JP6502180B2 - Conductive sliding member, method of manufacturing the same, and alternator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a conductive sliding member, a method of manufacturing the same, and an alternator.

  A carbon brush which is a conductive sliding member having slidability and conductivity is used for a generator such as an alternator or a brush of a motor. This carbon brush generally contains a binder resin and graphite, and a metal powder such as copper (see, for example, JP-A-10-134921). The conductive sliding member such as this carbon brush is required to have high slidability and conductivity improvement in order to improve the efficiency of the above-mentioned generator and motor, and particularly in the field of automobile etc. Lifespan is required.

  Here, as a method of improving the conductivity of the carbon brush, a method of increasing the content of the metal powder can be considered. However, the microstructure of the carbon brush is formed by irregularly and independently dispersing components having different properties, that is, a binder resin and graphite having a large resistivity, and a conductive metal powder having a small resistivity. That is, in the carbon brush, a current path is not formed by arranging the contained metal powder in one direction. Therefore, it is difficult for the carbon brush to greatly improve the conductivity even if the content of the metal powder is increased. On the other hand, the decrease in wear resistance and the like due to the increase in contact resistance, and the increase in vibration and noise of the brush It may occur.

  Therefore, as another method of improving the conductivity of the carbon brush, for example, a method of bonding a conductive layer such as a metal foil or metal mesh to a base material containing carbon as a main component with an adhesive or the like has been proposed 10-23717). However, this method tends to improve the conductivity of the carbon brush, but there is a risk that the base material and the conductive layer may peel off due to the decrease in strength of the adhesive due to heat generation during use. In addition, when a metal mesh is used as the conductive layer, the adhesive property is significantly reduced by the adhesive remaining in the mesh, and as a result, the base material and the conductive layer may be more easily peeled off.

  In order to suppress peeling between the substrate and the conductive layer, a carbon brush using a metal mesh formed into a corrugated shape as the conductive layer has also been proposed (see JP-A-56-24777). The carbon brush is considered to be easy to bond with the components of the substrate by making the metal mesh corrugated. However, in the carbon brush, a location where a plurality of metal nets are in contact with each other without a base is easily generated, and there is a possibility that the base and metal net may be separated due to the location where the metal nets are in contact. This is particularly noticeable when the size of the carbon brush is reduced. Furthermore, since the shape of the metal mesh is complicated in the carbon brush, it is difficult to arrange the metal mesh in the substrate at equal intervals. Therefore, in the carbon brush, the position and the area of the metal mesh exposed on the sliding surface may change due to wear due to use, and the electric resistance may change.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-134921 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-23717 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-24777

  The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a conductive sliding member which can suppress peeling between a base and a conductive layer and is excellent in slidability and conductivity. It is to do.

  The invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject is a substrate which contains carbon fiber and graphite in a matrix, and a plurality of openings which are arranged in a layer in this substrate, have metal as a main component, and penetrates to the front and back. And the conductive layer is buried in the base so that the plurality of openings are filled with the material constituting the base, and the conductive layer is filled with the one or more conductive layers. It is a conductive sliding member in which the end face of the layer is exposed at least on the sliding surface.

  In the conductive sliding member, the metal-based conductive layer is buried in the base material, and the end face of the conductive layer is exposed on the sliding surface. The conductive sliding member is excellent in conductivity because the conductive layer is a path of current which is physically continuous from the sliding surface. Further, the conductive layer regularly has a plurality of openings penetrating to the front and back, and the plurality of openings are filled with the material constituting the base material. Therefore, even if the area and the number of layers of the conductive layer are increased, the conductive sliding member can easily maintain the content of graphite, which is a component that improves the slidability, and is thus excellent in the slidability. In the conductive sliding member, the carbon fiber filled in the opening can be entangled in the frame of the conductive layer surrounding the opening, and as a result, peeling between the conductive layer and the base layer is suppressed. Ru.

  The one or more conductive layers may be disposed substantially perpendicular to the sliding surface. As described above, by arranging the one or more conductive layers substantially perpendicularly to the sliding surface, the path of the current can be shortened when the wiring is connected to the surface opposite to the sliding surface. The conductivity can be further improved.

  The conductive layer may be formed by arranging a wire in a stripe shape or a net shape. Wires arranged in a stripe or net are easy to obtain and easy to handle during manufacture. Therefore, manufacturing cost can be reduced by forming the said conductive layer which arrange | positioned the wire material in stripe shape or mesh shape.

  The wire may be disposed to be inclined with respect to the sliding surface. As described above, by arranging the wire to be inclined with respect to the sliding surface, the position at which the wire is exposed on the sliding surface changes as the conductive sliding member wears. Therefore, it is possible to suppress adhesion wear and the like at a specific position of the mating material.

  The plurality of conductive layers may be disposed substantially parallel and at substantially equal intervals. As described above, by arranging the plurality of conductive layers substantially in parallel and at substantially equal intervals, the electrical resistance is unlikely to change even if the contact position with the mating material changes due to wear and the like. Moreover, since the location which several conductive layers contact without a base material can be reduced, peeling of a base material and a conductive layer can be suppressed more.

  The metal is preferably copper or a copper alloy. Thus, the conductivity and the slidability can be further improved because the metal is copper or a copper alloy which is excellent in conductivity and moderately soft and hard to damage the mating material. In addition, since copper or copper alloy is relatively inexpensive, the manufacturing cost can also be reduced.

  The main component of the matrix is preferably a phenol resin. As described above, the slidability and the conductivity can be further improved because the main component of the matrix is a phenol resin which is excellent in strength and heat resistance.

  The carbon fiber is preferably pitch-based carbon fiber. The pitch-based carbon fiber is considered to improve the sliding of the sliding surface by exuding tar due to heat generation and the like at the time of sliding. Therefore, it is thought that slidability can be improved more because the said carbon fiber is pitch system carbon fiber.

  Another invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject is an alternator provided with a carbon brush containing the conductive sliding member concerned, and used under conditions where the above-mentioned carbon brush becomes 70 ° C or more.

  The alternator includes the conductive sliding member in which the carbon brush can suppress the peeling between the base and the conductive layer and is excellent in the slidability and the conductivity, so that the alternator is excellent in power generation efficiency and has a long life. Moreover, since the said conductive sliding member can suppress peeling of a conductive layer and a base material without using an adhesive agent, the said alternator maintains a long life, even if used under relatively high temperature which becomes 70 degreeC or more Easy to do.

