JP6479434B2 - Smoke tube type boiler and exhaust heat recovery system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke tube type boiler mounted on a ship or the like and heating water by the heat of exhaust gas, and an exhaust heat recovery system to which the smoke tube type boiler is applied.

  The smoke pipe type composite boiler is provided with a plurality of smoke pipe groups in which the exhaust gas of the diesel engine flows in the water chamber, and a plurality of smoke pipes in which the combustion gas of the oil-fired boiler flows. Therefore, the exhaust gas flows to the plurality of smoke pipes, so that the heat of the exhaust gas can be recovered by water, and when the diesel engine is stopped, the oil-fired boiler operates and the combustion gas flows to the plurality of smoke pipes Thus, the heat of the combustion gas can be recovered by the water.

  As such a smoke pipe type boiler, there are, for example, the ones described in the following patent documents.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-329301 International Publication No. 2013/128484

  The above-described smoke tube type composite boiler is provided with an exhaust gas introduction chamber at the lower part of the water chamber, while an exhaust gas discharge chamber is provided at the upper part, and the exhaust gas introduction chamber and the exhaust gas discharge chamber are connected by a plurality of smoke pipes penetrating the water chamber. Is configured. In this case, since the exhaust gas is introduced from the plurality of diesel engines into the exhaust gas introduction chamber, the exhaust gas introduction chamber is divided into a plurality of portions by the partition walls. When the exhaust gas is introduced from the lower part of the exhaust gas introduction chamber at start-up, the temperature of the exhaust gas introduction chamber rises in order from the lower part at the time of start-up. The exhaust gas introduction chamber is thermally expanded when the temperature of the lower portion rises, so the lower portion of the exhaust gas introduction chamber is deformed so as to extend outward with respect to the upper portion. However, since the exhaust gas introduction chamber has the partition fixed inside and is divided into a plurality, it can not be thermally deformed uniformly, and stress is generated at the upper end of the partition (the connection with the lower part of the water chamber). There is a risk of acting and breaking.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flue pipe type boiler and an exhaust heat recovery system which suppress generation of a thermal stress locally to an exhaust gas introduction chamber at the time of boiler startup.

  The smoke tube type boiler of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises an exhaust gas introduction chamber provided in one of the water chambers, an exhaust gas discharge chamber provided in the other of the water chambers, the exhaust gas introduction chamber, and the exhaust gas discharge. An exhaust gas smoke pipe group comprising a plurality of smoke pipes communicating with the chamber through the water chamber, and the exhaust gas introduction chamber is composed of a plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers separated from each other by a predetermined distance It is characterized by

  Therefore, the exhaust gas introduction chamber provided in one of the water chambers is constituted of a plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers separated by a predetermined distance, so that when exhaust gas is introduced from the lower part into each divided exhaust gas introduction chamber at startup, In this divided exhaust gas introduction chamber, the temperature rises sequentially from the lower part. Each of the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers thermally expands when the temperature of the lower portion rises, so that the lower portion is deformed so as to spread outward with respect to the upper portion. At this time, since the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers are individually configured, the lower portion is thermally deformed uniformly, and stress does not concentrate on the upper end portion of the side gap on the connection portion side with the water chamber . As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of thermal stress in the exhaust gas introduction chamber locally when the boiler is started.

  In the smoke tube type boiler of the present invention, one end of the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber is fixed to the water chamber, an exhaust gas introduction unit is provided at the other end, and a gap between the adjacent divided exhaust gas introduction chambers is provided. It is characterized by

  Therefore, one end of the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber is fixed to the water chamber, and the other end where the exhaust gas introduction portion is provided has a gap with the adjacent divided exhaust gas introduction chamber. Since the end to be introduced becomes free, the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber can be deformed so as to expand freely outward without being constrained at the lower part at the time of startup.

  In the smoke tube type boiler according to the present invention, the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber has a hollow box shape, and one end thereof is fixed to the water chamber.

  Therefore, since the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber has a hollow box shape, the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber can be uniformly deformed so that the lower portion thereof extends outward.

