (R6) against the force to linearly disengage the partial denture 10 parallel to the tooth axis, so that the maintenance action is exhibited.

  As described above, both ends of the wire w are embedded in the denture base 35 and arranged in the fitting portion K2. In the portion exposed from the denture base 35, the wire w traverses from the artificial tooth 30 (R 7) side, that is, from the buccal side 35 f of the distal denture base to the cheek side of the tooth Q (R 6) below the ridge. A horizontal portion w1 that circulates in the direction (horizontal direction), a top portion w3 that is located at the boundary between the tooth Q (R6) and the adjacent tooth R5, and a portion w2 that extends in the vertical direction therebetween. . The lateral portion w1 is generally in contact with the ridges of the tooth decay Q (R6) from below so that the wire w has high hardness and both ends are embedded in the denture base 35, and the form is also highly rigid. Therefore, the resistance to the upward separation, that is, the maintenance action is improved. That is, the exposed wire is apparently shortened by the denture base, has high rigidity, and forms a fitting portion in the concave curved portion. By such a structure of the fitting portion, the fitting to the toothed hook can be made firm. In addition, the wire w has a circular cross section and a smooth surface, so it is partially contained between the top of the tooth Q (R6) and the top of the mesial side adjacent tooth R5. There is almost no impact. The supporting action (A1) that resists the occlusal pressure is mainly obtained when the bottom of the denture base 35 is in close contact with the ridge or ridge mucosa M5 (see FIG. 2). ) And part of the groove between the top of the adjacent tooth R5, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of the supporting action that resists the occlusal pressure. Further, the entire wire can contribute to an increase in the gripping action (A3). In the figure, the buccal side portion 35f and the lingual side portion 35b of the denture base are labeled, and in order to avoid confusion with these portions, the denture base is not labeled, but a generic sense The sign 35 is used.

FIG. 3A is a view of the partial denture 10 as seen from the back surface (the surface 35g on the side of the denture base 35 in contact with the ridge M5), and FIG. 3B is almost the same in the partial denture shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the metal component G of a attitude | position. In FIG. 3 (a), the denture base has a surface 35g in contact with the ridge mucosa, and the buccal denture base 35f is arranged at an angle so that it can be seen slightly. A concave surface portion 35c is formed on the denture base in the key portion K1 which is the alignment preceding fitting portion, and the concave surface forming metal arm 11 is disposed there. Further, a concave curved portion 35h is formed in the denture base 35 and a wire w is arranged in the fitting completion fixing portion (lock portion) K2, and a space S for accommodating the toothed teeth Q (R6) is formed. The concave surface portion 35c of the key portion K1 and the concave curved portion 35h of the lock portion K2 are distinguished from each other, but the shape is the same concave surface shape and the material of the denture base is the same. If the difference in shape is strong, the concave curved portion 35h is longer in circumference than the concave portion 35c, that is, the degree of surrounding the toothed teeth Q is larger. The metal concave surface portion 15 is disposed along the concave surface so that the concave surface of the concave curved portion 35h is shallowly covered in the lock portion K2. The metal concave portion 15 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
Although the artificial tooth T (R4) is slightly visible in FIG. 3 (a), the artificial tooth T is locked to a protrusion or rod-shaped portion provided at a corresponding position of the artificial tooth of the metal connecting band to be described later. In general, the floor 35 is reinforced for holding. Alternatively, the root portion may be connected to the metal connecting band by a connecting thread or other parts, and the root portion may be embedded and held in the denture base.

In FIG. 3B, the metal part G includes a concave surface forming metal arm 11, a metal connection band 50 including a branch part 51, a wire w connected to the metal connection band 50 by a connection part wj, and a metal concave surface part 15. . The metal concave surface portion 15 is disposed in the lock portion K2, and is in contact with the side surface under the raised portion of the tooth Q (R6), thereby contributing to the improvement of the maintenance action. For this reason, in the lock part K2, the metal concave surface part 15 improves the maintenance action which resists detachment | leave of a partial denture with the horizontal direction part w1 of a wire, and the concave curved part 35h of a denture base. The concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the metal concave surface portion 15 are integrally manufactured by metal casting with the metal connecting portion 50 and the like. The wire w is arranged with a metal member such as the metal coupling band 50 and the concave surface forming metal arm 11 on the partial denture model while being adjusted mainly by bending with pliers or the like at a technical laboratory, and both ends thereof are fixed. The denture base 35 is formed so as to be embedded (generally connected to the metal connecting band 50), and the provisional completion is seen. When the wire is not processed in the patient's oral cavity, and it is necessary to fit the tooth in the patient's oral cavity, it is necessary for the tooth contact such as the concave curved part of the denture base and the surrounding tooth. Finish the adjustment by removing or removing gaps while applying rebasing. The wire w itself is not hard enough (soft) to be processed in the patient's mouth, but has a high hardness exceeding this level. By finishing the adjustment of the denture base, it is possible to finish a partial denture having high durability while obtaining a comfortable fitting state. Moreover, since the wire is thin and not bulky and lightweight, and has a round cross section and is rounded and smooth, it is possible to easily attach and detach it after scraping the outer shape to reduce the size. The high hardness in the wire w provides a high degree of resistance to deformation and durability.
In FIG. 3B and FIG. 4, since there is no denture base, the fitting parts K1 and K2 are described with parentheses, but in the description here, they are used without parentheses.

