JP6488872B2 - Electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic clutch.

  An electromagnetic clutch that enables transmission and interruption of torque between the two axes by switching rotation transmission and interruption between the two axes of the coaxially arranged input shaft and output shaft using electromagnetic force. There is. As such an electromagnetic clutch, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. In Patent Document 1, rotation is transmitted between the two axes while the electromagnetic coil is not energized, and the armature is moved in the suction direction of the electromagnetic coil by energizing the electromagnetic coil. It is disclosed that rotation transmission is interrupted. Such an armature is disposed on one side surface of the electromagnetic coil and is disposed at a predetermined interval with respect to the electromagnetic coil. This predetermined interval is a stroke amount by which the armature moves in the attracting direction of the electromagnetic coil.

JP 2013-92191 A

  In recent years, there is a desire to increase the stroke amount of the electromagnetic coil and the armature without reducing the attractive force for attracting the armature by energizing the electromagnetic coil. However, it is known that the attracting force that attracts the armature by energizing the electromagnetic coil, that is, the electromagnetic force, is proportional to the reciprocal of the square of the interval (corresponding to the stroke amount) between the electromagnetic coil and the armature. That is, when the stroke amount between the electromagnetic coil and the armature is increased, the distance between the electromagnetic coil and the armature is increased, and the electromagnetic force is decreased in proportion to the reciprocal of the square. For this reason, the above-mentioned demands can only be dealt with by increasing the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil or increasing the electric power supplied to the electromagnetic coil. is there.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic clutch capable of increasing the attractive force while suppressing an increase in the size of an electromagnetic coil and an increase in power consumption.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, an electromagnetic clutch includes an input shaft and an output shaft that are arranged coaxially, and a mechanical mechanism that mechanically switches between transmission and interruption of rotation between the two shafts. ing. Such an electromagnetic clutch enables transmission and interruption of torque between two shafts by switching the mechanical mechanism using electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic clutch includes an electromagnetic coil that is a source of electromagnetic force and is provided so as not to move with respect to two axes. In addition, the electromagnetic clutch is used to switch the mechanical mechanism by forming a magnetic circuit by energizing the electromagnetic coil, and is provided so as to be movable coaxially and in two axial directions of the electromagnetic coil. One adsorbate is provided. The electromagnetic clutch is used for switching the mechanical mechanism by forming a magnetic circuit by energization of the electromagnetic coil, and is coaxial with the electromagnetic coil on the opposite side of the first adsorbent with respect to the electromagnetic coil. The second adsorbent is provided so as to be movable in the biaxial direction. Furthermore, in the electromagnetic clutch, the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are configured to be rotatable with respect to the electromagnetic coil while rotating integrally with the input shaft of the two axes when the electromagnetic coil is energized. .

  According to the said structure, in an electromagnetic coil, it can adsorb | suck each adsorption | suction matter provided in each side by generating electromagnetic force in the both sides. Thereby, compared with the said conventional example which adsorb | sucks the adsorbed material arrange | positioned at the one side of an electromagnetic coil, 1st adsorption | suction is carried out, without reducing the adsorption | suction force with which an electromagnetic coil adsorb | sucks a 1st adsorbate and a 2nd adsorbate, respectively. It is possible to increase the total stroke amount as the adsorbed material in which the stroke amount of the object and the second adsorbed material is combined.

  For example, in the case where the electromagnetic coil adsorbs the first adsorbate and the second adsorbent respectively in the above conventional example, the electromagnetic coil adsorbs the adsorbent. (2) The total stroke amount of the adsorbate can be made larger than the stroke amount of the adsorbate in the conventional example.

  Further, as in the above configuration, when the electromagnetic force is generated on both sides of the electromagnetic coil to adsorb the adsorbents provided on the respective sides, the first adsorbate and the second adsorbate are compared with the conventional example. The electromagnetic coil can be suitably adapted to increase the adsorption force for adsorbing the first adsorbate and the second adsorbate without reducing the total stroke amount.

  For example, when the total stroke amount of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent is set to be the same as the stroke amount of the adsorbent in the conventional example, the electromagnetic coils adsorb the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent, respectively. In the above-described conventional example, the adsorption force can be increased more than the adsorption force with which the electromagnetic coil adsorbs the adsorbate.