  Still another invention made to solve the above-mentioned problems is a substrate containing carbon fibers and graphite in a matrix, and disposed in layers in this substrate, with a metal as a main component and penetrating from the front to the back What is claimed is: 1. A method of manufacturing a conductive sliding member comprising: one or more conductive layers regularly having a plurality of openings, comprising: a plurality of base layers constituting the base; and the one or more conductive layers. And a step of thermocompression bonding the laminated body after the laminating step.

  The method of manufacturing the conductive sliding member can suppress peeling between the base and the conductive layer, and can easily and reliably provide the conductive sliding member having excellent slidability and conductivity.

  Here, “matrix” is a concept including one that functions as a binder. The “main component” is a component with the highest content, for example, a component with a content of 50% by mass or more. The term "embedded in the substrate" means that the surface area of the area exposed from the substrate is less than 50% of the total surface area. The term "substantially perpendicular" means that the angle formed is 80 degrees or more and 100 degrees or less. The “substantially parallel” means that the angle formed is within ± 10 °. The "approximately equal intervals" means that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the intervals of any ten points is within 10% of the average value. "The conditions which will be 70 degreeC or more" mean the conditions which may become 70 degreeC or more momentarily at least.

  According to the said electroconductive sliding member and its manufacturing method, peeling of a base material and a conductive layer can be suppressed, and the electroconductive sliding member which is excellent in slidability and electroconductivity can be provided. The alternator has excellent power generation efficiency and long life.

It is a schematic front view which shows the sliding face of one Embodiment of the electroconductive sliding member of this invention. It is a schematic partial enlarged view of the conductive layer and base material of FIG. It is a typical partial expanded sectional view by the X1-X1 line of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows the thrust test apparatus used in the Example of this invention. It is a typical front view of Drawing 4A. It is a schematic plan view explaining the electroconductive sliding member used in the Example of this invention, and the terminal of a low resistivity meter.

  The conductive sliding member, the method of manufacturing the same, and the alternator of the present invention will be described below. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the material illustrated below may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

<Conductive sliding member>
The conductive sliding member shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a base 1 and metal mesh 2 as a plurality of conductive layers disposed in a layer in the base 1. The metal mesh 2 regularly has meshes 3 as a plurality of openings penetrating the front and back. The metal mesh 2 is buried in the substrate 1 so that the plurality of meshes 3 are filled with the material constituting the substrate 1. The end faces of the plurality of metal meshes 2 are exposed at least on the sliding surface.

  The shape of the conductive sliding member is a rectangular parallelepiped, and a square surface to which the end faces of the plurality of metal meshes 2 shown in FIG. 1 are exposed is a sliding surface, and this sliding surface abuts against the mating member at the time of use . However, the shape of the conductive sliding member is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be, for example, a prismatic pillar shape such as a triangular pillar shape or a pentagonal pillar shape, or a cylindrical shape. Further, the shape of the sliding surface is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape or a pentagonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. Furthermore, the sliding surface may be flat or curved. Further, the conductive sliding member may have a plurality of sliding surfaces. In this case, the conductive sliding member may be used with only one sliding surface in contact with the mating material, or a plurality of sliding surfaces may be used in contact with one or more mating materials. May be Moreover, the area | region which is not contact | abutting with the other material in the said sliding surface may be used for another uses, such as a connection of wiring, fixation of the said electroconductive sliding member.

  The average length of one side in the case where the sliding surface is a polygon and the average diameter in the case where the sliding surface is circular are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately changed according to the application and the like. The lower limit of the average length or the average diameter of one side is usually 0.2 mm, preferably 1 mm, and more preferably 3 mm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average length or the average diameter of the one side of the sliding surface is usually 100 mm, preferably 20 mm, and more preferably 10 mm. When the average length or the average diameter of the side is smaller than the lower limit, the area of the sliding surface may be reduced, and the conductivity or the sliding property may be reduced. Conversely, when the average length or the average diameter of the side exceeds the upper limit, it may be difficult to use in a small-sized device.

  The average length in the direction perpendicular to the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.2 mm or more and 100 mm or less.

(Base material)
The substrate 1 contains carbon fibers and graphite in a matrix. The substrate 1 may contain other optional components as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

  The lower limit of the content of the matrix in the substrate 1 is preferably 3% by mass, more preferably 7% by mass, and still more preferably 10% by mass. On the other hand, the upper limit of the content of the matrix is preferably 40% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass, and still more preferably 20% by mass. When the content of the matrix is smaller than the above lower limit, molding to the conductive sliding member may be difficult. On the contrary, when content of a matrix exceeds the above-mentioned upper limit, there is a possibility that slide nature of the conductive sliding member concerned may fall, and exfoliation with metal mesh 2 and substrate 1 may not fully be controlled.

〔matrix〕
The matrix shapes the substrate 1. Examples of the main component of the matrix include thermosetting resins such as phenol resin and epoxy resin, thermoplastic resins such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) and PEEK (polyether ether ketone), pitch, tar and the like. Among them, a thermosetting resin is preferable as the main component of the matrix from the viewpoint of strength and heat resistance, and a phenol resin is more preferable. The lower limit of the total content of the above-mentioned thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin, pitch and tar in the matrix is preferably 80% by mass, and more preferably 90% by mass. Moreover, 100 mass% may be sufficient as the said total content.

[Phenolic resin]
A phenol resin is an insoluble and infusible resin in which a three-dimensional crosslinked structure is formed in the molecule, and cures an oligomer (hereinafter also referred to as "uncured phenolic resin") using phenols and aldehydes as raw materials. It is obtained by The uncured phenolic resin may be solid or liquid. As a phenol resin, a novolak-type phenol resin, a resol-type phenol resin, etc. are mentioned, for example. As a resol type phenol resin, a methylol type phenol resin, a dimethylene ether type phenol resin etc. are mentioned, for example, Among these, a dimethylene ether type phenol resin is preferable from a viewpoint of suppressing the chipping at the time of processing. Among these, novolak-type phenol resins are preferable as the phenol resin from the viewpoint of improving the slidability of the conductive sliding member.

  Examples of the above-mentioned phenols include cresol, ethylphenol, xylenol, p-t-butylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, alkylphenols such as dodecylphenol and p-phenylphenol, and phenol, among which phenol is preferable.

  Examples of the aldehyde include formalin, paraformaldehyde and the like, among which formalin is preferred.

  The lower limit of the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 400, more preferably 450, and still more preferably 500. On the other hand, the upper limit of the Mn of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 1,200, more preferably 800, and still more preferably 600. If the number average molecular weight of the uncured phenolic resin is less than the above lower limit or exceeds the above upper limit, the heat shock resistance of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. In addition, the number average molecular weight of unhardened phenol resin and the weight average molecular weight mentioned later are the measured value by the area method of a gel filtration chromatograph.