FIG. 4 is a view of the metal part G as seen from the mesial side and the cheek side. The wire w is connected to the metal coupling part 50 or its branch part 51 at two connection points wj. A method of fitting the partial denture 10 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. When the partial denture 10 is mounted, first, positioning is performed so that the concave surface forming metal arm 11 of the key portion K1 is loosely aligned with the toothed tooth Q (R3). Next, an approximate arrangement of the entire partial denture 10 is determined by arranging the space S of the lock portion K2 so as to accommodate the toothed teeth Q (R6). Thereafter, the locking portion K2 is pushed into the tooth Q (R6) from above while the concave surface forming metal arm 11 of the key portion K1 is securely fitted to the root portion of the tooth Q (R3). Is fitted under the ridge of the tooth Q (R6). Although this completes the fitting, it is important that a feeling of clicking, clicking, clicking, etc. is obtained when the fitting is completed. This feel is a sensual indication that the fitting has been made in a stable position following the correct path. Such a feeling of clicking, clicking, clicking, or the like means that the partial denture goes over the elastic deformation peak and the elastic energy is released at a stable position. That is, in order to fit the concave surface forming metal arm 11 of the key portion K1 below the tooth Q (R3) and fit the lock portion K2 on the arcuate path below the raised portion of the tooth Q (R6), a partial denture 10, particularly metal The part G and the denture base 35 are made to be compliant (elastically deformed) and moved while being in contact with the ridges of the tooth Q (R6). The metal connection band 50 has only a length suitable for the stable position of the fitting, and cannot pass through the ridges of the toothed teeth without rubbing without elastic deformation. However, even if it is called elastic deformation, the degree of the deformation is not so large that it is visible, but it is very small elastic deformation.
When the partial denture 10 is removed from the wearing state, the procedure is reversed. That is, the lock portion K2 is detached from the toothed teeth with a sense of taking an arcuate path while firmly holding the key portion K1 on the toothed teeth. If the lock portion K2 is disengaged from the toothed hook, the partial denture 10 can be easily removed without needing to be described.

Regarding the above-mentioned (A1) supporting action, (A2) maintaining action, and (A3) gripping action, the wire w contributes to the improvement of these actions as follows.
(A1) Supporting action that resists occlusal pressure: The apex w3 of the wire w contributes to an improvement in the supporting action that resists the occlusal pressure. From the similarity with the place where the top part w3 is located, it may be said that the action is the same as that of the rest. However, unlike the rest, there is no need to provide a rest fossa, and if there is a small gap, the apex w3 can be placed without grinding the teeth, and even if grinding is necessary, a small amount is required. Can be dealt with by enamel grinding. Even with living teeth, a small amount of enamel trimming does not degrade durability.
(A2) Maintenance action resisting detachment: The lateral part w1 of the wire w contributes to the improvement of the maintenance action by being in contact with the lower part of the tooth protuberance Q (R6) and its periphery. Since the wire w has a circular cross section, the total contact area with the toothed teeth Q is not so large. However, since the wire w is continuously arranged integrally around the ridges of the tooth decay Q and is very hard and difficult to be deformed, a large maintenance force can be exerted as a whole. Moreover, since the wire w also functions as a hard core of the edge portion of the concave curved portion 35h of the denture base 35, although the concave curved portion 35h is a resin, the maintenance force is increased. This can be said to be an effect of the cooperative action of the wire w and the denture base 35. In the cooperative action with the denture base, the wire w works effectively both in the exposed part and in the embedded part.
(A3) Grasping action that resists horizontal force: Since the entire wire w including w1 and w3 is strong and difficult to deform, the gripping action is improved by taking the form holding the toothed teeth Q (R3). Contribute to.
By exhibiting the above-mentioned actions (A1) to (A3), the wire w can bear many parts of the action of the fitting completion and fixing of the lock part K2.

