JP6487864B2 - Rail vehicle roof structure and rail car manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof structure of a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing the railway vehicle.

  The roof structure of a railway vehicle includes a plurality of rafters and long girders that support both ends of the rafters. The rafters are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 13, the rafter 303 is convexly curved and has a rafter lower surface 303a facing the inside of the vehicle and a rafter upper surface 303b facing the outside of the vehicle.

  The long girder 304 is bent at at least three locations, and has an inner inclined portion 321 disposed along the rafter lower surface 303a, an inclined portion 322 extending from the lower end of the inner inclined portion 321 toward the outside of the vehicle, and an inclined portion 322. An outer inclined portion 323 extending on the same plane as the rafter upper surface 303b from an upper end of the upper edge of the outer peripheral portion, and a vertical portion 324 extending downward from the lower end of the outer inclined portion 323. The vertical portion 324 is disposed along the side structure.

  The rafter 303 and the long girder 304 are connected using the first gusset 330.

  The first gusset 330 is disposed on the upper surface side of the rafter 303, and is disposed across the rafter upper surface 303 b and the outer inclined portion 323 of the long girder 304. The first gusset 330 and the rafter upper surface 303b are welded to each other, and the first gusset 330 and the outer inclined portion 323 are welded to each other. The first gusset 330 is curved along the rafter upper surface 303b.

  On the lower surface side of the rafter 303, the rafter lower surface 303a and the inner inclined portion 321 of the long girder 304 are overlapped and welded at these overlapping portions. The long girder 304 and the side structure are connected using the second gusset 340.

JP 2011-073674 A

  In the existing structure described above, the long girder 304 has a complicated shape that is bent at at least three locations.

  Further, the roof structure does not have a reference horizontal plane (reference plane). This is because the reference plane does not exist in the rafter 303, the long girder 304, the first gusset 330, and the second gusset 340 constituting the roof structure. For example, since the rafter 303 is curved in a convex shape, there is only a curved surface. The long girder 304 is formed only with an inclined portion and a vertical portion inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. The first gusset 330 and the second gusset 340 are curved or inclined. Therefore, the assembly of the roof structure is performed without a reference plane. However, if there is no reference plane, there is a risk of misalignment between the rafter, the long girder, and the gusset. Moreover, when attaching a roof structure to a side structure, there exists a possibility that a roof structure may be attached to a side structure in the state inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure structure having a reference surface while making a long girder a simple shape.

The present invention is a roof structure structure of a railway vehicle, and a plurality of rafters extending in the circumferential direction of the vehicle body and arranged away from each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and at both longitudinal ends of the plurality of rafters, It comprises at least two long girders extending in the longitudinal direction and a connecting member for connecting the rafters and the long girders arranged at the ends of the rafters.
The rafter has a rafter body curved portion that is curved in a convex shape, and a first straight portion and a second straight portion that respectively extend linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion.
The long girder is bent at a first bending portion and a second bending portion, and the long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bending portion and the second bending portion; A linear long girder straight portion extending in parallel to the lower surface of the first straight portion or the second straight portion closest to the first bent portion, and a length extending downward from the second bent portion A girder vertical part is formed.
The connection member includes a planar connection plane part parallel to the upper surface of the first straight line part or the upper surface of the second straight line part, and a connection horizontal part extending in the horizontal direction.
The long-girder straight portion is disposed along the lower surface of the first straight portion or the lower surface of the second straight portion, and the connection plane portion is along the upper surface of the first straight portion or the upper surface of the second straight portion. The connecting horizontal part is arranged along the long girder horizontal part.

In the above configuration, the long girder has a simple shape in which the long girder is bent at two places, the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a long girder horizontal portion is formed between the two bent portions. Further, a connection horizontal portion is also formed in the connection member, and the connection horizontal portion is arranged along the long girder horizontal portion. When manufacturing a vehicle, the connection horizontal part and the long girder horizontal part can be used as a reference. In addition, these horizontal surfaces are brought into contact with each other, so that the displacement between the connecting member and the long girder hardly occurs, the connection strength between the connecting member and the long girder, and the connection strength between the rafter connected to the connecting member and the long girder. Will improve.
In addition, the straight first straight portion and the second straight portion are formed on the rafter, and the lower surfaces of these straight portions and the planes of the long-girder straight portions are brought into contact with each other, and the upper surfaces of these straight portions and the connection planes By bringing the flat surfaces of the portions into contact with each other, positional displacement is less likely to occur.
Moreover, when welding a rafter and a long girder, since it can weld on the horizontal surface and plane mentioned above, it is easy to perform a welding operation. In addition, misalignment of the rafters, the long girders, and the connecting members hardly occurs during welding.

  Further, in the above configuration, the connection member includes a standing portion disposed between the connection plane portion and the connection horizontal portion, and the connection horizontal portion approaches the rafter from a lower end of the standing portion. It is preferable that the connecting horizontal part extends in a direction and has a portion that does not overlap the connecting flat part and the standing part in a plan view of the roof structure.