  However, when each magnetized object comes into contact with the electromagnetic coil when the electromagnetic coil is energized, the contact acts as a braking force that prevents the input shaft from rotating. Such an action becomes stronger as the attracting force by the electromagnetic coil is larger, and it is difficult to say that the increased attracting force at the bent corner is effectively utilized.

  Therefore, in the above configuration, the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are configured to be rotatable with respect to the electromagnetic coil when the electromagnetic coil is energized in order to effectively use the increased adsorption force. In this case, even if the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent rotate together with the input shaft, it is possible to prevent such rotation from being hindered by contact with the electromagnetic coil. Therefore, it is possible to increase the attracting force while suppressing an increase in the size of the electromagnetic coil and an increase in power consumption.

  Specifically, the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent may have a gap between the first coil and the second coil after being attracted to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil. . In this case, since each adsorbate is not in physical contact with the electromagnetic coil, the operation as an electromagnetic clutch can be performed more suitably.

  Then, on the outer periphery of the input shaft of the two shafts, the first adsorbent and the electromagnetic coil have a gap after the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are adsorbed to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil. It is preferable that a movement restricting portion for restricting the movement of the second adsorbate is formed.

  According to the above configuration, when the gap is formed between the electromagnetic coil and the moving adsorbent, it is only necessary to change the configuration for the input shaft, and the configuration changes to other than the input shaft. Is suppressed. Therefore, the operation of the electromagnetic clutch can be easily secured.

  In addition, as a specific example of the configuration for rotating the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent, on the electromagnetic coil side, after the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are adsorbed to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil, The first adsorbent and the second adsorbent can have a sliding structure that allows sliding rotation with respect to the electromagnetic coil. In this case, since each adsorbate is not in direct contact with the electromagnetic coil, the operation as an electromagnetic clutch can be performed more suitably.

  In the electromagnetic clutch, the mechanical mechanism unit changes the movement based on the biaxial axial movement of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent in response to energization and non-energization of the electromagnetic coil into the biaxial radial movement. It is preferable to have a conversion mechanism for converting, and the conversion mechanism is configured to mechanically switch between transmission and interruption of rotation between the two axes by the radial movement of the two axes.

  In the above configuration, the various axial configurations of the adsorbents in response to energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coil are converted into biaxial radial motions in various configurations of the mechanical mechanism. A conversion mechanism was adopted. With such a conversion mechanism, the axial movement of each adsorbate in two axes can be efficiently reflected in switching between transmission and interruption of rotation between the two axes. Therefore, an increase in the size of the electromagnetic coil and an increase in power consumption can be suppressed by increasing the efficiency of the mechanical mechanism.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the attracting force while suppressing an increase in the size of the electromagnetic coil and an increase in power consumption.

Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electromagnetic clutch of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which similarly shows the structure of the electromagnetic clutch of 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which shows the structure of the electromagnetic coil part and the mechanical mechanism part about the electromagnetic clutch of 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which similarly shows the structure of the electromagnetic coil part and mechanical mechanism part about the electromagnetic clutch of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the VV line cross section of FIG. 3 typically. Sectional drawing which shows the VI-VI line cross section of FIG. 4 typically. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electromagnetic coil part about the electromagnetic clutch of 2nd Embodiment.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the electromagnetic clutch will be described. The electromagnetic clutch of the present embodiment is, for example, a steering device mounted on a vehicle, and is capable of releasing mechanical connection between a steering shaft provided with a steering wheel operated by a driver and a steered wheel. Used in steer-by-wire systems to mechanically connect and disengage them.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic clutch 10 includes various parts including an electromagnetic coil portion 11 that generates an electromagnetic force and a mechanical mechanism portion 12 that switches between mechanical connection and release using the electromagnetic force. A cylindrical housing 13 is provided. Two axes of an input shaft 14 and an output shaft 15 arranged on the same axis of the cylindrical axis L are inserted into the housing 13 from opposite sides. The housing 13 is divided into a first housing 13a disposed on the side where the input shaft 14 is inserted and a second housing 13b disposed on the side where the output shaft 15 is inserted. In the following description, “axial direction” means the axial length direction of two axes of the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15, “radial direction” means a direction orthogonal to the “axial direction”, and “circumferential direction” means It means the direction of rotation around the “axial direction”.