Further, since the wire w is not a casting but a commercially available dental wire (wire for clasp), many more advantages shown below can be obtained.
(G1) Since it is thin and light, it can reduce the weight so that the partial denture is not bulky. For this reason, it greatly contributes to the improvement of wearing feeling.
(G2) Since it has a circular cross section and a smooth surface and is thin, mechanical resistance at the time of contact with a tooth is small when a partial denture is attached or detached. As a result, by using the wire for the lock part, when the lock part is fitted, the contact resistance when passing through the holy part while elastically deforming the denture base and the metal connecting band can be reduced, and attachment and detachment can be easily performed. It becomes possible. Despite being thin, the wire has high hardness and is difficult to be deformed. Therefore, the wire hardly undergoes elastic deformation when attached or detached.
(G3) Since the wire is formed by drawing a cast or forged alloy, a shrinkage cavity (pore) or the like is crimped and forged, has high hardness, and is strong. That is, although it is thin, smooth and not bulky, it is a strong member that is hard and difficult to deform. It is economical in terms of price.
(G4) Since both ends of the wire are embedded in the denture base, the ease of deformation due to the small diameter is covered with high hardness so that the degree of elastic deformation can be ignored or very small To. By adopting the structure of the fitting portion, a firm and stable mounting state can be ensured.
(G5) During dental treatment, finishing adjustment in the oral cavity of the patient is performed by adjusting the denture base such as a concave curved portion, for example, by performing rebase processing when necessary, and finishing the adjustment adjustment to the tooth. be able to. The wire is not processed in the patient's mouth. It is not hard (soft) at a level that can be processed in the oral cavity.
(G6) Compared to a prototype in which the lock portion is formed of a cast C-shaped metal arm, the flexibility of the design method of the partial denture is expanded. In particular, the flexibility of the partial denture attachment / detachment route design is greater than in the past.
The action of the wire w is due to the fact that the wire w has a small outer diameter, a circular cross section and a smooth surface, its hardness is very high, and both ends are embedded in the denture base. .

(Embodiment 2)
5 to 6 show the partial denture of the upper jaw in the second embodiment. The partial denture of the second embodiment can be said to be substantially a modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 5, a partial denture 10 is a partial denture for upper missing teeth R3, R4, R5 and R6. That is, it is a partial denture having artificial teeth T (R3), T (R4), T (R5), and T (R6) and fitted to the toothed teeth Q (R7) and Q (R2). The partial denture 10 has only a lateral portion without a top on the wire w. The key portion K1 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (R2), and the lock portion K2 is fitted to the innermost R7 as the toothed teeth Q. The wire w arranged in the lock part K2 is fitted to the root side of the ridge part of the tooth Q (R7).

FIG. 6A is a view of the partial denture 10 viewed from the bottom surface side, and FIG. 6B is a view of only the metal part G viewed from substantially the same direction as FIG. Fig. 2 is a diagram in which the denture base and artificial teeth are removed in the state). The key portion K <b> 1 is configured by a C-shaped concave surface portion 35 c of the denture base and the concave surface forming metal arm 11. Moreover, the lock part K2 is comprised by the concave surface curved part 35h of the denture base surrounding the space S which accommodates the tooth decay Q (R2), and the wire w. The wire w is only in the lateral direction and there is no top. The concave curved portion 35h and the wire w secure a maintenance force and a gripping force. The supporting force is shared by the entire bottom surface 35g of the denture base 35. As shown in FIG. 6B, the wire w is not connected to the metal coupling band 50. That is, the embedded portion including both ends of the wire is held by the denture base. In general, the four artificial teeth T are locked to protrusions and rod-like portions provided on the metal connecting band 50 and its branch portions 51 and further reinforced by the denture base 35. A thread (not shown) for connecting the artificial tooth T to a protrusion such as the metal connecting band 50 may be disposed.
A method or a mechanism for attaching and detaching the partial denture 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3)
7 to 9 are diagrams for explaining the partial denture of the upper jaw in the third embodiment. This partial denture 10 is for the upper jaw, and is a partial denture for a person who lacks all other teeth other than the continuous four remaining teeth L3, L4, L5, and L6. The missing tooth is left as a ridge ridge M5, and a mucous membrane is formed, and the bottom surface of the denture base adheres to the ridge mucosa M5. Both ends L3 and L6 of the four consecutive remaining teeth are toothed teeth Q. Two fitting portions K1, K2 are formed in accordance with the two toothed teeth Q. The key portion K1 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L3), and the concave surface is directed from the mesial side to the distal side. The lock portion K2 is fitted to the toothed hook Q (L6) with its concave surface facing from the distal side to the mesial side. The top of the wire w arranged in the lock portion K2 is provided in the gap between the tooth Q (L6) and the adjacent tooth L5.

Fig.9 (a) shows the partial denture 10 in this Embodiment, FIG.9 (b) is a figure which shows the metal component G except the denture base and the artificial tooth with the state of (a). In the key portion K1, the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the concave surface portion 35c of the denture base are formed so as to be fitted to the tooth Q (L3) from the mesial side. The concave surface forming metal arm 11 is connected to the branch portion 51 of the metal connecting band 50. The metal connecting band 50, its branch 51, and the concave surface forming metal arm 11 are integrally cast. Since the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the concave surface portion 35c of the denture base of the key portion K1 are fitted around the ridges of the toothed teeth Q (L3), this contributes to an improvement in maintenance force.

  The lock part K2 of the partial denture 10 has a different form from the first and second embodiments. First, the wire w is connected to the branch portion 51 of the metal coupling band 50 and extends so that both hands come out from the connection point wj, and the ends thereof float and terminate in the denture base without closing. That is, both ends are embedded in the denture base 35. The portion including both ends of the wire embedded in the denture base has a shape that is difficult to come out of the denture base 35 that is wavy to enhance the anchor effect of the denture base.

