JP6473507B2 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle including a power storage device that supplies power to a load, and a power storage device housing portion that is provided on a vehicle side and to which the power storage device is detachable.

  In recent years, an electric vehicle that is driven by electric power from a power storage device and travels has been adopted. For electric vehicles, a so-called EV (electric vehicle), HEV (hybrid vehicle), PHEV (plug-in hybrid vehicle), and FCV (fuel cell electric vehicle) are used. ) Etc. are included.

  In an electric vehicle, in addition to the main battery corresponding to the transient performance during normal driving and the travel distance required by many people, for example, the electric vehicle may include a sub-battery that extends the driving distance or supplies power in an emergency. is there. The sub-battery is set to a predetermined number and can be removed from the electric vehicle and charged at home or the like by an external charger.

  As this type of technology, for example, an electric bicycle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3699135 is known. The electric bicycle includes an electric motor and a battery case that is formed in an elongated shape and houses a battery that serves as a power source for the electric motor. The battery case is disposed between the seat tube and the rear wheel so that the longitudinal direction of the battery case is directed in the vertical direction in a vehicle-mounted state, and is detachably disposed on the vehicle body frame side.

  In the above-described electric bicycle, since the capacity of the battery itself is small and compact, the battery case can be easily handled even when the battery case is attached or detached in the vertical direction.

  On the other hand, a battery for an electric vehicle is large and heavy because it requires a larger capacity than an electric bicycle. For this reason, when the above-described configuration of the electric bicycle is applied to an electric vehicle, there is a problem in that a load (self-weight) is applied when a heavy battery is taken out upward, and the load on the operator increases.

  Moreover, in the electric vehicle, there is a restriction in the height direction in the vehicle compartment, and it becomes difficult to take a space in the height direction. This complicates the work of attaching and detaching the battery case in the vertical direction and may not be able to cope with this type of configuration.

  Furthermore, when applied to an electric vehicle, it is necessary to cope with an external load due to a collision or the like. For example, when the battery is mounted on the rear part of the vehicle, it is necessary to avoid a crushable zone for dealing with an impact from the rear. Thereby, the mounting position of the battery is set to a position that is considerably inward from the rear of the vehicle, and there is a problem that it is difficult to insert the battery. In addition, the battery is a heavy object as described above, and it is desirable to mount the battery at a low position (with a low center of gravity) in order to satisfy the running performance of the vehicle and the collision resistance.

  The present invention solves this type of problem, and provides an electric vehicle capable of easily and quickly performing the attaching / detaching operation of the power storage device without being affected by the mounting position of the power storage device. For the purpose.

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle including a power storage device that supplies power to a load, and a power storage device housing portion that is provided on a vehicle side and to which the power storage device is detachable. The power storage device accommodating portion accommodates a slide member, a lid member that is opened when the power storage device is attached / detached, and a slide member, and rotates around a fulcrum pin provided near an end portion on the storage direction side. Thus, an end portion on the opposite side to the storage direction is provided with a casing that can swing in the vertical direction .

The slide member has an internal slide surface that slides the power storage device in a state of being largely inclined in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction when being attached and detached. The lid member is provided at the lower end portion of the lid member and supports the lid member in a rotatable manner, and extends from the support rod to the lower side of the casing and slides on the lower end of the casing via the link pin. A link part that comes into contact with the guide, and a guide having one end rotatably supported by the casing via the support rod and the other end rotatably supported by the upper end side of the lid member via the support rod of the lid member And a guide member having a lid-side slide surface that slides the power storage device continuously with the inner slide surface when the lid member is opened. When the power storage device is removed, the end of the casing opposite to the casing storage direction is pushed up by the link portion of the lid member, so that the inner slide surface and the lid slide surface are downward from the horizontal direction with respect to the loading direction of the power storage device. Is provided at a position where the end of the inner slide surface and the end of the lid slide surface face each other, and the end of the lid slide surface is the end of the inner slide surface. It is arranged above. In addition, a curved portion larger than the step is formed in the lower portion of the end surface on the side opposite to the loading direction of the power storage device.