  A shaft end of a torque generating shaft that is an input source of torque (rotation) transmitted by the electromagnetic clutch 10 is coupled to the input shaft 14 by spline coupling or the like so as to be integrally rotatable. A shaft end of a torque transmission shaft that is an output destination of torque (rotation) transmitted by the electromagnetic clutch 10 is coupled to the output shaft 15 by spline coupling or the like so as to be integrally rotatable. For example, the torque generating shaft is a steering shaft of the steering device. The torque transmission shaft is a pinion shaft of the steering device. The input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 can be transmitted and cut off by switching between integral rotation and relative rotation.

  A cylindrical input side rotation member 16 is externally inserted on the outer periphery of the input shaft 14 inserted into the first housing 13a. A cylindrical output-side rotating member 17 is arranged outside the end portion 16a on the output shaft 15 side of the input-side rotating member 16 so as to surround the end portion 16a. The output-side rotation member 17 has an end 15a on the side of the output shaft 15 to be inserted into the second housing 13b extending along the inner wall of the second housing 13b. The output side rotation member 17 (end portion 15a of the output shaft 15) extends to the vicinity of the first housing 13a. The input shaft 14 is rotatably supported by a bearing 18a fixed to the inner periphery of the first housing 13a. The input side rotating member 16 is rotatably supported by a bearing 18 b fixed to the inner periphery of the output side rotating member 17. The output-side rotating member 17 is rotatably supported by a bearing 18c that is fixed near the insertion port of the output shaft 15 of the second housing 13b. The input side rotating member 16 and the output side rotating member 17 are supported so as not to move in the axial direction with respect to the housing 13.

  The electromagnetic coil unit 11 and the mechanical mechanism unit 12 are respectively constructed on the radially outer side of the input side rotating member 16 (input shaft 14). The electromagnetic coil unit 11 and the mechanical mechanism unit 12 are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the input shaft 14, and the electromagnetic coil unit 11 is arranged on the input shaft 14 side, and the mechanical mechanism unit 12 is arranged on the output shaft 15 side. .

Here, the configuration of the electromagnetic coil unit 11 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the electromagnetic coil part 11 has the electromagnetic coil 20 which generates an electromagnetic force by electricity supply. The electromagnetic coil 20 is electrically connected to an external power source including an inverter as a power supply source via a power supply line 20a. Energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coil 20 is controlled by a control device connected to the tip of the power supply line 20 a outside the electromagnetic clutch 10. The control device controls energization and non-energization of the electromagnetic coil 20 according to, for example, the operation state of the steering device and the traveling state of the vehicle on which the steering device is mounted. In this embodiment, when torque is transmitted between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 by rotating them together, the electromagnetic coil 20 is deenergized by the control device. When the torque transmission between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 is interrupted by relatively rotating the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15, the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized by the control device.

  The electromagnetic coil 20 is configured by winding a winding 21 through which a current supplied from an external power source flows on a resin bobbin. The winding 21 is held by an annular yoke 22 made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron. The yoke 22 is disposed radially outside the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 and coaxially with the two axes (axis L). That is, the electromagnetic coil 20 is disposed on the radially outer side of the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 and on the same axis of the two axes (axis line L). The yoke 22 is provided so as not to move in the axial direction and the radial direction with respect to the first housing 13a by being fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the first housing 13a. Further, the electromagnetic coil 20 is not rotatable in the circumferential direction with respect to the first housing 13a. The electromagnetic coil 20 is also separated from the input side rotation member 16 (input shaft 14).

  On both sides of the two axial directions of the electromagnetic coil 20, an input side adsorbent 23 as an annular first adsorbent made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron and an annular first adsorbent 23 also made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron. An output side adsorbent 24 as two adsorbents is provided. The input side adsorbent 23 is disposed on the input shaft 14 side in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 20. The output side adsorbent 24 is arranged on the output shaft 15 side in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 20. The input-side adsorbent 23 and the output-side adsorbent 24 are disposed on the radially outer side of the input-side rotating member 16 (input shaft 14) and coaxial with the axis L.

  Each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the input side rotating member 16 (input shaft 14) by being spline fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the input side rotating member 16. That is, each adsorbate 23, 24 is an armature. Spline fitting portions 23a and 24a projecting radially inward are formed on the inner circumferences of the adsorbents 23 and 24, respectively. Each spline fitting part 23a, 24a is formed so that it may extend in the axial direction of each adsorbate 23,24. Further, spline fitting grooves 16b and 16c are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input side rotating member 16 so as to be cut inward in the radial direction. The spline fitting grooves 16b and 16c are formed to face the spline fitting portions 23a and 24a, respectively.