  The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 400, more preferably 1,500, and still more preferably 3,000. On the other hand, the upper limit of the Mw of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 5,000, more preferably 4,500, and still more preferably 4,000. When the Mw of the uncured phenolic resin is smaller than the above lower limit or exceeds the above upper limit, the stability and the formability of the molding material may be reduced.

  The dispersion ratio (Mw / Mn) of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 1.1, more preferably 4.0, and still more preferably 7.0. On the other hand, the upper limit of the dispersion ratio of the uncured phenolic resin is preferably 20.0, more preferably 12.0, and still more preferably 8.0. When the dispersion ratio of the uncured phenolic resin is smaller than the above lower limit or exceeds the above upper limit, the stability and the formability of the molding material may be reduced.

  The uncured phenolic resin may contain monomers and dimers of the above-mentioned phenols. As an upper limit of the sum total content of the monomer and dimer of the above-mentioned phenols in unhardened phenol resin, 10 mass% is preferred, and 5 mass% is more preferred. If the total content of the phenolic monomer and dimer exceeds the upper limit, there is a possibility that the coefficient of friction and the amount of wear of the conductive sliding member increase. Moreover, the heat resistance and dimensional accuracy of the said electroconductive sliding member can be improved by making total content of the monomer and dimer of said phenols into the said range. Furthermore, the total content of the above-mentioned phenol monomer and dimer may be 0% by mass. In addition, the sum total content of the monomer and dimer of said phenols says the value measured by the gel filtration chromatograph.

  Among them, the uncured phenolic resin has a total content of phenol monomers and dimer of 10% by mass or less, and the dispersion ratio (Mw / Mn) of 1.5 to 20, in particular preferable. Thus, the coefficient of friction of the conductive sliding member can be further reduced by setting the total content of the phenolic monomer and dimer and the dispersion ratio (Mw / Mn) in the above range. As a result, the amount of wear can be further reduced. In addition, by setting the total content and the dispersion ratio in the above ranges, the melt viscosity can be kept relatively low even if the total content of the phenol monomer and dimer is 10% by mass or less.

  As a method for synthesizing an uncured phenolic resin, for example, a step of preparing a mixture of the above-mentioned phenols, aldehydes and catalyst (preparation step), a step of condensation reaction of the above mixture at reflux temperature (condensation reaction step), The method etc. which include the process (removal process) of carrying out the pressure reduction concentration of the liquid mixture after condensation reaction are mentioned.

  In the case of synthesizing an uncured novolak phenol resin, examples of the catalyst include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, organic acids such as oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and xylenesulfonic acid, and oxidation Acid catalysts such as acidic substances such as zinc, zinc chloride, magnesium oxide, zinc acetate and the like, and the like are mentioned. Among these, organic acids are preferable, and oxalic acid is more preferable. Moreover, as molar ratio (F / P) with respect to phenols (P) of aldehydes (F) in the said liquid mixture, they are 0.75 or more and 0.95 or less, for example.

  When synthesizing an uncured resol-type phenolic resin, examples of the catalyst include alkali catalysts such as hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide. The lower limit of the F / P in the liquid mixture is, for example, 1.1 or more and 4.0 or less.

  The content of the catalyst in the mixed solution is, for example, 0.05 parts by mass or more and 70 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the phenol.

  The reflux temperature in the condensation reaction is, for example, 90 ° C. or more and 110 ° C. or less. Moreover, as reaction time of the said condensation reaction, it is 2 to 12 hours, for example.

[Epoxy resin]
An epoxy resin is an insoluble and infusible resin in which a three-dimensional crosslinked structure is formed in the molecule, and is cured by curing an oligomer having an epoxy group (hereinafter, also referred to as "uncured epoxy resin") with a curing agent. can get. The epoxy resin is not particularly limited. For example, novolak type epoxy resin, bisphenol-A type epoxy resin, bisphenol-F type epoxy resin, trisphenol methane type epoxy resin, tetrakisphenol type epoxy resin, brominated epoxy resin, dicyclo Examples thereof include pentadiene type epoxy resins, naphthalene type epoxy resins, glycidyl amine type epoxy resins, glycidyl ester type epoxy resins, cyclic aliphatic epoxy resins and the like.

〔Carbon fiber〕
The carbon fiber improves the mechanical strength of the conductive sliding member, and prevents the separation between the substrate 1 and the metal mesh 2 by being entangled with the wire of the metal mesh 2. Examples of carbon fibers include PAN-based carbon fibers made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a raw material, pitch-based carbon fibers made of pitch as a raw material, and the like. As a raw material of pitch-based carbon fiber, the pitch derived from petroleum may be used, and the pitch derived from coal may be used. Among these, pitch-based carbon fibers are preferable as the carbon fibers. In the pitch-based carbon fiber, the tar component exudes due to heat generation and the like at the time of sliding to improve the sliding of the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member, and as a result, the variation of the friction coefficient of the conductive sliding member It can be stabilized. In addition, since the pitch-based carbon fiber has a low electrical resistivity, the conductivity of the conductive sliding member can be further improved.

  The lower limit of the average fiber length of carbon fibers is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 mm, more preferably 0.01 mm, and still more preferably 0.05 mm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average fiber length of carbon fibers is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mm, more preferably 0.7 mm, and still more preferably 0.5 mm. If the average fiber length of the carbon fiber is smaller than the above lower limit, the mechanical strength of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. On the contrary, when the average fiber length of carbon fiber exceeds the above-mentioned upper limit, there is a possibility that sliding nature may fall because carbon fiber exfoliates easily from the conductive sliding member concerned. Moreover, there exists a possibility that suppression of peeling with the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 may become inadequate.

  As a minimum of the mean fiber diameter of carbon fiber, 1 micrometer is preferred and 3 micrometers is more preferred. On the other hand, as an upper limit of the mean fiber diameter of carbon fiber, 18 micrometers is preferred and 12 micrometers is more preferred. If the average fiber diameter of the carbon fibers is smaller than the above lower limit, the abrasion resistance of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. In addition, since the strength of the carbon fiber is reduced, there is a possibility that the suppression of the peeling between the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 may be insufficient. Conversely, when the average fiber diameter of the carbon fiber exceeds the above upper limit, the flexibility of the carbon fiber is reduced and it is difficult to be filled in the mesh 3 of the metal mesh 2, so the carbon fiber is hardly entangled in the mesh 3 of the metal mesh 2 May be As a result, suppression of peeling between the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 is insufficient, and there is a possibility that the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 may be easily peeled when an impact is applied to the conductive sliding member. .

