JP6435364B2 - Method of cleaning and detoxifying PCB-contaminated electrical equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a housing and an internal element housed in the housing, and is harmless for cleaning PCB-contaminated electrical equipment that renders the electrical equipment in which insulating oil containing PCB is housed in the housing. The present invention relates to a processing method.

Since PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) has excellent electrical insulation, insulating oil containing PCB (hereinafter also referred to as PCB-containing insulating oil) is used as insulating oil for electrical equipment such as a pole transformer. I came.
In recent years, however, PCBs have been found to be extremely harmful to living organisms including the human body. Therefore, at present, PCB is designated as a specific chemical substance, and its manufacture, import and use are prohibited.

  In view of the above circumstances, when the electrical equipment using the PCB-containing insulating oil is discarded, it needs to be detoxified so that the PCB is not harmful to the living body.

  As a processing method for detoxifying the electrical device when the electrical device using the PCB-containing insulating oil is discarded, for example, a processing method described in Patent Document 1 can be given.

Patent Document 1 describes a processing method that includes a housing and a transformer element as an internal element inside the housing, and detoxifies a column transformer that contains PCB-containing insulating oil inside the housing. .
Specifically, in the processing method described in Patent Document 1, after draining the PCB-containing insulating oil from the inside of the casing (after extraction), the pole transformer was accommodated in the casing and the casing. Before separating and disassembling into an internal member such as the transformer element, the columnar transformer is rendered harmless by cleaning the inside of the housing with a cleaning liquid.
In the treatment method described in Patent Document 1, during cleaning, a part of the cleaning liquid is extracted from the inside of the housing, and the PCB concentration in the extracted cleaning liquid is measured, and the measured value is a reference value (for example, 0. 0). At 5 mg / kg or less, it is determined that the pole transformer has been rendered harmless, and the cleaning is finished. After the cleaning is completed, after the cleaning liquid is discharged from the inside of the housing (after being extracted), the columnar transformer is separated into the housing and the internal member and discarded.

JP 2009-183820 A

  By the way, in an electric device such as the pole transformer, generally, insulating oil is accommodated in the casing so that an internal element such as the transformer element is immersed.

  For this reason, the cleaning liquid containing the PCB insulating oil remaining in the internal element after the electrical device is cleaned may be detached from the internal element and collected as a liquid in the housing. Since the PCB concentration in the liquid is higher than the reference value, when the liquid is accumulated in the housing, it is necessary to clean the inside of the housing again using a cleaning liquid.

In such a case, it is necessary to wait for the start of cleaning until no desorption of the cleaning liquid containing PCB-containing insulating oil from the internal element is recognized, but the cleaning liquid containing PCB-containing insulating oil from the internal element is sufficiently discharged. Since it takes time to desorb, the waiting time until the cleaning is started becomes long. As a result, there has been a problem that the time required for cleaning the inside of the housing becomes long.
In particular, in an internal element provided with insulating paper, such as a transformer element of a pole transformer, this problem becomes significant because the insulating oil is absorbed by the insulating paper.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, and makes it a subject to provide the washing | cleaning detoxification processing method of the PCB contamination electric equipment which can make detoxification processing time comparatively short.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, in the PCB-contaminated electrical equipment as described above, there is a difference in the time required until the detachment of the cleaning liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil from the internal element is not recognized due to the outside air temperature. It was found to occur.
Specifically, it has been found that the higher the outside air temperature when cleaning the PCB-contaminated electrical equipment, the shorter the time required until the detachment of the cleaning liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil from the internal element is not recognized. It was.

  That is, the cleaning / detoxifying treatment method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the present invention includes a housing and an internal element housed in the housing, and an insulating oil containing PCB is housed in the housing. A method for cleaning and detoxifying a PCB-contaminated electrical device that renders the electrical device harmless, an insulating oil discharging step for discharging the insulating oil contained in the housing to the outside of the housing; A cleaning liquid is added to the inside to clean the inside of the housing, and a heating step to heat the inside of the housing. The cleaning step and the heating step are performed after the insulating oil discharging step.