  The spline fitting groove 16b is disposed opposite to the spline fitting portion 23a, that is, the input side adsorbent 23, and is formed on the input shaft 14 side of the electromagnetic coil 20. The spline fitting groove 16 c is disposed opposite to the spline fitting portion 24 a, that is, the output side adsorbent 24, and is formed on the output shaft 15 side of the electromagnetic coil 20. Each spline fitting groove 16b, 16c is formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the input side rotating member 16. The spline fitting portions 23a and 24a are fitted into the spline fitting grooves 16b and 16c that are arranged to face each other. As a result, each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 can move in the axial direction with respect to the input side rotation member 16, that is, the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15. Further, each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 can also rotate integrally with the input side rotation member 16, that is, the input shaft 14. Each adsorbate 23 and 24 is also separated from the first housing 13a.

  A plurality (three in the present embodiment) of input side arm portions 23b are formed on the surface of the input side attracting material 23 on the electromagnetic coil 20 side at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The input side arm portion 23 b is formed to extend in the axial direction of the input side adsorbent 23. The input side arm portion 23b has a crank shape as a whole, extends between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the input side rotating member 16, and passes through a passage hole 24d formed in the output side adsorbent 24. Extend. The input side arm portion 23 b extends to the inside of the mechanical mechanism portion 12.

  A plurality of output side arm portions (same as the input side arm portion 23b in this embodiment) are provided on the surface opposite to the electromagnetic coil 20 side of the output side adsorbent 24 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. 24b is formed. The output side arm portion 24 b is formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the output side adsorbent 24. The entire output side arm portion 24 b is linear and extends to the inside of the mechanical mechanism portion 12.

  Further, a cylindrical rotor portion 25 as a movement restricting portion is extrapolated between the outer periphery of the input side rotating member 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 22 of the electromagnetic coil 20. The rotor unit 25 is configured and arranged so as to be able to contact the adsorbents 23 and 24 in the axial direction through movement of the adsorbents 23 and 24 in the axial direction. Moreover, the rotor part 25 makes the structure and arrangement | positioning which control the movement of each adsorbent 23 and 24 so that it may not contact the electromagnetic coil 20, when contacting with each adsorbent 23 and 24. FIG.

  Next, the configuration of the mechanical mechanism unit 12 will be described in detail. 1 and 3 used in the following description are when the electromagnetic coil 20 is not energized, and the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are rotated together to transmit torque between them. The state of the electromagnetic clutch 10 is shown. 2 and 4 show the electromagnetic clutch 10 that is switched to cut off the transmission of torque between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized. Indicates the state.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the outer periphery of the portion surrounded by the output-side rotating member 17 of the input-side rotating member 16, and between the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17, as a conversion mechanism A cam mechanism 30 is provided. The cam mechanism 30 includes a cylindrical cam body 31. The cam body 31 is extrapolated to the input side rotation member 16. On the outer periphery of the cam body 31, a cam groove 31a formed by combining a plurality of different inclinations in the circumferential direction is formed. The cam groove 31 a is a groove whose radial width changes between the cam groove 31 a and the inner peripheral surface of the output side rotation member 17. The cam groove 31a has a cam portion 31b including a narrow portion having a relatively narrow radial width and a pair of wide portions having a wider radial width than the narrow portion. On both sides in the circumferential direction of the narrow portion, a pair of wide portions having an inclination gradient that is positive or negative are arranged. Such cam portions 31b are provided at a plurality of locations (three locations in the present embodiment) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cam groove 31a.

  Each cam portion 31b is provided with a pair of rod-shaped rollers 32. Each roller 32 is provided so that the axial length direction thereof coincides with the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30, and is provided so as to be movable in the circumferential direction in the cam groove 31a. Each roller 32 is disposed one by one between the narrow portion and the wide portion of each cam portion 31b, and is provided so as to be movable in the circumferential direction between the narrow portion and the wide portion. Each roller 32 of the cam portion 31b moves in the cam groove 31a in different directions in the circumferential direction. Each roller 32 is disposed so as to contact the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17 by moving outward in the radial direction of the cam mechanism 30 in the narrow portion of each cam portion 31b. On the other hand, each roller 32 is disposed so as to be separated from the inner peripheral surface of the output side rotation member 17 by moving radially inward of the cam mechanism 30 in the wide portion of each cam portion 31b.