  In the above configuration, when welding the long girder horizontal part and the connection horizontal part, the connection horizontal part is disposed below the connection plane part and the standing part when the roof structure is viewed from above, so the connection horizontal part Will not overlap with the connecting plane part and the standing part. However, since the connection horizontal portion is formed with a portion that does not overlap with the connection flat portion and the standing portion, it is possible to perform welding or the like with the long girder horizontal portion at the portion that does not overlap.

  Alternatively, the connection member has a standing portion disposed between the connection plane portion and the connection horizontal portion, and the connection horizontal portion extends in a direction away from the rafter from a lower end of the standing portion. It is preferable.

  In the above configuration, since the connecting horizontal portion extends away from the rafters in the connecting member, when welding the connecting member and the long girder, when the roof structure is viewed from above, the connecting horizontal portion is connected to the connecting flat portion and the upright portion. Does not overlap with the part. Therefore, since any position of the connecting horizontal portion may be welded, the degree of freedom of the welding position is high. In addition, since the connecting horizontal portion does not overlap with the connecting flat portion and the standing portion regardless of the shape, the degree of freedom of the shape of the connecting horizontal portion is high. For example, it is possible to reduce the weight of the parts by making the connecting horizontal portion a narrow shape or the like.

The present invention relates to a roof structure assembling step for assembling a roof structure comprising a rafter, a long girder disposed at both longitudinal ends of the rafter, and a connecting member connecting the rafter and the long girder, and the roof structure assembly. And a roof structure attaching step for attaching the roof structure assembled in the process to the side structure.
The rafter has a rafter body curved portion that is curved in a convex shape, and a first straight portion and a second straight portion that respectively extend linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion.
The long girder is bent at the first bent portion and the second bent portion,
The long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a lower surface of the first straight portion closest to the first bent portion or a second one. A linear long girder straight portion extending in parallel to the lower surface of the straight portion and a long girder vertical portion extending downward from the second bent portion are formed.
The connection member has a linear connection plane portion parallel to the upper surface of the first linear portion or the upper surface of the second linear portion, and a connection horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction.
The roof structure assembling step includes a first connection plane portion arrangement step of arranging the connection plane portion so that the connection plane portion is in contact with an upper surface of the first straight portion at one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the rafter. A first rafter arrangement step of arranging a rafter so that a lower surface of one straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion; and a first connection in which the connection horizontal portion is arranged so that the connecting horizontal portion is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion. A horizontal portion arranging step, a first welding step of welding the connection plane portion and the upper surface of the first straight portion, a second welding step of welding the connection horizontal portion and the long girder horizontal portion, and the rafter. A second connecting plane portion arranging step of arranging the connecting plane portion so that the connecting plane portion is in contact with an upper surface of the second straight portion, and a lower surface of the second straight portion is the long side. The second rafter arrangement that arranges rafters so as to contact the girder straight part A process, a second connecting horizontal portion arranging step for arranging the connecting horizontal portion so that the connecting horizontal portion is in contact with the long girder horizontal portion, and a first step of welding the connecting plane portion and the upper surface of the second straight portion. 3 welding processes and the 4th welding process of welding the said connection horizontal part and the said long girder horizontal part.
The roof structure attaching step includes a roof structure arranging step of arranging the roof structure along the side structure so that the long girder vertical part is in contact with the side structure, and welding the long girder vertical part and the side structure. And a welding process.

In the above method, since the vehicle can be manufactured based on the long girder horizontal portion and the connecting horizontal portion, the positional deviation hardly occurs between the rafter, the long girder, the connecting member, and the side structure. In addition, the horizontal surfaces of the long girder horizontal portion and the connecting horizontal portion are brought into contact with each other, so that the positional displacement between the connecting member and the long girder hardly occurs and the connection strength between the connecting member and the long girder is further connected. Connection strength between rafters and long girders is improved. In addition, a straight first straight portion and a second straight portion are formed on the rafter, and the lower surface of the straight portion and the long-girder straight portion are brought into contact with each other between the planes, and the upper surface of the straight portion and the connection flat portion are provided. By causing the flat surfaces to contact each other, positional deviation is less likely to occur.
Further, since the assembled roof structure is preferably attached to the side structure, the roof structure can be easily attached to the side structure.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a roof structure structure having a horizontal plane as a reference while making a long girder a simple shape.

