JP6444444B2 - Building block, building block composite and building frame - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a block mainly used for constructing a wall of a house, a wall such as a fence, a retaining wall, and a building frame using the block.

Conventionally, in order to build a building that builds walls, fences, etc. by building blocks, etc., a concrete foundation is formed, and in the case of a hollow block, it is fixed and launched at a predetermined position on the foundation. While passing the reinforcing bars through the hollow part and joint part of the block, the block or the like in which the adhesive such as mortar is applied to the joint part of the end part of the block or the like is repeatedly stacked up and down and left and right.
At that time, the amount of mortar applied to the end of the block or the like greatly affects the horizontal height and inclination of the wall. The blocks are stacked one by one with fine adjustment (hereinafter referred to as the conventional method).
Also, in response to the recent shortage of skilled engineers, a simple construction method that does not require skill is required. As a construction method, a construction method (hereinafter referred to as an empty construction method) is employed in which mortar is omitted and the blocks are stacked, stacked, and filled with mortar or concrete in the block cavity.

In the empty stacking method, since the wall surface is simply an unstable wall on which blocks are placed, either a reinforcement with a support material or a bonding with a strong adhesive is employed to prevent collapse or slippage. Here, in addition to the cost of assembling and dismantling the support material, purchasing the adhesive and paying the labor, it is difficult to make fine adjustments in the case of adhesive reinforcement. It was not.
In addition, when building the end of a wall with a block, the conventional end block is closed on the side of the cavity closest to the end, and the block is inserted from above the reinforcing bar for wall reinforcement. Although it is necessary to pile up so that it may pass, it is heavy labor to lift a heavy block to the upper end of a reinforcing bar.

  The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and provides a building block that realizes high accuracy and safety by omitting the steps in the conventional method for constructing a wall body and by simple construction. Is an issue.

As a result of intensive studies by the inventor to solve the above problems, engaging portions are formed along the length direction at the upper and lower ends of the block, and fitting portions protruding in the length direction are provided at the left end and the right end. By using the block, it was found that an adhesive such as mortar and a support material for preventing collapse are unnecessary, and the steps of the empty stacking method can be omitted to prevent collapse and displacement, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention is as follows.
A pair of panel portions that are arranged substantially parallel to each other are connected to each other on the opposing surfaces of the panel portions via a connecting portion, and the pair of panel portions are rectangular, and a part of the pair of panel portions is at an end thereof. A fitting portion protruding in the length direction is provided, and a part of the upper end of the panel portion located above and above the upper end and the lower end of each panel portion along the length direction and above A block characterized by having an engaging part formed so that a part of the lower end of the panel part located at the position engages with each other.

According to the present invention, when constructing a wall body such as a ridge or a retaining wall, a step of applying an adhesive such as mortar to a joint portion at an end of a block or the like, and a thread for every vertical row and horizontal row It is possible to eliminate the step of finely adjusting the blocks and the like one by one and realizing high accuracy and safety.
Moreover, according to this invention, when building the edge part of a wall body, the reinforcing bar for wall body reinforcement can be inserted from the side into the cavity of the side used as an edge part, and a construction process becomes simple. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to lift a heavy block to a high place, safety can be realized.

It is a perspective view which shows the example of the block for series. It is a front view which shows the example of the block for series. It is a side view which shows the example of the block for series. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the block for 1st corners. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the block for 2nd corners. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the frame used for the construction of the wall body which has a corner. It is the top view and front view which show the example of the block for wall surfaces. It is a schematic diagram at the time of building a corner combining the block for wall surfaces.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments. In addition, right and left means the positional relationship of the length direction.
The present invention relates to a block mainly used for constructing a wall body such as a fence or a retaining wall, and is a block particularly suitable for use in an empty stacking method.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, a pair of panel portions 1 that are arranged substantially parallel to each other are connected to each other through a connecting portion 2 on the opposing surfaces of the panel portions. Although the distance between a pair of panels will not be specifically limited if the objective of the wall body to construct | assemble is followed, Usually, it is 100 mm-300 mm, Preferably it is 150 mm-200 mm. The term “substantially parallel” includes those in which a pair of panels are arranged in parallel and those in which the panels are inclined by less than 3 ° from the parallel.
Although the number of the connection parts 2 is not specifically limited, if it is 2 or more, it is robust as a block. Moreover, it is good not to provide the connection part 2 near the edge part of a block, but to enable it to insert the reinforcing bar provided in the foundation standing part into a block from the side. If it does so, it will become unnecessary to lift a block to the upper end of a reinforcing bar, and a construction process will become simple and safe.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the pair of panel portions 1 are rectangular, and a fitting portion that partially protrudes in the length direction is provided at the end portion. The fitting portion is formed so that when the blocks are arranged side by side, the fitting portion at the right end of the block on the left and the fitting portion at the left end of the block on the right fit. With this structure, the blocks can be arranged in a substantially straight line by arranging the blocks while fitting them in the left-right direction without stretching the yarn horizontally. Further, since the blocks are not bonded to each other, it is possible to perform fine adjustment after arranging the straight portions of the wall bodies. It is preferable that the fitting portion is connected as a surface when the left and right blocks are fitted together.

