JP6468977B2 - Formwork construction method and formwork structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a formwork construction method for forming a work chamber in a caisson housing and a formwork structure.

  As a formwork construction method for forming a work chamber in the caisson housing, conventionally, a process of installing a blade fitting and an outer formwork on a leveled baseboard, and a process of constructing a support work on the inner peripheral side of the outer formwork, Are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for forming a support work by depositing earth and sand in a shape corresponding to a work room.

JP-A-60-19823

  In the form construction method shown in Patent Document 1, after the caisson housing is formed, it is necessary to remove earth and sand in the working chamber in order to remove the support work. However, in order to remove earth and sand, it is necessary to carry out the work of carrying out earth and sand from a small opening of the caisson housing in a narrow space of the work room, and there is a problem that work efficiency is low.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a formwork construction method and a formwork structure that can easily remove a support after the formation of a caisson housing. And

  A formwork construction method according to the present invention is a formwork construction method for forming a work chamber in a caisson housing, the step of installing a blade fitting and an outer formwork on a leveled bottom board, and an inner periphery of the outer formwork A step of constructing a support work on the side, the step of constructing the support work is a step of installing a plurality of frame members and a buffer material in which fluid is accommodated in a gap between the frame members A process.

  According to the method for constructing a formwork according to the present invention, the steps of constructing a support work include a step of installing a plurality of frame members and a step of installing a cushioning material in which a fluid is accommodated in a gap between the frame members And comprising. According to this, after the caisson housing is formed, the fluid is removed from the inside of the cushioning material, so that the fixation of the frame members is released, and the individual frame members are simply removed from the working chamber and easily supported. The work can be removed. As described above, the support work can be easily removed after the caisson housing is formed.

  Further, in the formwork construction method according to the present invention, the steps of constructing the support work include a step of installing a mat member on the upper end portion of the frame member and a step of installing a formwork material on the upper end portion of the mat member. Furthermore, the mat member may be capable of containing a fluid therein. According to this, after installing the frame member, the supporting work can be easily adjusted in the height direction by accommodating the fluid in the mat member. Moreover, when removing a support work, a framework member can be easily removed by removing a fluid from the inside of a mat member.

  Further, in the form construction method according to the present invention, the method includes a step of installing an opening frame member for forming an opening of the caisson housing at the upper end of the support work, and the cushioning material is connected to a pipe that supplies fluid. The tube may penetrate the opening frame member. According to this, the pipe for supplying the fluid to the buffer material can be easily broken.

  Moreover, in the form-building method which concerns on this invention, you may install the frame member corresponding to the shape of the side wall of a working chamber in the process of installing a frame member. According to this, the shape of the side wall of the working chamber can be accurately formed by the framework member.

  Moreover, in the formwork construction method according to the present invention, one frame member may be configured by combining a plurality of integrally formed blocks. According to this, a frame member having a desired size and shape can be easily formed by a combination of blocks.

  A formwork structure according to the present invention is a formwork structure that forms a work chamber in a caisson housing, and includes an outer formwork installed on a leveled bottom board, a blade fitting installed on the bottom board, A support constructed on the inner peripheral side of the mold, and the support is provided with a plurality of frame members and a cushioning material that is installed in a gap between the frame members and accommodates fluid therein.

  According to the formwork structure concerning the present invention, the same operation and effect as the above-mentioned formwork construction method can be produced.

  In the formwork structure according to the present invention, the support work may include a mat member installed at the upper end portion of the frame member, and the mat member may be capable of accommodating a fluid therein. According to this, after installing the frame member, the support work can be easily adjusted in the height direction by accommodating the fluid in the mat member. Moreover, when removing a support work, a framework member can be easily removed by removing a fluid from the inside of a mat member.

  In the formwork structure according to the present invention, the cushioning material includes an elastic member that extends by supplying fluid to the inside and can be shrunk by removing the fluid from the inside. The opening part of a housing is formed, and an expansion-contraction member may be installed in the position corresponding to an opening part. According to this, when the support work is removed, the work space can be quickly secured in the vicinity of the opening by shrinking the elastic member.

