JP6498102B2 - Primary spring system diagnostic device for vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an axle box support device for a railway vehicle.

  In FIG. 11, 101 is a vehicle body, 102 is a carriage, 103 is a shaft spring, and 104 is a shaft damper.

  As shown in this figure, the axle damper and axle spring of the railway vehicle are collectively called the axle box support device, and it is a component that improves the riding comfort of the railway vehicle that is vibrated due to rail joints and irregular tracks. It is.

  If a shaft damper with large functional deterioration is known by the ground device in the state of being present, it can be preferentially inspected and contribute to improving the efficiency of the inspection and, in turn, improving riding comfort. In particular, it can be realized without attaching a special sensor to each vehicle, which is cost-effective.

  The present inventor has already proposed various state monitoring systems on the vehicle side as described below.

JP 2014-210507 A JP 2012-126151 A JP 2011-051518 A

  To test the function of the shaft damper once attached to the support device of the axle box, remove each part again, perform the vibration test with the damper testing machine, evaluate the result and satisfy the specified performance Reinstall the item in the vehicle, and if it does not meet the specified performance, send it to the inspection and install a damper that satisfies the function.

  A major railroad company holds thousands of vehicles, so the total number of dampers with eight on each car reaches tens of thousands. There was a problem that it took time and effort.

  Also, shaft springs are attached to the same number of vehicles as the shaft dampers, and if the function test is performed, the same problem as the shaft damper occurs.

  Therefore, in the present invention, it is noted that the force acting on the track changes if the damping characteristic or rigidity of the axle box support device changes, and the damping characteristic or stiffness of the axle box support device is observed by observing the response of the orbit. A primary spring system diagnostic device that can detect changes in the vehicle is proposed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a shaft spring and a shaft damper with a large function degradation in the state of presence can be preferentially repaired.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] A primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle, comprising: an impulse block arranged on a track; and a diagnostic sensor arranged on the track; a wheel rides on the impulse block, and a track corresponding to a force at the time of landing of the wheel The response waveform is measured by the diagnostic sensor, and the abnormality of the primary spring system of the vehicle is diagnosed based on the response waveform.

  [2] The primary spring system diagnosis device for a vehicle according to [1], wherein the primary spring system of the vehicle is a shaft spring of a shaft box support device, and the trajectory of the track according to characteristics of the shaft spring and the shaft damper is determined. Based on the response waveform, a diagnosis is made as to whether the shaft damper is under-damped or over-damped, or the shaft spring is over-rigid or under-rigid.

  [3] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to [2], wherein the response waveform of the track is a response acceleration waveform of the track.

  [4] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to [2], wherein the response waveform of the track is a response displacement waveform of the track.

  [5] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to [2], wherein the response waveform of the track is a response waveform related to a load as a force in the track.

  [6] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to [2], wherein the response waveform of the track is a response waveform related to distortion of the track.

  [7] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the impulse block is a protrusion disposed on a track.

  [8] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the impulse block is a joint arranged on a track.

  [9] The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the impulse block is a waveform block arranged on a track.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

  (1) Simple diagnosis of problems in the vertical system of the axle box support device of thousands of vehicles owned by each railway sales company, which contributes to improving the ride comfort and greatly affects the wheel load fluctuation. The diagnosis of the primary spring system contributes to the improvement of safety. In particular, by knowing the shaft spring and the shaft damper that are greatly deteriorated in function, the inspection can be performed preferentially, which can contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of the inspection and the improvement of the ride comfort. In particular, it can be realized without attaching a special sensor to each vehicle, which is cost-effective.

  (2) Not only in railways but also in automobiles, the primary spring system of automobiles is pneumatic tires, so it can also be applied to the diagnosis of tire pressure, and the safety of vehicles that pass hundreds of thousands of vehicles per day on each highway. Contribute to improvement. In particular, it is possible to prevent an accident in the expressway caused by tire pressure that is likely to cause a disastrous accident.