It is a mimetic diagram of a rail car concerning a 1st embodiment. (A) is sectional drawing (the figure which followed the IIA-IIA line | wire of FIG. 1) of a roof structure, (b) is sectional drawing of the conventional roof structure. It is the figure which looked at the 1st straight part of the rafter in the longitudinal direction. It is a side view of a long girder. It is an enlarged view (enlarged view of V of FIG. 2) of the one end part of the roof structure of 1st Embodiment. (A) is a side view of the first gusset, (b) is a rear view of the first gusset (viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 6 (a)), and (c) is one end of the roof structure from above. It is the figure (VIC arrow line view of FIG. 5) which looked. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the manufacturing method of the rafter of this embodiment in order, (a), (c) and (d) are figures which show the manufacturing method of the conventional rafter in order. (A)-(c) is the schematic diagram which showed the manufacturing method of the vehicle of this embodiment in order. (A) And (b) is the schematic diagram which showed the manufacturing method of the vehicle of this embodiment in order. (A) is a top view of the roof structure of this embodiment, (b) is a top view of the conventional roof structure. It is an enlarged view of the one end part of the roof structure of a 2nd embodiment. (A) is the side view of the 1st gusset of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is the figure which looked at the one end part of the roof structure from upper direction (XIIB arrow line view of FIG. 11). It is an enlarged view of the one end part of the conventional roof structure.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
The roof structure 2 of the railway vehicle 1 includes a plurality of rafters 3, a long girder 4 arranged at the right end of the rafter 3 in the figure, and a long girder 5 arranged at the left end of the rafter 3 in the figure. ing. An outer plate 6 is disposed on the rafter 3. The rafters 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The long girders 4 and the long girders 5 extend in the vehicle longitudinal direction. Although not shown, a plurality of long girders 4 are arranged in the vehicle longitudinal direction at the right end of the rafter 3. Two adjacent long girders 4 are connected by a metal plate (not shown). A plurality of long girders 5 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at the left end of the rafter 3. Two adjacent long girders 5 are connected by a metal plate (not shown). The roof structure 2 is disposed on the right side structure 7 and the left side structure 8 in the drawing.

(rafter)
As shown in FIG. 2A, the rafter 3 includes a rafter body bending portion 11 that is curved in a convex shape, a first straight portion 12 that extends linearly downward from both ends of the rafter body bending portion 11, and And a second linear portion 13. The first straight part 12 and the second straight part 13 extend in a direction away from the rafter body bending part 11. The rafter 3 has a convex shape throughout the rafter body bending portion 11, the first straight portion 12, and the second straight portion 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the conventional rafter 303 includes a rafter body bending portion 11. Since the rafter 3 of the present embodiment has the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13, the length of the first straight portion 12 and the length of the second straight portion 13 than the conventional rafter 303. Just long. All the conventional rafters 303 are curved, but the rafter 3 of this embodiment has a linear region.

  The rafter 3 is a rafter having a so-called Z-shaped cross section formed by bending a flat plate (see FIG. 3A). When the rafter 3 is viewed in the longitudinal direction, the rafter 3 is formed with a concave portion 3S and a convex portion 3T across the center in the vertical direction. FIG. 3 shows the first straight portion 12 of the rafter 3. In FIG. 3, in the 1st linear part 12, the lower surface of the bottom part of the recessed part 3S is set to 12a, and the upper surface of the top part of the convex part 3T is set to 12b. The lower surface 12a and the upper surface 12b are flat surfaces, and the lower surface 12a and the upper surface 12b are parallel. The lower surface 12a is disposed at a position closer to the inside of the vehicle than the upper surface 12b (see FIG. 5). FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of V in FIG.

  Although the first straight portion 12 at the right end of the rafter 3 has been described above, since the rafter 3 has a symmetrical shape (see FIG. 2A), the second straight portion 13 at the left end of the rafter 3 is The shape is the same as that of the one straight line portion 12.

(Long digits)
As shown in FIG. 4, the long girder 4 is formed by bending a flat plate at two locations of a first bent portion 21 and a second bent portion 22. A long girder horizontal portion 23 extending in the horizontal direction is formed between the first bent portion 21 and the second bent portion 22, and a long girder straight portion 24 extends from the first bent portion 21 in the upper left direction in the figure. It is extended. Further, a long girder vertical portion 25 extends downward from the second bent portion 22 in the figure.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the long girder straight portion 24 is substantially parallel to the lower surface 12 a of the first straight portion 12 of the nearest rafter 3. The long girder straight portion 24 is disposed along the lower surface 12a. The planes of the long girder straight portion 24 and the lower surface 12a are in contact with each other, and are welded at the contacted portions. Easy to weld on a flat surface.

  The long girder vertical portion 25 is disposed along the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 (see FIG. 5). By moving the long girder vertical portion 25 in the vertical direction along the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7, the roof structure 2 can be arranged at a position suitable for various vehicles. By bringing the long girder horizontal portion 23 close to the side structure 7, the rafter 3 and the side structure 7 can be brought close to each other, and the joint portion between the roof structure 2 and the side structure 7 can be strengthened.

  In the above description, the long girder 4 disposed at the right end of the rafter 3 has been described, but the long girder 5 disposed at the left end of the rafter 3 has the same shape as the long girder 4. The long girder 4 and the long girder 5 are arranged so as to be symmetrical (see FIG. 2A). The long girder 5 is disposed along the lower surface of the second linear portion 13 formed at the left end portion of the rafter 3 and the outer surface of the side structure 8.