  A wedge portion having wedge surfaces 17 and 17 ′ is provided at the tip of the branch portion 51, and is fitted like a wedge in a concave portion on the lingual boundary between the tooth Q (L 6) and the adjacent tooth L 5. Yes. The wedge surface 17 is in contact with the lingual side surface of the tooth Q (L6), and the wedge surface 17 'is in contact with the lingual side tooth surface of the adjacent tooth L5. By providing the wedge portion in this way, the position of the lock portion K2 can be accurately taken, and the gripping force of the partial denture 10 can be improved. One of the two surfaces 17, 17 ′ of the wedge surfaces 17, 17 ′ is along the concave surface of the concave curved portion 35h of the denture base, and falls within the category of the metal concave surface portion 15 in the first embodiment. Can be seen.

  Further, the exposed portion of the wire w of the lock portion K2 has a complicated and delicate shape. In particular, it should be noted that the wire has a J-shaped portion wb. The J-shaped portion wb is formed so as to include the lateral portion w1 and the longitudinal portion w2 between the lateral portion w1 and the longitudinal portion w2, and the bottom portion of the J-shape is the tooth Q It is located below the ridge of (L6), and is fitted so that the entire J-shape is in contact with the periphery of the ridge. Maintenance force at the time of mounting can be secured by the concave curved portion 35h of the denture base surrounding the space S and the J-shaped portion wb of the wire. The cooperative action of the wire w and the concave curved portion 35h of the denture base 35 also works.

  The metal parts and wire arrangements and tracks of the fitting portions K1 and K2 when the partial denture 10 is mounted are slightly different from those of the first embodiment, but the concept is the same. That is, the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the concave surface portion 35c of the key portion K1 are aligned with the toothed teeth Q (L3). Further, the surfaces 17 and 17 'of the wedge portion of the lock portion K2 are opposed to the tooth surfaces of the self-supporting teeth L6 and L5 so that the space S matches the contour of the toothed teeth Q (L6). Then, while pressing and fitting the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the like to the toothed teeth Q (L3), the lock portion K2 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L6) using that as a fulcrum. Also in this case, the lock portion K2 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L6) with an arc-shaped track, but in the case of the present embodiment, the radius of the arc is a track close to a straight line. However, since the J-shaped portion wb of the wire w has high hardness, it does not cooperate with the elastic deformation of the denture base 35 and the metal coupling band 50 at the time of fitting, and takes an arc-shaped track as it is and finally becomes a stable position. To fit. The lateral part w1 and the J-shaped part wb (including the oblique part) including the longitudinal part w2 continuous to the top part w3 are not deformed as they are, and the ridges of the tooth Q (L6) Sufficient maintenance force is securable by contacting the circumference | surroundings including the base side of a part. It goes without saying that the concave curved portion 35h positioned so as to surround the space S also contributes to the maintenance force. Since the wire w has a very high hardness and both ends are not free and are embedded in the denture base 35, it is an important point for ensuring the maintenance force that it is difficult to be deformed.

(Embodiment 4)
FIGS. 10-12 is a figure for demonstrating the partial denture 10 of the upper jaw in Embodiment 4. FIG. In this partial denture 10, there are two key portions K1, one lock portion K2, and a total of three fitting portions. The two key portions K1 have a right fifth (R5) and right third (R3) as toothed teeth Q. Moreover, the toothed hook Q of the lock part K2 is the leftmost 7th (L7). The self-supporting teeth or the remaining teeth are the above-mentioned three toothed teeth Q, and the other eleven teeth are missing, and the ridge ridge M5 is generated. Although the wire w is hooked on the tooth Q (L7) at the lock portion K2, the shape of the portion wb exposed on the cheek side is V-shaped. The V-shaped portion wb is in contact with two portions extending upward and including the ridges including the ridges of the toothed teeth (L7). A groove is formed on the outer surface of the cheek side of the tooth decay Q (L7) from the top to the root (characteristics of the patient's teeth), and the wire w is rooted on both sides of the groove by the V-shaped portion wb. It takes the form of touching as if held from the side. For this reason, the bottom (portion close to the root) of the V-shaped portion is at a position corresponding to the groove, and as a result, is not in contact with the toothed teeth Q (L7). That is, since there is a groove, the bottom of the V-shaped portion wb is not in contact with the tooth Q (L7).

  FIG. 12 (a) shows the partial denture 10, and FIG. 12 (b) is a view of only the metal part G from which the denture base and artificial teeth are removed in the state of (a). The two key portions K <b> 1 are provided with the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and are arranged at the tip of the branch portion 51 of the metal connection band 50. The branch part 52 located between them is provided to fix the artificial tooth T (R4). At the time of alignment, the concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the concave portion 35c of the two key portions K1 first fit the key portion K1 on the mesial side to the tooth Q (R3) and then the entire partial denture 10 While rotating a little, the key part K1 on the centrifugal side is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (R5). At this time, in parallel with the slight rotation described above, the lock portion K2 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L7). Since the lock portion K2 is pushed in with a slight rotation, it has a screw-like locus, and the fitting is almost the same as the fitting of the centrifugal key portion K1 to the tooth Q (R5). The lock portion K2 is provided with a metal concave surface portion or metal concave claw 15 extending from the wire fixing portion wj to the cheek side so as to be covered with the denture base 35. The metal concave portion 15 is disposed on the root side with respect to the embedded wire w.