  According to the present invention, the support work can be easily removed after the caisson housing is formed.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a formwork structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a caisson housing is formed on the formwork structure shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a caisson housing formed by a formwork structure. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a formwork structure according to a modification. It is a figure which shows an example of a shock absorbing material. It is a figure which shows an example of a shock absorbing material.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a formwork structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is placed on the formwork structure shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a caisson housing formed by a formwork structure. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. The formwork structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a formwork for forming the work chamber 3 in the caisson housing 2.

  First, the caisson housing 2 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the caisson housing 2 has a ceiling portion 2a and side walls 2b extending downward from the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling portion 2a. A blade fitting 4 is provided at the lower end of the side wall 2b. The lower end of the side wall 2 b is installed on the bottom board G via the blade fitting 4. Moreover, the opening part 2c penetrated to an up-down direction is formed in the center position of the ceiling part 2a. A space surrounded by the bottom plate G, the ceiling portion 2a, and the side wall 2b is configured as a work chamber 3.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 1-4, the formwork structure 100 which forms the working chamber 3 in the above caisson housing 2 is demonstrated. The formwork structure 100 includes a blade cap 4, an outer formwork 6, a support 7, and an opening frame member 8.

  The blade metal fitting 4 is a ring-shaped metal piece installed on the leveled bottom board G. The cross-sectional shape of the blade fitting 4 is substantially V-shaped. The lower end portion of the blade fitting 4 is installed on the bottom board G. The outer mold 6 is a cylindrical mold for forming the outer peripheral surface of the caisson housing 2 that is installed on the leveled base G. The outer mold 6 is installed at a position corresponding to the outer peripheral end of the blade cap 4. The outer mold 6 may be supported from the outside by a support 9 or the like.

  The support 7 is an inner mold for forming the work chamber 3 inside the caisson housing 2. The support work 7 is constructed on the inner peripheral side of the outer mold frame 6 on the leveled base G. In the present embodiment, the support work 7 has a truncated cone shape. The support 7 is installed at a plurality of frame members 10, a cushioning material 11 installed in a gap between the frame members 10, a mat member 12 installed at the upper end of the frame member 10, and an upper end of the mat member 12. And a formwork material 13 to be formed.

  The material of the frame member 10 is preferably a material that can be easily removed manually by an operator at the time of disassembly without relying on heavy machinery or the like. For example, a polystyrene foam may be employed. An EPS block, an eslenite block, or the like may be employed as the expanded polystyrene. In addition, wood, resin, or the like may be employed as the material of the frame member 10. The frame member 10 is a member that extends from the bottom plate G to the upper end side of the support member 7 in a predetermined region in the horizontal direction in the support member 7. One frame member 10 may be constituted by one integrally formed block. Alternatively, each frame member 10 may be configured by combining a plurality of integrally formed blocks. For example, like the skeleton member 10A shown in FIG. 2, it may be configured by combining a plurality of blocks 10a in the vertical direction. Or you may be comprised by combining several block 10b in a horizontal direction like the skeleton member 10B shown in FIG. The blocks may be fixed to each other with an adhesive or the like, but may not be fixed. The frame member 10 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the side wall of the work chamber (the side wall 2b of the caisson housing 2). Specifically, the frame member 10 that is installed on the outer peripheral side is inclined so as to go to the inner peripheral side as it goes upward so that the side surface on the outer peripheral side corresponds to the shape of the work chamber 3. Yes.

  The buffer material 11 is a member in which a fluid is accommodated. As the fluid, for example, a gas such as air or a liquid such as water may be employed. Any material may be adopted as the cushioning material 11 as long as it can accommodate a fluid therein and its shape changes with the supply of the fluid. For example, the cushioning material 11 may be a mat-like or bag-like member that expands with the supply of fluid, or may be a bellows-like member that extends with the supply of fluid. In addition, the material of the outer cover of the buffer material 11 may be resin, rubber, or the like. A pipe L is connected to the buffer material 11, and fluid may be supplied through the pipe L. The fluid may be discharged through the pipe L. However, the internal fluid may be discharged to the spot by breaking the buffer material 11. The tube L passes through the opening frame member 8 and is drawn to the outside. However, the pipe L may extend upward and pass through the ceiling portion 2a of the caisson housing 2 and be drawn out to the outside.