FIG. 2 shows a series block 10 which is an embodiment of the present invention. The pair of panel portions 1 have substantially the same shape when viewed from the perpendicular direction, and the fitting portion at one end of the rectangle is a mounting portion 3 whose upper part protrudes in the length direction, and the fitting at the other end The part is a receiving part 4 whose lower part protrudes in the opposite length direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the mounting portion 3 may protrude at about half the height on the upper side. Moreover, the receiving part 4 which fits here may protrude at about half the height of the lower side. The fitting part only needs to be formed so that the fitting part at the right end of the block on the left side fits the fitting part at the left end of the block on the right side when the blocks are arranged side by side. Although the length and height of the protrusion of the portion are not limited, the length of the fitting portion is usually less than or equal to half of the length in the block longitudinal direction.

Moreover, since the cavity between the panels of the building block of the present invention can be filled with a filler, the heat insulation, soundproofing, fireproofing, and moistureproofing can be improved. Examples of the filler include mortar and concrete.
When constructing the end portion of the wall surface, the width from the fitting portion to the end portion of the block and the cavity between the panels of the block can be sealed. The material of the sealing member may be the same as or different from that of the block of the present invention. By sealing, the filler can be prevented from leaking out when the filler is poured between the panels of the block.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the pair of panel portions 1 are provided at the upper end and lower end of each panel portion along the length direction of the upper end of the panel portion positioned below when overlapped vertically. And an engaging part 5 formed so that a part of the lower end of the panel part located above the part engages with each other. With this structure, it is possible to obtain a wall surface with less inclination by simply stacking the upper and lower blocks while engaging them without needing a vertical thread, thereby realizing safety during the construction process.
The engaging part only needs to be configured so that a part of the upper end of the panel part positioned below and a part of the lower end of the panel part positioned above engage with each other when the engaging part is superposed vertically. The panel portion of the block may be formed such that a part of the upper end surface is cut off, etc., and may be provided so as to engage with the convex portion of the lower end surface of the panel portion of the block stacked on top. The belt-like convex part along the length direction on the outer side of the end face is engaged with the belt-like convex part or concave part along the length direction provided on the inner side of the lower end surface of the panel part of the block stacked on top. It may be provided. An engagement portion that is a belt-like convex portion or a concave portion is preferable because the filler is difficult to leak when the filler is poured between the panels after the blocks are stacked.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, in the block of the present invention, in the pair of panel portions 1, one of the panel portions has no fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is It may be the first corner block 21 or 22 having the corner mounting portion 7 which is on the upper side of the panel portion and further protrudes in the thickness direction of the block to form the opening 6. Further, in the pair of panel portions 1, one of the panel portions 1 has no fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the lower side of the panel portion. It may be the second corner block 31 or 32 having the corner receiving portion 9 protruding in the thickness direction and forming the opening 8. The corner mounting when the corner mounting portion of the first corner block 21 or the openings 6 and 8 of the corner receiving portion of the second corner block 31 are arranged at an angle so as to be closed. It is preferable that the portion 7 and the corner receiving portion 9 are fitted to each other to form a corner. When the first corner block 21 and the second corner block 31 are fitted together by the corner mounting portion 7 and the corner receiving portion 9, a block composite forming a corner is obtained.
The arrangement angle of the first corner block 21 and the second corner block 31 is about 90 °.
The fitting relationship between the first corner block 21 and the second corner block 31 also holds in the combination of the first corner block 22 and the second corner block 32.

