JP6466271B2 - Shield machine and tunnel construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine equipped with a earth pressure gauge and a tunnel construction method using the shield machine.

  Conventionally, shield tunneling machines have been used when constructing tunnels, and various structures such as a mud pressure type and a muddy water type have been proposed.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional structure of a mud pressure shield shield machine. Reference numerals 220A and 220B in the figure denote substantially cylindrical bodies, and reference numeral 221 denotes a front end of the trunks 220A and 220B. Reference numeral 223 denotes a cutter head rotatably supported by the partition wall 221, and reference numeral 224 denotes a hydraulic motor for rotationally driving the cutter head 223. ing. In such a shield machine 200, an earth pressure gauge is arranged to measure the earth pressure in the chamber (the space between the partition wall 221 and the face), and various types of earth pressure gauges have been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Here, FIGS. 6A to 6C are cross-sectional views showing various aspects of the earth pressure gauge mounting structure, and reference numeral 302 in FIG. 6A indicates a partition wall of the shield machine, Reference numeral 307 denotes a member (a member that moves in response to earth pressure) embedded so as to be movable in the axial direction (the left-right direction in the figure) of the through hole of the partition wall 302. A soil pressure gauge arranged so as to be in contact with the back surface is shown, and reference numeral 306 denotes a bracket for supporting the soil pressure gauge 305. Moreover, the code | symbol 308 in the figure (b) has shown the rotation type bracket which supports the earth pressure gauge 315 rotatably. In this figure, when earth and sand are fixed to the earth pressure gauge 315, the earth pressure gauge 315 can be appropriately replaced while the earth pressure is sealed by rotating the rotary bracket 315 to an appropriate angle. It is configured. Further, a reference numeral 309 in FIG. 3C is a bracket that supports the earth pressure gauge 325 and is configured to be slidable along the partition wall 302. In this figure, when the earth pressure is fixed to the earth pressure gauge 325, the earth pressure gauge 325 can be appropriately replaced while the earth pressure is sealed by sliding the bracket 309 to an appropriate position. It is configured.

JP-A-9-144478

  However, when the earth and sand in front of the earth pressure gauges 305, 315, and 325 are fixed, the earth pressure does not act on the earth pressure gauges 305, 315, and 325, and the earth pressure cannot be measured. There was a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine and a tunnel construction method capable of solving the above-described problems.

The first aspect of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and includes a substantially cylindrical body (20A, 20B) and a partition wall (21) that closes the body (20A, 20B). An excavator body (2), and a tubular member (3) attached to the excavator body (2) so as to communicate the inner side (S _in ) and the outer side (S _out ) of the excavator body (2). In a shield machine (1) comprising valve means (4) capable of opening and closing the tubular member (3),
The opening (2a) formed in the excavator main body (2) and communicating with the tubular member (3) is referred to as a “tubular member inlet”, and the excavator main body (2) The direction (E _out ) from the inner side (S _in ) to the outer side (S _out ) is defined as “excavator direction”, and the direction (E _in ) opposite to the engraver direction (E _out ) is defined as “excavator direction”. "
A member (see reference numeral 50; hereinafter referred to as “movable member”) inserted into the tubular member (3) in a state of being movable in the axial direction (3A) of the tubular member (3); An earth pressure gauge (5) comprising: an earth pressure measuring unit (51) connected to the member (50) and measuring the earth pressure in the vicinity of the tubular member inlet part (2a) via the movable member (50). With
The end of the movable member (50) and the end of the excavator direction (E _out ) side (see reference numeral 50a, hereinafter referred to as “movable member front end”) is the end of the movable member (50a). ) And a member that protrudes in the outer direction (E _out ) than the excavator (see reference numeral 6 in FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4D, and 4E, hereinafter referred to as “protruding member”). It has a portion (see reference numerals 50a1, 50a2, 150a1, and 150a2 in FIGS. 3A and 3B, hereinafter referred to as “projecting member attaching portion”) that can be attached.

The second aspect of the present invention is a movable member moving means (FIG. 4 (a)) capable of moving the movable member (50) _{in the} direction of the excavator (E _out ) and the direction of the excavator (E _in ). (See reference numeral 8).

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the movable member moving means (8) moves the movable member (50) in the direction of the excavator to a position where the movable member (50) can be pulled out from the tubular member (3). It is characterized in that it can be moved to (E _in ).