  At the right end of the roof structure 2, the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 are connected using a first gusset (connecting member) 30 (see FIG. 2A). Further, the long girder 4 and the side structure 7 are connected using the second gusset 40. At the left end of the roof structure 2, the rafter 3 and the long girder 5 are connected using a first gusset 30. The long girder 5 and the side structure 8 are connected using the second gusset 40.

(1st gusset)
The first gusset 30 is disposed on the upper surface side of the rafter 3. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the first gusset 30 includes a connection plane part 31 inclined in the upper left direction in the figure and a standing plane extending downward from the lower end of the connection plane part 31. It has the installation part 32 and the connection horizontal part 33 extended in the left direction in the figure from the lower end of the standing part 32. As shown in FIG.

  The connection flat portion 31 is wider as it approaches the lower end (see FIGS. 6B and 6C). The standing portion 32 has an upper portion 32u from the upper end to the height near the center, and a lower portion 32l from the vicinity of the center to the lower end. The upper portion 32u is wider as it approaches the lower end, and the lower portion 32l is approximately the same width as the lower end of the upper portion 32u. The connection horizontal part 33 has the same width as the lower part 32 l and is wider than the connection flat part 31 and the upper part 32 u of the standing part 32.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the connection plane portion 31 is inclined substantially parallel to the upper surface 12 b of the first straight portion 12 of the rafter 3 and is disposed along the upper surface 12 b. The connection plane part 31 and the upper surface 12b are in contact with each other. In this abutted region, welding is performed at two points, point A and point B (see FIG. 6C). Easy to weld on a flat surface.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the connection horizontal portion 33 is disposed along the long digit horizontal portion 23. The connecting horizontal portion 33 extends from the lower end of the standing portion 32 in a direction approaching the rafter 3 (the rafter body bending portion 11 and the first straight portion 12). The connecting horizontal part 33 and the long girder horizontal part 23 are in contact with each other.

When the first gusset 30 is viewed from above, for example, when the first gusset 30 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the planar direction of the connection plane portion 31 (the VIC arrow direction in FIG. 5), it is shown in FIG. Thus, a part of the connection horizontal part 33 overlaps with the connection flat part 31 or the standing part 32 and becomes invisible. However, two regions (first horizontal portion 33q ₁ and second horizontal portion 33q ₂ ) that do not overlap with the connection plane portion 31 or the standing portion 32 are formed on both sides of the connection plane portion 31 and the standing portion 32. ing. The first horizontal portion 33q ₁ and the second horizontal portion 33q ₂ are formed on the opposite sides across the center in the width direction of the first gusset 30 (center line g in FIG. 5C). The long girder horizontal portion 23 and the connecting horizontal portion 33 are welded at a point C in the first horizontal portion 33q ₁ and a point D in the second horizontal portion 33q ₂ . Easy to weld on a horizontal surface.

(2nd gusset)
The 2nd gusset 40 is arrange | positioned at the lower surface side of the rafter 3 as shown in FIG. The second gusset 40 includes a connection inclined portion 41 that is substantially parallel to the long-girder straight portion 24, and a connection vertical portion 42 that extends downward from the lower end of the connection inclined portion 41.

  The long-girder straight portion 24 and the connection inclined portion 41 are in contact with each other between the flat surfaces, and are welded at the contacted portions. The connection vertical portion 42 is disposed along the inner surface 7b of the side structure 7 (see FIG. 5).

  Next, a method for assembling the roof structure 2 and a method for attaching the roof structure 2 to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, a method for manufacturing the rafter 3 will be described. The flat plate member 100 is bent in the width direction to form a Z shape as shown in FIG. At this stage, the plate member 100 is linear. Next, the plate material 100 is bent using the mold 50. As the mold 50, as shown in FIG. 7A, a mold whose upper surface is curved in a convex shape is used. The longitudinal length of the plate member 100 is longer than the length of the curved surface of the mold 50.

  The plate material 100 is bent along the upper surface of the mold 50 while holding both longitudinal ends of the plate material 100 (see FIG. 7B). Thereby, the rafter main body bending portion 11 is formed. The part held at the time of bending is linear. This portion becomes the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13. Thereby, the rafter 3 is obtained. After the plate material 100 is bent, the tip of the first straight portion 12 and the tip of the second straight portion 13 are cut off by cutting the tip of the first straight portion 12 and part of the tip of the second straight portion 13. You may arrange the shape.

  Conventionally, after bending the plate 100 using the mold 50, both longitudinal ends of the plate 100 (portions corresponding to the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 of the present embodiment) are cut off (FIG. 7 ( c)), the rafter body bending portion 11 was a rafter (see FIG. 7D). However, in this embodiment, by leaving the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 on both sides of the rafter body bending portion 11, a straight portion is formed on the rafter 3 and the rafter length is made longer than before. Yes.