  The wire w is fixed to the metal conductive band 50 at the middle position wj, but both ends are floating in the denture base 35. However, it can be said that both ends are fixed to the denture base 35. A portion of the wire w exposed from the denture base 35 is a V-shaped portion wb, and one end is suppressed to the denture base 35 and the other end is suppressed to the denture base 35 and the metal conductive band 50. At the time of fitting, the lock portion K2 can slide into the stable position of the tooth Q (L7) while rubbing the bumpy portion of the tooth Q (L7) while taking a screw-like orbit as described above. At this time, the metal concave claw 15 is also fitted to the distal side of the tooth Q (L7). As described above, the oblique portions on both sides of the V-shaped portion wb of the wire are in contact with the ridges of the toothed teeth (L7), and the metal concave claw 15 together with the concave curved part 35h is the toothed tooth Q (L7). Since it fits in, a sufficient maintenance force can be secured. Also in this case, since the hardness of the wire w is very high and both ends are not free and are embedded in the denture base 35, it is an important point for securing the maintenance force that it is difficult to be deformed.

  As has been seen so far, the locus of the fitting portion at the time of mounting is not a straight line but an arc shape, and fits in a range including the lower portion of the ridge. For this reason, even if a detachment force in one direction is applied, it is possible to exert a tenacious maintenance force without easily detaching. This is very different from the conventional method in which a clasp with strong tightening is pushed in one direction and the clasp is tightened to prevent separation from the toothed teeth. The locus of each fitting part K1, K1, K2 at the time of mounting in the present embodiment is particularly complicated as described above, and the retaining force is maintained at each fitting part so that it does not easily come off in one direction. Can be demonstrated.

(Embodiment 5)
13-16 is a figure for demonstrating the partial denture 10 in Embodiment 5. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 13-14, this partial denture 10 is a partial denture of a comparatively rare case with respect to the case where only the innermost tooth L7 of the lower jaw is missing. Conventionally, there is no partial denture that is sufficiently miniaturized to match the missing part of the innermost part, and it is an exaggeration to say that the partial denture of the innermost missing part of the innermost part can be made for the first time by this embodiment. is not. There is only one artificial tooth T, left 7 (L7). The tooth Q is No. 6 on the left, and both the key part K1 and the lock part K2 are formed for this tooth Q (L6). There is a key portion K1 and a lock portion K2 with a single toothed tooth Q (L6) in common, and the flow from the preceding positioning to the completion of fitting proceeds in the order described so far.

  Fig.15 (a) is a figure which shows the partial denture 10 of the state fitted to the toothed hook Q (L6). A wire w is arranged on the cheek side of the tooth Q (L6), and the wire w has a lateral part w1, a top part w3, and a longitudinal part w2 therebetween. The apex portion w3 is partially accommodated in the gap between the tooth Q (L6) and the adjacent left fifth (L5). From this figure, it can be seen again that this partial denture 10 is for the innermost artificial tooth T (L7). FIG. 15B is a view showing the metal part G in which the denture base and the artificial teeth are removed in the state of FIG. The key portion K1 includes a wire top portion w3, a metal concave surface portion 15, and a portion of the denture base. Part of the denture base 35, in particular, the portion surrounding the tooth Q (L6) and the metal concave surface portion 15 contribute to the maintenance force. The lock portion K <b> 2 includes a wire lateral portion w <b> 1, a concave surface forming metal arm 11, and a denture base portion that covers the concave surface forming metal arm 11. In this embodiment, since there is one fitting part and both the key part K1 and the lock part K2 are provided, the name of the metal part that is located on the key part K1 and contributes to the improvement of the maintenance force is referred to as a metal concave surface. Part 15.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, the portion of the wire w exposed from the denture base has a longitudinal portion w2 while circling the space S, and the top surface of the artificial tooth T is continuous with the longitudinal portion w2. And the top w3 having the same level height is partially accommodated in the groove portion between the tooth Q (L6) and the adjacent tooth L5. Since the wire w is smooth and has a thin circular cross section, it is partially accommodated in a small gap between the tooth Q (L6) and the adjacent tooth L5. As described above, the wire is hard and hard to be deformed and is strong, so that the wire w including the top portion w3 can prevent the sinking due to the occlusal pressure. The edge of the surface of the top of the tooth is rounded, and it is easy to form a groove in which the wire is partially accommodated between the tops of adjacent teeth. Only natural grooves can be used, and a small amount of enamel may be removed depending on the patient's teeth. In the case of the present embodiment, the top portion w3 is disposed without enamel grinding. When a little enamel is ground, even if it is a vital tooth, the degree to which the durability is impaired is small. Further, since the wire w has the respective portions w1, w2, and w3 and the embedded portion is also surrounded to surround the toothed teeth Q (L6), not only the supporting action but also the gripping force and the like can be improved. Of course, as described above, the function of the denture base 35 is also great.