  As a minimum of content of carbon fiber in substrate 1, 1 mass% is preferred, 3 mass% is more preferred, and 4 mass% is more preferred. On the other hand, as a maximum of content of carbon fiber, 20 mass% is preferred, 10 mass% is more preferred, and 7 mass% is still more preferred. When the content of the carbon fiber is smaller than the above lower limit, there is a possibility that the mechanical strength of the conductive sliding member becomes insufficient, and there is a possibility that the suppression of peeling between the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 becomes insufficient. On the contrary, when content of carbon fiber exceeds the above-mentioned maximum, there is a possibility that moldability of a molding material of the conductive sliding member concerned may fall.

〔graphite〕
Graphite reduces the coefficient of friction of the conductive sliding member. The graphite is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spherical graphite, scaly graphite, massive graphite, natural graphite such as earthy graphite, and artificial graphite. Among them, spherical graphite and artificial graphite are preferred as the graphite. The graphite is usually in the form of particles, and at least a part of the graphite particles may have a particle diameter smaller than the average opening of the metal mesh 2. Here, "at least a part of graphite" refers to 10% by mass or more of graphite.

  As a minimum of content of graphite in substrate 1, 40 mass% is preferred, 55 mass% is more preferred, and 70 mass% is still more preferred. On the other hand, as an upper limit of content of graphite, 90 mass% is preferred, and 85 mass% is more preferred. When the content of graphite is smaller than the above lower limit, the slidability of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. On the contrary, when content of graphite exceeds the above-mentioned upper limit, there is a possibility that moldability of a molding material of the conductive sliding member concerned may fall.

  As an optional component which the base material 1 may contain, a metal powder, a solid lubricant, etc. are mentioned, for example. As said metal powder, the metal powder which has copper, silver, tin, gold | metal | money, platinum, palladium, aluminum, these alloys, etc. as a main component is mentioned, for example. Also, as the above-mentioned solid lubricant, boron-based compounds, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide and the like can be mentioned. The content of these other components can be appropriately changed without impairing the slidability and conductivity of the conductive sliding member. However, when the substrate 1 further contains a metal powder, the upper limit of the total mass of the metal powder and the metal mesh 2 with respect to the mass of the conductive sliding member is preferably 30% by mass, and more preferably 25% by mass. If the upper limit of the total mass exceeds the upper limit, there is a risk that the slidability of the conductive sliding member may be reduced or the weight may be unnecessarily increased.

(Conductive layer)
The conductive sliding member includes the metal mesh 2 as a conductive layer. Although the number of conductive layers provided in the conductive sliding member is three in FIG. 1, the number is not limited to this. The lower limit of the number of conductive layers is usually 1, preferably 2, and more preferably 3. On the other hand, the upper limit of the number of conductive layers is usually 100, preferably 20, and more preferably 8. If the number of conductive layers is smaller than the above lower limit, the conductivity of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. On the other hand, when the number of conductive layers exceeds the above upper limit, there is a risk that molding on the conductive sliding member may be difficult or the weight may be unnecessarily increased.

  The lower limit of the average spacing of the plurality of metal meshes 2 is preferably 0.1 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm, and still more preferably 0.8 mm. On the other hand, as an upper limit of the average space | interval of several metal mesh 2, 5 mm is preferable, 3 mm is more preferable, and 1.5 mm is more preferable. When the average distance between the plurality of metal nets 2 is smaller than the above lower limit, the plurality of metal nets 2 may easily come into contact without interposing the base material 1, and as a result, the base material 1 and the metal net 2 may be easily peeled off. There is. When the average interval of the plurality of metal meshes 2 exceeds the upper limit, the conductive sliding member may be unnecessarily increased.

(Metal mesh)
The metal mesh 2 is a wire having a metal as a main component disposed in a mesh, and regularly has a plurality of rectangular meshes 3 penetrating through the front and back. The plurality of metal meshes 2 are disposed substantially in parallel and at substantially equal intervals. The metal mesh 2 may be disposed substantially perpendicularly to the sliding surface, or may be disposed to be inclined with respect to the sliding surface, but substantially perpendicularly to the sliding surface It is preferable that it is arrange | positioned.

  Although the end faces of the plurality of metal nets 2 may be exposed at least to the sliding surface as described above, it is preferable that the end surfaces are also exposed to surfaces other than the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member. As described above, when the end faces of the plurality of metal nets 2 are exposed on the sliding surface and the other surface, wiring such as lead wires is electrically connected to the end faces of the metal net 2 exposed on the other surfaces. By connecting, it is possible to form a current path through the metal mesh 2 between the mating material and the wiring. However, the end faces of the plurality of metal nets 2 may be exposed only on the sliding surface, and in this case, the inside of the substrate 1 is provided by providing insertion holes on the surface other than the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member. Thus, the wiring and the metal mesh 2 can be electrically connected.

  The metal mesh 2 may be a woven mesh (mesh) made of a wire by weaving a wire, or may be made by bonding a wire with an adhesive or the like. Moreover, although the metal mesh 2 may be formed with the wavelike unevenness | corrugation in the thickness direction and may be flat, it is preferable that it is flat.

  As a metal which is a main component of the above-mentioned wire, ie, a metal which is a main component of metal net 2, silver, copper, aluminum, iron, nickel, and these alloys are preferred, and copper and a copper alloy are more preferred.

  As a lower limit of the average thickness of the metal mesh 2, 0.05 mm is preferable and 0.15 mm is preferable. On the other hand, as an upper limit of average thickness of metal mesh 2, 1 mm is preferred and 0.3 mm is more preferred. When the average thickness of the metal mesh 2 is smaller than the above-mentioned lower limit, "the average thickness of the metal mesh" means an average value of the thickness measured in the crossing area of any ten wires.

  Although it does not specifically limit as a cross-sectional shape of the said wire, For example, square shape, rectangular shape, triangle shape, round shape, elliptical shape etc. are mentioned. The lower limit of the average diameter of the wire is preferably 1 μm, more preferably 10 μm, and still more preferably 100 μm. On the other hand, as an upper limit of the mean diameter of the above-mentioned wire rod, 500 micrometers is preferred, 300 micrometers is more preferred, and 150 micrometers is still more preferred. If the average diameter of the wire is smaller than the lower limit, the conductivity of the conductive sliding member may be reduced. On the contrary, when the average diameter of the above-mentioned wire rod exceeds the above-mentioned maximum, adhesion wear may occur when the other material is the same metal material etc., and the slidability of the conductive sliding member concerned may fall. As a result, vibrations and sounds generated during use may be increased. In addition, carbon fibers are less likely to be entangled, and there is a possibility that suppression of peeling between the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 may be insufficient. Here, the "average diameter" means the average value of the diameter of a perfect circle of equal area with the cross-sectional area at any ten points orthogonal to the axial direction.