  In the present embodiment, since the first straight line portion 12 and the second straight line portion 13 are left, the first straight line portion 12 and the second straight line portion 13 are all cut off even when these tip portions are partially cut. The yield is improved. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the process of cutting off the 1st linear part 12 and the 2nd linear part 13 is unnecessary, the manufacturing process number of rafters can be decreased.

  Next, a method for assembling a roof structure using the rafter 3 will be described (roof structure assembling step). Here, a method of arranging the first gusset 30 on both ends of the rafter 3 and then arranging the rafter 3 on the long girder 4 and the long girder 5 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, at the right end portion of the rafter 3, the connection plane portion 31 of the first gusset 30 is set so that the connection plane portion 31 of the first gusset 30 contacts the upper surface 12b of the first straight portion 12. Arrangement (first connection plane portion arrangement step). And in the right end part of the rafter 3, the connection plane part 31 of the 1st gusset 30 and the upper surface 12b of the rafter 3 are welded (1st welding process).

  In addition, the connection plane portion 31 of the first gusset 30 is arranged at the left end portion of the rafter 3 so that the connection plane portion 31 of the first gusset 30 is in contact with the upper surface 13b of the second straight portion 13 (second connection plane portion). Placement process). And the connection horizontal part 33 and the long girder horizontal part 23 of the 1st gusset 30 are welded (2nd welding process).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, the rafter 3 is arranged at the right end of the rafter 3 so that the lower surface 12 a of the first straight portion 12 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long girder straight portion 24 of the long girder 4. (First rafter placement step). At this time, the connection horizontal part 33 is arranged so that the connection horizontal part 33 contacts the long digit horizontal part 23 (first connection horizontal part arrangement, see FIG. 8C). And the long-girder straight part 24 and the lower surface 12a of the rafter 3 are welded. Further, the long girder horizontal portion 23 and the connecting horizontal portion 33 are welded (second welding step). About these welding, which may be performed first and may be performed simultaneously.

  Further, the rafter 3 is arranged at the left end portion of the rafter 3 so that the lower surface 13a of the second straight portion 13 of the rafter 3 is in contact with the long digit straight portion 24 of the long girder 5 (second rafter arranging step). At this time, the connection horizontal part 33 is arranged so that the connection horizontal part 33 is in contact with the long digit horizontal part 23 (second connection horizontal part arrangement, see FIG. 8C). And the long-girder straight part 24 and the lower surface 13a of the rafter 3 are welded. Moreover, the long girder horizontal part 23 and the connection horizontal part 33 are welded (4th welding process). About these welding, which may be performed first and may be performed simultaneously.

  Subsequently, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8.

  The long girder vertical part 25 is in contact with the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 at the right end of the roof structure 2, and the long girder vertical part 25 is in contact with the outer surface 8a of the side structure 8 at the left end of the roof structure 2. The roof structure 2 is arranged (roof structure arrangement process, see FIG. 9A). The long girder vertical portion 25 and the outer surface 7a of the side structure 7 are welded at the right end of the roof structure 2, and the long girder vertical portion 25 and the outer surface 8a of the side structure 8 are welded at the left end of the roof structure 2.

  And in the right end part of the roof structure 2, the connection inclination part 41 of the 2nd gusset 40 touches the long-girder straight part 24, and the connection vertical part 42 of the 2nd gusset 40 touches the inner surface 7b of the side structure 7. The second gusset 40 is disposed. Thereafter, the connection inclined portion 41 and the long girder straight portion 24 of the second gusset 40 are welded, and the connection vertical portion 42 of the second gusset 40 and the inner surface 7b of the side structure 7 are welded (third welding step, FIG. 9). (See (b)). As a result, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7.

  Further, at the left end portion of the roof structure 2, the connection inclined portion 41 of the second gusset 40 is in contact with the long-girder straight portion 24, and the connection vertical portion 42 of the second gusset 40 is in contact with the inner surface 8 b of the side structure 8. The second gusset 40 is disposed. The connection inclined portion 41 and the long girder straight portion 24 of the second gusset 40 are welded, and the connection vertical portion 42 of the second gusset 40 and the inner surface 8b of the side structure 8 are welded (third welding step, FIG. 8 (b). )reference). As a result, the roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 8.

  Next, differences between the roof structure of the present embodiment and the conventional roof structure will be described. FIG. 10A illustrates the roof structure of the present embodiment, and FIG. 10B illustrates a conventional roof structure. This embodiment differs from the conventional one in the configuration of 1) the longitudinal length of the rafter and 2) the long girder. In FIGS. 10A and 10B, the outer plate disposed on the rafter is omitted.

  The length L of the rafter 3 of this embodiment is longer than the length l of the conventional rafter 303. This is because the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 are formed on the rafter 3 of this embodiment, but the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 are formed on the conventional rafter 303. This is because there is not (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Accordingly, the rafter 3 of this embodiment is longer than the conventional rafter 303 by the length of the first straight portion 12 and the length of the second straight portion 13, and accordingly, the rafter 3 of this embodiment is the conventional rafter. The rafter weight is heavier than 303.