According to such a configuration, after the insulating oil containing PCB is discharged from the inside of the casing, the inside of the casing can be heated, so that the insulating oil containing PCB remaining in the internal element is removed. The time required for separation can be made relatively short.
Thereby, the time required for the detoxification process of the PCB-contaminated electrical equipment can be made relatively short.

  Further, in the cleaning and detoxifying treatment method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment, heated gas may be allowed to flow into the housing.

According to such a configuration, in the heating step, the inside of the casing can be efficiently heated by allowing a heated gas to flow into the casing from the outside of the casing. It can be raised relatively quickly.
As a result, the time required for desorption of the insulating oil containing PCB remaining in the internal element can be made relatively short, so the time required for the detoxification process of the PCB-contaminated electrical equipment can be made relatively short. Can do.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for cleaning and detoxifying a PCB-contaminated electrical device that can relatively shorten the time for detoxification.

Schematic which shows a transformer on a pillar containing a partial fracture | rupture part (a housing and a lid | cover). (A) is a front view of the coil part of a transformer element, (b) is a side view of the coil part of a transformer element. Schematic which shows the transformer on a pillar containing the partially broken part (a housing | casing and a lid | cover) used as the object of the washing | cleaning detoxification process of the PCB contamination electric equipment which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the washing | cleaning detoxification processing method of the PCB contamination electric equipment which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the washing | cleaning detoxification processing method of the PCB contamination electric equipment which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows a capacitor | condenser element.

Hereinafter, a cleaning detoxification method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a pole transformer that is detoxified by the cleaning detoxification method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pole transformer 100 according to the present embodiment includes a bottomed cylindrical body 110 having an upper opening, and a lid 120 that closes an opening 111 of the body 110.

  The columnar transformer 100 according to the present embodiment further includes a clamp 130 for fixing the lid 120 to the housing 110. In the present embodiment, the clamps 130 are provided at two locations.

  Further, the pole transformer 100 accommodates the transformer element 140 as an internal element and the PCB-containing insulating oil A inside the casing 110. The transformer element 140 includes a core material 141 and a coil 142 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the core material 141 in a wound state.

  Further, the pole transformer 100 includes a bushing 150 for making an electrical connection to the transformer element 140 from the outside.

The casing 110 has a vertical cylindrical side wall portion 112 and a bottom wall portion 113 that closes the side wall portion 112 at its lower end, and an opening 111 is defined by the upper end of the side wall portion 112.
That is, the housing 110 of the present embodiment has the opening 111 having a circular shape in plan view.

  The housing 110 is provided with a flange portion 114 that extends outward in the horizontal direction from the upper end of the side wall portion 112 and has an outer edge that is formed in a circular shape having a diameter larger than that of the opening portion 111.

  The flange portion 114 in the present embodiment is formed so that the shape in plan view is annular, and the radial width is substantially constant in the circumferential direction.

  Furthermore, the housing 110 in the present embodiment has a circular opening 115 (also referred to as a side wall opening 115) slightly above the center in the height direction of the side wall 112, and a bushing 150 is provided in the side wall opening 115. Is inserted. In the present embodiment, an annular seal material (not shown) is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the side wall opening 115 and the bushing 150 to ensure hermeticity.

The lid 120 includes a disc-shaped lid body 121 that is slightly larger than the circle defined by the outer edge of the flange portion 114, and a hanging wall portion 122 that hangs from the outer peripheral edge of the lid body 121. The bottom surface of the lid body 121 on the inner side is externally fitted to the housing 110 so as to face the flange portion 114.
In the on-pillar transformer 100 of the present embodiment, an annular sealing material 160 that is slightly narrower than the flange portion 114 of the housing 110 is provided with the flange portion 114 in order to improve the sealing performance between the flange portion 114 and the lid body 121. And the lid main body 121.

  In the pole transformer 100 of the present embodiment, the PCB-containing insulating oil A is accommodated inside the casing 110 so that the transformer element 140 is immersed.