  For example, an elastic member 40 as shown in FIG. 6 may be used as a cushioning material. The expansion / contraction member 40 is a cylindrical member having a side surface formed in a bellows shape. The expansion / contraction member 40 extends by supplying a fluid to the inside and can be contracted by removing the fluid from the inside. The elastic member 40 is connected to a pipe 41 that can supply and discharge fluid. The pipe 41 is provided with a valve 42 capable of controlling the flow of fluid. The tube 41 may penetrate the caisson housing 2. Further, the elastic member 40 may be installed at a position corresponding to the opening 2c, and the tube 41 may penetrate the opening 2c. The stretchable member 40 is installed at a position that overlaps part or all of the opening 2c when viewed from above and below. According to such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), when removing the cushioning material from the gap between the frame members, the fluid is discharged from the elastic member 40 and contracted to the ceiling portion 2a side to be in a compact state. It can be. In this way, the cushioning material can be removed with a simple operation. In particular, it is preferable to quickly secure a working space in the vicinity of the opening 2c for carrying out the skeleton member, but by using the telescopic member 40 as shown in FIG. By simply doing this, a work space can be quickly secured in the vicinity of the opening 2c. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, by installing a plurality of elastic members 40 in the vicinity of the opening 2c, a large work space can be quickly provided in the vicinity of the opening 2c at the start of the support work removal work. Can be secured.

  With reference to FIG. 4, an example of the installation aspect of the frame member 10 is demonstrated. However, the frame member 10 may be arranged in any manner and is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when viewed from above, the support 7 is divided into a plurality of regions, and the frame member 10 is installed in each region. Moreover, the buffer material 11 is arrange | positioned in the clearance gap between area | regions, ie, the clearance gap between the other frame members 10 adjacent to one frame member 10. FIG. In the example of FIG. 4, a circular frame member 10 having the same diameter as the opening 2 c is disposed at the center position, and a plurality of frame members 10 are disposed so as to surround the outer periphery thereof in a circular shape via the cushioning material 11. . These frame members 10 are configured to divide a circular shape into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction. A cushioning material 11 is disposed in the gap between the frame members 10 divided in the circumferential direction. Further, the outermost frame member 10 is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery in a circular shape with the cushioning material 11 interposed therebetween. These outermost frame members 10 are configured to divide a circular shape into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction. However, as for the frame member 10 on the outermost peripheral side, the cushioning material 11 is not disposed in the gap between each other. As a result, the entire outer peripheral surface of the support member 7 is constituted by the surface of the frame member 10. In addition, in FIG. 4, although the buffer material 11 is arrange | positioned in the clearance gap between the frame members 10 without a cut | interruption, you may arrange | position the several buffer material 11 divided | segmented into the clearance gap.

  The mat member 12 is a flat member disposed at the upper ends of the frame member 10 and the cushioning material 11. The mat member 12 can accommodate a fluid therein. That is, it can expand | swell to predetermined thickness by supplying a fluid after installation. The formwork 13 is a plate-like member disposed on the mat member 12 and is a frame that forms the lower surface of the ceiling portion 2 a of the caisson housing 2. The material of the mold material 13 is not particularly limited, and resin, metal, or the like may be employed.

  The opening frame member 8 has a cylindrical shape. The opening frame member 8 extends through the mat member 12 and the mold material 13 to the upper end portions of the frame member 10 and the cushioning material 11. The upper end portion of the opening frame member 8 extends upward from the upper surface of the caisson housing 2. A frame member 10 is disposed inside the opening frame member 8. The space on the inner peripheral side of the opening 2 c of the caisson housing 2 formed by the opening frame member 8 is a space through which the skeleton member 10 passes when the support work 7 is disassembled. That is, when viewed from above, the size of the space on the inner peripheral side of the opening 2c is preferably set to a size that allows each frame member 10 to pass therethrough.