  In the smoke tube type boiler according to the present invention, a furnace provided in one of the water chambers, a combustion gas discharge chamber provided in the other of the water chambers, the furnace and the combustion gas discharge chamber are penetrated through the water chamber. It is characterized in that a flue gas group for flue gas comprising a plurality of flue pipes communicating with each other is provided.

  Therefore, by providing the furnace, the combustion gas discharge chamber, and the flue gas group for exhaust gas for combustion gas, the composite boiler can be applied and the versatility can be improved.

  Further, an exhaust heat recovery system according to the present invention is characterized by comprising the above-described smoke pipe type boiler and a plurality of combustors for supplying exhaust gas to the plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers.

  Therefore, the generation of thermal stress in the exhaust gas introduction chamber can be suppressed locally when the boiler is started to extend the life, and the boiler operation rate can be improved.

  According to the smoke tube type boiler and the exhaust heat recovery system of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the generation of the thermal stress in the exhaust gas introduction chamber locally when the boiler is started.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an exhaust heat recovery system to which the smoke pipe boiler of the first embodiment is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an exhaust gas introduction chamber of a smoke tube type boiler. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a modification of the exhaust gas introduction chamber of the smoke tube type boiler. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a modification of the exhaust gas introduction chamber of the smoke tube type boiler. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an exhaust heat recovery system to which the smoke pipe boiler of the second embodiment is applied.

  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of a smoke tube boiler and an exhaust heat recovery system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments, and in the case where there are a plurality of embodiments, the present invention also includes those configured by combining the respective embodiments.

First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view showing an exhaust heat recovery system to which the smoke tube type boiler of the first embodiment is applied, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an exhaust gas introduction chamber of the smoke tube type boiler.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust heat recovery system 10 is mounted on a ship or the like and used, and a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) diesel engines (combustors) Provided in exhaust gas introduction pipes 31, 32, 33, and exhaust gas introduction pipes 31, 32, 33 for supplying the exhaust gas of the diesel engines 11, 12, 13 to the smoke pipe type boiler 21 NOx removal catalysts 41, 42, 43, exhaust gas discharge pipes 51, 52, 53 for discharging exhaust gas from the smoke pipe type boiler 21, and silencers (silencers) 61, 62, 63 provided in the exhaust gas discharge pipes 51, 52, 53. And consists of

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the smoke tube type boiler 21 has a water chamber 101, an exhaust gas introduction chamber 102, an exhaust gas discharge chamber 103, and an exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104.

  The water chamber 101 has a hollow box-like cylindrical shape, and water is filled therein. The water chamber 101 is provided with a water supply portion 111 at a lower portion of the outer peripheral portion, and a drain portion (steam discharge portion) 112 at an upper portion of the outer peripheral portion.

  The exhaust gas introduction chamber 102 is provided in the lower portion (one side) of the water chamber 101. The exhaust gas introducing chamber 102 is composed of a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123, and the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance. Is provided.

  The divided exhaust gas introduction chamber 121, 122, 123 has a hollow box-like cylindrical shape, the upper part (one end) is fixed to the lower part of the water chamber 101, and the lower part (the other end) is the exhaust gas introduction part 121a, 122a , 123a are provided. The three divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 are formed in substantially the same shape and in substantially the same size. Further, the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the lower part of the water chamber 101 so as to form an equilateral triangle, and there is a gap S between adjacent divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123. It is provided. The arrangement of the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122 and 123 in FIG. 1 is schematically described.

  The exhaust gas discharge chamber 103 is provided in the upper portion (the other) of the water chamber 101. The exhaust gas discharge chamber 103 is composed of a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 131, 132 and 133.