The 4th viewpoint of this invention is the protrusion member (6) attached to the said protrusion member attaching part (50a1, 50a2, or 150a1, 150a2) so that attachment or detachment was possible, as illustrated to Fig.3 (a) and (b). ), And
As illustrated in FIGS. 4D and 4E, the projecting member (6) is configured to move the movable member (50) in the outer direction (E _out ) of the excavator, and to enter the tubular member inlet portion. (2a) It is comprised so that the earth and sand hardened in the vicinity can be crushed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the movable member (50) includes a cylinder part (500), a piston part (501) slidably fitted in a tip part of the cylinder part (500), and the cylinder. A hydraulic fluid chamber (502) formed by the portion (500) and the piston portion (501) and filled with oil,
Based on the fact that the projecting member (6) is brought into contact with the cylinder part (500), the force required when the projecting member (6) crushes earth and sand is projected through the cylinder part (500). It is configured to be transmitted to the member (6).

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the movable member (50) is configured such that the protruding member (6) attached to the protruding member mounting portion (50a1, 50a2, or 150a1, 150a2) is connected to the tubular member inlet portion (2a). ) Is inserted into the tubular member (3) so as to be movable to a position projecting in the outer direction (E _out ) of the excavator.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel construction method using the shield machine (1) described above,
As illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the movable member moving means (8) moves the movable member (50) in the inward direction of the excavator (E _in );
Closing the tubular member (3) by the valve means (4);
As illustrated in FIG. 5C, the step of pulling out the movable member (50) moved _{in the} inward direction (E _in ) from the tubular member (3);
Attaching the protruding member (6) to the movable member tip (50a) of the extracted movable member (50), as illustrated in FIG.
Inserting the movable member (50) with the protruding member (6) attached thereto into the tubular member (3);
Opening the tubular member (3) by the valve means (4);
As illustrated in FIG. 5E, the tubular member inlet portion (2a) is moved on the basis of the movable member moving means (8) moving the movable member (50) in the outward direction (E _out ). And crushing the earth and sand fixed in the vicinity of the projecting member (6).

  Note that the numbers in parentheses are for the sake of convenience indicating the corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore the present description is not limited to the descriptions on the drawings.

  According to the first to fourth, sixth, and seventh aspects described above, when earth and sand are fixed to the distal end portion of the movable member, the movable member can be pulled out of the tubular member to remove the fixed earth and sand. Moreover, when the earth and sand are adhering in the vicinity of the inlet of the tubular member, the earth and sand (adhered earth and sand) can be crushed by the protruding member.

  According to the fifth aspect described above, the force required when the projecting member crushes the earth and sand is configured to be transmitted to the projecting member via the cylinder portion. Can be prevented from acting.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the support portion of the earth pressure gauge. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the shield machine according to the present invention. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the movable member tip portion, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing another example of the configuration of the movable member tip portion. 4A to 4E are cross-sectional views showing an example of a tunnel construction method according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional structure of a mud pressure shield shield machine. 6A to 6C are cross-sectional views showing various aspects of the earth pressure gauge mounting structure.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The shield machine according to the present invention is illustrated by reference numeral 1 in FIG.
A substantially cylindrical body 20A, 20B;
A partition wall 21 attached to the fuselage 20A, 20B so as to close the fuselage 20A, 20B (that is, so as to partition the face side and the inside of the pit);
An excavator main body 2 is provided. As shown in detail in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 2 (that is, the trunks 20A and 20B and / or the partition wall 21) communicates the outer S _out and the inner S _in of the excavator main body 2 with each other. and the tubular member 3 is mounted on the inner side S _in to, the tubular member 3, the valve means 4 to allow opening and closing the tubular member 3 is mounted.

In the present specification, the opening 2a formed in the excavator main body 2 and communicating with the tubular member 3 is referred to as a “tubular member inlet”, and the inside of the excavator main body 2 The direction E _out from S _in toward the outer side S _out is referred to as “digging machine outside direction”, and the direction E _in opposite to the digging machine outside direction E _out is referred to as “digging machine inside direction”.