Here, the cam mechanism 30 and its peripheral configuration will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in each cam portion 31 b of the cam mechanism 30, the input side arm portion 23 b and the output side arm portion 24 b are disposed between the rollers 32. The input side arm portion 23b and the output side arm portion 24b are each formed in a wedge shape that is pointed on different sides of the cam mechanism 30 in the axial direction. The arm portions 23 b and 24 b are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction of the cam mechanism 30 in each cam portion 31 b and are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the cam mechanism 30. The facing surfaces of the arm portions 23 b and 24 b have a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30.

  Moreover, each roller 32 which mutually opposes between each adjacent cam part 31b is connected by biasing members 33, such as a coil spring. The urging member 33 urges the rollers 32 facing each other between the adjacent cam portions 31 b in a direction away from each other in the circumferential direction of the cam mechanism 30. That is, the rollers 32 of the cam portions 31b are urged toward the narrow portion of the cam groove 31a in the direction in which they approach each other. Therefore, each roller 32 of each cam part 31b is urged | biased in the direction which approaches each arm part 23b and 24b pinched | interposed between these. In this case, each arm part 23b and 24b is each urged | biased in the shift | offset | difference direction which shifts to the side from which the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30 differs along a mutually opposing surface. In addition, when each arm part 23b and 24b each moves to a shift | offset | difference direction, each adsorption | suction thing 23 and 24 is accompanied with the rotation to a mutually different circumferential direction with a movement to a mutually different axial direction.

  In this way, the adsorbates 23 and 24 are mechanically coupled so as to be interlocked with the mechanical mechanism unit 12. In the mechanical mechanism unit 12, the rollers 32 of the cam mechanism 30 are varied so that the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 rotate integrally when the electromagnetic coil 20 is not normal.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the adsorbates 23 and 24 are separated from the electromagnetic coil 20. In this case, each roller 32 of each cam portion 31 b of the cam mechanism 30 is moved radially outward of the cam mechanism 30 and is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17. When the input shaft 14 rotates, the output shaft 15 rotates integrally with the input shaft 14 by a frictional force generated between each roller 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17.

  In this case, the rollers 32 of the cam portions 31b are urged by the urging members 33 in a direction approaching each other. Each arm part 23b, 24b has shifted | deviated to the said shift | offset | difference direction when each roller 32 of each cam part 31b approaches mutually.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the input side arm portion 23b is shifted to the input shaft 14 side in the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30 with respect to the output side arm portion 24b. Further, the output side arm portion 24b is shifted to the output shaft 15 side in the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30 with respect to the input side arm portion 23b. That is, the input side adsorbent 23 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 toward the input shaft 14. Further, the output side adsorbent 24 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 to the output shaft 15 side. For convenience of explanation, FIG. 5 schematically shows a cross section taken along the line VV passing through the axis L of the electromagnetic coil section 11 through the cam section 31b of the mechanical mechanism section 12 of FIG.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 5, the interval at which the input-side attracted material 23 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 is a predetermined interval corresponding to the amount by which each roller 32 of each cam portion 31b approaches, that is, the interval L1. Moreover, the space | interval which the output side adsorption | suction thing 24 spaces apart with respect to the electromagnetic coil 20 turns into the predetermined space | interval according to the part which each roller 32 of each cam part 31b approaches, ie, space | interval L2.

  The interval at which the input side adsorbent 23 is separated from the rotor portion 25 is an interval L3 that is smaller than the sum of the interval L1 and the interval L2. Such an interval L3 is a stroke amount by which the input side adsorbent 23 can move in the axial direction. The interval at which the output side adsorbent 24 is separated from the rotor portion 25 is an interval L4 that is smaller than the sum of the interval L1 and the interval L2. Such an interval L4 is a stroke amount by which the output side adsorbent 24 can move in the axial direction.

Further, in the mechanical mechanism unit 12, when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, each roller 32 of the cam mechanism 30 is varied so as to relatively rotate the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the attracted materials 23 and 24 are attracted to and approach the electromagnetic coil 20 and are in contact with the rotor portion 25. In this case, each roller 32 of each cam portion 31 b of the cam mechanism 30 is moved radially inward of the cam mechanism 30 and is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17. When the input shaft 14 rotates, the input shaft 14 rotates relative to the output shaft 15 because each roller 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 17 are separated from each other.

