JP6482243B2 - 末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害の予防または治療用医薬組成物 - Google Patents
末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害の予防または治療用医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
運動神経障害には、筋痙攣、線維束攣縮、筋力低下、及び筋萎縮等の臨床症状が認められる。
自律神経障害には、心血管系異常(立ちくらみ等)、消化器系異常(便秘等)、膀胱障害(蓄尿障害、排尿障害)、発汗障害(発汗低下等)、及び陰萎(勃起障害)等の臨床症状が認められる(非特許文献1参照)。
末期糖尿病神経障害においては、感覚神経障害に伴う感覚低下から下肢潰瘍の形成や切断、運動神経障害に伴う易転倒性や骨折、そして自律神経障害に伴う内臓機能の荒廃、とくに心血管自律神経障害によって突然死の発生頻度が高まる。
末梢神経障害のなかでも糖尿病神経障害は、治療満足度が低い上、新薬の開発がほとんど進んでいない。糖尿病神経障害の治療用薬剤としては、アルドース還元酵素阻害剤であるエパルレスタット、ナトリウムチャネル阻害剤であるメキシレチン塩酸塩、神経伝達物質の放出抑制剤であるプレガバリン、及び、セロトニン・ノルアドレナリン再取り込み阻害剤であるデュロキセチン塩酸塩等がある(非特許文献2参照)。
しかしながら、上記薬剤の治療効果は必ずしも十分でない。また、その主作用は、神経過敏、疼痛、及びしびれ感に対する作用であり、糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下に対する作用は、知られていない。
糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下は、生命予後にかかわる壊疽等の誘因になるため、糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下に治療効果を示す薬剤は、患者のQOLを増大させる可能性がある。
〔1〕シロドシンまたはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害の予防または治療用医薬組成物。
〔2〕末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害が、末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害に伴う感覚低下である、前記〔1〕に記載の医薬組成物。
〔3〕末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害が、糖尿病神経障害である、前記〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の医薬組成物。
〔4〕シロドシンまたはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下の予防または治療用医薬組成物。
また、本発明の有効成分は、プロドラッグに変換して使用することもできる。プロドラッグは、例えば、「医薬品の開発」(廣川書店、1990年)第7巻 p.163−198に記載の基を導入することで製造することもできる。
よい。例えば、成人に対する投与量は、経口投与の場合1〜50mg/日、好ましくは1〜16mg/日、より好ましくは4〜8mg/日の範囲であり、非経口投与の場合0.5〜5mg/日、好ましくは1〜2mg/日の範囲である。1日投与量を1回で、または2回以上(好ましくは2または3回)に分けて投与することができる。
障害等の末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害の予防または治療に有用である。
(1)侵害閾値の測定
SD系ラット(オス、7週齢、各群20例、日本チャールス・リバー株式会社)に、0.1N(
約0.03 mol/Lに相当)クエン酸緩衝液(pH 4.5)に溶解したストレプトゾトシン(STZ)
溶液を尾静脈より静脈内投与し(50 mg/kg、1 mL/kg)、糖尿病を惹起した。正常群(Normal)には0.1 Nクエン酸緩衝液を静脈内投与した(1 mL/kg)。STZまたは0.1 Nクエン酸
緩衝液投与1週間後、エーテル麻酔下にてハルトマン液に溶解したシロドシン2臭化水素酸塩溶液(シロドシンとして0.3または1.0 mg/kg/day)およびその溶媒(ハルトマン液)を封入した埋め込み型ミニ浸透圧ポンプ(2ML4、Alzet(登録商標))を皮下に埋め込んだ
。なお、ミニ浸透圧ポンプは、4週間後に新たなポンプと入れ替えた。STZ処置後2週間ご
とに侵害閾値を測定した(Randall-Selitto法)。
(2)結果
対照群(溶媒投与群)では、2週時の病態初期には侵害閾値の低下(知覚過敏)が確認され、8週時以降の病態末期には侵害閾値の上昇(感覚低下)が観察された(図1)。
2週時の病態初期において、シロドシンが侵害閾値の低下を有意に抑制したことから、シロドシンが糖尿病神経障害に伴う知覚過敏の改善作用を有することが示された(図2)
。また、10週時の病態末期において、シロドシンが侵害閾値の上昇を有意に抑制したことから、シロドシンが糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下の改善作用を有することが示された(図3)。
病神経障害末期の感覚低下をも抑制する薬剤として有用であることが示唆された。したがって、シロドシンは、末梢神経障害における感覚神経障害の予防または治療剤として有用であることが示唆される。
Claims (2)
- シロドシンまたはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、糖尿病神経障害の予防または治療用医薬組成物。
- シロドシンまたはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する、糖尿病神経障害に伴う感覚低下の予防または治療用医薬組成物。
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