It is a schematic diagram of the primary spring system diagnostic apparatus of the vehicle of the present invention. It is a numerical model of the axle box support apparatus of the railway vehicle of this invention. It is a response acceleration waveform diagram by numerical simulation of the track of the railway vehicle of the present invention. It is a response displacement waveform figure by numerical simulation of the bogie frame of the railway vehicle of the present invention. It is a response displacement waveform diagram by numerical simulation of the track of the railway vehicle of the present invention. It is a wave form diagram of power in a track by numerical simulation of a track of a rail car of the present invention. It is a wave form diagram of track distortion by numerical simulation of the track of the rail car of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of a primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle in which a seam of a track is provided instead of a protrusion as an impulse block showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle provided with a waveform block (a pulse block that generates a vibration such as a sine wave as a standing wave) instead of a protrusion as an impulse block showing still another embodiment of the present invention. is there. It is a schematic diagram of the primary spring system diagnostic apparatus of the vehicle installed in front of the gate of the highway which shows the further Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the axle box support apparatus of a railway vehicle.

  A primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle according to the present invention includes an impulse block disposed on a track and a diagnostic sensor. A wheel rides on the impulse block, and the response waveform of the track due to the force of landing of the wheel is diagnosed. An abnormality is detected in the primary spring system of the wheel based on the response waveform.

  Further, in the primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle, an impulse block installed in front of the gate of the expressway and a diagnostic sensor are provided, on the basis of the force that the wheel rides on the impulse block and pushes the road surface when landing. Diagnose the abnormality of the primary spring system of the wheel.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  1 is a schematic diagram of a primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a numerical model thereof, FIG. 3 is a response acceleration waveform diagram of a track by numerical simulation of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the displacement of the track by the numerical simulation of the track of the railway vehicle of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a waveform of the force in the track by the numerical simulation of the track of the rail vehicle of the present invention. FIGS. 7A and 7B are waveform diagrams of the distortion of the track by the numerical simulation of the track of the railway vehicle of the present invention.

  First, a description will be given of the axle box support device for a railway vehicle and the principle of diagnosis thereof.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a railway vehicle, 2 is a carriage, 3 is a shaft spring, 4 is a shaft damper, 5 is a wheel, 6 is a clearance between the wheel and the track, 7 is a track, 8 is a protrusion, and 9 is a diagnostic sensor. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the primary spring system diagnostic apparatus of the present invention includes an impulse block and a diagnostic sensor. When the railway vehicle 1 travels at a low speed, the projection 5 as an impulse block having a height of several millimeters is provided on the wheel 5. Rides, and the trajectory responds by the force at the time of landing of the wheel 5. Since the response of the track appears as a physical quantity such as displacement, acceleration, force (load), strain, etc., the response waveform is measured by the diagnostic sensor 9 arranged on the track 7, and the primary railway vehicle is based on these response waveforms. Diagnose spring system abnormalities.

  1, the shaft spring 3 and the shaft damper 4 as the primary spring system are schematically shown in order to facilitate the correspondence with the numerical model of FIG.

  This diagnostic principle will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 2, the railway vehicle 1, the carriage 2, the shaft spring 3 and the shaft damper 4, which are primary spring systems, the wheels 5, the gap 6, the track spring element 10 and the track damper element 11 are replaced. And the response of the track according to the characteristics of the shaft spring 3 and the shaft damper 4 of the primary spring system of the vehicle was calculated. As an example, a simulation was performed under normal conditions, under conditions where the damping of the shaft damper was insufficient (1/10 times normal), or when the spring stiffness was excessive due to the spring being fixed (10 times normal). 3 shows the acceleration of the orbit at that time. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents time (s), the vertical axis represents the response acceleration (m / s ² ) of the trajectory, and in FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents time (s), the vertical axis represents the carriage frame displacement (m), In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents time (s), and the vertical axis represents the displacement of the trajectory (m).

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the damper dampening deficiency condition and the spring stiffness deficiency condition have a long duration of vibration with respect to the normal condition. It can be distinguished whether the rigidity is excessive. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, the vibration of the carriage displacement under normal conditions converges earlier than the other conditions.

  Further, it is difficult to distinguish between the condition of insufficient damper damping and the condition of excessive spring rigidity depending on whether the vibration continues. However, due to the difference in time from when the amplitude once decreases to when the amplitude increases again as shown in FIG. 3, or due to the difference in the wavelength of one wave as shown in FIG. Diagnosis of excessive conditions is possible. This is because insufficient damping of the damper lowers the vibration frequency of the carriage, and excessive spring rigidity increases the vibration frequency of the carriage. The change in the vibration frequency of the carriage is also apparent from FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the diagnosis of insufficient damper damping and excessive spring stiffness can be made by the magnitude of the amplitude of the high-frequency waveform.