  On the other hand, the width W of the long girder 4 and the width W of the long girder 5 in this embodiment are narrower than the width w of the conventional long girder 304 and the width w of the long girder 305. This is a simple configuration having the long girder straight portion 24, the long girder horizontal portion 23, and the long girder vertical portion 25 by bending the long girder 4 (long girder 5) of this embodiment at two locations. (Refer to FIG. 5) The conventional long girder 304 (long girder 305) has a complicated shape in which an inner inclined portion 321, an inclined portion 322, an outer inclined portion 323, and a vertical portion 324 are formed by bending at least three places. This is because the long digit 4 (long digit 5) of the present embodiment is smaller than the conventional long digit 304 (long digit 305) (see FIG. 13). Accordingly, the long digit 4 (long digit 5) of the present embodiment is lighter in weight than the conventional long digit 304 (long digit 305).

  Here, the rafters 3 and the rafters 303 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, but the long girders 4 and 5 and the long girders 304 and 305 are arranged in the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Therefore, when looking at the roof structure 2 as a whole, the amount of decrease in the total weight of the long girders arranged in the entire longitudinal direction is larger than the amount of increase in the total weight of the rafters. Therefore, when the weight of the roof structure is compared between the present embodiment and the conventional one, the present embodiment is lighter than the conventional one.

  In the present embodiment, the rafter 3 extends to the long girder horizontal portion 23 (see FIG. 5), and the rafter 3 and the side structure 7 (side structure 8) are closer to each other than in the prior art. Further, the rafter 3 can be brought closer to the side structure 7 (side structure 8) by bringing the long girder horizontal portion 23 closer to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8. On the other hand, in the conventional configuration, there is a distance between the rafter 303 and the side structure (see FIG. 13). A long girder 304 extends between the rafter 303 and the side structure, but the strength is weak only with the long girder. In the present embodiment, by bringing the long girder horizontal portion 23 closer to the side structure, it is possible to reduce the area where only the long girder exists. it can. As a result, the strength of the roof structure is further strengthened, so that the roof structure is unlikely to be detached from the side structure even when a side collision or the like occurs.

  As described above, the roof structure structure of the present embodiment has the following effects. The long girder 4 and the long girder 5 are bent at two places, the first bent portion 21 and the second bent portion 22, and a long girder horizontal portion 23 is formed between the two bent portions (21, 22). is there. Further, a connection horizontal portion 33 is also formed in the first gusset 30, and the connection horizontal portion 33 is arranged along the long girder horizontal portion 23. When manufacturing the vehicle, the horizontal plane of the connecting horizontal portion 33 and the long girder horizontal portion 23 can be used as a reference, and by bringing these horizontal planes into contact with each other, the first gusset 30 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) Further, the positional deviation between the rafter 3 connected to the first gusset 30 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) hardly occurs. Moreover, the connection intensity | strength of the rafter 3 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) improves by connecting the horizontal surfaces of the connection horizontal part 33 and the long girder horizontal part 23. FIG.

  Further, the straight first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 are formed on the rafter 3, the planes of the lower surface 12a (13a) of these straight portions and the long digit straight portion 24 are brought into contact with each other, and the first Since the planes of the upper surface 12b (13b) of the first linear part 12 and the second linear part 13 and the connection plane part 31 of the first gusset 30 are brought into contact with each other, positional displacement is less likely to occur.

  Further, since the abutted portion is a horizontal portion or a flat portion, it is easy to perform a welding operation. In addition, misalignment of the rafter 3, long girder 4 (long girder 5), and first gusset 30 is unlikely to occur during welding.

Further, when welding the connection horizontal portion 33 and the long girder horizontal portion 23 of the first gusset 30, when the roof structure 2 is viewed from above, the connection horizontal portion 33 is connected to the connection plane portion 31 and the standing portion 32 in the first gusset 30. Therefore, a part of the connection horizontal part 33 does not overlap with the connection flat part 31 or the standing part 32 (see FIG. 6C). However, the connection horizontal part 33 has two regions (first horizontal part 33q ₁ and second horizontal part 33q ₂ ) that do not overlap with the connection flat part 31 or the standing part 32 in the width direction center (center of the first gusset 30). They are formed on opposite sides of the line g). The first gusset 30 and the long girder 4 (long girder) are welded to the connecting horizontal part 33 and the long girder horizontal part 23 in each of the two regions (first horizontal part 33q ₁ and second horizontal part 33q ₂ ) that do not overlap. 5) becomes difficult to come off.