The lower limit of the average mesh size of the metal mesh 2 is preferably 50 μm, more preferably 100 μm, and still more preferably 120 μm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average mesh size of the metal mesh 2 is preferably 5,000, more preferably 500 μm, and still more preferably 180 μm. The lower limit of the average area of the meshes 3 of the metal mesh ² is preferably 2.5 × 10 ³ μm ² , more preferably 1.0 × 10 ^{4, and} still more preferably 1.5 × 10 ⁴ μm ² . On the other hand, the upper limit of the average area of the meshes 3 of the metal mesh ² is preferably 2.5 × 10 ⁷ μm ² , more preferably 2.5 × 10 ^{5, and} still more preferably 3.2 × 10 ⁴ μm ² . When the average opening or the average area is smaller than the lower limit, it is difficult for the material constituting the substrate 1 to be filled in the mesh 3, so that the suppression of peeling between the substrate 1 and the metal mesh 2 by carbon fibers is insufficient. May be Conversely, when the average opening or the average area exceeds the upper limit, the carbon fibers contained in the base material 1 filled in the vicinity of the center of the mesh 3 are less likely to be entangled with the metal mesh 2, so the base material 1 and the metal mesh There is a possibility that control of exfoliation with 2 may become insufficient. In addition, since the size of the metal mesh 2 is increased, the size of the conductive sliding member may be unnecessarily increased. Here, the average opening of the metal mesh 2 is a value measured in accordance with "7.2.1 average opening" of JIS-G 3556 (2001) "industrial-use woven wire mesh". Further, the average area of the meshes 3 of the metal mesh 2 refers to the average value of the areas of arbitrary ten meshes.

  The lower limit of the ratio of the average opening of the metal mesh 2 to the average fiber diameter of the carbon fiber is preferably 1: 0.001, more preferably 1: 0.01, and still more preferably 1: 0.05. On the other hand, the upper limit of the above ratio is preferably 1: 0.5, more preferably 1: 0.3, and still more preferably 1: 0.1. When the above ratio is smaller than the above lower limit or above the above upper limit, there is a possibility that the peeling between the substrate 1 and the metal mesh 2 can not be sufficiently suppressed.

As a minimum of the number of eyes of metal mesh 2, 5 meshes are preferred, 30 meshes are more preferred, and 80 meshes are still more preferred. On the other hand, as a maximum of the number of eyes of metal mesh 2, 500 mesh is preferred, 200 mesh is more preferred, and 120 mesh is still more preferred. Here, “mesh” means the number of eyes per side of 25.4 mm (1 inch), and for example, 100 mesh means that the number of eyes per side is 100.

  The lower limit of the ratio of the mass of the substrate 1 to the mass of the metal mesh 2 is preferably 70:30, more preferably 75:25. On the other hand, the upper limit of the ratio of the mass of the substrate 1 to the mass of the metal mesh 2 is preferably 97: 3, more preferably 90:10, and still more preferably 85:15. When the ratio of the mass of the substrate 1 to the mass of the metal mesh 2 is smaller than the above lower limit, there is a risk that the strength of the conductive sliding member may be reduced, or the molding may be difficult. Conversely, when the ratio of the mass of the substrate 1 to the mass of the metal mesh 2 exceeds the upper limit, the conductivity of the conductive sliding member may be reduced.

  In addition, it is preferable that the said electroconductive sliding member is fixed in the state which contact | abutted the base material 1 and the metal mesh 2 without joining materials, such as an adhesive agent, from a viewpoint of improving heat resistance.

<Method of Manufacturing Conductive Sliding Member>
The method of manufacturing the conductive sliding member includes a step of alternately stacking a plurality of base layers forming the base and the one or more conductive layers (stacking step), and a laminate after the stacking step. And a step of thermocompression bonding (thermocompression bonding step). Each step will be described below.

(Lamination process)
In this step, the plurality of base material layers constituting the base material and the one or more conductive layers are alternately laminated.

[Base material layer]
The base layer contains carbon fibers and graphite in a matrix. When the main component of the matrix of the base material layer is a thermosetting resin, the thermosetting resin is usually uncured. About the kind and content of carbon fiber and graphite, since it can be made to be the same as that of the base material of the conductive sliding member concerned, explanation is omitted.

As a method for producing the base layer, for example, a step of mixing the main component of the matrix, the carbon fiber, the graphite and the optional component (mixing step), and a step of pressure molding the mixture obtained in the mixing step And the like. In the above-mentioned production method, the above-mentioned mixture may be crushed before pressure forming in order to adjust the particle size of the graphite. When the main component of the matrix is not in the form of solution, in the mixing step, each component such as the main component of the matrix is dissolved in a solvent such as ethanol and mixed, and then the solvent is volatilized before the pressure forming step. It is good. In this case, the ratio of the total mass of each component to the mass of the solvent is, for example, 85:15 or more and 96: 4 or less. Furthermore, in the mixing step, as another method, the mixture may be obtained by kneading and mixing each component such as the main component of the matrix with a pressure kneader, a mixing roll, a twin-screw extruder, or the like. The pressure applied in the pressure forming step is, for example, 1 kg / cm ² or more and 1,000 kg / cm ² or less. In the case of kneading and mixing in the mixing step, and / or in the case of grinding the mixture before pressure forming, the fiber length of the carbon fiber is reduced due to cutting, so carbon fibers having a relatively large fiber length in the mixing step Can also be used. The average fiber length of specific carbon fibers in this case is, for example, 50 μm or more and 6,000 μm or less.

  As a minimum of average thickness of each layer of the above-mentioned substrate layer, 0.1 mm is preferred, 0.5 mm is more preferred, and 0.8 mm is still more preferred. On the other hand, as a maximum of average thickness of each layer of the above-mentioned substrate layer, 5 mm is preferred, 3 mm is more preferred, and 1.5 mm is still more preferred. When the average thickness of each layer of the base material layer is smaller than the above lower limit, the average spacing of the metal mesh of the conductive sliding member decreases, and as a result, the metal mesh contacts the substrate without interposing the substrate. And the metal mesh may be easily peeled off. On the contrary, when the average space | interval of each layer of the said base material layer exceeds the said upper limit, there exists a possibility that the said electroconductive sliding member may become large unnecessarily.