  FIG. 16A is a view of the partial denture 10 as viewed from below, and FIG. 16B is a view showing the metal part G excluding the denture base and the artificial teeth in the state of FIG. The key portion K1 includes a wire top portion w3, a metal concave surface portion 15, and a part of the concave curved portion 35h. A part of the concave curved portion 35h and the metal concave surface portion 15 contribute to the maintenance force. The lock portion K2 includes a wire lateral portion w1, a concave surface forming metal arm 11, and a part of the concave curved portion 35h that covers the concave surface forming metal arm 11. A method of mounting the partial denture 10 will be described with reference to FIG. At the time of mounting, first, the space S fits around the tooth Q (L6) while conscious of the position of the metal concave portion 15 by placing the wire top w3 between the tooth Q (L6) and the adjacent tooth L5. After the alignment, the lock portion K2 is delayed while the key portion K1 is pushed in, and a circular arc track close to a straight line is taken with the wire top portion as a fulcrum, and fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L7). Also at this time, a clicking sound and feel can be obtained as in the above-described embodiment. When removing, it is the same as the partial denture of other embodiment to remove from the lock part K2. In the case of the present embodiment, the wire w is fixed to the metal coupling band 50 at an end and a portion that is not the end. Even in this case, by embedding both ends of the wire w in the denture base, it is possible to make the structure fitted to the toothed teeth firm.

  In the case of the partial denture 10 having only one artificial tooth T, a strong clasp is provided at a stretch without fitting two fitting parts called the key part K1 and the lock part K2, and the force is left to the power. It seems to be sufficient to have a maintenance force and a gripping force. However, it leads to the old evils, and even if the tightening is demonstrated by the clasp, the use is often stopped immediately. As in the present embodiment, the partial denture 10 is fitted from only one direction by forming both the key portion K1 and the lock portion K2 in spite of being one fitting portion with one partial denture. It is important that it is no longer done. When fitting the key part K1 to the toothed hook Q (L6), the wire top part w3 is partially stored between the toothed hook Q and the adjacent tooth (at this time, the key part K1 is the tip of the front edge). And the metal concave surface portion 15 is moved so as to be applied to the lower portion of the side surface of the tooth Q (L6). And it applies, rotating the whole partial denture, using the wire top part w3 as a fulcrum, returning the previous bending. At this time, it can be seen that simply by fitting the key portion K1, a complicated trajectory is taken instead of a straight trajectory. In parallel with the fitting operation of the key portion K1, the concave curved portion 35h of the lock portion K2 is fitted to the toothed teeth Q (L6) over the arc trajectory close to a straight line with the wire top portion w3 as a fulcrum. This trajectory is a trajectory in which two or more curves are combined. Since the partial denture 10 is mounted along such a complicated trajectory, the partial denture is not easily detached by a detachment force in one direction, and ensures a stable and durable maintenance action and gripping action. be able to.

(Embodiment 6)
17-20 is a figure for demonstrating the partial denture 10 in Embodiment 6. FIG. FIG. 17 shows a state in which the partial denture 10 is attached to the tooth of the patient of the plaster model M, and FIG. 18 shows a state of the patient's tooth with the partial denture removed. As shown in FIG. 18, the patient has 13 missing teeth, and after the missing teeth is the ridge ridge mucosa M5. Only the back No. 7 (L7) is the remaining tooth, and the remaining 13 teeth are partial dentures 10 that are artificial teeth T. It can be said that the relationship between the remaining teeth and the artificial teeth is reversed from that in the fifth embodiment. The toothpick Q is called the back No. 7 (L7), and the wire w is arranged on the cheek side of the tooth Q (L6). It is expected that the burden on one tooth Q (L7) is large.

  FIG. 19A is a view of the fitting portion K of the partial denture 10 as viewed from the mesial side and the cheek side, and FIG. 19B shows only the metal part G in the same posture as FIG. It is. As shown in FIG. 19A, the wire w is J-shaped and exposed on the cheek side. The wire w goes around the space S as shown in (b), and has a solid core in the denture base at the portion embedded in the upper edge of the denture base 35. In the fitting part K, the key part K1 is the upper edge part of the metal concave part 15 and the concave curved part 35h located on the centrifugal side. In the key portion K1, the wire w becomes a hard core at the upper edge of the denture base 35 at the embedded portion, and the upper edge facilitates the function of the alignment preceding portion. The function of the lock portion K2 is shared by the j-shaped portion wb of the wire w and the concave curve 35h on the mesial side. As shown in (b), a concave surface forming metal arm 11 is arranged in the lock portion K2, and the wire w extends from the left and right upper portions of the concave surface forming metal arm to the cheek side and the tongue side. The concave surface forming metal arm 11 and the upper edge of the concave curved portion 35h in which a wire extending in the left and right directions is contained as a core share the function as a fitting completion fixing portion. In the fitting portion K, the metal concave surface portion 15 is disposed on the distal side, the concave surface forming metal arm 11 is disposed on the mesial side, and both are opposed to each other across the space S.