  Further, when the assembled roof structure 2 is attached to the side structure 7 and the side structure 8, the roof structure 2 may be attached to the outer surface 7a (outer surface 8a) and the inner surface 7b (inner surface 8b) of the side structure 7 (side structure 8). Therefore, the roof structure 2 can be easily attached to the side structure 7 (side structure 8). Further, the shape of the roof structure and the width of the vehicle body can be obtained by moving the vertical part 25 of the long beam 4 (long beam 5) vertically along the outer surface 7a (outer surface 8a) of the side structure 7 (side structure 8). The roof structure of the present embodiment can also be used for vehicles having different values.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 11, FIG. 12 (a) and FIG. 12 (b). The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the shape of the first gusset. In addition, about the structure same as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol is used and the description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the first gusset 130 is disposed along the upper surface 12 b of the rafter 3. As shown in FIG. 12A, the first gusset 130 includes a connection plane part 131 inclined in the upper left direction in the figure, a standing part 132 extending downward from the lower end of the connection plane part 131, and It has a connecting horizontal part 133 extending in the right direction in the figure from the lower end of the installation part 132.

  As shown in FIG. 12B, the first gusset 130 gradually increases in length in the width direction as it approaches the lower end. The lower end of the first gusset 130 is slightly wider than the upper end, but is narrower than the lower end of the first gusset 30 of the first embodiment (see FIGS. 6B and 6C).

  As shown in FIG. 11, the connection plane part 131 is formed in a planar shape inclined substantially parallel to the upper surface 12b of the first straight part 12 of the rafter 3, and is arranged along the upper surface 12b. The planes of the connection plane part 131 and the upper surface 12b are in contact with each other. In this abutted region, the first gusset 130 and the rafter 3 are welded (see FIG. 12B).

  As shown in FIG. 11, the connection horizontal portion 133 is disposed along the long digit horizontal portion 23. When the connection horizontal part 133 is disposed on the long girder horizontal part 23, the connection horizontal part 133 extends from the lower end of the standing part 132 and extends in a direction away from the rafter 3. The connecting horizontal part 33 and the long girder horizontal part 23 are in contact with each other. The connection horizontal part 133 has a narrower shape than the connection horizontal part 33 of the first gusset of the first embodiment (see FIGS. 6B and 6C).

  When the first gusset 130 is viewed from above, for example, when the first gusset 130 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the planar direction of the connection plane portion 131 (in the direction of the arrow XIIB in FIG. 11), it is shown in FIG. Thus, the connection horizontal part 133 does not overlap with the connection flat part 131 or the standing part 312. Therefore, the long girder horizontal part 23 and the connection horizontal part 133 can be welded at an arbitrary position in the connection horizontal part 133.

  When assembling the roof structure, it can be assembled by the same method as in the first embodiment.

  In the above configuration, since the connection horizontal portion 133 is formed in the first gusset 130 as in the first embodiment, the first gusset 30 can be obtained by using the connection horizontal portion 133 and the long digit horizontal portion 23 as a reference. And the long digit 4 (long digit 5), and further, the positional deviation between the rafter 3 connected to the first gusset 30 and the long digit 4 (long digit 5) is unlikely to occur. Moreover, since the horizontal surface where the connection horizontal part 133 and the long girder horizontal part 23 contact | abutted is welded, it is easy to weld.

  Furthermore, although the connection horizontal part 133 is extended from the lower end of the standing part 132 to the 1st gusset 130, the connection horizontal part 133 is extended in the direction away from the rafter 3 (refer FIG. 11). Therefore, when welding the connection horizontal part 133 and the long girder 4 (long girder 5) of the first gusset 130, the connection horizontal part 133 does not overlap the connection flat part 131 and the standing part 132 when the roof structure is viewed from above. Therefore, since welding can be performed at any position of the connecting horizontal portion 133, the degree of freedom of the welding position is high. Moreover, since the connection horizontal part 133 does not overlap with the connection flat part 131 and the standing part 132, the connection horizontal part 133 may be formed in a narrow shape or the like, and the degree of freedom of the shape of the connection horizontal part 133 is increased.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, it should be thought that a specific structure is not limited to these embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  For example, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the first straight portion 12 and the second straight portion 13 extend obliquely downward from both ends of the rafter body bending portion 11 (see FIG. 2). The first straight part 12 and the second straight part 13 may extend downward from both ends of the rafter body bending part 11. In this case, the long girder straight portion 24 extends upward from the first bent portion 21 in the long girder 4 (long girder 5). Thereby, the 1st linear part 12 (2nd linear part 13) and the long digit linear part 24 contact | abut. It is easy to weld in the part where planes contacted.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, a rafter having a Z-shaped cross section is used as the rafter 3, but a rafter having another cross-sectional shape may be used. For example, a rafter having a hat-shaped cross section may be used.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the first gusset 30 is disposed at both ends of the rafter 3 in the roof structure assembling step, and then the rafter 3 is placed on the long girder 4 and the long girder 5. (See FIG. 8). Therefore, at the right end portion of the rafter 3, the first connection plane portion placement step → the first rafter placement step and the first connection horizontal portion placement step are performed in this order, but the order of these steps can be changed. For example, when the first gusset 30 is arranged at both ends of the rafter 3 after the rafter 3 is arranged on the long girder 4 and the long girder 5, the first rafter arrangement process → the first connection horizontal part arrangement and the first connection You may advance in order of a plane part arrangement | positioning process. The same applies to the left end of the rafter 3. In the above-described embodiment, in the left end portion of the rafter 3, the second connection plane portion placement step → the second rafter placement step and the second connection horizontal portion placement step are performed in this order, but the order of these steps can be changed. is there. For example, when the first gusset 30 is arranged at both ends of the rafter 3 after the rafter 3 is arranged on the long girder 4 and the long girder 5, the second rafter arrangement process → second connection horizontal portion arrangement and second connection You may advance in order of a plane part arrangement | positioning process.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railcar 2 Roof structure 3,303 Rafter 4,5,304 Long girder 7,8 Side structure 11 Rafter main-body curved part 12 1st straight part 12a Lower surface 12b Upper surface 13 2nd straight part 21 1st bending part 22 2nd bending Part 23 Long girder horizontal part 24 Long girder straight part 25 Long girder vertical part 30,130,330 First gusset (connection member)
31,131 Connection plane portion 32,132 Standing portion 33,133 Connection horizontal portion 33q ₁ First horizontal portion 33q ₂ Second horizontal portion 40,340 Second gusset