  In this electric vehicle, it is preferable that the inner slide surface and the lid slide surface at the time of attachment / detachment be inclined downward from the horizontal direction with respect to the loading direction of the power storage device. At this time, a step is provided at a position where the end of the inner slide surface and the end of the lid slide surface face each other, and the end of the lid slide surface is the end of the inner slide surface. It is preferable that it is arranged above.

  Furthermore, in this electric vehicle, when the lid member is opened, the inclined portion is formed so that the inner slide surface is inclined by 10 ° to 20 ° from the horizontal direction toward the loading direction of the power storage device. It is preferable to be provided.

  Furthermore, in this electric vehicle, the guide member preferably includes two or more guide rails parallel to each other.

  In this electric vehicle, it is preferable that the opening / closing angle of the guide member by opening / closing the lid member exceeds 90 °.

  According to the present invention, the power storage device can slide along the inner slide surface in a posture in which a load is applied in the horizontal direction. For this reason, it is not necessary to slide the power storage device, which is a heavy object, in the vertical direction (up and down direction), and the load on the operator can be reduced.

  In addition, the lid member is provided with a lid-side slide surface that slides the power storage device continuously with the internal slide surface when the lid member is opened. Therefore, the power storage device can be easily attached / detached even when the power storage device accommodating portion is disposed in the interior of the electric vehicle, particularly in a portion far from the outer wall of the electric vehicle.

  As a result, it is possible to easily and quickly perform the attaching / detaching operation of the power storage device without being affected by the mounting position of the power storage device.

1 is a schematic plan view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is front explanatory drawing seen from the back of the said electric vehicle. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part of a sub battery pack and a power storage device housing portion that constitute the electric vehicle. It is a perspective explanatory view of the power storage device housing. It is side surface explanatory drawing of the said electrical storage apparatus accommodating part. It is an inside explanatory view of the power storage device accommodation part. FIG. 6 is an internal explanatory diagram of a state where a lid member of the power storage device housing is closed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, although the electric vehicle 10 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is EV, it is not limited to this. As will be described later, any vehicle using a detachable sub-battery pack (power storage device) can be applied to various electric vehicles such as HEV, PHEV, and FCV.

  The electric vehicle 10 is provided with a seat 16 serving as a driver's seat at a substantially central portion of the vehicle body 12 in the front-rear direction (vehicle length direction) (arrow A direction), that is, at a substantially intermediate position between the front wheels 14F and the rear wheels 14R. . A relatively high output and expensive main battery pack (power storage device) 18 having a low internal resistance is disposed below the seat 16 below the seat.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inexpensive sub-battery group 20 having a relatively high internal resistance is disposed between the rear wheels 14R and is located in the vicinity of the upper side of the rear wheel 14R on the arrow B2 direction side. The The sub battery group 20 includes, for example, two sub battery packs 20a and 20b.

  Sub-battery packs 20a, 20b and main battery pack 18 are connected in parallel to each other via a converter and are accommodated in power storage device accommodating portions 22a, 22b on the vehicle side. The sub-battery packs 20a and 20b can be charged not only in a vehicle-mounted charger (not shown) but also at home or the like by being detached from the electric vehicle 10 and using an external charger (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the sub-battery pack 20a includes a battery body 24a and a lid body 24b made by molding with a resin material. The battery body 24a includes a control board (not shown) and a plurality of battery cells. Is stored. A connector 24c is provided at the end of the battery main body 24a in the arrow Af direction (front direction of the vehicle), and a handle 24d is provided at the end of the battery main body 24a in the direction of arrow Ab (rear direction of the vehicle). The battery body 24a and the lid body 24b are mounted via a seal member 24e.

  Inclined surfaces 24as are formed on the four side surfaces of the battery body 24a by a draft angle during die cutting, while inclined surfaces 24bs are formed on the four side surfaces of the lid body 24b by the draft angle. The inclined surface 24as is inclined inward along a direction away from the end on the seal member 24e side (a direction away from the lid 24b). The inclined surface 24bs is inclined inward along a direction away from the end on the seal member 24e side (a direction away from the battery body 24a).

  As shown in FIG. 4, curved portions R1 and R2 having an R shape (curved shape) are formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the sub battery pack 20a. The curved portion R1 is formed below the end surface where the handle 24d is provided. The curved portions R1 and R2 are set in a curved shape so that an end portion 54e of an inner slide surface 54s, which will be described later, and an end portion 42e of the lid side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs overcome a step provided at an opposing position. (See FIG. 6).