And the shield machine 1 which concerns on this invention is:
A member inserted through the tubular member 3 so as to be movable in the axial direction 3A of the tubular member 3 (see reference numeral 50; hereinafter referred to as a “movable member”);
An earth pressure measuring unit 51 connected to the movable member 50 and measuring the earth pressure near the tubular member inlet 2a via the movable member 50;
An earth pressure gauge 5 is provided.

This earth pressure gauge
A type that measures earth pressure by converting earth pressure into oil pressure (hereinafter referred to as “hydraulic pressure conversion type”) at least one of the movable member and the earth pressure measuring unit;
A type that measures earth pressure without converting earth pressure into oil pressure in both the movable member and the earth pressure measuring unit (hereinafter referred to as “non-conversion type”),
Either of these may be used, but the hydraulic pressure conversion type is preferred. The reason for this is that the hydraulic conversion type is more suitable for applications such as the present invention because it can maintain high measurement accuracy even with a larger measurement range than the non-conversion type, and it also has high impact resistance. It is. Moreover, since the shape and structure of the hydraulic pressure conversion type can be changed relatively freely, an optimum earth pressure gauge corresponding to the shape of the tubular member 3 can be realized.

  1 includes a cylindrical cylinder portion 500, a piston portion 501 slidably fitted in a tip portion of the cylinder portion 500 (the movable member tip portion 50a), and the cylinder. The hydraulic fluid conversion type is formed by the hydraulic fluid chamber 502 formed by the part 500 and the piston part 501 and filled with oil (pressure transmission medium), so that the earth pressure is converted into hydraulic pressure. It becomes. In this case, based on the fact that the protruding member 6 is brought into contact with the cylinder part 500, the force required when the protruding member 6 crushes the earth and sand is transmitted to the protruding member 6 through the cylinder part 500. It is good to be configured as follows. In such a case, it is possible to prevent an excessive force from acting on the piston portion 501 and the like, and it is possible to prevent failure of the earth pressure measuring portion 51 and the like. The protruding member 6 also serves to protect the cylinder part 500. Further, the cylinder part 500 may have a shape other than a cylindrical shape (for example, a rectangular tube shape).

Meanwhile, as shown in detail in FIG. 3 (a), the movable member tip portion 50a of the movable member 50, uneven by a portion 50a2 which is not protruding portion 50a1 protruding outer direction _{E out} unit (hereinafter, " 50a1 and 50a2 are formed, and the protruding member mounting portions 50a1 and 50a2 are members that protrude in the outer direction E _out of the excavator than the movable member front end portion 50a (hereinafter referred to as “the protruding member mounting portions 50a1 and 50a2”). The projection member 6 is configured to be detachably fitted. In the example shown in FIG. 3 (a), the end surface portion (hereinafter referred to as the movable member edge portion 50a1) is surrounded by the entire circumference of the edge (hereinafter referred to as "movable member edge portion") 50a1 of the movable member tip portion 50a. , “Movable member end face portion”) 50a2 protrudes in the outer direction E _out of the digging machine, but is not limited to this, and is not limited to the entire circumference of the movable member edge portion 50a1. only it may be protruded該掘proceeds outboard direction E _out than the movable member end surface portion 50a2. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the movable member end surface portion 150a2 of the movable member front end portion 150a is protruded from the movable member edge portion 150a1 in the digging machine outward direction E _out , thereby moving the movable member edge portion. The portion 150a1 may be recessed. The protruding member mounting portions 50a1, 50a2 and 150a1, 150a2 have a dent amount (that is, a difference in height between the protruding portion and the recessed portion) by which the protruding member 6 is connected to the protruding member mounting portion 50a1. , 50a2 or 150a1, 150a2 may be formed shallow so as to be easily removed. 3A (that is, the movable member edge portion 50a1 protrudes in the digging machine outward direction E _out from the movable member end surface portion 50a2), the concave portion thereof. 3 (b) (that is, the movable member end surface portion 150a2 protrudes from the movable member edge portion 150a1 in the outer direction E _out of the excavator). In this case, such sedimentation can be prevented or reduced. In addition, although the said protrusion member attaching part is good also as an above-mentioned uneven | corrugated | grooved part, as long as the said protrusion member 6 can be attached so that attachment or detachment is possible, it is good also as structures other than an uneven | corrugated | grooved part. For example, the projecting member 6 may be detachably attached to the movable member front end portion of the movable member using a known adhesive means such as a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive. It may be flat. If the protruding member 6 is easily detached from the tip of the movable member when the kneading blade 7 is driven, the protruding member 6 is locked by a known locking means such as a simple bolt. May be.