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the arm portions 23 b and 24 b are opposite to the displacement direction, and the arm end surfaces 23 c and 24 c substantially coincide with the axial direction of the cam mechanism 30. Moving in the direction. Each roller 32 of each cam portion 31b moves in a direction away from each other as each arm portion 23b, 24b moves in a direction opposite to the direction of displacement. For convenience of explanation, FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross section along the VI-VI line passing through the axis L of the electromagnetic coil section 11 through the cam section 31b of the mechanical mechanism section 12 of FIG.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 6, the interval at which the input side attracted material 23 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 is an interval L5 obtained by subtracting the interval L3 from the interval L1. Such an interval L5 is smaller than the interval L3, which is the stroke amount of the input side adsorbent 23. Further, the interval at which the output-side adsorbent 24 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 is an interval L6 obtained by subtracting the interval L4 from the interval L2. Such an interval L6 is smaller than the interval L4, which is the stroke amount of the output side adsorbent 24.

According to the electromagnetic clutch 10 of this embodiment demonstrated above, the effect | action and effect shown to the following (1)-(4) can be acquired.
(1) As shown in FIG. 5, when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized when the electromagnetic coil 20 is de-energized, the magnetic flux formed around the electromagnetic coil 20 on both sides in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 20 It passes through each adsorbate 23, 24 arranged in the. That is, an electromagnetic force is generated by forming the magnetic circuit M inside each of the adsorbents 23 and 24. Such an electromagnetic force acts on each adsorbent 23 and 24 as an adsorbing force that adsorbs (sucks) each adsorbent 23 and 24 to the electromagnetic coil 20. The attracting force is set sufficiently larger than the biasing force of the biasing member 33 of the cam mechanism 30 when the electromagnetic coil 20 is not energized.

  That is, as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 5, the relative distance (interval L1) between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the input-side adsorbent 23 is reduced, and the relative distance (interval L2) between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the output-side adsorbent 24 is reduced. Will shrink. In this shrinking process, neither the adsorbents 23, 24 come into contact with the electromagnetic coil 20, but the relative distance between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the input adsorbent 23 and the electromagnetic coil 20 and the output adsorbent 24. The relative distance is adjusted autonomously.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the adsorbents 23, 24 come into contact with the rotor portion 25, that is, the adsorbents 23, 24 are adsorbed with the intervals L5, L6 (gap) between the electromagnetic coil 20. The In this case, when the input shaft 14 rotates, the adsorbents 23 and 24 rotate integrally with the input shaft 14, while the adsorbents 23 and 24 rotate without contacting the electromagnetic coil 20.

  In the mechanical mechanism unit 12, when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, the adsorbents 23 and 24 move in the axial direction, so that the cam mechanism 30 releases the integral rotation of the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15. That is, in the mechanical mechanism unit 12, the cam mechanism 30 is varied so that the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 rotate relative to each other. In this case, each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 is pulled and attracted to the electromagnetic coil 20 by an attracting force (electromagnetic force) and can rotate integrally with the input shaft 14.

  Therefore, the electromagnetic coil 20 can generate the electromagnetic force on both sides in the axial direction to adsorb the adsorbents 23 and 24 provided on the respective sides. Thereby, compared with the said prior art example which adsorb | sucks the adsorbate arrange | positioned at the one side of an electromagnetic coil, each adsorbent 23, without reducing the adsorption | suction force in which the electromagnetic coil 20 adsorb | sucks each adsorbate 23,24, respectively. It is possible to increase the total stroke amount (interval L3 + interval L4) as an adsorbate that combines the 24 stroke amounts.

  For example, when the electromagnetic coil 20 sets the adsorption force for adsorbing the adsorbents 23 and 24 to the same magnitude as the adsorbing force for the electromagnetic coil adsorbing the adsorbents in the above-described conventional example, the adsorbents 23 and 24 above. The total stroke amount can be made larger than the stroke amount of the adsorbate in the conventional example.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, when the adsorbents 23 and 24 provided on the respective sides are generated by generating an electromagnetic force on both sides of the electromagnetic coil 20, the adsorbents 23 and 24 are compared with the conventional example. The electromagnetic coil 20 can be suitably adapted to increase the adsorption force for adsorbing the adsorbed materials 23 and 24 without reducing the total stroke amount of 24.

  For example, when the total stroke amount of each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 is set to be the same as the stroke amount of the adsorbent in the above-described conventional example, the adsorption force that the electromagnetic coil 20 adsorbs each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 is set to the above-described conventional force. In the example, the electromagnetic coil can be increased more than the adsorption force that adsorbs the adsorbate.