  In particular, only the curved portion R1 that is effective when taking out the sub battery pack 20a may be provided. The sub battery pack 20b is configured in the same manner as the sub battery pack 20a described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the power storage device housing portion 22a includes a base portion 26 fixed to the vehicle frame 12f. The base portion 26 is fixed to the vehicle frame 12f via a fixture (for example, a fixing screw) 28, and a casing 30 is supported on the base portion 26 so as to be tiltable. At the bottom of the casing 30, a fulcrum pin 32 is inserted into a lower end hole 31a in the direction of arrow Af. The casing 30 swings up and down on the end side in the direction of arrow Ab with the fulcrum pin 32 as a fulcrum.

  A lid member 34 that is opened when the sub battery pack 20a is attached or detached is provided at the end of the casing 30 in the direction of the arrow Ab. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the lid member 34 is swingably supported by the base portion 26 via a support rod 36, and a link portion ( An inclined portion) 38 is provided. The link portion 38 engages with the lower end recessed portion 31 b of the casing 30 in the arrow Ab direction via the link pin 40.

  At a position where the lid member 34 closes the casing 30 (standing position), the lower end recess 31b of the casing 30 moves downward, the link pin 40 is located at the same position as the support rod 36, and the casing 30 is in a horizontal position. Maintained (see FIG. 7). In the horizontal posture in which the lid member 34 is opened, the link pin 40 is moved upward by the link portion 38 and lifts the end portion of the casing 30 in the arrow Ab direction upward. As shown in FIG. 5, the casing 30 is disposed so as to incline by 10 ° to 20 ° downward from the horizontal direction in the loading direction (arrow Af direction).

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lid member 34 is provided with a guide member 42 that slides the sub battery pack 20 a when the lid member 34 is opened. The guide member 42 includes a pair of guide rails 42a and 42b. On the upper surfaces of the guide rails 42a and 42b, lid-side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs that the sub battery pack 20a contacts and slides are provided.

  One end of the guide rails 42a and 42b is supported by the casing 30 via the support rod 44a, and the other end of the guide rails 42a and 42b is supported by the support rod 44b. The guide rails 42a and 42b are formed of, for example, a rubber member.

  A lock lever 46 is provided on the top of the lid member 34, and a lock portion 48 operated by the lock lever 46 engages with a striker 50 provided at the upper end of the casing 30 in the direction of arrow Ab.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the sub-battery pack 20a is accommodated in a horizontal position on the bottom surface of the casing 30, and the sub-battery pack 20a is tilted by 10 ° to 20 ° in the vertical direction with respect to the horizontal direction when being attached or detached. A slide member 52 is provided for sliding in the above state. The slide member 52 is provided with a linear protrusion 54 extending in the slide direction (arrow A direction) of the sub battery pack 20a.

  On the upper surface of the protrusion 54, an inner slide surface 54s is formed, which is in contact with the inclined surface 24as which is the bottom surface of the battery body 24a constituting the sub battery pack 20a. As shown in FIG. 4, one inner slide surface 54s is present on each of the arrow B1 side and the arrow B2 side across the center line SL (the center position in the width direction of the battery main body 24a) of the slide member 52. The inner slide surface 54s is separated from the seal member 24e.

  The inner slide surface 54s of the protrusion 54 and the lid slide surfaces 42as and 42bs of the guide rails 42a and 42b are inclined downward from the horizontal direction with respect to the loading direction (arrow Af direction) of the sub battery pack 20a. The inclination angle is, for example, 10 ° to 20 °.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a step is provided in the vertical direction at a position where the end portion 54e of the inner slide surface 54s and the end portions 42e of the lid slide surfaces 42as and 42bs face each other. The end portions 42e of the lid-side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs are disposed above the end portion 54e of the inner-side slide surface 54s by a distance S (for example, 2 mm).

  The opening / closing angle of the guide member 42 by opening / closing the lid member 34 is set to an angle exceeding 90 °. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the opening / closing angle of the guide member 42 with respect to the vertical surface 30s of the casing 30 is set to 92 °, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the side wall 30a is provided with a linear protrusion 56 formed with an inner slide surface 56s that contacts the lid 24b constituting the sub battery pack 20a. The protruding portion 56 extends in the sliding direction (arrow A direction) of the sub battery pack 20a.