Claims (4)

It is a roof structure of a railway vehicle,
A plurality of rafters extending in the circumferential direction of the vehicle body and arranged apart in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle;
At least two long girders extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at both longitudinal ends of the plurality of rafters;
A connecting member for connecting the rafter and the long girder arranged at the end of the rafter;
The rafter is
A rafter body curved portion curved in a convex shape;
A first straight portion and a second straight portion each extending linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion;
The long girder is bent at the first bent portion and the second bent portion,
The long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a lower surface of the first straight portion closest to the first bent portion or a second one. A linear long girder straight part extending in parallel to the lower surface of the straight part and a long girder vertical part extending downward from the second bent part are formed,
The connecting member is
A planar connecting plane portion parallel to the upper surface of the first linear portion or the upper surface of the second linear portion;
A connecting horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction,
The long digit straight portion is disposed along the lower surface of the first straight portion or the lower surface of the second straight portion,
The connection plane part is disposed along the upper surface of the first straight line part or the upper surface of the second straight line part,
The connecting horizontal portion is arranged along the long girder horizontal portion. The connection member has an upright portion disposed between the connection plane portion and the connection horizontal portion,
The connecting horizontal part extends in a direction approaching the rafter from a lower end of the standing part,
2. The roof structure structure according to claim 1, wherein the connection horizontal portion includes a portion that does not overlap the connection plane portion and the standing portion in a plan view of the roof structure. The connection member has an upright portion disposed between the connection plane portion and the connection horizontal portion,
2. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting horizontal portion extends in a direction away from the rafter from a lower end of the standing portion. A roof structure assembling step for assembling a roof structure including a rafter, a long girder arranged at both longitudinal ends of the rafter, and a connecting member connecting the rafter and the long girder, and the roof structure assembling step A method of manufacturing a railway vehicle having a roof structure attaching step for attaching a roof structure to a side structure,
The rafter is
A rafter body curved portion curved in a convex shape;
A first straight portion and a second straight portion each extending linearly from both ends of the rafter body curved portion;
The long girder is bent at the first bent portion and the second bent portion,
The long girder includes a long girder horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction between the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and a lower surface of the first straight portion closest to the first bent portion or a second one. A linear long girder straight part extending in parallel to the lower surface of the straight part and a long girder vertical part extending downward from the second bent part are formed,
The connecting member is
A linear connection plane parallel to the upper surface of the first linear portion or the upper surface of the second linear portion;
A connecting horizontal portion extending in the horizontal direction,
The roof structure assembly process includes
At one longitudinal end of the rafter,
A first connection plane portion arrangement step of arranging the connection plane portion so that the connection plane portion is in contact with the upper surface of the first straight line portion;
A first rafter placement step of placing a rafter so that a lower surface of the first straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion;
A first connecting horizontal part arranging step of arranging the connecting horizontal part so that the connecting horizontal part is in contact with the long digit horizontal part;
A first welding step of welding the connection plane portion and the upper surface of the first straight portion;
A second welding step of welding the connecting horizontal portion and the long girder horizontal portion;
At the other longitudinal end of the rafter,
A second connection plane portion arrangement step of arranging the connection plane portion so that the connection plane portion is in contact with the upper surface of the second straight line portion;
A second rafter placement step of placing a rafter so that the lower surface of the second straight portion is in contact with the long girder straight portion;
A second connecting horizontal part arranging step of arranging the connecting horizontal part so that the connecting horizontal part is in contact with the long digit horizontal part;
A third welding step of welding the connection plane portion and the upper surface of the second straight portion;
A fourth welding step of welding the connecting horizontal part and the long girder horizontal part,
The roof structure attaching process includes
A roof structure arrangement step of arranging the roof structure along the side structure so that the long girder vertical part is in contact with the side structure;
A rail car manufacturing method comprising: a fifth welding step of welding the long girder vertical portion and the side structure.

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