  However, when the adsorbents 23 and 24 come into contact with the electromagnetic coil 20 when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, the contact acts as a braking force that prevents the input shaft 14 from rotating. Such an action becomes stronger as the attracting force by the electromagnetic coil 20 is larger, and it is difficult to say that the increased attracting force at the bent corner is effectively utilized.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the adsorbents 23 and 24 are configured to be rotatable with respect to the electromagnetic coil 20 when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized in order to effectively use the increased attractive force. In this case, even if each adsorbate 23 and 24 rotates together with the input shaft 14, it can be prevented that such rotation is hindered by contact with the electromagnetic coil 20. Therefore, it is possible to increase the attracting force while suppressing an increase in the size of the electromagnetic coil 20 and an increase in power consumption.

  (2) As shown in FIG. 6, after adsorbing the adsorbents 23 and 24 to the electromagnetic coil 20, it is configured to have a gap between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the adsorbents 23 and 24. did. In this case, the adsorbents 23 and 24 are not in physical contact with the electromagnetic coil 20. As a result, as described above, the operation as the electromagnetic clutch 10 can be suitably performed even if the electromagnetic coil 20 is configured to increase the attractive force while suppressing an increase in size and power consumption.

  (3) After adsorbing the adsorbents 23 and 24 to the electromagnetic coil 20, the gap between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the adsorbents 23 and 24 is a rotor extrapolated to the input side rotating member 16 (input shaft 14). The portion 25 appears by restricting the movement of the adsorbates 23 and 24 in the axial direction.

  As described above, when the electromagnetic coil 20 and the adsorbents 23 and 24 are configured to have a gap, it is only necessary to change the configuration of the input side rotating member 16 (input shaft 14). It is possible to prevent the configuration from changing beyond the axis 14. Therefore, the operation of the electromagnetic clutch 10 can be easily secured.

  (4) As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the cam mechanism 30 of the mechanical mechanism unit 12 moves the respective adsorbents 23 and 24 in the axial direction in response to energization and non-energization of the electromagnetic coil 20. This is converted into radial movement of each roller 32 of 31b. The cam mechanism 30 mechanically switches between rotation transmission and interruption between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 by movement in the radial direction.

  That is, in the above-described configuration, while the various configurations of the mechanical mechanism unit 12 are conceivable, the two-axis axial movements of the adsorbents 23 and 24 according to energization and non-energization of the electromagnetic coil 20 can be performed using the input shaft. 14 and the cam mechanism 30 that converts the movement into the radial movement of the output shaft 15 is adopted. With such a cam mechanism 30, the axial movement of each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 can be efficiently reflected in the switching between transmission and interruption of rotation between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15. Therefore, an increase in the size of the electromagnetic coil 20 and an increase in power consumption can be suppressed by increasing the efficiency of the mechanical mechanism section 12.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the electromagnetic clutch will be described. Note that the same configurations and the same control contents as those in the embodiment already described are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the electromagnetic coil unit 11 (electromagnetic clutch 10) of the present embodiment, a plurality of (for example, 10) balls are spaced at the same interval in the circumferential direction on the electromagnetic coil 20 side of each adsorbate 23, 24. And a sliding structure 40 constructed by providing roller bearings having rollers and the like. In the present embodiment, the space between the outer periphery of the input side rotating member 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 22 of the electromagnetic coil 20 is hollow.

In the present embodiment, when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, the adsorbents 23 and 24 are adsorbed to the electromagnetic coil 20 via the sliding structure 40.
According to the electromagnetic clutch 10 of this embodiment described above, in addition to the actions and effects according to (1) and (4) of the first embodiment, the actions and effects shown in the following (5) and (6). Play.

  (5) As shown in FIG. 7, after adsorbing the adsorbents 23 and 24 to the electromagnetic coil 20, the slip structure 40 is interposed between the electromagnetic coil 20 and the adsorbents 23 and 24. In this case, the adsorbents 23 and 24 do not directly contact the electromagnetic coil 20. Therefore, as described above, the adsorbents 23 and 24 are rotated together with the input shaft 14 after being attracted to the electromagnetic coil 20, and the sliding structure 40 slides even if the adsorbents 23 and 24 rotate. Just do it.

  That is, it is possible to prevent the rotation of the input shaft 14 from being hindered. As a result, as described above, the operation as the electromagnetic clutch 10 can be suitably performed even if the electromagnetic coil 20 is configured to increase the attractive force while suppressing an increase in size and power consumption.