  In this embodiment, the two protrusions 54 are provided on the slide member 52 and the one protrusion 56 is provided on the side wall 30a. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the slide member 52 may be provided with four protrusions, while the side wall 30a may be provided with a protrusion on the side of the sub battery pack 20a without providing the protrusion.

  Inside the casing 30, a connector 58 is provided at the tip end in the arrow Af direction. Connector 58 is electrically connected to connector 24c of sub battery pack 20a.

  Note that the power storage device housing portion 22b is configured in the same manner as the power storage device housing portion 22a described above, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Next, an operation of replacing the sub battery pack 20a in the electric vehicle 10 configured as described above will be described. The replacement work of the sub battery pack 20b is the same as the replacement work of the sub battery pack 20a, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the lid member 34 constituting the power storage device housing portion 22 a closes the casing 30, the casing 30 is maintained in a horizontal posture. For this reason, the sub battery pack 20a is accommodated in the casing 30 in a state of being held in a horizontal posture on the slide member 52.

  Therefore, the operator grasps the lock lever 46 and releases the lock portion 48, and then swings the lid member 34 in the horizontal direction with the support rod 36 as a fulcrum. As shown in FIG. 5, a link portion 38 is provided at the lower end portion of the lid member 34. Therefore, the link portion 38 lifts the end portion of the casing 30 in the arrow Ab direction upward via the link pin 40. Thus, when opened, the casing 30 is disposed so as to be inclined by 10 ° to 20 ° from the horizontal direction toward the arrow Ab direction.

  Next, the operator holds the handle 24d of the sub battery pack 20a and pulls out the sub battery pack 20a in the direction of the arrow Ab. At that time, the bottom surface of the sub battery pack 20a is in contact with the inner slide surface 54s, while the side surface of the sub battery pack 20a is in contact with the inner slide surface 56s. Therefore, the sub battery pack 20a can slide in the arrow Ab direction along the two inner slide surfaces 54s and 56s.

  The sub battery pack 20a is transferred from the inner slide surfaces 54s and 56s to the guide rails 42a and 42b, and then slides in the direction of the arrow Ab along the lid side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs of the guide rails 42a and 42b. It is taken out from the power storage device housing 22a.

  The charged sub-battery pack 20a slides in the direction of arrow Af along the lid-side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs of the guide rails 42a and 42b, and the inner-side slide surface 54s in the casing 30 from the lid-side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs. , 56s. The sub battery pack 20a slides in the direction of the arrow Af along the inner slide surfaces 54s and 56s, whereby the connector 24c of the sub battery pack 20a is electrically connected to the connector 58 in the casing 30.

  Further, the operator holds the lock lever 46 and swings the lid member 34 in the vertical direction with the support rod 36 as a fulcrum. Accordingly, the link portion 38 that swings downward integrally with the lid member 34 moves the end portion of the casing 30 in the arrow Ab direction through the link pin 40 downward. Accordingly, the lid member 34 closes the casing 30 and the casing 30 is held in a horizontal posture.

  On the other hand, when opened, as shown in FIG. 5, the casing 30 is held in a substantially horizontal posture (for example, a posture inclined at an angle of 10 ° to 20 ° upward from the horizontal direction toward the arrow Ab direction). . The sub-battery pack 20a can slide along the inner slide surfaces 54s and 56s in a posture in which a load is applied in the horizontal direction. For this reason, it is not necessary to slide the sub battery pack 20a, which is a heavy object, in the vertical direction (up and down direction), and the load on the operator can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the lid member 34 is provided with a pair of guide rails 42 a and 42 b that slide the sub battery pack 20 a when the lid member 34 is opened. On the upper surfaces of the guide rails 42a and 42b, lid-side slide surfaces 42as and 42bs that the sub-battery pack 20a contacts and slides are provided. Therefore, even when the power storage device accommodating portion 22a is arranged inside the electric vehicle 10, the operator does not need to enter the back side of the electric vehicle 10, and easily attaches / detaches the sub battery pack 20a. be able to.