In the pole transformer 100 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the coil 142 of the transformer element 140 is formed by winding a winding in a spiral shape and has an inner circumferential length. The first coil part 142a, the second coil part 142b, and the third coil part 142c are different.
And between the 1st coil part 142a and the 2nd coil part 142b, and between the 2nd coil part 142b and the 3rd coil part 142c, insulation paper etc. which absorb oil are added so that insulation may be improved An insulator 142d is interposed.

Since the insulator 142d interposed between the coil portions absorbs oil as described above, the PCB-containing insulating oil is placed so that the transformer element 140 is immersed in the casing 110. When A is accommodated, the PCB-containing insulating oil A is absorbed by the insulator 142d.
Since the PCB-containing insulating oil A has a relatively high viscosity, when it is absorbed by the insulator 142d, it is difficult to ooze out of the insulator 142d.
Therefore, in order to promote the seepage of the PCB-containing insulating oil A absorbed by the insulator 142d, the cleaning / detoxification method for the PCB-contaminated electrical device according to this embodiment described below is performed.

<First embodiment>
The detoxifying treatment method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to this embodiment is
A method of cleaning and detoxifying a PCB-contaminated electrical device comprising a housing and an internal element housed in the housing, and detoxifying an electrical device in which an insulating oil containing PCB is housed in the housing. There,
An insulating oil discharging step of discharging the insulating oil accommodated in the housing to the outside of the housing;
A cleaning step of cleaning the interior of the housing by adding a cleaning liquid to the interior of the housing;
A heating step of heating the inside of the housing,
The washing step and the heating step are performed after the insulating oil discharging step.

In this embodiment, first, an injection pipe for injecting the cleaning liquid into the housing, and a discharge pipe for discharging the cleaning oil after cleaning the insulating oil and the inside of the housing from the inside of the housing, A preparatory process for attaching to PCB-contaminated electrical equipment is performed.
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a cleaning detoxification method for a PCB-contaminated electrical device according to the present embodiment will be described using a pole transformer as an example.

(Preparation process: S0)
In the preparation step, an injection pipe 170 for injecting the cleaning liquid into the housing 110 after discharging the PCB-containing insulating oil A so as to penetrate the lid 120 of the pole transformer 100, the PCB-containing insulating oil A, and A discharge pipe 180 for discharging the cleaning liquid after cleaning to the outside of the housing 110 is attached to the PCB-contaminated electrical device.
Further, in the present embodiment, in order to improve the sealing property between the lid 120 and the injection tube 170 and the sealing property between the lid 120 and the discharge tube 180, and between the lid 120 and the injection tube 170 and between the lid 120 and the discharge tube 180. The sealing material 190 is provided between the two.
Further, in the present embodiment, the injection tube 170 and the discharge tube 180 are inserted until one end side arranged inside the housing 110 reaches the bottom of the housing 110.

(Insulating oil discharge process: S1)
The PCB-containing insulating oil A accommodated inside the casing 110 is discharged to the outside of the casing 110 via the discharge pipe 180. The PCB insulating oil A can be discharged using, for example, a pump.

(First cleaning step: S2)
A cleaning liquid is injected into the inside of the casing 110 from which the PCB-containing insulating oil A has been discharged via the injection pipe 170. As described above, in the pole transformer 100, the PCB-containing insulating oil A is accommodated in the casing 110 so that the transformer element 140 is immersed. Therefore, after the PCB-containing insulating oil A is discharged (after being extracted), the PCB-containing insulating oil A is usually at least the housing 110 until the level of the level of the PCB-containing insulating oil A before discharging (before the extracting). Adhering to the inner surface of the Therefore, the cleaning liquid is injected at least up to the level of the level of the PCB-containing insulating oil A before discharge.
Any cleaning liquid may be used as long as it can clean the inside of the casing 110, that is, the inner surface of the casing 110 and the internal members such as the transformer element 140 accommodated in the casing 110. It is preferable to use a hydrocarbon solvent, and among the hydrocarbon solvents, it is more preferable to use a paraffin solvent composed of a single component. NS Clean (registered trademark) may be mentioned as a paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent composed of a single component.