  With this structure, when inserting a reinforcing bar to reinforce the corner provided at the foundation rising part into the block, the first corner block and the second corner block are fitted into the opening provided in the block after passing through the reinforcing bar. This eliminates the need to lift the block to the upper end of the rebar, making the construction process simple and safe.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the present invention constructs a frame by combining a plurality of series blocks 10, first corner blocks 21 and 22, and second corner blocks 31 and 32 to construct a wall having a corner. can do. If necessary, the end of the frame may be sealed and then filled with a filler.
Depending on the design of the wall having a corner, a part of each block may be cut out and combined as necessary. For example, the series blocks are arranged side by side, and one of the series blocks 10 is cut out from the pair of panels, and the first corner block 21 or 22 is perpendicular to the line in which the series blocks 10 are arranged. By fitting the corner mounting portion 7 into the portion where the mounting portion 3 is cut out as described above, it is possible to construct a wall body that is T-shaped when viewed from above.

  FIG. 7 illustrates a wall surface block 40 which is one embodiment of the present invention. In the wall block 40, the pair of panel portions 1 have substantially the same shape when viewed from the perpendicular direction, and the fitting portion at one end of the rectangle is a mounting portion 3 whose upper part protrudes in the length direction. The fitting portion at the other end is a receiving portion 4 in which a part of the lower side protrudes in the opposite length direction. This mounting part 3 may protrude at a height of about half of the upper side. Moreover, the receiving part 4 which fits here may protrude at about half the height of the lower side. Sealing plate fastening portions 301 or 401 into which a sealing plate can be inserted as shown in FIG. 7 may be provided at the protruding ends of the mounting portion 3 and the receiving portion 4. Moreover, it is preferable that the engaging part 5 is provided also in the lower end of the mounting part 3 of the wall surface block 40, and the upper end of the receiving part 4 so that the wall surface block can be piled up even if it inserts a sealing board. . As illustrated in FIG. 8, the wall surface block 40 in which the sealing plate 500 is inserted into the sealing plate retaining portion 401 and the wall surface block 40 in which the sealing plate 500 is inserted into the sealing plate retaining portion 301 are alternately perpendicular to each other. Corners can be formed by stacking.

  The sealing plate can be inserted into the sealing plate retaining portion of the wall surface block to form the end of the fitting portion of the wall surface block. The height of the sealing plate is substantially the same as the height of the mounting portion or the receiving portion of the wall block, and the lateral width is substantially the same as the distance between the pair of panels of the wall block. The upper end of the sealing plate may be provided with a protruding portion that engages with the engaging portion provided on the upper portion of the wall block placing portion or the receiving portion.

  With this structure, when inserting a reinforcing bar to reinforce the corner provided in the foundation rising part into the block, the sealing plate is inserted through the reinforcing bar from the side of the mounting part or receiving part of the block, and the block is stacked, It is not necessary to lift the block to the upper end of the rebar, making the construction process simple and safe.

  The building block of the present invention can be formed of various materials such as metal, wood, resin, concrete, brick, stone and the like depending on the purpose of use. This building block can be used as a protective wall for soundproofing, windproofing and the like of a house wall or fence, retaining wall, highway and the like.

  For example, when building a wall of a house using this building block, it is only necessary to connect the fitting part and the engaging part at the top, bottom, left, and right of the building block. Can be done. Further, since this building block is a block in which the outer wall surface and the inner wall surface are integrated, a plurality of steps such as outer wall work and inner wall work are eliminated. Therefore, the construction period required for construction can be shortened and manpower is not required, so the cost can be reduced. Although the foundation portion requires conventional concrete construction, the construction of the wall itself is a work of stacking blocks, so that even a person without specialized technology can easily construct it.

The movement in the left-right direction can be restricted by the fitting of the fitting part provided at the block end, and it goes straight to the surface of the panel part by the engagement of the convex part and / or concave part provided at the upper and lower ends of the block Since the movement in the direction to be able to be regulated can also be increased, the building strength of the building block can be increased.