  According to the present invention, when earth and sand are fixed to the movable member tip portions 50a and 150a, the movable member 50 and 150 can be pulled out from the tubular member 3 to remove the fixed earth and sand. Moreover, when the earth and sand are adhering near the tubular member inlet portion 2a, the earth and sand (adhered earth and sand) can be crushed by the protruding member 6.

On the other hand, as the tubular member 3 described above,
・ An injection tube for injecting drugs to the ground side,
-Tubular members provided for drilling can be mentioned, but as long as they are tubular members, they may be used for other purposes, and the earth pressure gauge 5 is inserted instead of existing ones In order to do this, it may be a new one (dedicated pipe). Further, the tubular member only needs to be attached so as to communicate the inner side S _in and the outer side S _{out of the} excavator main body 2.
-It may be attached to the partition wall 21 so as to communicate the inner side (rear side) S _in and the outer side (front side) S _{out of the} partition wall 21, or
- the body 20A, the barrel body 20A so as to communicate the interior _{S in} and outside _{S out} of 20B, even those attached to 20B,
both are fine. In the former case (that is, when the earth pressure gauge 5 is installed on the tubular member 3 attached to the partition wall 21), the earth pressure gauge 5 is not opposite to the mixing blade 7. (That is, the tubular member inlet 2a is preferably disposed on the tubular member 3 not facing the kneading blade 7). When the earth pressure gauge 5 is installed on the tubular member 3 having the tubular member inlet 2a facing the mixing blade 7, the cobblestone (that is, the mixing blade) is inserted into the movable member 50 inserted through the tubular member 3. This is because there is a possibility that the earth pressure gauge 5 (more precisely, the movable member 50) may be destroyed by colliding with the cobblestone stirred in 7.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4A, the shield machine 1 according to the present invention moves the movable member 50 in the tubular machine 3 in the outside direction E _out and the inside direction E _{in the} tunnel machine, as shown in FIG. A movable member moving means 8 that can be moved is provided. This movable member moving means 8 is
A moving force generation source 80 for generating a force for moving the movable member 50 (hereinafter referred to as “moving force”);
A reaction force receiving portion 81 that receives a reaction force when moving the movable member 50;
It is good to comprise by. Here, the moving force generation source 80 may be anything as long as it generates the moving force. Specifically, a mechanical jack, a hydraulic pump (electrically or manually operated), a chain block, a lever block ( Registered trademark). Moreover, the reaction force receiving portion 81 illustrated in FIGS.
A flange 810 formed on the tubular member 3;
A long bolt 811 extending in the axial direction 3A of the tubular member 3 and supporting the moving force generation source 80 in a state of being inserted through the hole of the flange 810;
Of course, this is not a limitation. For example, a certain table (not shown) that does not easily move depending on the moving force may be used as the reaction force receiving portion. Incidentally, the movable member moving means 8, the when the movable member 50 is configured the movable member 50 to a position where it can be pulled out from the tubular member 3 so that it can be moved to the tunneling machine direction E _in Good (see FIG. 4B).

On the other hand, it includes a protruding member 6 which is detachably attached to the projecting member mounting portion 50a1,50a2 or 150A1,150a2, protruding member 6, the movable member 50, 150 to the excavation outboard direction _{E out} It is preferable that the earth and sand solidified in the vicinity of the tubular member inlet 2a can be crushed based on the movement. In this case, in the movable members 50 and 150, the protruding member 6 attached to the protruding member attaching portions 50 a 1 and 50 a 2 or 150 a 1 and 150 a 2 protrudes in the digging machine outward direction E _out from the tubular member inlet portion 2 a. It is good to have penetrated in the said tubular member 3 so that it can move to a position.

  By the way, the above-mentioned projecting member 6 should just be formed with the material which has the hardness which can crush the earth and sand to which it adheres, and can specifically mention solid materials, such as a piece of wood and ice. It is sufficient if the earth and sand fixed by the projecting member 6 can be cracked, and the earth and sand having cracks and the projecting member 6 are removed together by driving the kneading blade 7. Become.