  20A is a view of the fitting portion K of the partial denture 10 as viewed from the centrifugal side, and FIG. 20B is a view showing only the metal part G in the same posture as FIG. In the lock portion K2, the concave surface forming metal arm 11 is disposed at a position slightly lower than the upper end of the concave curved portion 35h. The wire w is exposed as a j-shaped portion wb on the cheek side, fixed to the metal concave surface portion 15 on the centrifugal side, and fixed to the concave surface forming metal arm 11 on the mesial side. On the lingual side, it is embedded in the concave curved portion 35h of the denture base, and is fixed on the distal side and the mesial side in the same manner as the cheek side. In general, when there is one fitting portion, the key portion and the lock portion are formed together in the one fitting portion, so that a plurality of metal parts G tend to be connected to each other to form a strong structure. However, even in that case, by fixing both ends of the wire w to the denture base, the structure fitted to the toothed hook can be further downsized and hardly deformed.

  At the time of mounting, the key portion K1 is applied to the side surface on the distal side of the tooth Q (L7), and at that time, the lock portion K2 is already in a position almost in contact with the mesial side surface of the tooth tooth (L7). In this case, it can be said that the lock portion K2 takes an arcuate orbit close to a straight line and is fitted to the mesial side. However, the key portion K1 and the lock portion K2 are very close to each other. The movement appears to push from top to bottom. Actually, the movements of the key part K1 and the lock part K2 are small, and the significance of distinguishing them by emphasizing them seems to decrease.

There are two points of concern at this time: (1) whether the mounting is performed smoothly, and (2) whether the maintenance force is sufficiently secured. It can be seen that these two concerns are not problematic due to the characteristics of the wire w. (1) In mounting, the surface of the wire w is smooth and thin, so that the frictional force is small even when moving while contacting the ridges of the toothed teeth Q (L7), and the wire w is not caught by the unevenness of the ridges of the toothed teeth Q. . For this reason, it can mount smoothly. The denture base 35 or the metal connector 50 is responsible for the minute elastic deformation at the time of mounting, and the wire w has good sliding on the surface of the toothed tooth, but hardly contributes to the deformation because of its high hardness. Further, (2) for ensuring sufficient maintenance force, the j-shaped portion wb of the wire that is hard to be deformed is fitted so as to hold the ridges of the toothed teeth Q (L7) from the root side. For this reason, the ridge is protruding to the cheek side, and the protruding portion functions like a stick to the bottom portion of the wire j-shaped portion. Moreover, the wire w is hard and hard to deform and is strong. As a result, a strong resistance against the upward detachment force is generated, and a sufficient maintenance force can be secured. Therefore, the above two concerns are alleviated by arranging the wire w, which is hard and difficult to deform, so as to hold the ridges of the toothed teeth from the root side.

Finally, the action of the partial denture wire in the above embodiment is extracted and summarized.
(1) Compared to a prototype in which the lock portion is formed of a C-shaped cast metal arm, the flexibility of the design method of the partial denture is increased. Whereas the shape of the conventional cast C-shaped metal arm is limited, the wire is only a lateral part around the toothed teeth, V-shaped, and many deformations Is possible. Accordingly, the shape of the wire can be selected according to the patient's case.
On the other hand, since the cross section of the wire is circular, the total contact area with the tooth is not so large, so there is a concern that the maintenance force may be reduced. However, since the wire has high hardness and is not easily deformed, the wire is continuously arranged integrally around the ridges of the toothed teeth, so that a large maintenance force can be exerted as a whole. Moreover, since the wire also functions as a hard core of the edge portion of the concave curved portion of the denture base, although the concave curved portion is a resin, it is possible to increase the maintenance force. This can be said to be the effect of the cooperative action of the wire and the denture base. In this cooperative action with the denture base, both the exposed part and the embedded part work effectively. And although it may not be related to the form of the wire, as described in the fourth and fifth embodiments, when fitting, the fitting part, particularly the lock part, should be fitted along a one-way trajectory. Rather, since it takes an arcuate or arcuate orbit with rotation, it can exert a great resistance to a simple one-way detachment force.
(2) The wire w is arranged and fixed together with metal members such as the metal connection band 50 and the concave surface forming metal arm 11 on the partial denture model by adjusting the shape while bending at a technical laboratory. After that, the denture base is formed into a predetermined shape and the provisional completion is observed. When the wire is not processed in the patient's oral cavity, and it is necessary to fit the tooth in the patient's oral cavity, it is necessary for the tooth contact such as the concave curved part of the denture base and the surrounding tooth. Finish the adjustment by removing or removing gaps while applying rebasing. The wire w itself is not hard enough (soft) to be processed in the patient's mouth, but has a high hardness exceeding this level. By finishing the adjustment of the denture base, it is possible to finish a partial denture having high durability while obtaining a comfortable fitting state.
(3) The diameter is about 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, and it is thin and light, so that the partial denture is not bulky and can be reduced in weight. For this reason, it greatly contributes to the improvement of wearing feeling.
(4) Since the surface is smooth and thin with a circular cross section, the mechanical resistance at the time of contact with the tooth is small when the partial denture is attached or detached. As a result, by using the wire for the lock portion, when the lock portion is fitted, the contact resistance can be reduced when the lock portion is not caught, and when the lock portion is passed, and the attachment and detachment can be easily performed.
(5) Since the wire is formed by drawing a cast alloy, a shrinkage nest (pore) or the like is crimped and trained, and the wire is strong. The drawing process gives a metal a high degree of processing, and a uniaxial texture or a fibrous texture is formed on the wire, which is very work-hardened and is hard and difficult to deform. Moreover, it is not limited to work hardening, The precipitation phenomenon in an alloy may be transferred and hardness may be raised. It may be manufactured by any method as long as it has a wire clasp level hardness and bending workability. The material (alloy composition) may be any alloy as long as it is an alloy used for dentistry. As a result, although it is thin, smooth and not bulky, it is possible to obtain a strong member that is not easily deformed.
(6) In the arrangement of the wire, both ends are embedded in the denture base, thereby contributing to the firmness of the structure fitted to the toothed teeth together with the high hardness.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a partial denture that is easy to attach and detach and can stably maintain a comfortable wearing state while further reducing the bulk by making it bulkier than the conventional one. In particular, it can be easily attached and detached. Furthermore, since the present invention uses a commercially available dental wire as a component to form the fitting portion, it eliminates the need for man-hours such as casting, and can be manufactured on site according to the patient's teeth with high flexibility. As a result, a comfortable partial denture can be obtained. Moreover, since the wire is strong and thin, it is not brittle like cast metal despite its extremely high hardness, and high durability can be ensured.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Partial denture, 11 Concave-form metal arm, 15 Metal concave part, 17, 17 'Metal wedge surface, 35 Denture base, 35f Denture base buccal side, 35b Denture base lingual side, 35c Denture base concave part, 35g Denture base bottom surface (back surface), 35h Denture base concave curved part, 50 metal connection band, 51 metal connection band branch, metal part in G partial denture, K1 positioning preceding part (key part), K2 fitting Completed fixed part (lock part), M patient's oral plaster model, M5 jaw ridge (mucosa), Q tooth decay, space where the tooth decay comes out (accommodates) at the fitting part, w wire, w1 wire lateral direction Part (horizontal part), vertical part of w2 wire, top part of w3 wire, U, V or J-shaped part of wb wire, wj wire fixing part, F buccal side, B tongue side.