  When the main component of the matrix is an uncured thermosetting resin, it is preferable to further mix a curing agent as an optional component in the mixing step. When the thermosetting resin is a phenol resin, examples of the curing agent include hexamethylenetetramine and the like. Moreover, as a hardening agent in case a thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin, polyhydric phenols, acid anhydrides, amines, imidazole etc. are mentioned, for example. The mixing amount of the curing agent is, for example, 10 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermosetting resin.

(Thermocompression bonding process)
In this step, the laminate after the above-mentioned lamination step is thermocompression-bonded. In this step, the metal mesh is embedded in the above-mentioned base material so that the plurality of openings are filled with the material constituting the base material. In addition, when the main component of the matrix of the base material layer is an uncured thermosetting resin, the thermosetting resin is cured in this step. The conditions for the thermocompression bonding can be appropriately changed according to the main component of the matrix and the like, but the heating temperature is, for example, 150 ° C. or more and 230 ° C. or less. The molding pressure is, for example, 1 kg / cm ² or more and 1,000 kg / cm ² or less.

  In addition, in the manufacturing method of the said electroconductive sliding member, you may process further after the said thermocompression-bonding process. Examples of processing after the above-described thermocompression bonding step include baking for carbonizing the binder, cutting for forming the conductive sliding member into a specific shape, and machining such as grinding and polishing. . When the main component of the matrix of the conductive sliding member is a thermosetting resin, curing (heating) may be performed as processing after the above-mentioned thermocompression bonding step. By curing, the curing of the thermosetting resin can be further advanced, and as a result, the slidability of the conductive sliding member can be further improved. When curing is performed, the heating temperature can be appropriately changed depending on the type of thermosetting resin and the like, but is, for example, 160 ° C. or more and 280 ° C. or less.

  In the above-mentioned machining, the end of the metal mesh may be processed to project beyond the sliding surface. Such machining makes it possible to easily electrically connect the end portion of the protruding metal mesh and the wiring such as the lead wire.

(Use)
As the application of the conductive sliding member, for example, carbon brushes of generators such as alternators or motors, relays for railway signals, switches such as elevators, small voltage regulators, electric contacts such as circuit breakers, connectors, switches, etc. Electronic device connection parts, passive components such as capacitors, and pantograph scraping plates. Among these, the conductive sliding member can be suitably used as a carbon brush, and can be more suitably used as a carbon brush of an alternator. The alternator is a generator for generating electricity by power, and is used for an automobile or the like.

<Alternator>
The alternator includes a carbon brush including the conductive sliding member, and is used under the condition that the carbon brush is 70 ° C. or higher. In addition, except the carbon brush of the said alternator, since it can be made the same as that of a conventionally well-known thing, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the carbon brush, a wire such as a lead wire is connected to a surface other than the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member. The conductive sliding member exposes the end face of the metal mesh on the sliding surface with the mating material (commutator), and electrically connects the wiring and the mating material.

  The wiring may be fixed by making a hole in the conductive sliding member, inserting a lead wire into the hole, and packing metal powder or the like having high conductivity. Alternatively, the metal mesh on the surface to which the lead wire is attached may be protruded, and after forming, the lead metal wire may be fixed by twisting the protruded metal mesh.

  Since the said conductive sliding member is excellent in electroconductivity and slidability, the said alternator is excellent in electric power generation efficiency, and is long life. In addition, although the alternator may reach 70 ° C. or higher due to frictional heat at the time of use, the conductive sliding member needs to use a bonding material such as an adhesive to suppress peeling between the base material and the metal mesh. Because it does not, it is easy to improve the heat resistance strength, as a result, it has a longer life.

<Other Embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and design changes can be made as appropriate within the intended scope of the present invention.

  The shape of the mesh of the metal mesh is not limited to the rectangular shape in FIG. 3 and may be, for example, a triangular shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.

  The conductive layer is not limited to a metal mesh, and examples thereof include a punching metal, and a plurality of wires disposed in a stripe. The conductive layer may contain a component other than metal, such as resin, ceramic, and glass, as long as the metal is a main component.

  When the conductive layer is a punching metal, the shape of the opening of the punching metal is not particularly limited. For example, various shapes such as a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, a circle, and an ellipse can be adopted. Further, the average area of the openings can be, for example, the same as the average area of the mesh of the metal mesh. Further, the average distance between the adjacent openings of the punching metal can be, for example, the same as the average diameter of the wire of the metal mesh. Further, the average thickness of the punching metal can be, for example, the same as the average thickness of the metal mesh described above.

  When the said conductive layer is formed by arrange | positioning a wire in stripe form, as a cross-sectional shape and average diameter of the said wire, it can be made to be the same as that of the wire of the said metal mesh, for example. Moreover, as a space | interval of the said wire, it can be made to be the same as that of the average opening of a metal mesh, for example.

  When the said conductive layer is formed by arrange | positioning a wire in stripe form or net | network form, it is good for the said wire to be arrange | positioned so that it may incline with respect to a sliding face. In this case, the inclination angle of the wire with respect to the sliding surface is, for example, 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less.

  The plurality of conductive layers may not be disposed substantially parallel and at substantially equal intervals.

  The manufacturing method of the said electroconductive sliding member is not limited to the above-mentioned manufacturing method. Specifically, for example, a method of disposing one or a plurality of conductive layers in a mold in injection molding, transfer molding, etc., and filling the material forming the base material in the mold may be mentioned.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples. In the examples, "parts" and "%" indicate "parts by mass" and "% by mass" unless otherwise specified. Moreover, when demonstrating a compounding quantity using a mass part in this specification, unless otherwise indicated, it describes as a mass part with respect to 100 mass parts of phenol resin or epoxy resins.

(Production of uncured phenolic resin)
In a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer and a condenser, 193 parts by mass of phenol (P), 142 parts by mass of 37 mass% formalin (F) (F / P = 0.85), and 0.97 mass of oxalic acid Parts (0.5 mass% / P) were separately charged, and the temperature was gradually raised to the reflux temperature (98 ° C. to 102 ° C.), and a condensation reaction was carried out at the same temperature for 6 hours. Next, concentration under reduced pressure was carried out, whereby 199 parts by mass (yield: 103% by mass / P) of an uncured novolak type phenolic resin was obtained. The uncured phenolic resin had a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 3,840, a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 512, and a dispersion ratio (Mw / Mn) of 7.5.