  The divided exhaust gas discharge chamber 131, 132, 133 is divided into a hollow box shape by the partition walls 134, 135, the lower portion (one end) is fixed to the upper portion of the water chamber 101, and the upper portion (the other end) Discharge parts 131a, 132a, and 133a are provided. In this case, for example, divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131 arranged in series by arranging two partition walls 134 and 135 in parallel at predetermined intervals in the hollow cylindrical exhaust gas discharge chamber 103. , 132, 133 are formed. In addition, the divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, and 133 may be formed in a fan shape by radially arranging the partition walls in the hollow box-shaped cylindrical exhaust gas discharge chamber 103. Further, as in the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102, a plurality of divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, 133 may be provided separately from each other. In this case, the gap between the divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, and 133 is formed smaller than the gap S between the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123.

  The exhaust gas tube group 104 is composed of three divided exhaust gas tube groups 141, 142, 143 corresponding to the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 and the divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, 133. The divided exhaust gas group 141, 142, 143 penetrates the water chamber 101 through the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123 of the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102 and the divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, 133 of the exhaust gas discharge chamber 103. And a plurality of smoke pipes 141a, 142a, 143a which communicate with each other.

  Here, the operation of the exhaust heat recovery system 10 of the first embodiment will be described.

  In the exhaust heat recovery system 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gases discharged from the diesel engines 11, 12, 13 pass through the exhaust gas introduction pipes 31, 32, 33, respectively, , 42, 43 and then introduced into the smoke tube type boiler 21. In the flue gas boiler 21, the exhaust gas is introduced individually into the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123, and flows through the exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104 to the divided exhaust gas discharge chambers 131, 132, 133, and the exhaust gas discharge pipes 51, 52 , 53 are discharged.

  On the other hand, water is supplied from the water supply unit 111 into the water chamber 101, and exchanges heat with the exhaust gas flowing in the plurality of smoke pipes 141a, 142a, and 143a constituting the exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104. That is, water is heated by the exhaust gas to generate steam. In this case, the water chamber 101 can discharge only the steam generated from the drainage portion 112 if the space portion is provided at the upper portion inside, and when the water is filled up to the upper portion inside, the water and steam from the drainage portion 112 The two-phase flow is discharged and the steam is separated by a steam separator (not shown).

  At this time, the exhaust gas is introduced from the lower part of the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123, so that the temperature rises sequentially from the lower part to the upper part, and the lower part thermally deforms so that the lower part expands outward. . However, since the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 are individually configured, the lower portion is thermally deformed uniformly to the outside, and the upper end portion of the side gap at the connecting portion side with the water chamber 101 is There is no concentration of local stresses and breakage is prevented. Further, since the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123 are individually and independently configured, each of the plurality of diesel engines 11, 12, and 13 can be used even when one diesel engine is not used. Since the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123 are thermally deformed individually, local stress is not concentrated, and breakage is prevented.

  In addition, the smoke pipe type boiler 21 of this embodiment is not limited to the structure mentioned above. FIG.3 and FIG.4 is a schematic plan view showing the modification of the waste gas introduction chamber of a smoke tube type | mold boiler.

As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 201 is provided in the lower part of the water chamber 101. The exhaust gas introduction chamber 201 is composed of a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 202, 203 and 204 provided so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance. The divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 202, 203, 204 are in the form of a hollow box-shaped square pole, and the upper portion thereof is fixed to the lower portion of the water chamber 101. And adjacent division | segmentation waste gas introduction | transduction chamber 202, 203, 204 is provided with the clearance gap S among them. The three divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 202, 203, 204 are formed to different dimensions in accordance with the displacement of the diesel engines 11, 12, 13. Therefore, by making divided | segmented waste gas introduction chamber 202, 203, 204 into a square cylinder shape, it can arrange | position mutually mutually, and divided waste gas introduction chamber 202, 203, 204 can be arrange | positioned efficiently.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 211 is provided in the lower part of the water chamber 101. The exhaust gas introduction chamber 211 is composed of a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 212, 213 and 214 provided so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance. The divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 212, 213, and 214 have a box shape in which a hollow cylinder is divided into three in series, and the upper portion thereof is fixed to the lower portion of the water chamber 101. And adjacent division | segmentation waste gas introduction chamber 212, 213, 214 comrades with the clearance gap S among them. Therefore, the plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 212, 213, and 214 can be efficiently arranged with respect to the water chamber 101 having a cylindrical shape.