  (6) In this embodiment, the rotor part 25 which was necessary in the said 1st Embodiment can be made unnecessary. Therefore, the interval between the outer periphery of the input side rotating member 16 and the inner periphery of the yoke 22 can be reduced. Therefore, the electromagnetic coil portion 11 can be reduced in the radial direction, which contributes to the radial reduction of the electromagnetic clutch 10.

In addition, each said embodiment can also be implemented with the following forms.
-In the said 1st Embodiment, the rotor part 25 may be provided discontinuously in the axial direction of the input side rotation member 16, and is provided one each at the end of the input shaft 14 side and the output shaft 15 side. May be used.

  In the second embodiment, instead of the sliding structure 40, grease or the like may be applied to the side of the electromagnetic coil 20 of each of the adsorbents 23 and 24 to apply a low friction coating. Even in this case, the effects and effects according to the above (5) and (6) can be achieved.

-In the said 2nd Embodiment, the sliding structure 40 is employ | adopted only with respect to one of each adsorbate 23 and 24, and the rotor part 25 of the said 1st Embodiment may be employ | adopted with respect to the other.
In each of the above embodiments, the mechanical mechanism unit 12 is not limited to the cam mechanism 30, and the axial movement of the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 of each adsorbate 23, 24 is the radial direction of the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15. As long as the mechanism can be converted into the movement, it may be changed as appropriate.

  In each of the above embodiments, the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are relatively rotated when the electromagnetic coil 20 is not energized, and the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are integrally rotated when the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized. Good.

  In the above embodiments, the intervals L1 and L2 at which the adsorbents 23 and 24 are separated from the electromagnetic coil 20 and the intervals L3 and L4 at which the adsorbents 23 and 24 are separated from the rotor portion 25 are: It can be changed as appropriate. However, it is necessary to satisfy at least that the distances L3 and L4 are smaller than the sum of the distance L1 and the distance L2.

  L1, L2, L3, L4 ... spacing, L5, L6 ... spacing (gap), 10 ... electromagnetic clutch, 11 ... electromagnetic coil section, 12 ... mechanical mechanism section, 14 ... input shaft, 15 ... output shaft, 20 ... electromagnetic coil , 23 ... input side adsorbate (first adsorbate), 24 ... output side adsorbate (second adsorbate), 25 ... rotor part (movement restricting part), 30 ... cam mechanism, 40 ... slip structure.

Claims (5)

Two axes of an input shaft and an output shaft arranged on the same axis, and a mechanical mechanism portion that mechanically switches between transmission and interruption of rotation between the two shafts, and using electromagnetic force of the mechanical mechanism portion In an electromagnetic clutch that enables transmission and interruption of torque between the two shafts by switching,
An electromagnetic coil which is a generation source of the electromagnetic force and is provided immovably with respect to the two axes;
A first adsorbent that is provided for switching the mechanical mechanism by forming a magnetic circuit by energization of the electromagnetic coil and that is movable on the same axis of the electromagnetic coil and in the axial direction of the two axes. When,
By forming a magnetic circuit by energization of the electromagnetic coil, it is used for switching of the mechanical mechanism, and on the opposite side of the first adsorbent with respect to the electromagnetic coil, is coaxial with the electromagnetic coil and the two axes A second adsorbent provided to be movable in the axial direction of
The first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are configured to be rotatable with respect to the electromagnetic coil while rotating integrally with the input shaft of the two axes when the electromagnetic coil is energized. And electromagnetic clutch.   2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent are configured to have a gap with the electromagnetic coil after being adsorbed to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil. .   The outer periphery of the input shaft of the two shafts has a gap between the electromagnetic coil after the first and second adsorbents are attracted to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, wherein a movement restricting portion that restricts movement of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent is formed.   On the electromagnetic coil side of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent, after the adsorption of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent to the electromagnetic coil by energization of the electromagnetic coil, 2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic clutch has a sliding structure that allows the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent to slide and rotate. The mechanical mechanism unit converts the biaxial axial movement of the first adsorbent and the second adsorbent in response to energization and deenergization of the electromagnetic coil into radial movement of the biaxial. Having a conversion mechanism,
5. The conversion mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the conversion mechanism is configured to mechanically switch between transmission and interruption of rotation between the two axes by a radial movement of the two axes. The electromagnetic clutch described.