After injecting a predetermined amount of the cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is brought into contact with an inner surface of the housing 110 and an internal member such as the transformer element 140 accommodated in the housing 110 for a predetermined time.
After contact for a predetermined time, a part of the cleaning liquid inside the casing 110 is discharged (withdrawn) from the discharge pipe 180, and the PCB concentration in the cleaning liquid is measured. The PCB concentration can be measured by a conventionally known method such as 1992 (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Notification No. 192, No. 1 of the attached table No. 3 (cleaning liquid test method)). If the PCB concentration is equal to or lower than the reference value, the cleaning liquid inside the casing 110 is discharged to the outside of the casing 110 via the discharge pipe 180, and this process is finished. If the PCB concentration exceeds the reference value, cleaning is repeated until the reference value is less than or equal to the reference value. The process is completed.
The reference value is set to any value within a range of 0.3 mg / kg to 0.7 mg / kg, for example.

(Heating process: S3)
In the heating process, a heated gas is caused to flow into the housing 110. Specifically, the heated gas is caused to flow into the housing 110 via the injection pipe 170 or the discharge pipe 180. As the gas to be heated, any gas such as oxygen, nitrogen, and air can be used, but air is preferably used from the viewpoint of availability. The gas can be heated using a known gas heater or the like. As described above, since a hydrocarbon-based solvent or the like is used for the cleaning liquid, when air or oxygen is used as the heating gas, the temperature of the heating gas is set to ignite the cleaning liquid in order to suppress the ignition of the cleaning liquid. The temperature is preferably lower than a point (for example, 53 ° C. when NS100 is used as the cleaning liquid), and preferably 40 ° C. to a temperature lower than the flash point of the cleaning liquid. The volume flow rate when the heated gas is allowed to flow into the housing 110 can be appropriately set according to the internal volume of the columnar transformer 100.

  By flowing the heated gas into the casing 110, the internal temperature of the casing 110 rises, and the viscosity of the cleaning liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil A absorbed by the insulator 142d becomes relatively low. The oozing of the cleaning liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil A is promoted, and the cleaning liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil A that has oozed from the insulator 142d on the bottom wall portion 113 of the casing 110 is easily dropped. As a result, the subsequent second cleaning step can be performed relatively quickly.

(Second cleaning step: S4)
After the seepage of the cleaning liquid containing PCB-containing insulating oil A from the insulator 142d is completed, the PCB concentration in the cleaning liquid after cleaning (cleaning liquid containing PCB-containing insulating oil A) using the new cleaning liquid is the standard. The internal members of the casing 110, that is, the inner surface of the casing 110 and the internal members such as the transformer element 140 accommodated in the casing 110 are cleaned until the value becomes lower than the value.
By executing S0 to S4, the PCB-contaminated electrical device to be cleaned and rendered harmless is rendered harmless.

<Second embodiment>
Next, with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the cleaning detoxification method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the second embodiment will be described. The cleaning and detoxifying treatment method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to this embodiment differs from the cleaning and detoxification processing method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the first embodiment in that the heating step is performed after the insulating oil discharging step. .
In the following description, the description is not repeated about the part which overlaps with 1st embodiment.

(Preparation process: S0)
As in the first embodiment, a preparation process is performed.

(Insulating oil discharge process: S1)
As in the first embodiment, the insulating oil discharging step is performed.

(Heating process: S2)
Heated gas is allowed to flow through the injection pipe 170 or the discharge pipe 180 into the housing 110 from which the PCB-containing insulating oil A has been discharged, so that the viscosity of the PCB-containing insulating oil A absorbed by the insulator 142d is relatively low. Thus, the PCB-containing insulating oil A that has oozed from the insulator 142d is dropped onto the bottom wall 113 of the housing 110.