  The force in the track of FIG. 6 and the strain of the track of FIG. 7 are proportional to the track displacement of FIG. 5, so that the diagnosis of the axle box support device of the vehicle can be made in the same manner as the track displacement of FIG.

  As is apparent from the above, it is possible to diagnose normal conditions, insufficient damper damping conditions, and excessive spring stiffness conditions from the response waveform of the track.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle in which a seam of a track is provided instead of a projection as an impulse block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  In this figure, 12 is a track, 13 is a joint of a track instead of a protrusion, and 14 is a diagnostic sensor arranged on the track 12.

  In this embodiment, a seam 13 (for example, a gap or a step) of a track as an impulse block is provided instead of the protrusion of FIG. 1, and the track 12 is vibrated when the wheel 5 passes through the seam 13 for diagnosis. It is possible to diagnose whether it is normal, the damping of the shaft damper is insufficient, or the spring stiffness is excessive by measuring with the sensor 14.

  FIG. 9 shows a primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle provided with a waveform block (a pulse block that generates a vibration such as a sine wave as a standing wave) instead of a projection as an impulse block according to still another embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram.

  In this figure, 15 is a trajectory, 16 is a waveform block (pulse block that generates a sine wave as a standing wave) instead of a projection, and 17 is a diagnostic sensor arranged on the trajectory 15.

  In this embodiment, a waveform block 16 as an impulse block is provided instead of the projection on the track in FIG. 1, and the track 15 is vibrated when the wheel 5 passes through the waveform block 16. By measuring, it is possible to diagnose whether it is normal, the damping of the shaft damper is insufficient, or the spring stiffness is excessive.

  By configuring in this way, it is possible to diagnose normal conditions, insufficient damper damping conditions, and excessive spring rigidity conditions from the response waveforms of the railcar tracks of FIGS.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle installed in front of a highway gate according to a further embodiment of the present invention.

  In this figure, 21 is an expressway gate, 22 is an impulse block 22 made up of protrusions, seams, or corrugated blocks shown in FIGS. 1, 8, and 9 disposed in front of the expressway gate 21. A diagnostic plate 24 provided with a diagnostic sensor 23 is disposed behind the impulse block 22.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, it is diagnosed whether or not the air pressure of the vehicle tire that is the primary spring system of the vehicle is appropriate. For example, if the tire pressure of the vehicle is lower than the reference value, the diagnosis is made by the diagnostic sensor 23 arranged on the diagnostic plate 24 that the spring stiffness is insufficient. In the above embodiment, the projection, seam, or corrugated block is exemplified as the impulse block. However, when a vehicle wheel / tire passes through the impulse block, a force different from that of normal driving is applied to the track or road surface. Anything that can be used is acceptable.

  It should be noted that the present invention can be variously modified and is not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a primary spring system diagnostic device for a vehicle that can preferentially check a shaft spring and a shaft damper that are greatly deteriorated in function by the ground device in the present state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railway vehicle 2 Carriage 3 Axis spring 4 Axis damper 5 Wheel 6 Gap 7, 12, 15 Track 8 Protrusion 9, 14, 17, 23 Diagnostic sensor 10 Track spring element 11 Track damper element 13 Track seam 16 Waveform Block 21 Highway gate 22 Impulse block placed in front of highway gate 24 Diagnostic plate

Claims (9)

An impulse block disposed on the track, and a diagnostic sensor disposed on the track, a wheel rides on the impulse block, and a response waveform of the track with respect to the force at the time of landing of the wheel is measured by the diagnostic sensor; An apparatus for diagnosing a primary spring system of a vehicle that diagnoses an abnormality in a primary spring system of the vehicle based on the response waveform.   The primary spring system diagnosis device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the primary spring system of the vehicle is a shaft spring of a shaft box support device, and is based on a response waveform of the track according to characteristics of the shaft spring and the shaft damper. A primary spring system diagnosis device for a vehicle, which diagnoses whether the shaft damper is under-damped or over-damped, or whether the shaft spring is over-rigid or under-rigid.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the response waveform of the track is a response acceleration waveform of the track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the response waveform of the track is a response displacement waveform of the track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the response waveform of the track is a response waveform related to a load as a force in the track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the response waveform of the track is a response waveform related to the distortion of the track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the impulse block is a protrusion disposed on a track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the impulse block is a joint arranged on a track.   The primary spring system diagnostic apparatus for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the impulse block is a waveform block arranged on a track.

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