  As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to easily and quickly perform the attaching / detaching operation of the sub battery pack 20a without being affected by the mounting position of the sub battery pack 20a.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner slide surface 54s and the lid slide surfaces 42as and 42bs are inclined downward from the horizontal direction with respect to the loading direction of the sub battery pack 20a. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, a step is provided in the vertical direction at a position where the end portion 54e of the inner slide surface 54s and the end portions 42e of the lid slide surfaces 42as and 42bs face each other. The end portions 42e of the lid-side slide surfaces 42as, 42bs are disposed above the end portion 54e of the inner-side slide surface 54s by a distance S.

  Therefore, when the sub battery pack 20a is loaded, the sub battery pack 20a can be smoothly transferred from the lid side slide surfaces 42as, 42bs to the inner side slide surface 54s without causing any catch. . In addition, the sub battery pack 20 a can be easily pressed into the casing 30.

  On the other hand, when the sub battery pack 20a is taken out, the curved portion R1 of the sub battery pack 20a is formed larger than the step, and it is possible to reliably prevent the sub battery pack 20a from being caught by the step. become. Therefore, the sub battery pack 20a can be easily taken out.

  Further, in the electric vehicle 10, the guide member 42 includes two guide rails 42a and 42b that are parallel to each other. Thereby, the sub battery pack 20a can be reliably slid with a simple configuration.

  Further, the guide member 42 is set at an opening / closing angle exceeding 90 °. Therefore, the sub battery pack 20a can be easily passed, and the sub battery pack 20a can be attached and detached effectively.

  In the present embodiment, the sub battery pack 20a is housed in the above-described structure as a power storage device. However, the main battery pack 18 may be housed in the above-described structure as a power storage device.

Claims (4)

A power storage device (18, 20a, 20b) for supplying power to the load;
A power storage device housing portion (22a, 22b) provided on the vehicle side, to which the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b) is detachable;
An electric vehicle (10) comprising:
The power storage device housing portions (22a, 22b) are configured to slide the power storage devices (18, 20a, 20b) in a state where they are inclined more in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction when being attached or detached. A slide member (52) having:
A lid member (34) that is opened when the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b) is attached or detached;
The slide member (52) is accommodated, and the end on the opposite side of the accommodation direction can be swung up and down by rotating around a fulcrum pin (32) provided near the end on the accommodation direction side. A casing (30),
With
In the lid member (34) ,
A support rod (36) provided at a lower end of the lid member (34) and rotatably supporting the lid member (34);
A link portion (38) extending from the support rod (36) to the lower side of the casing (30) and slidably contacting the lower end of the casing (30) via a link pin (40);
One end is rotatably supported by the casing (30) via a support rod (44a), and the other end is the upper end of the lid member (34) via a support rod (44b) of the lid member (34). A guide member (42) rotatably supported on the side, wherein the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b) is connected to the inner slide surface (54s, 56s) when the lid member (34) is opened. the cover side slide surface to slide the guide member (42) having (42as, 42bs), and is provided,
When the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b) is attached or detached, the end of the casing (30) opposite to the storage direction is pushed up by the link portion (38) of the lid member (34), thereby The slide surfaces (54s, 56s) and the lid-side slide surfaces (42as, 42bs) are inclined downward from the horizontal direction with respect to the loading direction of the power storage devices (18, 20a, 20b),
A step is provided at a position where the end of the inner slide surface (54s, 56s) and the end of the lid slide surface (42as, 42bs) face each other,
The ends of the lid-side slide surfaces (42as, 42bs) are disposed above the ends of the inner-side slide surfaces (54s, 56s),
The electric vehicle (10), wherein a curved portion (R1) larger than the step is formed in a lower portion of an end surface on a side opposite to a loading direction of the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b).   The electric vehicle (10) according to claim 1, wherein when the lid member (34) is opened, the inner slide surface (54s, 56s) is in a loading direction of the power storage device (18, 20a, 20b). The electric vehicle (10), wherein the inclined portion (38) is provided so as to be inclined by 10 ° to 20 ° downward from the horizontal direction.   The electric vehicle (10) according to claim 1, wherein the guide member (42) includes two or more guide rails (42a, 42b) parallel to each other.   The electric vehicle (10) according to claim 1, wherein an opening / closing angle of the guide member (42) by opening / closing of the lid member (34) exceeds 90 °.

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