  Thus, in the smoke tube type boiler according to the first embodiment, the water chamber 101, the exhaust gas introducing chamber 102 provided in one of the water chambers 101, the exhaust gas discharging chamber 103 provided in the other of the water chambers 101, and the exhaust gas An exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104 comprising a plurality of smoke pipes 141a, 142a and 143a communicating the introduction chamber 102 and the exhaust gas discharge chamber 103 through the water chamber 101 is provided, and the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102 is separated from each other by a predetermined distance. A plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122 and 123 are provided.

  Therefore, when exhaust gas is introduced into each of the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 from the lower part at the start of the boiler, the temperature of the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, 123 rises sequentially from the lower part. Each of the divided exhaust gas introducing chambers 121, 122, and 123 thermally expands when the temperature of the lower portion rises, so that the lower portion is deformed so as to spread outward with respect to the upper portion. At this time, since the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123 are individually configured, the lower portion is thermally deformed uniformly, and stress does not concentrate on the connection portion with the water chamber 101. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of local thermal stress on the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102 at the time of startup of the boiler.

  In addition, when some diesel engines 11, 12, 13 of the plurality of diesel engines 11, 12, 13 are stopped due to problems with the exhaust system, etc., the divided exhaust gas corresponding to the stopped diesel engines 11, 12, 13 Exhaust gas is not introduced into the introduction chamber 121, 122, 123. At this time, since only the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber 121, 122, 123 into which the exhaust gas is introduced is thermally deformed, local stress is not concentrated and breakage is prevented. And at the time of use of the exhaust system without a trouble, repair work of the exhaust system which a trouble generate | occur | produced can be implemented, and workability | operativity can be improved.

  In the smoke tube type boiler of the first embodiment, one end of the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber 121, 122, 123 is fixed to the water chamber 101, and the other end is provided with exhaust gas introduction parts 121a, 122a, 123a, A gap S is provided between the exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123. Therefore, since the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123 have free ends at the side where exhaust gas is introduced, the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123 do not have their lower portions restrained at the time of startup. It can be deformed to spread freely outward.

  In the smoke tube type boiler of the first embodiment, the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123 have a hollow box shape, and one end thereof is fixed to the water chamber 101. Therefore, the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123 can be uniformly deformed so that the lower part extends outward.

  Further, in the exhaust heat recovery system of the first embodiment, the flue pipe type boiler 21 and the plurality of diesel engines 11, 12, 13 for supplying the exhaust gas to the plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, 123 are provided. There is. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of the local thermal stress to the exhaust gas introducing chamber 121, 122, 123 at the time of starting the boiler, and it is possible to improve the boiler operation rate.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an exhaust heat recovery system to which the smoke pipe boiler of the second embodiment is applied. The members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the exhaust heat recovery system 300 includes a plurality of diesel engines 11, 12, 13, a flue pipe type composite boiler 301, exhaust gas introduction pipes 31, 32, 33, and a NOx removal catalyst. 41, 42, an exhaust gas discharge pipe 51, 52, 53, 54, and silencers 61, 62, 63, 64.

  The smoke tube type composite boiler 301 includes the water chamber 101, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102, the exhaust gas discharge chamber 103, the exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104, the furnace 311, the combustion gas discharge chamber 312, and the combustion gas smoke pipe group 313. And. Here, since the water chamber 101, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102, the exhaust gas discharge chamber 103, and the exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, the description will be omitted.

  The furnace 311 is provided at the lower part of the water chamber 101, and is equipped with a burner 314. The combustion gas discharge chamber 312 is provided in the upper part of the water chamber 101, and a combustion gas discharge part 312a is provided. The combustion gas smoke pipe group 313 is composed of a plurality of smoke pipes 313 a which communicate the furnace 311 and the combustion gas discharge chamber 312 through the water chamber 101.