On the other hand, the tunnel construction method according to the present invention is a method performed using the shield machine 1 having the above-described configuration,
- As illustrated in FIG. 4 (a) (b), the step of moving the movable member 50 to the excavation machine direction E _in by the movable member moving means 8,
Closing the tubular member 3 with the valve means 4;
A step of pulling out the movable member 50 moved _{in the} excavator inward direction Ein from the tubular member 3 as illustrated in FIG.
A step of attaching the protruding member 6 to the movable member front end portion 50a of the extracted movable member 50, as illustrated in FIG.
A step of inserting the movable member 50 attached with the protruding member 6 into the tubular member 3;
Opening the tubular member 3 by the valve means 4;
As illustrated in FIG. 5E, the movable member 50 is fixed in the vicinity of the tubular member inlet portion 2a based on the movable member moving means 8 moving the movable member 50 in the direction E _out of the excavator. Crushing earth and sand with the protruding member 6;
It is provided with. In the step shown in FIG. 5E, the movable member 50 may be pushed in the outward direction E _out of the excavator to crush the fixed earth and sand, and the movable member 50 may be returned slightly after the crushing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 2 Engraver body 2a Tubular member inlet part 3 Tubular member 3A Axial direction of tubular member 4 Valve means 5 Earth pressure gauge 6 Protruding member 8 Movable member moving means 20A, 20B Body 21 Bulkhead 50 Movable member 50a Movable member tip 50a1,50a2 projecting member mounting portion 51 outside the inner _{S out} the shield machine main body of the soil pressure measuring unit 150a1,150a2 projecting member mounting portion _{E in} excavation machine direction _{E out} excavation outboard direction _{S in} the shield machine main body

Claims (5)

An engraved machine main body comprising a substantially cylindrical body and a partition wall closing the body; a tubular member attached to the engraved machine body so as to communicate the inside and the outside of the engraved machine body; and In a shield machine with valve means that can be opened and closed,
The opening formed in the excavator main body and communicating with the tubular member is a “tubular member inlet portion”, and the direction from the inner side to the outer side of the excavator main body is the “excavator outer direction” When the direction opposite to the direction of the excavator is the “inward direction”,
A member inserted in the tubular member so as to be movable in the axial direction of the tubular member (hereinafter referred to as a “movable member”), and connected to the movable member and in the vicinity of the inlet of the tubular member An earth pressure gauge that measures the earth pressure of the excavator through the movable member , and an end portion of the movable member that is an end portion on the outer side of the excavator (hereinafter referred to as “movable member tip portion”). ”Is a portion (hereinafter referred to as“ protruding member attachment portion ”) that can removably attach a member (hereinafter referred to as“ protruding member ”) that protrudes outward from the tip of the movable member. the to) is provided,
The projecting member is detachably attached to the projecting member mounting portion, and can move the movable member outwardly from the excavating machine so that the solidified sand in the vicinity of the tubular member inlet portion can be crushed. To configure
The movable member includes a cylinder portion, a piston portion slidably fitted to a tip portion of the cylinder portion, a hydraulic fluid chamber formed by the cylinder portion and the piston portion and filled with oil, Formed by
Based on the fact that the protruding member is brought into contact with the cylinder portion, the force required when the protruding member crushes earth and sand is configured to be transmitted to the protruding member via the cylinder portion.
This is a shield machine. Movable member moving means capable of moving the movable member in the direction of the excavator and in the direction of the excavator;
The shield machine according to claim 1, comprising: The movable member moving means is configured to move the movable member in the inward direction of the excavator to a position where the movable member can be pulled out from the tubular member.
The shield machine according to claim 2. The movable member is inserted into the tubular member so that the projecting member attached to the projecting member attaching portion can move to a position where the projecting member protrudes more outward than the tubular member inlet portion.
The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shield machine is provided. In the construction method of the tunnel using the shield machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4 ,
Moving the movable member in the direction of the excavator by the movable member moving means;
Closing the tubular member with the valve means;
A step of pulling out the movable member moved in the inward direction from the tubular member;
Attaching the protruding member to the movable member tip of the extracted movable member;
Inserting the movable member attached with the protruding member into the tubular member;
Based on the step of opening the tubular member by the valve means, and moving the movable member outward by the movable member moving means, the earth and sand fixed in the vicinity of the inlet portion of the tubular member is the projecting member. Crushing by,
A tunnel construction method characterized by comprising:

Images