1: panel part, 2: connecting part, 3: mounting part, 4: receiving part, 5: engaging part, 6: opening part, 7: corner mounting part, 8: opening part, 9: corner receiving part, 10: Block for series, 21 and 22: Block for first corner, 31 and 32: Block for second corner, 40: Block for wall surface, 301 and 401: Sealing plate fastening part, 500: Sealing plate

Claims (7)

A pair of panel portions that are arranged substantially parallel to each other are connected to each other on the opposing surfaces of the panel portions via a connecting portion,
The pair of panel portions are rectangular, and provided with a fitting portion that partially protrudes in the length direction at the end portion,
In the fitting portion, the pair of panel portions are not connected to each other,
A part of the upper end of the panel part located below and a part of the lower end of the panel part located above when the upper and lower ends of each panel part are vertically overlapped with each other along the length direction of each panel part. A block characterized by having an engaging portion formed to fit together. The pair of panel parts have substantially the same shape when viewed from the perpendicular direction, the fitting part at one end of the rectangle is a mounting part whose upper part protrudes in the length direction, and the fitting part at the other end is The lower part is a receiving part protruding in the opposite length direction,
When the block is connected to the left and right in the length direction, the receiving portion and the mounting portion are formed to be connected as a surface,
The block according to claim 1, which is a series block that forms a straight wall surface when the blocks are combined. In the pair of panel portions, one of the panel portions does not have the fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the upper side of the panel portion and further protrudes in the thickness direction of the block. A block for a first corner having a corner mounting portion forming an opening,
In the pair of panel portions, the corner mounting portion has one of the panel portions without the fitting portion or shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is below the panel portion, Further, in combination with a second corner block having a corner receiving portion that protrudes in the thickness direction of the block to form an opening portion, the opening portions of the corner mounting portion and the corner receiving portion are closed. When arranged at an angle, the corner receiving portion has a structure that is fitted to each other to form a corner,
The block according to claim 1. In the pair of panel portions, one of the panel portions does not have the fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the lower side of the panel portion and further protrudes in the thickness direction of the block. A second corner block having a corner receiving portion forming an opening,
In the pair of panel portions, the corner receiving portion has one of the panel portions without the fitting portion or shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the upper side of the panel portion, In combination with a first corner block having a corner mounting portion that protrudes in the thickness direction of the block to form an opening, an angle is provided so that the openings of the corner mounting portion and the corner receiving portion are closed. Having a structure that is fitted with the corner mounting portion to form a corner when placed with
The block according to claim 1.   A block complex formed by combining the blocks according to claim 3. A frame formed by combining a plurality of blocks according to claim 1,
The plurality of blocks have at least the pair of panel portions having substantially the same shape as viewed from the perpendicular direction, and the fitting portion at one end of the rectangle is a mounting portion whose upper portion protrudes in the length direction, and at the other end The fitting part is a receiving part in which a part of the lower side protrudes in the opposite length direction, and is formed so that the receiving part and the mounting part are connected as a surface when the block is connected to the left and right. A series block that forms a straight wall when the blocks are combined;
In the pair of panel portions, one of the panel portions does not have the fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the upper side of the panel portion and further protrudes in the thickness direction of the block. A first corner block having a corner rest that forms an opening;
In the pair of panel portions, one of the panel portions does not have the fitting portion or is shorter than the other, and the fitting portion of the other panel portion is on the lower side of the panel portion and further protrudes in the thickness direction of the block. Including a second corner block having a corner receiving portion forming an opening,
The corner mounting portion and the corner receiving portion are fitted together to form a corner so that the openings are closed.
A frame used in the construction of walls with corners. The pair of panel parts have substantially the same shape when viewed from the perpendicular direction, the fitting part at one end of the rectangle is a mounting part whose upper part protrudes in the length direction, and the fitting part at the other end is The lower part is a receiving part protruding in the opposite length direction,
When the block is connected to the left and right in the length direction, the receiving portion and the mounting portion are formed so as to be connected as a surface. A stop plate fastening part is provided,
The block according to claim 1, wherein the sealing plate fastening portion is configured to seal an end portion of the receiving portion and the mounting portion by fitting a sealing plate.

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