  Next, the formwork construction method for forming the work chamber 3 in the caisson housing 2 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, first, a step of excavating the ground to the blade edge installation height and leveling the bottom G is executed. Next, the process of installing the blade end fitting 4 and the outer mold frame 6 on the leveled base G is executed. Next, a step of constructing the support 7 on the inner peripheral side of the outer mold 6 is executed. In the step of constructing the support member 7, a step of installing a plurality of frame members 10, a step of installing a buffer material 11 in a gap between the frame members 10, and a mat member 12 at the upper ends of the frame member 10 and the buffer material 11. And the step of installing the formwork 13 on the upper end of the mat member 12 are executed. And the process of installing the opening frame member 8 in the upper end part of a support work is performed. Thus, the formwork structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 is constructed.

  For example, the shock absorbing material 11 in a state where no fluid is initially stored is set in advance at a predetermined position, the frame member 10 is set, and then the fluid is supplied to the inside of the shock absorbing material 11 so that the frame member The frame member 10 may be fixed by filling a gap between the ten members. Alternatively, the frame member 10 is installed at a predetermined position, and each time a buffer material 11 that does not contain a fluid is installed in the gap of the frame member 10, and the fluid is supplied into the buffer material 11 after the installation is completed. By doing so, you may fill the gap between the frame members 10 and fix the frame members 10.

  The order of installing the frame members 10 is not particularly limited, but the outermost frame members (frame members for forming the side walls of the working chamber) 10 are installed over the entire circumference, and sequentially from the outer circumference side to the inner circumference side. You may install the frame member 10 in order.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, concrete is placed on the formwork structure 100 to form the caisson housing 2. Thereby, the ceiling part 2a, the side wall 2b, the work chamber 3, and the opening part 2c of the caisson housing 2 are formed.

  After the caisson housing 2 is formed, the work for disassembling the mold structure 100 is performed. First, the process of removing the outer mold 6 from the outer peripheral surface of the caisson housing 2 is performed. Next, a step of removing the opening frame member 8 from the opening 2c of the caisson housing 2 is performed. As a result, the opening 2c of the caisson housing 2 is opened. In this state, a step of taking out each component constituting the support 7 from the opening 2c is executed.

  First, a step of discharging fluid from the buffer material 11 and the mat member 12 is executed. The discharge may be performed using the pipe L, or the fluid may be discharged on the spot by destroying the buffer material 11 or the like. Thereby, fixation of each frame member 10 is cancelled | released, and it will be in the state which is easy to take out. Next, a step of carrying out the frame member 10 from the opening 2c to the outside is performed. Moreover, the process of carrying out the mat member 12 and the mold material 13 from the opening 2c to the outside is executed. As described above, the mold structure 100 is disassembled, and the caisson housing 2 as shown in FIG. 3 is completed.

  Next, the function and effect of the formwork construction method and the formwork structure 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  According to the formwork construction method according to the present embodiment, the step of constructing the support member 7 includes a step of installing a plurality of frame members 10 and a cushioning material in which a fluid is accommodated in a gap between the frame members 10. 11 is provided. The support structure 7 of the formwork structure 100 includes a plurality of frame members 10 and a buffer material 11 that is installed in a gap between the frame members 10 and accommodates a fluid therein. The frame member 10 can be easily installed by using the buffer material 11 using a fluid as a gap, and the frame member 10 can be firmly fixed by supplying the fluid to the buffer material 11. Moreover, sufficient strength of the support work 7 can be secured by being supported by the frame member 10.

  In addition, after the caisson housing 2 is formed, the fluid is removed from the inside of the cushioning material 11 to release the fixation of the frame member 10 and easily remove the individual frame member 10 from the work chamber 3. The support work 7 can be removed. As described above, the support work 7 can be easily removed after the caisson housing 2 is formed. Note that the formwork structure 100 according to the present embodiment can also obtain the same actions and effects.

  Moreover, in the formwork construction method according to the present embodiment, the steps of constructing the support member 7 include the step of installing the mat member 12 at the upper end portion of the frame member 10 and the formwork material 13 at the upper end portion of the mat member 12. The mat member 12 can contain a fluid therein. According to this, after installing the skeleton member 10, the supporting work 7 can be easily adjusted in the height direction by accommodating the fluid in the mat member 12. Further, when removing the support member 7, the frame member 10 can be easily removed by removing the fluid from the inside of the mat member 12. Note that the formwork structure 100 according to the present embodiment can also obtain the same actions and effects.