  In addition, the above-mentioned weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight are gel filtration chromatograph SC-8020 series build-up system (column: G2000Hxl + G4000Hxl, Toso Corporation), detector: UV254 nm, carrier: tetrahydrofuran 1 mL / min, column temperature: 38 ° C It measured by standard polystyrene conversion using.).

Example 1
Graphite (graphite) (Nippon Graphite Industry Co., Ltd. "Blue P") 75.0 parts by mass, pitch based carbon fiber (Mitsubishi Plastic Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. "K6371 T"; average fiber diameter 11 μm; average fiber length 3,000 μm) 5 A graphite mixture was prepared by dissolving 0 parts by mass, 13.0 parts by mass of the above-mentioned uncured phenolic resin as a matrix, and 2.1 parts by mass of hexamethylenetetramine (hardening agent) in 7.0 parts by mass of ethanol. . The ethanol was then volatilized to dry the graphite mixture. Thereafter, in order to adjust the particle size of the contained graphite, the above-mentioned graphite mixture was pulverized to prepare a treated graphite mixture. The treated graphite mixture was pressure-molded at 180 kg / cm ² to form a flat-plate shaped substrate layer having an average thickness of 1 mm. Then, five uncured base material layers (total 80 parts by mass) and four copper meshes as conductive layers (average diameter of wire is 110 μm, 100 mesh, average opening 144 μm) (total 20 parts by mass) Were alternately laminated and molded by thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 180 ° C. and a molding pressure of 180 kg / cm ² . Next, the resulting molded product was cured at 250 ° C. and post-processed to obtain the conductive sliding member of Example 1. In addition, since the said carbon fiber which this electroconductive sliding member contains is cut | disconnected by grinding | pulverization of the above-mentioned graphite mixture, the average fiber length is about 100 micrometers.

  The conductive sliding member of Example 1 is a 5 mm × 5 mm × 3 mm rectangular parallelepiped, and a square surface of 5 mm square is a sliding surface. The four copper meshes as the conductive layer included in the conductive sliding member are disposed substantially parallel to and substantially perpendicular to the sliding surface at substantially equal intervals and the end face is exposed on the sliding surface.

(Example 2)
A conductive sliding member of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that curing was not performed after molding.

(Example 3)
Use 5.0 parts by weight of PAN-based carbon fiber (“TORAYCA T-008A” from Toray Industries; average fiber diameter 7 μm; average fiber length 3,000 μm) as carbon fiber instead of pitch-based carbon fiber, and cure after molding The conductive slide member of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the process was not performed.

(Example 4)
Uncured epoxy resin instead of uncured phenolic resin (Mitsubishi Chemical's "JER 871" (main agent) and Mitsubishi Chemical's "JER Cure FL 240" (curing agent) mixed in a weight ratio of 100: 20) 16 The conductive sliding member of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0 part by mass was used and curing was not performed after molding.

(Comparative example 1)
80.0 parts by mass of graphite (graphite) ("Blue P" from Japan Graphite Industry Co., Ltd.), 13.0 parts by mass of the above-mentioned uncured phenolic resin as a matrix, and 2.1 parts by mass of hexamethylenetetramine (curing agent) The solution was dissolved in 7.0 parts by mass of ethanol to form a graphite mixture, and the procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that curing was not performed after molding, to obtain a conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative example 2)
48.0 parts by mass of graphite (graphite) ("Blue P" from Japan Graphite Industry Co., Ltd.), 12.0 parts by mass of the above-mentioned uncured phenolic resin as a matrix, and 1.9 parts by mass of hexamethylenetetramine (curing agent) A graphite mixture was prepared by mixing with 7.0 parts by mass of ethanol. The ethanol was then evaporated to dry the mixture. Thereafter, in order to adjust the particle size of the contained graphite, the above-mentioned graphite mixture was pulverized to prepare a treated graphite mixture. 60 parts by mass of this treated graphite mixture is mixed with 40 parts by mass of copper powder (“Copper powder (Wako first grade)” manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and the mixture is molded at a molding pressure of 3,500 kg / cm ² and then at 250 ° C. After curing, the conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 2 was obtained by post-processing. The shape of the conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 2 was the same as the shape of the conductive sliding member of Example 1.

<Evaluation>
The slidability and conductivity of the conductive sliding members of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2 were evaluated by the methods described below. In addition, since the base material and the copper mesh peeled immediately after shaping | molding, the electroconductive sliding member of the comparative example 1 was not evaluated.

(Slidability)
The slidability of each conductive member was measured by a thrust test apparatus shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B using a thrust tester AFT-6A (Todzu Precision Industrial Co., Ltd.). The thrust test apparatus is fixed to the upper surface of the conductive sliding member Y2 with an adhesive, using a rectangular plate-shaped counterpart Y1, three conductive sliding members Y2 disposed on the mating member Y1, and the like. A pin Y3 and a jig (not shown) for applying a downward test surface pressure A to the conductive sliding member Y2 through the pin Y3. The three conductive sliding members Y2 are disposed point-symmetrically with respect to the center B of the upper surface of the mating member Y1, and the average distance between the center B and the center of the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member Y2 is 18 mm. And

Under the following conditions, the counterpart material Y1 was rotated in one direction about a virtual straight line connecting the center B of the upper surface and the center of the lower surface as a central axis, and the dynamic friction coefficient, the self-wear amount, and the counterpart material wear amount were measured.
Counterpart material: 55 mm x 55 mm x 3 mm thick phosphor bronze (C5191) square plate Test surface pressure A: 0.25 MPa
Test speed: 2.64 m / s (rotation speed 2,000 rpm)
Environment: No lubrication Test time: 20 h

[Self wear amount]
The difference between the test before and after the test of the total average length d in the vertical direction with respect to the sliding surfaces of the conductive sliding member Y2 and the pin Y3 measured by a micrometer was taken as the self-wear amount (μm / 20 h) of the conductive sliding member Y2. . The amount of self-wear is an average of measured values of the three conductive sliding members Y2 and the pin Y3. The amount of self-wear shows that the smaller the numerical value, the better the slidability. It can be judged that the case of 130 μm / 20 h or less is good, and the case of exceeding 130 μm / 20 h is not good.