Claims (8)

A partial denture comprising an artificial tooth, a denture base, a metal connecting band embedded over the denture base, and one or a plurality of fitting portions for fitting to a tooth,
In one of the fitting parts,
The denture base is provided with a concave curved portion that is curved so as to form a concave space for accommodating the toothed teeth, and a metal wire that has been drawn is disposed on the concave curved portion. ,
The wire is embedded in the denture base, both at the ends and partially as a whole,
The portion exposed from the denture base of the wire and the concave curved portion are arranged so as to surround the space ,
The partial denture according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the wire exposed from the denture base and the concave curved portion are fitted to a root side of the raised portion of the toothed tooth to give a maintenance force to the partial denture.   The partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the wire is connected to the metal coupling band at the embedded portion. Another engaging portion different from the fitting part pre-Symbol wire is disposed, further comprising, at the fitting portion of said another fitting portion to which the wire is arranged is different from the鉤歯to be fitted A concave surface portion for fitting into a tooth is formed on the denture base, a concave surface forming metal arm extending in a lateral direction in an arm shape is disposed over a part or the whole of the concave surface, and the wire is disposed The partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the partial denture is not. Claims before Symbol wire in the fitting portion of the better are arranged, the plate-shaped or nail-shaped metallic concave portion having a concave surface along the concave surface of the concave curved portion is provided, it is characterized by The partial denture according to 3. Comprises only one fitting portion to which the wire is placed, other not provided with a fitting portion, the fitting portion in which the wire is disposed, further, along the concave surface of the concave curved portion 3. The partial denture according to claim 1, wherein a plate-like or claw-like metal concave surface portion having such a concave surface, or a concave surface-forming metal arm extending in a lateral direction in an arm shape is provided. In the fitting portion, the plate-like or claw-like metal concave surface portion and the concave surface-forming metal arm extending in the lateral direction in the arm shape are arranged together along the centrifugal-mesial or mesial-distal direction , the metal concave portion is located in and along its concave surface on the concave surface of the concave curved portion, and the metal concave portion and the concave surface formed metal arm positioned so as to face each other between said space, said wire The partial denture according to claim 5, wherein the partial denture is exposed from the concave curved portion between the metal concave surface portion and the concave surface forming metal arm while circling the concave curved portion .   The portion of the wire that is exposed from the denture base has a top that is at the same level as the top surface of the artificial tooth, and the top at the same level is a groove between the tooth and the adjacent tooth. The partial denture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the partial denture is partially contained in the portion. Portion exposed from the denture of the wire, V-shaped, and have a U-shaped or J-shaped portion, the bottom of these characters is in contact with the lower side of the contoured portion of the鉤歯, said lower The partial denture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the partial denture is positioned so as to be in contact with the periphery of the ridge .

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