(Washing process: S3)
After the leaching of the PCB-containing insulating oil A from the insulator 142d is completed, the interior of the casing 110, that is, the inner surface of the casing 110 and the interior of the transformer element 140 and the like housed in the casing 110 using the cleaning liquid. Clean the part. The inside of the casing 110 is cleaned until the PCB concentration in the cleaning liquid after cleaning becomes equal to or less than the reference value. When the PCB concentration in the cleaning liquid after cleaning becomes equal to or lower than the reference value, the cleaning liquid inside the casing 110 is discharged to the outside of the casing 110 via the discharge pipe 180, and this process is finished.
By executing S0 to S3, the PCB-contaminated electrical device to be cleaned and rendered harmless is rendered harmless.

  In the detoxification processing method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the present embodiment, since it is not necessary to perform a cleaning process before and after the heating process, compared with the detoxification processing method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment according to the first embodiment, The number of processes can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time required for detoxifying the PCB-contaminated electrical device that is the target of the detoxification process.

  The present invention is capable of various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. Moreover, the above-mentioned embodiment is for demonstrating this invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments and the examples but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the on-pillar transformer 100 is cited as the PCB-contaminated electrical device, and the cleaning and detoxifying treatment method for the PCB-contaminated electrical device according to the present invention has been described. It is not limited to the upper transformer 100. The cleaning and detoxifying treatment method may be applied to any electrical equipment provided with an internal element having an insulator that absorbs oil in the housing, and containing the PCB-containing insulating oil inside the housing. it can.
For example, the capacitor includes a capacitor element 210 as shown in FIG. 6 inside the housing, and the capacitor element 210 is insulated from the first electrode sheet 250 in which the first electrode 220 is attached to the surface of the insulating sheet 240. The second electrode sheet 260 having the second electrode 230 attached to the surface of the sheet 240 is wound in a state where the insulating sheet 240 of the first electrode sheet 250 and the second electrode 230 of the second electrode sheet 260 are overlapped with each other. It is composed by turning. A sheet-like member such as insulating paper that absorbs oil is used as the insulating sheet 240.
Therefore, the cleaning detoxification method according to the present embodiment is also applied to a capacitor having the capacitor element 210 as shown in FIG. 6 inside the housing and containing the PCB-containing insulating oil inside the housing. Can do.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the heating process and the cleaning process are separately performed has been described. However, the heating process and the cleaning process can be performed simultaneously.
For example, by cleaning the interior of the housing 110 with a cleaning liquid heated to at least 40 ° C. or more, the interior of the housing 110 can be heated, and the heating process and the cleaning process can be performed simultaneously. Even if it does in this way, after discharge | emission of washing | cleaning liquid, the exudation of the washing | cleaning liquid containing the PCB containing insulating oil A absorbed by the insulator 142d can be promoted. When a hydrocarbon solvent is used as the cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is preferably heated to a temperature below the flash point of the cleaning liquid.

100: transformer on pole, 110: housing, 120: lid, 130: clamp, 140: transformer element, 150: bushing, 160: annular seal material, 170: injection pipe, 180: discharge pipe, 190: seal material, 210: Capacitor element, 220: first electrode, 230: second electrode, 240: insulating sheet, 250: first electrode sheet, 260: second electrode sheet,
111: Opening part, 112: Side wall part, 113: Bottom wall part, 114: Flange part, 115: Opening part (side wall opening part), 121: Lid main body, 122: Hanging wall part, 141: Core material, 142: Coil ,
142a: first coil portion, 142b: second coil portion, 142c: third coil portion, 142d: insulator

Claims (1)

Cleaning and detoxification of PCB-contaminated electrical equipment comprising a housing and an internal element housed in the housing, and detoxifying an electrical device in which insulating oil containing PCB is contained in the housing A processing method,
An insulating oil discharging step for discharging the insulating oil contained in the housing to the outside of the housing;
A cleaning step of cleaning the inside of the casing by adding a cleaning liquid to the inside of the casing, and discharging the cleaning liquid inside the casing to the outside of the casing;
A heating step of flowing a heated gas into the housing to heat the inside of the housing, and
The heating step is performed after the insulating oil discharging step or after the cleaning step, and the insulating oil remaining in the internal element is removed inside the casing after the insulating oil discharging or the cleaning liquid discharging. ,
Cleaning detoxification method for PCB-contaminated electrical equipment.

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