  In the form construction method according to the present embodiment, a step of installing an opening frame member 8 for forming the opening 2c of the caisson housing 2 at the upper end of the support 7 is provided. The pipe L penetrates the opening frame member 8. According to this, the pipe | tube L which supplies the fluid to the shock absorbing material 11 can be broken easily.

  In the formwork construction method according to the present embodiment, in the step of installing the frame member 10, the frame member 10 corresponding to the shape of the side wall of the work chamber 3 is installed. According to this, the shape of the side wall of the working chamber 3 can be accurately formed by the frame member 10.

  Moreover, in the formwork construction method according to the present embodiment, one frame member 10 is configured by combining a plurality of integrally formed blocks. According to this, the frame member 10 having a desired size and shape can be easily formed by a combination of blocks.

  Moreover, in the formwork structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the cushioning material 11 includes an elastic member 40 that extends by supplying a fluid to the inside and can be contracted by removing the fluid from the inside. 7, an opening 2c of the caisson housing 2 may be formed, and the elastic member 40 may be installed at a position corresponding to the opening 2c. According to this, when the support work 7 is removed, the work space can be quickly secured in the vicinity of the opening 2c by shrinking the elastic member 40.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

  For example, the shape and arrangement of the frame member and the cushioning material described above are merely examples, and may be changed as appropriate.

  Moreover, you may employ | adopt the formwork structure 200 as shown in FIG. In the formwork structure 200, a part of the support 7 is composed of the skeleton member 10 and the buffer material 11, and the other part is composed of earth and sand 30. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5, a skeleton member 10 and a cushioning material 11 that can be easily removed are installed in the vicinity of the opening 2 c where a work space should be secured promptly during the removal work. On the other hand, the support 7 is composed of earth and sand 30 on the outer peripheral side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Caisson housing | casing, 2a ... Ceiling part, 2b ... Side wall, 2c ... Opening part, 3 ... Work room, 4 ... Outer metal fitting, 7 ... Outer formwork, 7 ... Supporting work, 8 ... Opening frame member, 9 ... Support DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Frame member, 11 ... Buffer material, 12 ... Matt member, 13 ... Formwork material, 30 ... Earth and sand, 40 ... Elastic member, 41 ... Pipe, 42 ... Valve, 100 ... Formwork structure, L ... Pipe

Claims (8)

A mold construction method for forming a work room in a caisson housing,
A process of installing a blade fitting and an outer formwork on a leveled base;
And a step of constructing a support work on the inner peripheral side of the outer mold,
The process of constructing the support is
Installing a plurality of frame members;
And a step of installing a cushioning material in which a fluid is accommodated in a gap between the frame members formed by separating the frame members in the horizontal direction . The process of constructing the support is
Installing a mat member on the upper end of the frame member;
Further comprising the step of installing a formwork material on the upper end of the mat member,
The form construction method according to claim 1, wherein the mat member can accommodate a fluid therein. A step of installing an opening frame member for forming an opening of the caisson housing at the upper end of the support;
The form construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer material is connected to a pipe that supplies the fluid, and the pipe penetrates the opening frame member. In the step of installing the skeleton member,
The formwork construction method as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which installs the frame member corresponding to the shape of the side wall of the said working chamber.   The said frame member per one is a formwork construction method as described in any one of Claims 1-4 comprised by combining multiple blocks formed integrally. A formwork structure that forms a working chamber in the caisson housing,
An outer formwork installed on a leveled bottom,
A blade fitting installed on the bottom plate,
A support construction constructed on the inner peripheral side of the outer formwork,
The support work is
A plurality of frame members;
A formwork structure comprising: a cushioning material that is installed in a gap between the frame members formed by separating the frame members from each other in the horizontal direction, and contains a fluid therein. The support is provided with a mat member installed at the upper end of the frame member,
The formwork structure according to claim 6, wherein the mat member can accommodate a fluid therein. The cushioning material includes an expansion / contraction member that extends by supplying fluid to the inside and can contract by removing fluid from the inside,
An opening of the caisson housing is formed at the upper end of the support,
The formwork structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the stretchable member is installed at a position that overlaps a part or all of the opening when viewed from above and below .

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