  Therefore, when the burner 314 operates, the combustion gas is filled in the furnace 311, and the combustion gas flows through the combustion gas smoke pipe group 313 to the combustion gas discharge chamber 312 and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust gas discharge pipe 54. . On the other hand, water is supplied from the water supply unit 111 into the water chamber 101, and flows through the plurality of smoke pipes 141a, 142a, 143a constituting the flue gas pipe group 104, or a plurality constituting the combustion gas smoke pipe group 313. The heat exchange is performed with the combustion gas flowing in the smoke pipe 313a. That is, water is heated by the exhaust gas or combustion gas to generate steam. In this case, the burner 314 is stopped while the diesel engines 11, 12, 13 are operating, and the burner 314 is operated while the diesel engines 11, 12, 13 are stopped.

  Thus, in the smoke tube type boiler of the second embodiment, in addition to the water chamber 101, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102, the exhaust gas discharge chamber 103, and the exhaust gas smoke pipe group 104, it is provided in one of the water chambers 101. A flue gas flue gas for combustion gas comprising a plurality of flue pipes 313a communicating the furnace 311 and the combustion gas discharge chamber 312 through the water chamber 101, the furnace 311 and the combustion gas discharge chamber 312 provided in the other of the water chamber 101. A group 313 is provided.

  Therefore, by providing the furnace 311, the combustion gas discharge chamber 312, and the flue gas group 313 for flue gas for combustion gas, it can be applied as a composite boiler, and versatility can be improved.

  In the embodiment described above, the exhaust gas introduction chamber 102 is divided into three divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122 and 123, but the number thereof is not limited to the embodiment. In addition, the shape, arrangement, and number of the divided exhaust gas introduction chambers 121, 122, and 123 may be appropriately set.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the boilers 21 and 301 were erected and arrange | positioned in the perpendicular direction, you may fall down and arrange | position in a horizontal direction.

  Moreover, in the embodiment mentioned above, although the combustor of this invention was used as the diesel engine 11, 13, 13, it is not limited to this structure, It is good also as a gas turbine combustor.

Reference Signs List 10, 300 exhaust heat recovery system 11, 12, 13, diesel engine 21 smoke pipe type boiler 31, 32, 33 exhaust gas introduction pipe 41, 42, 43 denitration catalyst 51, 52, 53 exhaust gas exhaust pipe 61, 62, 63 silencer (silencer )
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Water chamber 102, 201, 211 Exhaust gas introduction chamber 103 Exhaust gas discharge chamber 104 Exhaust pipe group 121, 122, 123, 202, 203, 203, 204, 212, 213, 214 Division exhaust gas introduction chamber 131, 132, 133 Division exhaust gas discharge chamber 141, 142, 143 Divided exhaust gas smoke tube group 301 Smoke tube type composite boiler 311 Fire furnace 312 Combustion gas discharge chamber 313 Combustion gas smoke tube group 314 Burner S Clearance

Claims (5)

One water chamber in the form of a hollow box ,
An exhaust gas introduction chamber provided at one side of the one water chamber;
An exhaust gas discharge chamber provided in the other of the one water chamber;
An exhaust gas smoke pipe group comprising a plurality of smoke pipes communicating the exhaust gas introduction chamber and the exhaust gas discharge chamber through the one water chamber;
Equipped with
The exhaust gas introduction chamber is composed of a plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers fixed to the one water chamber and separated from each other by a predetermined distance.
A smoke tube type boiler characterized by One end of the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber is fixed to the one water chamber, an exhaust gas introduction portion is provided at the other end, and a gap between the adjacent divided exhaust gas introduction chambers is provided. The smoke tube type boiler according to Item 1. The smoke pipe type boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the divided exhaust gas introduction chamber has a hollow box shape, and one end thereof is fixed to the one water chamber. A furnace provided on one of said one water chamber, a combustion gas exhaust chamber provided on the other of said one water chamber, and the combustion gas discharge chamber and the furnace communicating through said one water chamber The flue pipe boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a flue pipe group for exhaust gas for combustion gas comprising a plurality of flue pipes. The smoke tube type boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A plurality of combustors for supplying exhaust gas to the plurality of divided exhaust gas introduction chambers;
An exhaust heat recovery system comprising:

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