[Abrasion amount of mating material]
The mass of the worn counterpart material Y1 was determined by measuring the difference in mass of the counterpart material Y1 before and after the test. Dividing the worn mass mating member Y1 specific gravity of the mating member Y1, and the volume of worn mating member wear amount and (mm 3 / ^20h). Mating member wear amount, numerical indicate that excellent slidability the smaller, 0.5 mm ³ / 20h good for the following:, 0.5 mm ³ / 20h ultra 2.0 mm ³ / 20h somewhat better in the following cases can determine if the 2.0 mm ³ / 20h than not good.

[Dynamic friction coefficient]
The frictional force during rotation of the mating material Y1 was measured, and the value obtained by dividing the frictional force by the test surface pressure A was taken as the coefficient of friction. A dynamic friction coefficient is defined as a value obtained when 10 minutes have elapsed from the start of rotation of the mating material Y1 and stabilized at a lower value than the friction coefficient (static friction coefficient) immediately after the start. The smaller the numerical value of the dynamic friction coefficient, the better the slidability. The case of 0.15 or less can be evaluated as good, and the case of 0.15 or more can be evaluated as not good.

(Conductivity)
The electrical conductivity was evaluated by measuring the resistance value of the conductive sliding member by the four probe method in accordance with JIS-K 7194 (1994) “The resistivity test method of the conductive plastic by the four probe method”. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the terminal Z1 of a low resistivity meter (Mitsubishi Chemical's "Loresta-GP MCP-T600") is brought into contact with the sliding surface of the conductive sliding member Z2 (× 10 ⁻³ Ω) was measured (N = 10 to 15). In addition, the measurement was carefully performed so that the four terminals Z1 would not be in contact with only the base material Z4 or with the copper mesh Z3. Electrical resistance, numerical indicate that excellent conductivity smaller the, 2.5 × ^{10 -3 Ω} following cases good, 2.5 × ^{10 -3 Ω} than 10.0 × when less than ^{10 -3} Omega It can be judged that the case of somewhat better than 10.0 × 10 ⁻³ Ω is not good.

  The materials of the respective conductive sliding members and the evaluation results described above are shown in Table 1. In addition, in Table 1, the mass part of a phenol resin and an epoxy resin contains the mass part of the hardening agent used for hardening. Moreover, "-" shows that the corresponding material is not used.

  As apparent from Table 1, the conductive sliding members of Examples 1 to 4 were excellent in the slidability and the conductivity, and were able to suppress the peeling between the base material and the metal mesh. On the other hand, in the conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 2, the self-wear amount was not good. This is because, compared with the conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 2, the conductive sliding members of Examples 1 to 4 have a smaller content of copper which reduces the slidability, and instead, the slideability is improved. It is considered that the content of graphite is high. Further, in the conductive sliding members of Examples 1 and 2, although the metal content was smaller than that of the conductive sliding member of Comparative Example 2, the electrical resistance was lowered. This is because the metal mesh provided in the conductive sliding members of Examples 1 and 2 is physically continuous in the current flow direction, and therefore can conduct electricity efficiently even in a small amount compared to metal powder. It is judged.

  Moreover, the electroconductive sliding member of the comparative example 1 was not able to suppress peeling of a base material and a metal mesh. It is judged that this is because the effect of suppressing the separation between the base material and the metal mesh due to the carbon fiber being entangled in the metal mesh is not obtained.

  Furthermore, the conductive sliding member of Example 1 had a smaller amount of self-wear than the conductive sliding member of Example 2. It is considered that this is because in the conductive sliding member of Example 1, curing of the phenol resin proceeds by curing and the strength is improved.

  Furthermore, the conductive sliding member of Example 2 had lower electrical resistance than the conductive sliding member of Example 3. It is considered that this is because pitch-based carbon fibers have a lower electrical resistivity than PAN-based carbon fibers. In addition, in the conductive sliding member of Example 2, the self-wear amount and the counterpart material wear amount were lower than those of the conductive sliding member of Example 3. It is considered that this is because a slight amount of tar exudes from the pitch-based carbon fiber to the sliding surface due to heat generation at the time of sliding, etc., and as a result, the fluctuation of the friction coefficient is stabilized. On the other hand, in the conductive sliding member of Example 3, since the above-described effect of stabilizing the coefficient of friction was not obtained, it is considered that the amount of self-wear and the amount of wear of the mating material increased due to the generation of vibration.

  Although the amount of self wear and the amount of wear of the mating material are normally in the relation of decreasing as one increases, the other may simultaneously increase or decrease due to the above-described occurrence of vibration or the like.

  Furthermore, in the conductive sliding member of Example 2, the self-wear amount and the counterpart material wear amount were lower than those of the conductive sliding member of Example 4. It is considered that this is because the phenol resin is better in slidability than the epoxy resin.

  According to the said electroconductive sliding member and its manufacturing method, peeling of a base material and a conductive layer can be suppressed, and the electroconductive sliding member which is excellent in slidability and electroconductivity can be provided. The alternator has excellent power generation efficiency and long life.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 base material 2 metal mesh 3 mesh Y 1 counterpart material Y 2 conductive sliding member Y 3 pin Z 1 terminal Z 2 conductive sliding member Z 3 base material Z 4 copper mesh

Claims (10)

A substrate containing carbon fibers and graphite in a matrix,
And one or more conductive layers which are disposed in layers in the base material and which are mainly composed of a metal and regularly have a plurality of openings penetrating the front and back,
The conductive layer is buried in the base material, and the material constituting the base material is filled in the plurality of openings ,
The electroconductive sliding member which the end surface of said 1 or several electroconductive layer is exposed to the sliding surface at least.   The conductive sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the one or more conductive layers are disposed substantially perpendicular to the sliding surface.   The conductive sliding member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive layer is formed by arranging wires in a stripe shape or a net shape.   The conductive sliding member according to claim 3, wherein the wire is disposed to be inclined with respect to the sliding surface.   The conductive sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of conductive layers are disposed substantially in parallel and at substantially equal intervals.   The electroconductive sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal is copper or a copper alloy.   The conductive sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main component of the matrix is a phenol resin.   The electroconductive sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the carbon fiber is a pitch-based carbon fiber. A carbon brush comprising the conductive sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
An alternator used under the condition that the carbon brush becomes 70 ° C. or higher. A substrate containing carbon fibers and graphite in a matrix,
A method of manufacturing a conductive sliding member, comprising: a conductive material disposed in a layer form in the base material; and one or more conductive layers having metal as a main component and regularly having a plurality of openings penetrating the front and back.
Alternately laminating a plurality of base material layers constituting the base material and the one or more conductive layers;
A step of thermocompression-bonding the laminated body after the laminating step , the conductive layer being buried in the base material, and filling the material constituting the base material into the plurality of openings. Manufacturing method.

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